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Diff for /imach/src/imach.c between versions 1.125 and 1.142

-version 1.125, 2006/04/04 15:20:31
+version 1.142, 2014/01/26 03:57:36
  Line 1
  /* $Id$
    $State$
    $Log$
+   Revision 1.142  2014/01/26 03:57:36  brouard
+   Summary: gnuplot changed plot w l 1 has to be changed to plot w l lt 2
+   * imach.c (Module): Trying to merge old staffs together while being at Tokyo. Not tested...
+   Revision 1.141  2014/01/26 02:42:01  brouard
+   * imach.c (Module): Trying to merge old staffs together while being at Tokyo. Not tested...
+   Revision 1.140  2011/09/02 10:37:54  brouard
+   Summary: times.h is ok with mingw32 now.
+   Revision 1.139  2010/06/14 07:50:17  brouard
+   After the theft of my laptop, I probably lost some lines of codes which were not uploaded to the CVS tree.
+   I remember having already fixed agemin agemax which are pointers now but not cvs saved.
+   Revision 1.138  2010/04/30 18:19:40  brouard
+   *** empty log message ***
+   Revision 1.137  2010/04/29 18:11:38  brouard
+   (Module): Checking covariates for more complex models
+   than V1+V2. A lot of change to be done. Unstable.
+   Revision 1.136  2010/04/26 20:30:53  brouard
+   (Module): merging some libgsl code. Fixing computation
+   of likelione (using inter/intrapolation if mle = 0) in order to
+   get same likelihood as if mle=1.
+   Some cleaning of code and comments added.
+   Revision 1.135  2009/10/29 15:33:14  brouard
+   (Module): Now imach stops if date of birth, at least year of birth, is not given. Some cleaning of the code.
+   Revision 1.134  2009/10/29 13:18:53  brouard
+   (Module): Now imach stops if date of birth, at least year of birth, is not given. Some cleaning of the code.
+   Revision 1.133  2009/07/06 10:21:25  brouard
+   just nforces
+   Revision 1.132  2009/07/06 08:22:05  brouard
+   Many tings
+   Revision 1.131  2009/06/20 16:22:47  brouard
+   Some dimensions resccaled
+   Revision 1.130  2009/05/26 06:44:34  brouard
+   (Module): Max Covariate is now set to 20 instead of 8. A
+   lot of cleaning with variables initialized to 0. Trying to make
+   V2+V3*age+V1+V4 strb=V3*age+V1+V4 working better.
+   Revision 1.129  2007/08/31 13:49:27  lievre
+   Modification of the way of exiting when the covariate is not binary in order to see on the window the error message before exiting
+   Revision 1.128  2006/06/30 13:02:05  brouard
+   (Module): Clarifications on computing e.j
+   Revision 1.127  2006/04/28 18:11:50  brouard
+   (Module): Yes the sum of survivors was wrong since
+   imach-114 because nhstepm was no more computed in the age
+   loop. Now we define nhstepma in the age loop.
+   (Module): In order to speed up (in case of numerous covariates) we
+   compute health expectancies (without variances) in a first step
+   and then all the health expectancies with variances or standard
+   deviation (needs data from the Hessian matrices) which slows the
+   computation.
+   In the future we should be able to stop the program is only health
+   expectancies and graph are needed without standard deviations.
+   Revision 1.126  2006/04/28 17:23:28  brouard
+   (Module): Yes the sum of survivors was wrong since
+   imach-114 because nhstepm was no more computed in the age
+   loop. Now we define nhstepma in the age loop.
+   Version 0.98h
    Revision 1.125  2006/04/04 15:20:31  lievre
    Errors in calculation of health expectancies. Age was not initialized.
    Forecasting file added.
    Revision 1.124  2006/03/22 17:13:53  lievre
    Parameters are printed with %lf instead of %f (more numbers after the comma).
    The log-likelihood is printed in the log file
    Revision 1.123  2006/03/20 10:52:43  brouard
    * imach.c (Module): <title> changed, corresponds to .htm file
    name. <head> headers where missing.
    * imach.c (Module): Weights can have a decimal point as for
    English (a comma might work with a correct LC_NUMERIC environment,
    otherwise the weight is truncated).
    Modification of warning when the covariates values are not 0 or
 .
    Version 0.98g
    Revision 1.122  2006/03/20 09:45:41  brouard
    (Module): Weights can have a decimal point as for
    English (a comma might work with a correct LC_NUMERIC environment,
    otherwise the weight is truncated).
    Modification of warning when the covariates values are not 0 or
 .
    Version 0.98g
    Revision 1.121  2006/03/16 17:45:01  lievre
    * imach.c (Module): Comments concerning covariates added
    * imach.c (Module): refinements in the computation of lli if
    status=-2 in order to have more reliable computation if stepm is
    not 1 month. Version 0.98f
    Revision 1.120  2006/03/16 15:10:38  lievre
    (Module): refinements in the computation of lli if
    status=-2 in order to have more reliable computation if stepm is
    not 1 month. Version 0.98f
    Revision 1.119  2006/03/15 17:42:26  brouard
    (Module): Bug if status = -2, the loglikelihood was
    computed as likelihood omitting the logarithm. Version O.98e
    Revision 1.118  2006/03/14 18:20:07  brouard
    (Module): varevsij Comments added explaining the second
    table of variances if popbased=1 .
    (Module): Covariances of eij, ekl added, graphs fixed, new html link.
    (Module): Function pstamp added
    (Module): Version 0.98d
    Revision 1.117  2006/03/14 17:16:22  brouard
    (Module): varevsij Comments added explaining the second
    table of variances if popbased=1 .
    (Module): Covariances of eij, ekl added, graphs fixed, new html link.
    (Module): Function pstamp added
    (Module): Version 0.98d
    Revision 1.116  2006/03/06 10:29:27  brouard
    (Module): Variance-covariance wrong links and
    varian-covariance of ej. is needed (Saito).
    Revision 1.115  2006/02/27 12:17:45  brouard
    (Module): One freematrix added in mlikeli! 0.98c
    Revision 1.114  2006/02/26 12:57:58  brouard
    (Module): Some improvements in processing parameter
    filename with strsep.
    Revision 1.113  2006/02/24 14:20:24  brouard
    (Module): Memory leaks checks with valgrind and:
    datafile was not closed, some imatrix were not freed and on matrix
    allocation too.
    Revision 1.112  2006/01/30 09:55:26  brouard
    (Module): Back to gnuplot.exe instead of wgnuplot.exe
    Revision 1.111  2006/01/25 20:38:18  brouard
    (Module): Lots of cleaning and bugs added (Gompertz)
    (Module): Comments can be added in data file. Missing date values
    can be a simple dot '.'.
    Revision 1.110  2006/01/25 00:51:50  brouard
    (Module): Lots of cleaning and bugs added (Gompertz)
    Revision 1.109  2006/01/24 19:37:15  brouard
    (Module): Comments (lines starting with a #) are allowed in data.
    Revision 1.108  2006/01/19 18:05:42  lievre
    Gnuplot problem appeared...
    To be fixed
    Revision 1.107  2006/01/19 16:20:37  brouard
    Test existence of gnuplot in imach path
    Revision 1.106  2006/01/19 13:24:36  brouard
    Some cleaning and links added in html output
    Revision 1.105  2006/01/05 20:23:19  lievre
    *** empty log message ***
    Revision 1.104  2005/09/30 16:11:43  lievre
    (Module): sump fixed, loop imx fixed, and simplifications.
    (Module): If the status is missing at the last wave but we know
    that the person is alive, then we can code his/her status as -2
    (instead of missing=-1 in earlier versions) and his/her
    contributions to the likelihood is 1 - Prob of dying from last
    health status (= 1-p13= p11+p12 in the easiest case of somebody in
    the healthy state at last known wave). Version is 0.98
    Revision 1.103  2005/09/30 15:54:49  lievre
    (Module): sump fixed, loop imx fixed, and simplifications.
    Revision 1.102  2004/09/15 17:31:30  brouard
    Add the possibility to read data file including tab characters.
    Revision 1.101  2004/09/15 10:38:38  brouard
    Fix on curr_time
    Revision 1.100  2004/07/12 18:29:06  brouard
    Add version for Mac OS X. Just define UNIX in Makefile
    Revision 1.99  2004/06/05 08:57:40  brouard
    *** empty log message ***
    Revision 1.98  2004/05/16 15:05:56  brouard
    New version 0.97 . First attempt to estimate force of mortality
    directly from the data i.e. without the need of knowing the health
    state at each age, but using a Gompertz model: log u =a + b*age .
    This is the basic analysis of mortality and should be done before any
    other analysis, in order to test if the mortality estimated from the
    cross-longitudinal survey is different from the mortality estimated
    from other sources like vital statistic data.
    The same imach parameter file can be used but the option for mle should be -3.
-   Agn�s, who wrote this part of the code, tried to keep most of the
+   Agnès, who wrote this part of the code, tried to keep most of the
    former routines in order to include the new code within the former code.
    The output is very simple: only an estimate of the intercept and of
    the slope with 95% confident intervals.
    Current limitations:
    A) Even if you enter covariates, i.e. with the
    model= V1+V2 equation for example, the programm does only estimate a unique global model without covariates.
    B) There is no computation of Life Expectancy nor Life Table.
    Revision 1.97  2004/02/20 13:25:42  lievre
    Version 0.96d. Population forecasting command line is (temporarily)
    suppressed.
    Revision 1.96  2003/07/15 15:38:55  brouard
    * imach.c (Repository): Errors in subdirf, 2, 3 while printing tmpout is
    rewritten within the same printf. Workaround: many printfs.
    Revision 1.95  2003/07/08 07:54:34  brouard
    * imach.c (Repository):
    (Repository): Using imachwizard code to output a more meaningful covariance
    matrix (cov(a12,c31) instead of numbers.
    Revision 1.94  2003/06/27 13:00:02  brouard
    Just cleaning
    Revision 1.93  2003/06/25 16:33:55  brouard
    (Module): On windows (cygwin) function asctime_r doesn't
    exist so I changed back to asctime which exists.
    (Module): Version 0.96b
    Revision 1.92  2003/06/25 16:30:45  brouard
    (Module): On windows (cygwin) function asctime_r doesn't
    exist so I changed back to asctime which exists.
    Revision 1.91  2003/06/25 15:30:29  brouard
    * imach.c (Repository): Duplicated warning errors corrected.
    (Repository): Elapsed time after each iteration is now output. It
    helps to forecast when convergence will be reached. Elapsed time
    is stamped in powell.  We created a new html file for the graphs
    concerning matrix of covariance. It has extension -cov.htm.
    Revision 1.90  2003/06/24 12:34:15  brouard
    (Module): Some bugs corrected for windows. Also, when
    mle=-1 a template is output in file "or"mypar.txt with the design
    of the covariance matrix to be input.
    Revision 1.89  2003/06/24 12:30:52  brouard
    (Module): Some bugs corrected for windows. Also, when
    mle=-1 a template is output in file "or"mypar.txt with the design
    of the covariance matrix to be input.
    Revision 1.88  2003/06/23 17:54:56  brouard
    * imach.c (Repository): Create a sub-directory where all the secondary files are. Only imach, htm, gp and r(imach) are on the main directory. Correct time and other things.
    Revision 1.87  2003/06/18 12:26:01  brouard
    Version 0.96
    Revision 1.86  2003/06/17 20:04:08  brouard
    (Module): Change position of html and gnuplot routines and added
    routine fileappend.
    Revision 1.85  2003/06/17 13:12:43  brouard
    * imach.c (Repository): Check when date of death was earlier that
    current date of interview. It may happen when the death was just
    prior to the death. In this case, dh was negative and likelihood
    was wrong (infinity). We still send an "Error" but patch by
    assuming that the date of death was just one stepm after the
    interview.
    (Repository): Because some people have very long ID (first column)
    we changed int to long in num[] and we added a new lvector for
    memory allocation. But we also truncated to 8 characters (left
    truncation)
    (Repository): No more line truncation errors.
    Revision 1.84  2003/06/13 21:44:43  brouard
    * imach.c (Repository): Replace "freqsummary" at a correct
    place. It differs from routine "prevalence" which may be called
    many times. Probs is memory consuming and must be used with
    parcimony.
    Version 0.95a3 (should output exactly the same maximization than 0.8a2)
    Revision 1.83  2003/06/10 13:39:11  lievre
    *** empty log message ***
    Revision 1.82  2003/06/05 15:57:20  brouard
    Add log in  imach.c and  fullversion number is now printed.
  */
  /*
     Interpolated Markov Chain
    Short summary of the programme:
    This program computes Healthy Life Expectancies from
    cross-longitudinal data. Cross-longitudinal data consist in: -1- a
    first survey ("cross") where individuals from different ages are
    interviewed on their health status or degree of disability (in the
    case of a health survey which is our main interest) -2- at least a
    second wave of interviews ("longitudinal") which measure each change
    (if any) in individual health status.  Health expectancies are
    computed from the time spent in each health state according to a
    model. More health states you consider, more time is necessary to reach the
    Maximum Likelihood of the parameters involved in the model.  The
    simplest model is the multinomial logistic model where pij is the
    probability to be observed in state j at the second wave
    conditional to be observed in state i at the first wave. Therefore
    the model is: log(pij/pii)= aij + bij*age+ cij*sex + etc , where
    'age' is age and 'sex' is a covariate. If you want to have a more
    complex model than "constant and age", you should modify the program
    where the markup *Covariates have to be included here again* invites
    you to do it.  More covariates you add, slower the
    convergence.
    The advantage of this computer programme, compared to a simple
    multinomial logistic model, is clear when the delay between waves is not
    identical for each individual. Also, if a individual missed an
    intermediate interview, the information is lost, but taken into
    account using an interpolation or extrapolation.
    hPijx is the probability to be observed in state i at age x+h
    conditional to the observed state i at age x. The delay 'h' can be
    split into an exact number (nh*stepm) of unobserved intermediate
    states. This elementary transition (by month, quarter,
    semester or year) is modelled as a multinomial logistic.  The hPx
    matrix is simply the matrix product of nh*stepm elementary matrices
    and the contribution of each individual to the likelihood is simply
    hPijx.
    Also this programme outputs the covariance matrix of the parameters but also
    of the life expectancies. It also computes the period (stable) prevalence.
-   Authors: Nicolas Brouard (brouard@ined.fr) and Agn�s Li�vre (lievre@ined.fr).
+   Authors: Nicolas Brouard (brouard@ined.fr) and Agnès Lièvre (lievre@ined.fr).
-            Institut national d'�tudes d�mographiques, Paris.
+            Institut national d'études démographiques, Paris.
    This software have been partly granted by Euro-REVES, a concerted action
    from the European Union.
    It is copyrighted identically to a GNU software product, ie programme and
    software can be distributed freely for non commercial use. Latest version
    can be accessed at http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach .
    Help to debug: LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/lib/libnjamd.so ./imach foo.imach
    or better on gdb : set env LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/lib/libnjamd.so
    **********************************************************************/
  /*
    main
    read parameterfile
    read datafile
    concatwav
    freqsummary
    if (mle >= 1)
      mlikeli
    print results files
    if mle==1
       computes hessian
    read end of parameter file: agemin, agemax, bage, fage, estepm
        begin-prev-date,...
    open gnuplot file
    open html file
    period (stable) prevalence
     for age prevalim()
    h Pij x
    variance of p varprob
    forecasting if prevfcast==1 prevforecast call prevalence()
    health expectancies
    Variance-covariance of DFLE
    prevalence()
     movingaverage()
    varevsij()
    if popbased==1 varevsij(,popbased)
    total life expectancies
    Variance of period (stable) prevalence
   end
  */
  #include <math.h>
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <string.h>
  #include <unistd.h>
  #include <limits.h>
  #include <sys/types.h>
  #include <sys/stat.h>
  #include <errno.h>
  extern int errno;
- /* #include <sys/time.h> */
+ #ifdef LINUX
  #include <time.h>
  #include "timeval.h"
+ #else
- /* #include <libintl.h> */
+ #include <sys/time.h>
- /* #define _(String) gettext (String) */
+ #endif
- #define MAXLINE 256
+ #ifdef GSL
+ #include <gsl/gsl_errno.h>
- #define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "gnuplot"
+ #include <gsl/gsl_multimin.h>
- /*#define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "..\\gp37mgw\\wgnuplot"*/
+ #endif
- #define FILENAMELENGTH 132
+ /* #include <libintl.h> */
- #define GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH              -1      /* empty path */
+ /* #define _(String) gettext (String) */
- #define GLOCK_ERROR_GETCWD              -2      /* cannot get cwd */
+ #define MAXLINE 1024 /* Was 256. Overflow with 312 with 2 states and 4 covariates. Should be ok */
- #define MAXPARM 30 /* Maximum number of parameters for the optimization */
- #define NPARMAX 64 /* (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel */
+ #define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "gnuplot"
+ /*#define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "..\\gp37mgw\\wgnuplot"*/
- #define NINTERVMAX 8
+ #define FILENAMELENGTH 132
- #define NLSTATEMAX 8 /* Maximum number of live states (for func) */
- #define NDEATHMAX 8 /* Maximum number of dead states (for func) */
+ #define GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH              -1      /* empty path */
- #define NCOVMAX 8 /* Maximum number of covariates */
+ #define GLOCK_ERROR_GETCWD              -2      /* cannot get cwd */
- #define MAXN 20000
- #define YEARM 12. /* Number of months per year */
+ #define MAXPARM 128 /* Maximum number of parameters for the optimization */
- #define AGESUP 130
+ #define NPARMAX 64 /* (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel */
- #define AGEBASE 40
- #define AGEGOMP 10. /* Minimal age for Gompertz adjustment */
+ #define NINTERVMAX 8
- #ifdef UNIX
+ #define NLSTATEMAX 8 /* Maximum number of live states (for func) */
- #define DIRSEPARATOR '/'
+ #define NDEATHMAX 8 /* Maximum number of dead states (for func) */
- #define CHARSEPARATOR "/"
+ #define NCOVMAX 20 /* Maximum number of covariates */
- #define ODIRSEPARATOR '\\'
+ #define MAXN 20000
- #else
+ #define YEARM 12. /* Number of months per year */
- #define DIRSEPARATOR '\\'
+ #define AGESUP 130
- #define CHARSEPARATOR "\\"
+ #define AGEBASE 40
- #define ODIRSEPARATOR '/'
+ #define AGEGOMP 10. /* Minimal age for Gompertz adjustment */
- #endif
+ #ifdef UNIX
+ #define DIRSEPARATOR '/'
- /* $Id$ */
+ #define CHARSEPARATOR "/"
- /* $State$ */
+ #define ODIRSEPARATOR '\\'
+ #else
- char version[]="Imach version 0.98g, March 2006, INED-EUROREVES-Institut de longevite ";
+ #define DIRSEPARATOR '\\'
- char fullversion[]="$Revision$ $Date$";
+ #define CHARSEPARATOR "\\"
- char strstart[80];
+ #define ODIRSEPARATOR '/'
- char optionfilext[10], optionfilefiname[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ #endif
- int erreur, nberr=0, nbwarn=0; /* Error number, number of errors number of warnings  */
- int nvar;
+ /* $Id$ */
- int cptcovn=0, cptcovage=0, cptcoveff=0,cptcov;
+ /* $State$ */
- int npar=NPARMAX;
- int nlstate=2; /* Number of live states */
+ char version[]="Imach version 0.98nR, January 2014,INED-EUROREVES-Institut de longevite-Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 25293121)";
- int ndeath=1; /* Number of dead states */
+ char fullversion[]="$Revision$ $Date$";
- int ncovmodel, ncovcol;     /* Total number of covariables including constant a12*1 +b12*x ncovmodel=2 */
+ char strstart[80];
- int popbased=0;
+ char optionfilext[10], optionfilefiname[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ int erreur=0, nberr=0, nbwarn=0; /* Error number, number of errors number of warnings  */
- int *wav; /* Number of waves for this individuual 0 is possible */
+ int nvar=0, nforce=0; /* Number of variables, number of forces */
- int maxwav; /* Maxim number of waves */
+ int cptcovn=0, cptcovage=0, cptcoveff=0,cptcov=0; /* Number of covariates, of covariates with '*age' */
- int jmin, jmax; /* min, max spacing between 2 waves */
+ int npar=NPARMAX;
- int ijmin, ijmax; /* Individuals having jmin and jmax */
+ int nlstate=2; /* Number of live states */
- int gipmx, gsw; /* Global variables on the number of contributions
+ int ndeath=1; /* Number of dead states */
-                    to the likelihood and the sum of weights (done by funcone)*/
+ int ncovmodel=0, ncovcol=0;     /* Total number of covariables including constant a12*1 +b12*x ncovmodel=2 */
- int mle, weightopt;
+ int popbased=0;
- int **mw; /* mw[mi][i] is number of the mi wave for this individual */
- int **dh; /* dh[mi][i] is number of steps between mi,mi+1 for this individual */
+ int *wav; /* Number of waves for this individuual 0 is possible */
- int **bh; /* bh[mi][i] is the bias (+ or -) for this individual if the delay between
+ int maxwav=0; /* Maxim number of waves */
-            * wave mi and wave mi+1 is not an exact multiple of stepm. */
+ int jmin=0, jmax=0; /* min, max spacing between 2 waves */
- double jmean; /* Mean space between 2 waves */
+ int ijmin=0, ijmax=0; /* Individuals having jmin and jmax */
- double **oldm, **newm, **savm; /* Working pointers to matrices */
+ int gipmx=0, gsw=0; /* Global variables on the number of contributions
- double **oldms, **newms, **savms; /* Fixed working pointers to matrices */
+                    to the likelihood and the sum of weights (done by funcone)*/
- FILE *fic,*ficpar, *ficparo,*ficres, *ficresp, *ficrespl, *ficrespij, *ficrest,*ficresf,*ficrespop;
+ int mle=1, weightopt=0;
- FILE *ficlog, *ficrespow;
+ int **mw; /* mw[mi][i] is number of the mi wave for this individual */
- int globpr; /* Global variable for printing or not */
+ int **dh; /* dh[mi][i] is number of steps between mi,mi+1 for this individual */
- double fretone; /* Only one call to likelihood */
+ int **bh; /* bh[mi][i] is the bias (+ or -) for this individual if the delay between
- long ipmx; /* Number of contributions */
+            * wave mi and wave mi+1 is not an exact multiple of stepm. */
- double sw; /* Sum of weights */
+ double jmean=1; /* Mean space between 2 waves */
- char filerespow[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ double **oldm, **newm, **savm; /* Working pointers to matrices */
- char fileresilk[FILENAMELENGTH]; /* File of individual contributions to the likelihood */
+ double **oldms, **newms, **savms; /* Fixed working pointers to matrices */
- FILE *ficresilk;
+ /*FILE *fic ; */ /* Used in readdata only */
- FILE *ficgp,*ficresprob,*ficpop, *ficresprobcov, *ficresprobcor;
+ FILE *ficpar, *ficparo,*ficres, *ficresp, *ficrespl, *ficrespij, *ficrest,*ficresf,*ficrespop;
- FILE *ficresprobmorprev;
+ FILE *ficlog, *ficrespow;
- FILE *fichtm, *fichtmcov; /* Html File */
+ int globpr=0; /* Global variable for printing or not */
- FILE *ficreseij;
+ double fretone; /* Only one call to likelihood */
- char filerese[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ long ipmx=0; /* Number of contributions */
- FILE *ficresstdeij;
+ double sw; /* Sum of weights */
- char fileresstde[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ char filerespow[FILENAMELENGTH];
- FILE *ficrescveij;
+ char fileresilk[FILENAMELENGTH]; /* File of individual contributions to the likelihood */
- char filerescve[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ FILE *ficresilk;
- FILE  *ficresvij;
+ FILE *ficgp,*ficresprob,*ficpop, *ficresprobcov, *ficresprobcor;
- char fileresv[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ FILE *ficresprobmorprev;
- FILE  *ficresvpl;
+ FILE *fichtm, *fichtmcov; /* Html File */
- char fileresvpl[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ FILE *ficreseij;
- char title[MAXLINE];
+ char filerese[FILENAMELENGTH];
- char optionfile[FILENAMELENGTH], datafile[FILENAMELENGTH],  filerespl[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ FILE *ficresstdeij;
- char plotcmd[FILENAMELENGTH], pplotcmd[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ char fileresstde[FILENAMELENGTH];
- char tmpout[FILENAMELENGTH],  tmpout2[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ FILE *ficrescveij;
- char command[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ char filerescve[FILENAMELENGTH];
- int  outcmd=0;
+ FILE  *ficresvij;
+ char fileresv[FILENAMELENGTH];
- char fileres[FILENAMELENGTH], filerespij[FILENAMELENGTH], filereso[FILENAMELENGTH], rfileres[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ FILE  *ficresvpl;
+ char fileresvpl[FILENAMELENGTH];
- char filelog[FILENAMELENGTH]; /* Log file */
+ char title[MAXLINE];
- char filerest[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ char optionfile[FILENAMELENGTH], datafile[FILENAMELENGTH],  filerespl[FILENAMELENGTH];
- char fileregp[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ char plotcmd[FILENAMELENGTH], pplotcmd[FILENAMELENGTH];
- char popfile[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ char tmpout[FILENAMELENGTH],  tmpout2[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ char command[FILENAMELENGTH];
- char optionfilegnuplot[FILENAMELENGTH], optionfilehtm[FILENAMELENGTH], optionfilehtmcov[FILENAMELENGTH] ;
+ int  outcmd=0;
- struct timeval start_time, end_time, curr_time, last_time, forecast_time;
+ char fileres[FILENAMELENGTH], filerespij[FILENAMELENGTH], filereso[FILENAMELENGTH], rfileres[FILENAMELENGTH];
- struct timezone tzp;
- extern int gettimeofday();
+ char filelog[FILENAMELENGTH]; /* Log file */
- struct tm tmg, tm, tmf, *gmtime(), *localtime();
+ char filerest[FILENAMELENGTH];
- long time_value;
+ char fileregp[FILENAMELENGTH];
- extern long time();
+ char popfile[FILENAMELENGTH];
- char strcurr[80], strfor[80];
+ char optionfilegnuplot[FILENAMELENGTH], optionfilehtm[FILENAMELENGTH], optionfilehtmcov[FILENAMELENGTH] ;
- char *endptr;
- long lval;
+ struct timeval start_time, end_time, curr_time, last_time, forecast_time;
- double dval;
+ struct timezone tzp;
+ extern int gettimeofday();
- #define NR_END 1
+ struct tm tmg, tm, tmf, *gmtime(), *localtime();
- #define FREE_ARG char*
+ long time_value;
- #define FTOL 1.0e-10
+ extern long time();
+ char strcurr[80], strfor[80];
- #define NRANSI
- #define ITMAX 200
+ char *endptr;
+ long lval;
- #define TOL 2.0e-4
+ double dval;
- #define CGOLD 0.3819660
+ #define NR_END 1
- #define ZEPS 1.0e-10
+ #define FREE_ARG char*
- #define SHFT(a,b,c,d) (a)=(b);(b)=(c);(c)=(d);
+ #define FTOL 1.0e-10
- #define GOLD 1.618034
+ #define NRANSI
- #define GLIMIT 100.0
+ #define ITMAX 200
- #define TINY 1.0e-20
+ #define TOL 2.0e-4
- static double maxarg1,maxarg2;
- #define FMAX(a,b) (maxarg1=(a),maxarg2=(b),(maxarg1)>(maxarg2)? (maxarg1):(maxarg2))
+ #define CGOLD 0.3819660
- #define FMIN(a,b) (maxarg1=(a),maxarg2=(b),(maxarg1)<(maxarg2)? (maxarg1):(maxarg2))
+ #define ZEPS 1.0e-10
+ #define SHFT(a,b,c,d) (a)=(b);(b)=(c);(c)=(d);
- #define SIGN(a,b) ((b)>0.0 ? fabs(a) : -fabs(a))
- #define rint(a) floor(a+0.5)
+ #define GOLD 1.618034
+ #define GLIMIT 100.0
- static double sqrarg;
+ #define TINY 1.0e-20
- #define SQR(a) ((sqrarg=(a)) == 0.0 ? 0.0 :sqrarg*sqrarg)
- #define SWAP(a,b) {temp=(a);(a)=(b);(b)=temp;}
+ static double maxarg1,maxarg2;
- int agegomp= AGEGOMP;
+ #define FMAX(a,b) (maxarg1=(a),maxarg2=(b),(maxarg1)>(maxarg2)? (maxarg1):(maxarg2))
+ #define FMIN(a,b) (maxarg1=(a),maxarg2=(b),(maxarg1)<(maxarg2)? (maxarg1):(maxarg2))
- int imx;
- int stepm=1;
+ #define SIGN(a,b) ((b)>0.0 ? fabs(a) : -fabs(a))
- /* Stepm, step in month: minimum step interpolation*/
+ #define rint(a) floor(a+0.5)
- int estepm;
+ static double sqrarg;
- /* Estepm, step in month to interpolate survival function in order to approximate Life Expectancy*/
+ #define SQR(a) ((sqrarg=(a)) == 0.0 ? 0.0 :sqrarg*sqrarg)
+ #define SWAP(a,b) {temp=(a);(a)=(b);(b)=temp;}
- int m,nb;
+ int agegomp= AGEGOMP;
- long *num;
- int firstpass=0, lastpass=4,*cod, *ncodemax, *Tage,*cens;
+ int imx;
- double **agev,*moisnais, *annais, *moisdc, *andc,**mint, **anint;
+ int stepm=1;
- double **pmmij, ***probs;
+ /* Stepm, step in month: minimum step interpolation*/
- double *ageexmed,*agecens;
- double dateintmean=0;
+ int estepm;
+ /* Estepm, step in month to interpolate survival function in order to approximate Life Expectancy*/
- double *weight;
- int **s; /* Status */
+ int m,nb;
- double *agedc, **covar, idx;
+ long *num;
- int **nbcode, *Tcode, *Tvar, **codtab, **Tvard, *Tprod, cptcovprod, *Tvaraff;
+ int firstpass=0, lastpass=4,*cod, *ncodemax, *Tage,*cens;
- double *lsurv, *lpop, *tpop;
+ double **agev,*moisnais, *annais, *moisdc, *andc,**mint, **anint;
+ double **pmmij, ***probs;
- double ftol=FTOL; /* Tolerance for computing Max Likelihood */
+ double *ageexmed,*agecens;
- double ftolhess; /* Tolerance for computing hessian */
+ double dateintmean=0;
- /**************** split *************************/
+ double *weight;
- static  int split( char *path, char *dirc, char *name, char *ext, char *finame )
+ int **s; /* Status */
- {
+ double *agedc;
-   /* From a file name with (full) path (either Unix or Windows) we extract the directory (dirc)
+ double  **covar; /**< covar[i,j], value of jth covariate for individual i,
-      the name of the file (name), its extension only (ext) and its first part of the name (finame)
+                   * covar=matrix(0,NCOVMAX,1,n);
-   */
+                   * cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2]; */
-   char  *ss;                            /* pointer */
+ double  idx;
-   int   l1, l2;                         /* length counters */
+ int **nbcode, *Tvar; /**< model=V2 => Tvar[1]= 2 */
+ int **codtab; /**< codtab=imatrix(1,100,1,10); */
-   l1 = strlen(path );                   /* length of path */
+ int **Tvard, *Tprod, cptcovprod, *Tvaraff;
-   if ( l1 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );
+ double *lsurv, *lpop, *tpop;
-   ss= strrchr( path, DIRSEPARATOR );            /* find last / */
-   if ( ss == NULL ) {                   /* no directory, so determine current directory */
+ double ftol=FTOL; /* Tolerance for computing Max Likelihood */
-     strcpy( name, path );               /* we got the fullname name because no directory */
+ double ftolhess; /* Tolerance for computing hessian */
-     /*if(strrchr(path, ODIRSEPARATOR )==NULL)
-       printf("Warning you should use %s as a separator\n",DIRSEPARATOR);*/
+ /**************** split *************************/
-     /* get current working directory */
+ static  int split( char *path, char *dirc, char *name, char *ext, char *finame )
-     /*    extern  char* getcwd ( char *buf , int len);*/
+ {
-     if ( getcwd( dirc, FILENAME_MAX ) == NULL ) {
+   /* From a file name with (full) path (either Unix or Windows) we extract the directory (dirc)
-       return( GLOCK_ERROR_GETCWD );
+      the name of the file (name), its extension only (ext) and its first part of the name (finame)
-     }
+   */
-     /* got dirc from getcwd*/
+   char  *ss;                            /* pointer */
-     printf(" DIRC = %s \n",dirc);
+   int   l1, l2;                         /* length counters */
-   } else {                              /* strip direcotry from path */
-     ss++;                               /* after this, the filename */
+   l1 = strlen(path );                   /* length of path */
-     l2 = strlen( ss );                  /* length of filename */
+   if ( l1 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );
-     if ( l2 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );
+   ss= strrchr( path, DIRSEPARATOR );            /* find last / */
-     strcpy( name, ss );         /* save file name */
+   if ( ss == NULL ) {                   /* no directory, so determine current directory */
-     strncpy( dirc, path, l1 - l2 );     /* now the directory */
+     strcpy( name, path );               /* we got the fullname name because no directory */
-     dirc[l1-l2] = 0;                    /* add zero */
+     /*if(strrchr(path, ODIRSEPARATOR )==NULL)
-     printf(" DIRC2 = %s \n",dirc);
+       printf("Warning you should use %s as a separator\n",DIRSEPARATOR);*/
-   }
+     /* get current working directory */
-   /* We add a separator at the end of dirc if not exists */
+     /*    extern  char* getcwd ( char *buf , int len);*/
-   l1 = strlen( dirc );                  /* length of directory */
+     if ( getcwd( dirc, FILENAME_MAX ) == NULL ) {
-   if( dirc[l1-1] != DIRSEPARATOR ){
+       return( GLOCK_ERROR_GETCWD );
-     dirc[l1] =  DIRSEPARATOR;
+     }
-     dirc[l1+1] = 0;
+     /* got dirc from getcwd*/
-     printf(" DIRC3 = %s \n",dirc);
+     printf(" DIRC = %s \n",dirc);
-   }
+   } else {                              /* strip direcotry from path */
-   ss = strrchr( name, '.' );            /* find last / */
+     ss++;                               /* after this, the filename */
-   if (ss >0){
+     l2 = strlen( ss );                  /* length of filename */
-     ss++;
+     if ( l2 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );
-     strcpy(ext,ss);                     /* save extension */
+     strcpy( name, ss );         /* save file name */
-     l1= strlen( name);
+     strncpy( dirc, path, l1 - l2 );     /* now the directory */
-     l2= strlen(ss)+1;
+     dirc[l1-l2] = 0;                    /* add zero */
-     strncpy( finame, name, l1-l2);
+     printf(" DIRC2 = %s \n",dirc);
-     finame[l1-l2]= 0;
+   }
-   }
+   /* We add a separator at the end of dirc if not exists */
+   l1 = strlen( dirc );                  /* length of directory */
-   return( 0 );                          /* we're done */
+   if( dirc[l1-1] != DIRSEPARATOR ){
- }
+     dirc[l1] =  DIRSEPARATOR;
+     dirc[l1+1] = 0;
+     printf(" DIRC3 = %s \n",dirc);
- /******************************************/
+   }
+   ss = strrchr( name, '.' );            /* find last / */
- void replace_back_to_slash(char *s, char*t)
+   if (ss >0){
- {
+     ss++;
-   int i;
+     strcpy(ext,ss);                     /* save extension */
-   int lg=0;
+     l1= strlen( name);
-   i=0;
+     l2= strlen(ss)+1;
-   lg=strlen(t);
+     strncpy( finame, name, l1-l2);
-   for(i=0; i<= lg; i++) {
+     finame[l1-l2]= 0;
-     (s[i] = t[i]);
+   }
-     if (t[i]== '\\') s[i]='/';
-   }
+   return( 0 );                          /* we're done */
  }
- int nbocc(char *s, char occ)
- {
+ /******************************************/
-   int i,j=0;
-   int lg=20;
+ void replace_back_to_slash(char *s, char*t)
-   i=0;
+ {
-   lg=strlen(s);
+   int i;
-   for(i=0; i<= lg; i++) {
+   int lg=0;
-   if  (s[i] == occ ) j++;
+   i=0;
-   }
+   lg=strlen(t);
-   return j;
+   for(i=0; i<= lg; i++) {
- }
+     (s[i] = t[i]);
+     if (t[i]== '\\') s[i]='/';
- void cutv(char *u,char *v, char*t, char occ)
+   }
- {
+ }
-   /* cuts string t into u and v where u ends before first occurence of char 'occ'
-      and v starts after first occurence of char 'occ' : ex cutv(u,v,"abcdef2ghi2j",'2')
+ char *trimbb(char *out, char *in)
-      gives u="abcedf" and v="ghi2j" */
+ { /* Trim multiple blanks in line but keeps first blanks if line starts with blanks */
-   int i,lg,j,p=0;
+   char *s;
-   i=0;
+   s=out;
-   for(j=0; j<=strlen(t)-1; j++) {
+   while (*in != '\0'){
-     if((t[j]!= occ) && (t[j+1]== occ)) p=j+1;
+     while( *in == ' ' && *(in+1) == ' '){ /* && *(in+1) != '\0'){*/
-   }
+       in++;
+     }
-   lg=strlen(t);
+     *out++ = *in++;
-   for(j=0; j<p; j++) {
+   }
-     (u[j] = t[j]);
+   *out='\0';
-   }
+   return s;
-      u[p]='\0';
+ }
-    for(j=0; j<= lg; j++) {
+ char *cutv(char *blocc, char *alocc, char *in, char occ)
-     if (j>=(p+1))(v[j-p-1] = t[j]);
+ {
-   }
+   /* cuts string in into blocc and alocc where blocc ends before last occurence of char 'occ'
- }
+      and alocc starts after last occurence of char 'occ' : ex cutv(blocc,alocc,"abcdef2ghi2j",'2')
+      gives blocc="abcdef2ghi" and alocc="j".
- /********************** nrerror ********************/
+      If occ is not found blocc is null and alocc is equal to in. Returns alocc
+   */
- void nrerror(char error_text[])
+   char *s, *t;
- {
+   t=in;s=in;
-   fprintf(stderr,"ERREUR ...\n");
+   while (*in != '\0'){
-   fprintf(stderr,"%s\n",error_text);
+     while( *in == occ){
-   exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+       *blocc++ = *in++;
- }
+       s=in;
- /*********************** vector *******************/
+     }
- double *vector(int nl, int nh)
+     *blocc++ = *in++;
- {
+   }
-   double *v;
+   if (s == t) /* occ not found */
-   v=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
+     *(blocc-(in-s))='\0';
-   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in vector");
+   else
-   return v-nl+NR_END;
+     *(blocc-(in-s)-1)='\0';
- }
+   in=s;
+   while ( *in != '\0'){
- /************************ free vector ******************/
+     *alocc++ = *in++;
- void free_vector(double*v, int nl, int nh)
+   }
- {
-   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
+   *alocc='\0';
- }
+   return s;
+ }
- /************************ivector *******************************/
- int *ivector(long nl,long nh)
+ int nbocc(char *s, char occ)
  {
-   int *v;
+   int i,j=0;
-   v=(int *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(int)));
+   int lg=20;
-   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in ivector");
+   i=0;
-   return v-nl+NR_END;
+   lg=strlen(s);
- }
+   for(i=0; i<= lg; i++) {
+   if  (s[i] == occ ) j++;
- /******************free ivector **************************/
+   }
- void free_ivector(int *v, long nl, long nh)
+   return j;
- {
+ }
-   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
- }
+ /* void cutv(char *u,char *v, char*t, char occ) */
+ /* { */
- /************************lvector *******************************/
+ /*   /\* cuts string t into u and v where u ends before last occurence of char 'occ'  */
- long *lvector(long nl,long nh)
+ /*      and v starts after last occurence of char 'occ' : ex cutv(u,v,"abcdef2ghi2j",'2') */
- {
+ /*      gives u="abcdef2ghi" and v="j" *\/ */
-   long *v;
+ /*   int i,lg,j,p=0; */
-   v=(long *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(long)));
+ /*   i=0; */
-   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in ivector");
+ /*   lg=strlen(t); */
-   return v-nl+NR_END;
+ /*   for(j=0; j<=lg-1; j++) { */
- }
+ /*     if((t[j]!= occ) && (t[j+1]== occ)) p=j+1; */
+ /*   } */
- /******************free lvector **************************/
- void free_lvector(long *v, long nl, long nh)
+ /*   for(j=0; j<p; j++) { */
- {
+ /*     (u[j] = t[j]); */
-   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
+ /*   } */
- }
+ /*      u[p]='\0'; */
- /******************* imatrix *******************************/
+ /*    for(j=0; j<= lg; j++) { */
- int **imatrix(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)
+ /*     if (j>=(p+1))(v[j-p-1] = t[j]); */
-      /* allocate a int matrix with subscript range m[nrl..nrh][ncl..nch] */
+ /*   } */
- {
+ /* } */
-   long i, nrow=nrh-nrl+1,ncol=nch-ncl+1;
-   int **m;
+ /********************** nrerror ********************/
-   /* allocate pointers to rows */
+ void nrerror(char error_text[])
-   m=(int **) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(int*)));
+ {
-   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");
+   fprintf(stderr,"ERREUR ...\n");
-   m += NR_END;
+   fprintf(stderr,"%s\n",error_text);
-   m -= nrl;
+   exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+ }
+ /*********************** vector *******************/
-   /* allocate rows and set pointers to them */
+ double *vector(int nl, int nh)
-   m[nrl]=(int *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(int)));
+ {
-   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");
+   double *v;
-   m[nrl] += NR_END;
+   v=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
-   m[nrl] -= ncl;
+   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in vector");
+   return v-nl+NR_END;
-   for(i=nrl+1;i<=nrh;i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;
+ }
-   /* return pointer to array of pointers to rows */
+ /************************ free vector ******************/
-   return m;
+ void free_vector(double*v, int nl, int nh)
- }
+ {
+   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
- /****************** free_imatrix *************************/
+ }
- void free_imatrix(m,nrl,nrh,ncl,nch)
-       int **m;
+ /************************ivector *******************************/
-       long nch,ncl,nrh,nrl;
+ int *ivector(long nl,long nh)
-      /* free an int matrix allocated by imatrix() */
+ {
- {
+   int *v;
-   free((FREE_ARG) (m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));
+   v=(int *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(int)));
-   free((FREE_ARG) (m+nrl-NR_END));
+   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in ivector");
- }
+   return v-nl+NR_END;
+ }
- /******************* matrix *******************************/
- double **matrix(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)
+ /******************free ivector **************************/
- {
+ void free_ivector(int *v, long nl, long nh)
-   long i, nrow=nrh-nrl+1, ncol=nch-ncl+1;
+ {
-   double **m;
+   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
+ }
-   m=(double **) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(double*)));
-   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");
+ /************************lvector *******************************/
-   m += NR_END;
+ long *lvector(long nl,long nh)
-   m -= nrl;
+ {
+   long *v;
-   m[nrl]=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
+   v=(long *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(long)));
-   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");
+   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in ivector");
-   m[nrl] += NR_END;
+   return v-nl+NR_END;
-   m[nrl] -= ncl;
+ }
-   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;
+ /******************free lvector **************************/
-   return m;
+ void free_lvector(long *v, long nl, long nh)
-   /* print *(*(m+1)+70) or print m[1][70]; print m+1 or print &(m[1])
+ {
-    */
+   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
  }
- /*************************free matrix ************************/
+ /******************* imatrix *******************************/
- void free_matrix(double **m, long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)
+ int **imatrix(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)
- {
+      /* allocate a int matrix with subscript range m[nrl..nrh][ncl..nch] */
-   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));
+ {
-   free((FREE_ARG)(m+nrl-NR_END));
+   long i, nrow=nrh-nrl+1,ncol=nch-ncl+1;
- }
+   int **m;
- /******************* ma3x *******************************/
+   /* allocate pointers to rows */
- double ***ma3x(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch, long nll, long nlh)
+   m=(int **) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(int*)));
- {
+   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");
-   long i, j, nrow=nrh-nrl+1, ncol=nch-ncl+1, nlay=nlh-nll+1;
+   m += NR_END;
-   double ***m;
+   m -= nrl;
-   m=(double ***) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(double*)));
-   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");
+   /* allocate rows and set pointers to them */
-   m += NR_END;
+   m[nrl]=(int *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(int)));
-   m -= nrl;
+   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");
+   m[nrl] += NR_END;
-   m[nrl]=(double **) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
+   m[nrl] -= ncl;
-   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");
-   m[nrl] += NR_END;
+   for(i=nrl+1;i<=nrh;i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;
-   m[nrl] -= ncl;
+   /* return pointer to array of pointers to rows */
-   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;
+   return m;
+ }
-   m[nrl][ncl]=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol*nlay+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
-   if (!m[nrl][ncl]) nrerror("allocation failure 3 in matrix()");
+ /****************** free_imatrix *************************/
-   m[nrl][ncl] += NR_END;
+ void free_imatrix(m,nrl,nrh,ncl,nch)
-   m[nrl][ncl] -= nll;
+       int **m;
-   for (j=ncl+1; j<=nch; j++)
+       long nch,ncl,nrh,nrl;
-     m[nrl][j]=m[nrl][j-1]+nlay;
+      /* free an int matrix allocated by imatrix() */
+ {
-   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) {
+   free((FREE_ARG) (m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));
-     m[i][ncl]=m[i-1l][ncl]+ncol*nlay;
+   free((FREE_ARG) (m+nrl-NR_END));
-     for (j=ncl+1; j<=nch; j++)
+ }
-       m[i][j]=m[i][j-1]+nlay;
-   }
+ /******************* matrix *******************************/
-   return m;
+ double **matrix(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)
-   /*  gdb: p *(m+1) <=> p m[1] and p (m+1) <=> p (m+1) <=> p &(m[1])
+ {
-            &(m[i][j][k]) <=> *((*(m+i) + j)+k)
+   long i, nrow=nrh-nrl+1, ncol=nch-ncl+1;
-   */
+   double **m;
- }
+   m=(double **) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(double*)));
- /*************************free ma3x ************************/
+   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");
- void free_ma3x(double ***m, long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch,long nll, long nlh)
+   m += NR_END;
- {
+   m -= nrl;
-   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl][ncl]+ nll-NR_END));
-   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));
+   m[nrl]=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
-   free((FREE_ARG)(m+nrl-NR_END));
+   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");
- }
+   m[nrl] += NR_END;
+   m[nrl] -= ncl;
- /*************** function subdirf ***********/
- char *subdirf(char fileres[])
+   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;
- {
+   return m;
-   /* Caution optionfilefiname is hidden */
+   /* print *(*(m+1)+70) or print m[1][70]; print m+1 or print &(m[1])
-   strcpy(tmpout,optionfilefiname);
+    */
-   strcat(tmpout,"/"); /* Add to the right */
+ }
-   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
-   return tmpout;
+ /*************************free matrix ************************/
- }
+ void free_matrix(double **m, long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)
+ {
- /*************** function subdirf2 ***********/
+   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));
- char *subdirf2(char fileres[], char *preop)
+   free((FREE_ARG)(m+nrl-NR_END));
- {
+ }
-   /* Caution optionfilefiname is hidden */
+ /******************* ma3x *******************************/
-   strcpy(tmpout,optionfilefiname);
+ double ***ma3x(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch, long nll, long nlh)
-   strcat(tmpout,"/");
+ {
-   strcat(tmpout,preop);
+   long i, j, nrow=nrh-nrl+1, ncol=nch-ncl+1, nlay=nlh-nll+1;
-   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
+   double ***m;
-   return tmpout;
- }
+   m=(double ***) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(double*)));
+   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");
- /*************** function subdirf3 ***********/
+   m += NR_END;
- char *subdirf3(char fileres[], char *preop, char *preop2)
+   m -= nrl;
- {
+   m[nrl]=(double **) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
-   /* Caution optionfilefiname is hidden */
+   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");
-   strcpy(tmpout,optionfilefiname);
+   m[nrl] += NR_END;
-   strcat(tmpout,"/");
+   m[nrl] -= ncl;
-   strcat(tmpout,preop);
-   strcat(tmpout,preop2);
+   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;
-   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
-   return tmpout;
+   m[nrl][ncl]=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol*nlay+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
- }
+   if (!m[nrl][ncl]) nrerror("allocation failure 3 in matrix()");
+   m[nrl][ncl] += NR_END;
- /***************** f1dim *************************/
+   m[nrl][ncl] -= nll;
- extern int ncom;
+   for (j=ncl+1; j<=nch; j++)
- extern double *pcom,*xicom;
+     m[nrl][j]=m[nrl][j-1]+nlay;
- extern double (*nrfunc)(double []);
+   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) {
- double f1dim(double x)
+     m[i][ncl]=m[i-1l][ncl]+ncol*nlay;
- {
+     for (j=ncl+1; j<=nch; j++)
-   int j;
+       m[i][j]=m[i][j-1]+nlay;
-   double f;
+   }
-   double *xt;
+   return m;
+   /*  gdb: p *(m+1) <=> p m[1] and p (m+1) <=> p (m+1) <=> p &(m[1])
-   xt=vector(1,ncom);
+            &(m[i][j][k]) <=> *((*(m+i) + j)+k)
-   for (j=1;j<=ncom;j++) xt[j]=pcom[j]+x*xicom[j];
+   */
-   f=(*nrfunc)(xt);
+ }
-   free_vector(xt,1,ncom);
-   return f;
+ /*************************free ma3x ************************/
- }
+ void free_ma3x(double ***m, long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch,long nll, long nlh)
+ {
- /*****************brent *************************/
+   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl][ncl]+ nll-NR_END));
- double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx, double (*f)(double), double tol,  double *xmin)
+   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));
- {
+   free((FREE_ARG)(m+nrl-NR_END));
-   int iter;
+ }
-   double a,b,d,etemp;
-   double fu,fv,fw,fx;
+ /*************** function subdirf ***********/
-   double ftemp;
+ char *subdirf(char fileres[])
-   double p,q,r,tol1,tol2,u,v,w,x,xm;
+ {
-   double e=0.0;
+   /* Caution optionfilefiname is hidden */
+   strcpy(tmpout,optionfilefiname);
-   a=(ax < cx ? ax : cx);
+   strcat(tmpout,"/"); /* Add to the right */
-   b=(ax > cx ? ax : cx);
+   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
-   x=w=v=bx;
+   return tmpout;
-   fw=fv=fx=(*f)(x);
+ }
-   for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) {
-     xm=0.5*(a+b);
+ /*************** function subdirf2 ***********/
-     tol2=2.0*(tol1=tol*fabs(x)+ZEPS);
+ char *subdirf2(char fileres[], char *preop)
-     /*          if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret)))*/
+ {
-     printf(".");fflush(stdout);
-     fprintf(ficlog,".");fflush(ficlog);
+   /* Caution optionfilefiname is hidden */
- #ifdef DEBUG
+   strcpy(tmpout,optionfilefiname);
-     printf("br %d,x=%.10e xm=%.10e b=%.10e a=%.10e tol=%.10e tol1=%.10e tol2=%.10e x-xm=%.10e fx=%.12e fu=%.12e,fw=%.12e,ftemp=%.12e,ftol=%.12e\n",iter,x,xm,b,a,tol,tol1,tol2,(x-xm),fx,fu,fw,ftemp,ftol);
+   strcat(tmpout,"/");
-     fprintf(ficlog,"br %d,x=%.10e xm=%.10e b=%.10e a=%.10e tol=%.10e tol1=%.10e tol2=%.10e x-xm=%.10e fx=%.12e fu=%.12e,fw=%.12e,ftemp=%.12e,ftol=%.12e\n",iter,x,xm,b,a,tol,tol1,tol2,(x-xm),fx,fu,fw,ftemp,ftol);
+   strcat(tmpout,preop);
-     /*          if ((fabs(x-xm) <= (tol2-0.5*(b-a)))||(2.0*fabs(fu-ftemp) <= ftol*1.e-2*(fabs(fu)+fabs(ftemp)))) { */
+   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
- #endif
+   return tmpout;
-     if (fabs(x-xm) <= (tol2-0.5*(b-a))){
+ }
-       *xmin=x;
-       return fx;
+ /*************** function subdirf3 ***********/
-     }
+ char *subdirf3(char fileres[], char *preop, char *preop2)
-     ftemp=fu;
+ {
-     if (fabs(e) > tol1) {
-       r=(x-w)*(fx-fv);
+   /* Caution optionfilefiname is hidden */
-       q=(x-v)*(fx-fw);
+   strcpy(tmpout,optionfilefiname);
-       p=(x-v)*q-(x-w)*r;
+   strcat(tmpout,"/");
-       q=2.0*(q-r);
+   strcat(tmpout,preop);
-       if (q > 0.0) p = -p;
+   strcat(tmpout,preop2);
-       q=fabs(q);
+   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
-       etemp=e;
+   return tmpout;
-       e=d;
+ }
-       if (fabs(p) >= fabs(0.5*q*etemp) || p <= q*(a-x) || p >= q*(b-x))
-         d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x));
+ /***************** f1dim *************************/
-       else {
+ extern int ncom;
-         d=p/q;
+ extern double *pcom,*xicom;
-         u=x+d;
+ extern double (*nrfunc)(double []);
-         if (u-a < tol2 || b-u < tol2)
-           d=SIGN(tol1,xm-x);
+ double f1dim(double x)
-       }
+ {
-     } else {
+   int j;
-       d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x));
+   double f;
-     }
+   double *xt;
-     u=(fabs(d) >= tol1 ? x+d : x+SIGN(tol1,d));
-     fu=(*f)(u);
+   xt=vector(1,ncom);
-     if (fu <= fx) {
+   for (j=1;j<=ncom;j++) xt[j]=pcom[j]+x*xicom[j];
-       if (u >= x) a=x; else b=x;
+   f=(*nrfunc)(xt);
-       SHFT(v,w,x,u)
+   free_vector(xt,1,ncom);
-         SHFT(fv,fw,fx,fu)
+   return f;
-         } else {
+ }
-           if (u < x) a=u; else b=u;
-           if (fu <= fw || w == x) {
+ /*****************brent *************************/
-             v=w;
+ double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx, double (*f)(double), double tol,  double *xmin)
-             w=u;
+ {
-             fv=fw;
+   int iter;
-             fw=fu;
+   double a,b,d,etemp;
-           } else if (fu <= fv || v == x || v == w) {
+   double fu,fv,fw,fx;
-             v=u;
+   double ftemp;
-             fv=fu;
+   double p,q,r,tol1,tol2,u,v,w,x,xm;
-           }
+   double e=0.0;
-         }
-   }
+   a=(ax < cx ? ax : cx);
-   nrerror("Too many iterations in brent");
+   b=(ax > cx ? ax : cx);
-   *xmin=x;
+   x=w=v=bx;
-   return fx;
+   fw=fv=fx=(*f)(x);
- }
+   for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) {
+     xm=0.5*(a+b);
- /****************** mnbrak ***********************/
+     tol2=2.0*(tol1=tol*fabs(x)+ZEPS);
+     /*          if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret)))*/
- void mnbrak(double *ax, double *bx, double *cx, double *fa, double *fb, double *fc,
+     printf(".");fflush(stdout);
-             double (*func)(double))
+     fprintf(ficlog,".");fflush(ficlog);
- {
+ #ifdef DEBUG
-   double ulim,u,r,q, dum;
+     printf("br %d,x=%.10e xm=%.10e b=%.10e a=%.10e tol=%.10e tol1=%.10e tol2=%.10e x-xm=%.10e fx=%.12e fu=%.12e,fw=%.12e,ftemp=%.12e,ftol=%.12e\n",iter,x,xm,b,a,tol,tol1,tol2,(x-xm),fx,fu,fw,ftemp,ftol);
-   double fu;
+     fprintf(ficlog,"br %d,x=%.10e xm=%.10e b=%.10e a=%.10e tol=%.10e tol1=%.10e tol2=%.10e x-xm=%.10e fx=%.12e fu=%.12e,fw=%.12e,ftemp=%.12e,ftol=%.12e\n",iter,x,xm,b,a,tol,tol1,tol2,(x-xm),fx,fu,fw,ftemp,ftol);
+     /*          if ((fabs(x-xm) <= (tol2-0.5*(b-a)))||(2.0*fabs(fu-ftemp) <= ftol*1.e-2*(fabs(fu)+fabs(ftemp)))) { */
-   *fa=(*func)(*ax);
+ #endif
-   *fb=(*func)(*bx);
+     if (fabs(x-xm) <= (tol2-0.5*(b-a))){
-   if (*fb > *fa) {
+       *xmin=x;
-     SHFT(dum,*ax,*bx,dum)
+       return fx;
-       SHFT(dum,*fb,*fa,dum)
+     }
-       }
+     ftemp=fu;
-   *cx=(*bx)+GOLD*(*bx-*ax);
+     if (fabs(e) > tol1) {
-   *fc=(*func)(*cx);
+       r=(x-w)*(fx-fv);
-   while (*fb > *fc) {
+       q=(x-v)*(fx-fw);
-     r=(*bx-*ax)*(*fb-*fc);
+       p=(x-v)*q-(x-w)*r;
-     q=(*bx-*cx)*(*fb-*fa);
+       q=2.0*(q-r);
-     u=(*bx)-((*bx-*cx)*q-(*bx-*ax)*r)/
+       if (q > 0.0) p = -p;
-       (2.0*SIGN(FMAX(fabs(q-r),TINY),q-r));
+       q=fabs(q);
-     ulim=(*bx)+GLIMIT*(*cx-*bx);
+       etemp=e;
-     if ((*bx-u)*(u-*cx) > 0.0) {
+       e=d;
-       fu=(*func)(u);
+       if (fabs(p) >= fabs(0.5*q*etemp) || p <= q*(a-x) || p >= q*(b-x))
-     } else if ((*cx-u)*(u-ulim) > 0.0) {
+         d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x));
-       fu=(*func)(u);
+       else {
-       if (fu < *fc) {
+         d=p/q;
-         SHFT(*bx,*cx,u,*cx+GOLD*(*cx-*bx))
+         u=x+d;
-           SHFT(*fb,*fc,fu,(*func)(u))
+         if (u-a < tol2 || b-u < tol2)
-           }
+           d=SIGN(tol1,xm-x);
-     } else if ((u-ulim)*(ulim-*cx) >= 0.0) {
+       }
-       u=ulim;
+     } else {
-       fu=(*func)(u);
+       d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x));
-     } else {
+     }
-       u=(*cx)+GOLD*(*cx-*bx);
+     u=(fabs(d) >= tol1 ? x+d : x+SIGN(tol1,d));
-       fu=(*func)(u);
+     fu=(*f)(u);
-     }
+     if (fu <= fx) {
-     SHFT(*ax,*bx,*cx,u)
+       if (u >= x) a=x; else b=x;
-       SHFT(*fa,*fb,*fc,fu)
+       SHFT(v,w,x,u)
-       }
+         SHFT(fv,fw,fx,fu)
- }
+         } else {
+           if (u < x) a=u; else b=u;
- /*************** linmin ************************/
+           if (fu <= fw || w == x) {
+             v=w;
- int ncom;
+             w=u;
- double *pcom,*xicom;
+             fv=fw;
- double (*nrfunc)(double []);
+             fw=fu;
+           } else if (fu <= fv || v == x || v == w) {
- void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,double (*func)(double []))
+             v=u;
- {
+             fv=fu;
-   double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx,
+           }
-                double (*f)(double), double tol, double *xmin);
+         }
-   double f1dim(double x);
+   }
-   void mnbrak(double *ax, double *bx, double *cx, double *fa, double *fb,
+   nrerror("Too many iterations in brent");
-               double *fc, double (*func)(double));
+   *xmin=x;
-   int j;
+   return fx;
-   double xx,xmin,bx,ax;
+ }
-   double fx,fb,fa;
+ /****************** mnbrak ***********************/
-   ncom=n;
-   pcom=vector(1,n);
+ void mnbrak(double *ax, double *bx, double *cx, double *fa, double *fb, double *fc,
-   xicom=vector(1,n);
+             double (*func)(double))
-   nrfunc=func;
+ {
-   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+   double ulim,u,r,q, dum;
-     pcom[j]=p[j];
+   double fu;
-     xicom[j]=xi[j];
-   }
+   *fa=(*func)(*ax);
-   ax=0.0;
+   *fb=(*func)(*bx);
-   xx=1.0;
+   if (*fb > *fa) {
-   mnbrak(&ax,&xx,&bx,&fa,&fx,&fb,f1dim);
+     SHFT(dum,*ax,*bx,dum)
-   *fret=brent(ax,xx,bx,f1dim,TOL,&xmin);
+       SHFT(dum,*fb,*fa,dum)
- #ifdef DEBUG
+       }
-   printf("retour brent fret=%.12e xmin=%.12e\n",*fret,xmin);
+   *cx=(*bx)+GOLD*(*bx-*ax);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"retour brent fret=%.12e xmin=%.12e\n",*fret,xmin);
+   *fc=(*func)(*cx);
- #endif
+   while (*fb > *fc) {
-   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+     r=(*bx-*ax)*(*fb-*fc);
-     xi[j] *= xmin;
+     q=(*bx-*cx)*(*fb-*fa);
-     p[j] += xi[j];
+     u=(*bx)-((*bx-*cx)*q-(*bx-*ax)*r)/
-   }
+       (2.0*SIGN(FMAX(fabs(q-r),TINY),q-r));
-   free_vector(xicom,1,n);
+     ulim=(*bx)+GLIMIT*(*cx-*bx);
-   free_vector(pcom,1,n);
+     if ((*bx-u)*(u-*cx) > 0.0) {
- }
+       fu=(*func)(u);
+     } else if ((*cx-u)*(u-ulim) > 0.0) {
- char *asc_diff_time(long time_sec, char ascdiff[])
+       fu=(*func)(u);
- {
+       if (fu < *fc) {
-   long sec_left, days, hours, minutes;
+         SHFT(*bx,*cx,u,*cx+GOLD*(*cx-*bx))
-   days = (time_sec) / (60*60*24);
+           SHFT(*fb,*fc,fu,(*func)(u))
-   sec_left = (time_sec) % (60*60*24);
+           }
-   hours = (sec_left) / (60*60) ;
+     } else if ((u-ulim)*(ulim-*cx) >= 0.0) {
-   sec_left = (sec_left) %(60*60);
+       u=ulim;
-   minutes = (sec_left) /60;
+       fu=(*func)(u);
-   sec_left = (sec_left) % (60);
+     } else {
-   sprintf(ascdiff,"%d day(s) %d hour(s) %d minute(s) %d second(s)",days, hours, minutes, sec_left);
+       u=(*cx)+GOLD*(*cx-*bx);
-   return ascdiff;
+       fu=(*func)(u);
- }
+     }
+     SHFT(*ax,*bx,*cx,u)
- /*************** powell ************************/
+       SHFT(*fa,*fb,*fc,fu)
- void powell(double p[], double **xi, int n, double ftol, int *iter, double *fret,
+       }
-             double (*func)(double []))
+ }
- {
-   void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,
+ /*************** linmin ************************/
-               double (*func)(double []));
-   int i,ibig,j;
+ int ncom;
-   double del,t,*pt,*ptt,*xit;
+ double *pcom,*xicom;
-   double fp,fptt;
+ double (*nrfunc)(double []);
-   double *xits;
-   int niterf, itmp;
+ void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,double (*func)(double []))
+ {
-   pt=vector(1,n);
+   double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx,
-   ptt=vector(1,n);
+                double (*f)(double), double tol, double *xmin);
-   xit=vector(1,n);
+   double f1dim(double x);
-   xits=vector(1,n);
+   void mnbrak(double *ax, double *bx, double *cx, double *fa, double *fb,
-   *fret=(*func)(p);
+               double *fc, double (*func)(double));
-   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) pt[j]=p[j];
+   int j;
-   for (*iter=1;;++(*iter)) {
+   double xx,xmin,bx,ax;
-     fp=(*fret);
+   double fx,fb,fa;
-     ibig=0;
-     del=0.0;
+   ncom=n;
-     last_time=curr_time;
+   pcom=vector(1,n);
-     (void) gettimeofday(&curr_time,&tzp);
+   xicom=vector(1,n);
-     printf("\nPowell iter=%d -2*LL=%.12f %ld sec. %ld sec.",*iter,*fret, curr_time.tv_sec-last_time.tv_sec, curr_time.tv_sec-start_time.tv_sec);fflush(stdout);
+   nrfunc=func;
-     fprintf(ficlog,"\nPowell iter=%d -2*LL=%.12f %ld sec. %ld sec.",*iter,*fret, curr_time.tv_sec-last_time.tv_sec, curr_time.tv_sec-start_time.tv_sec); fflush(ficlog);
+   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
- /*     fprintf(ficrespow,"%d %.12f %ld",*iter,*fret,curr_time.tv_sec-start_time.tv_sec); */
+     pcom[j]=p[j];
-    for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {
+     xicom[j]=xi[j];
-       printf(" %d %.12f",i, p[i]);
+   }
-       fprintf(ficlog," %d %.12lf",i, p[i]);
+   ax=0.0;
-       fprintf(ficrespow," %.12lf", p[i]);
+   xx=1.0;
-     }
+   mnbrak(&ax,&xx,&bx,&fa,&fx,&fb,f1dim);
-     printf("\n");
+   *fret=brent(ax,xx,bx,f1dim,TOL,&xmin);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+ #ifdef DEBUG
-     fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");fflush(ficrespow);
+   printf("retour brent fret=%.12e xmin=%.12e\n",*fret,xmin);
-     if(*iter <=3){
+   fprintf(ficlog,"retour brent fret=%.12e xmin=%.12e\n",*fret,xmin);
-       tm = *localtime(&curr_time.tv_sec);
+ #endif
-       strcpy(strcurr,asctime(&tm));
+   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
- /*       asctime_r(&tm,strcurr); */
+     xi[j] *= xmin;
-       forecast_time=curr_time;
+     p[j] += xi[j];
-       itmp = strlen(strcurr);
+   }
-       if(strcurr[itmp-1]=='\n')  /* Windows outputs with a new line */
+   free_vector(xicom,1,n);
-         strcurr[itmp-1]='\0';
+   free_vector(pcom,1,n);
-       printf("\nConsidering the time needed for this last iteration #%d: %ld seconds,\n",*iter,curr_time.tv_sec-last_time.tv_sec);
+ }
-       fprintf(ficlog,"\nConsidering the time needed for this last iteration #%d: %ld seconds,\n",*iter,curr_time.tv_sec-last_time.tv_sec);
-       for(niterf=10;niterf<=30;niterf+=10){
+ char *asc_diff_time(long time_sec, char ascdiff[])
-         forecast_time.tv_sec=curr_time.tv_sec+(niterf-*iter)*(curr_time.tv_sec-last_time.tv_sec);
+ {
-         tmf = *localtime(&forecast_time.tv_sec);
+   long sec_left, days, hours, minutes;
- /*      asctime_r(&tmf,strfor); */
+   days = (time_sec) / (60*60*24);
-         strcpy(strfor,asctime(&tmf));
+   sec_left = (time_sec) % (60*60*24);
-         itmp = strlen(strfor);
+   hours = (sec_left) / (60*60) ;
-         if(strfor[itmp-1]=='\n')
+   sec_left = (sec_left) %(60*60);
-         strfor[itmp-1]='\0';
+   minutes = (sec_left) /60;
-         printf("   - if your program needs %d iterations to converge, convergence will be \n   reached in %s i.e.\n   on %s (current time is %s);\n",niterf, asc_diff_time(forecast_time.tv_sec-curr_time.tv_sec,tmpout),strfor,strcurr);
+   sec_left = (sec_left) % (60);
-         fprintf(ficlog,"   - if your program needs %d iterations to converge, convergence will be \n   reached in %s i.e.\n   on %s (current time is %s);\n",niterf, asc_diff_time(forecast_time.tv_sec-curr_time.tv_sec,tmpout),strfor,strcurr);
+   sprintf(ascdiff,"%ld day(s) %ld hour(s) %ld minute(s) %ld second(s)",days, hours, minutes, sec_left);
-       }
+   return ascdiff;
-     }
+ }
-     for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {
-       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) xit[j]=xi[j][i];
+ /*************** powell ************************/
-       fptt=(*fret);
+ void powell(double p[], double **xi, int n, double ftol, int *iter, double *fret,
- #ifdef DEBUG
+             double (*func)(double []))
-       printf("fret=%lf \n",*fret);
+ {
-       fprintf(ficlog,"fret=%lf \n",*fret);
+   void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,
- #endif
+               double (*func)(double []));
-       printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout);
+   int i,ibig,j;
-       fprintf(ficlog,"%d",i);fflush(ficlog);
+   double del,t,*pt,*ptt,*xit;
-       linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func);
+   double fp,fptt;
-       if (fabs(fptt-(*fret)) > del) {
+   double *xits;
-         del=fabs(fptt-(*fret));
+   int niterf, itmp;
-         ibig=i;
-       }
+   pt=vector(1,n);
- #ifdef DEBUG
+   ptt=vector(1,n);
-       printf("%d %.12e",i,(*fret));
+   xit=vector(1,n);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"%d %.12e",i,(*fret));
+   xits=vector(1,n);
-       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+   *fret=(*func)(p);
-         xits[j]=FMAX(fabs(p[j]-pt[j]),1.e-5);
+   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) pt[j]=p[j];
-         printf(" x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
+   for (*iter=1;;++(*iter)) {
-         fprintf(ficlog," x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
+     fp=(*fret);
-       }
+     ibig=0;
-       for(j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+     del=0.0;
-         printf(" p=%.12e",p[j]);
+     last_time=curr_time;
-         fprintf(ficlog," p=%.12e",p[j]);
+     (void) gettimeofday(&curr_time,&tzp);
-       }
+     printf("\nPowell iter=%d -2*LL=%.12f %ld sec. %ld sec.",*iter,*fret, curr_time.tv_sec-last_time.tv_sec, curr_time.tv_sec-start_time.tv_sec);fflush(stdout);
-       printf("\n");
+     fprintf(ficlog,"\nPowell iter=%d -2*LL=%.12f %ld sec. %ld sec.",*iter,*fret, curr_time.tv_sec-last_time.tv_sec, curr_time.tv_sec-start_time.tv_sec); fflush(ficlog);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+ /*     fprintf(ficrespow,"%d %.12f %ld",*iter,*fret,curr_time.tv_sec-start_time.tv_sec); */
- #endif
+    for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {
-     }
+       printf(" %d %.12f",i, p[i]);
-     if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret))) {
+       fprintf(ficlog," %d %.12lf",i, p[i]);
- #ifdef DEBUG
+       fprintf(ficrespow," %.12lf", p[i]);
-       int k[2],l;
+     }
-       k[0]=1;
+     printf("\n");
-       k[1]=-1;
+     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-       printf("Max: %.12e",(*func)(p));
+     fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");fflush(ficrespow);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Max: %.12e",(*func)(p));
+     if(*iter <=3){
-       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+       tm = *localtime(&curr_time.tv_sec);
-         printf(" %.12e",p[j]);
+       strcpy(strcurr,asctime(&tm));
-         fprintf(ficlog," %.12e",p[j]);
+ /*       asctime_r(&tm,strcurr); */
-       }
+       forecast_time=curr_time;
-       printf("\n");
+       itmp = strlen(strcurr);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+       if(strcurr[itmp-1]=='\n')  /* Windows outputs with a new line */
-       for(l=0;l<=1;l++) {
+         strcurr[itmp-1]='\0';
-         for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+       printf("\nConsidering the time needed for this last iteration #%d: %ld seconds,\n",*iter,curr_time.tv_sec-last_time.tv_sec);
-           ptt[j]=p[j]+(p[j]-pt[j])*k[l];
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\nConsidering the time needed for this last iteration #%d: %ld seconds,\n",*iter,curr_time.tv_sec-last_time.tv_sec);
-           printf("l=%d j=%d ptt=%.12e, xits=%.12e, p=%.12e, xit=%.12e", l,j,ptt[j],xits[j],p[j],xit[j]);
+       for(niterf=10;niterf<=30;niterf+=10){
-           fprintf(ficlog,"l=%d j=%d ptt=%.12e, xits=%.12e, p=%.12e, xit=%.12e", l,j,ptt[j],xits[j],p[j],xit[j]);
+         forecast_time.tv_sec=curr_time.tv_sec+(niterf-*iter)*(curr_time.tv_sec-last_time.tv_sec);
-         }
+         tmf = *localtime(&forecast_time.tv_sec);
-         printf("func(ptt)=%.12e, deriv=%.12e\n",(*func)(ptt),(ptt[j]-p[j])/((*func)(ptt)-(*func)(p)));
+ /*      asctime_r(&tmf,strfor); */
-         fprintf(ficlog,"func(ptt)=%.12e, deriv=%.12e\n",(*func)(ptt),(ptt[j]-p[j])/((*func)(ptt)-(*func)(p)));
+         strcpy(strfor,asctime(&tmf));
-       }
+         itmp = strlen(strfor);
- #endif
+         if(strfor[itmp-1]=='\n')
+         strfor[itmp-1]='\0';
+         printf("   - if your program needs %d iterations to converge, convergence will be \n   reached in %s i.e.\n   on %s (current time is %s);\n",niterf, asc_diff_time(forecast_time.tv_sec-curr_time.tv_sec,tmpout),strfor,strcurr);
-       free_vector(xit,1,n);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"   - if your program needs %d iterations to converge, convergence will be \n   reached in %s i.e.\n   on %s (current time is %s);\n",niterf, asc_diff_time(forecast_time.tv_sec-curr_time.tv_sec,tmpout),strfor,strcurr);
-       free_vector(xits,1,n);
+       }
-       free_vector(ptt,1,n);
+     }
-       free_vector(pt,1,n);
+     for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {
-       return;
+       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) xit[j]=xi[j][i];
-     }
+       fptt=(*fret);
-     if (*iter == ITMAX) nrerror("powell exceeding maximum iterations.");
+ #ifdef DEBUG
-     for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+       printf("fret=%lf \n",*fret);
-       ptt[j]=2.0*p[j]-pt[j];
+       fprintf(ficlog,"fret=%lf \n",*fret);
-       xit[j]=p[j]-pt[j];
+ #endif
-       pt[j]=p[j];
+       printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout);
-     }
+       fprintf(ficlog,"%d",i);fflush(ficlog);
-     fptt=(*func)(ptt);
+       linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func);
-     if (fptt < fp) {
+       if (fabs(fptt-(*fret)) > del) {
-       t=2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del)-del*SQR(fp-fptt);
+         del=fabs(fptt-(*fret));
-       if (t < 0.0) {
+         ibig=i;
-         linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func);
+       }
-         for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+ #ifdef DEBUG
-           xi[j][ibig]=xi[j][n];
+       printf("%d %.12e",i,(*fret));
-           xi[j][n]=xit[j];
+       fprintf(ficlog,"%d %.12e",i,(*fret));
-         }
+       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
- #ifdef DEBUG
+         xits[j]=FMAX(fabs(p[j]-pt[j]),1.e-5);
-         printf("Direction changed  last moved %d in place of ibig=%d, new last is the average:\n",n,ibig);
+         printf(" x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
-         fprintf(ficlog,"Direction changed  last moved %d in place of ibig=%d, new last is the average:\n",n,ibig);
+         fprintf(ficlog," x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
-         for(j=1;j<=n;j++){
+       }
-           printf(" %.12e",xit[j]);
+       for(j=1;j<=n;j++) {
-           fprintf(ficlog," %.12e",xit[j]);
+         printf(" p=%.12e",p[j]);
-         }
+         fprintf(ficlog," p=%.12e",p[j]);
-         printf("\n");
+       }
-         fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+       printf("\n");
- #endif
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-       }
+ #endif
      }
-   }
+     if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret))) {
- }
+ #ifdef DEBUG
+       int k[2],l;
- /**** Prevalence limit (stable or period prevalence)  ****************/
+       k[0]=1;
+       k[1]=-1;
- double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double x[], double age, double **oldm, double **savm, double ftolpl, int ij)
+       printf("Max: %.12e",(*func)(p));
- {
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Max: %.12e",(*func)(p));
-   /* Computes the prevalence limit in each live state at age x by left multiplying the unit
+       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
-      matrix by transitions matrix until convergence is reached */
+         printf(" %.12e",p[j]);
+         fprintf(ficlog," %.12e",p[j]);
-   int i, ii,j,k;
+       }
-   double min, max, maxmin, maxmax,sumnew=0.;
+       printf("\n");
-   double **matprod2();
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX], **pmij();
+       for(l=0;l<=1;l++) {
-   double **newm;
+         for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
-   double agefin, delaymax=50 ; /* Max number of years to converge */
+           ptt[j]=p[j]+(p[j]-pt[j])*k[l];
+           printf("l=%d j=%d ptt=%.12e, xits=%.12e, p=%.12e, xit=%.12e", l,j,ptt[j],xits[j],p[j],xit[j]);
-   for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
+           fprintf(ficlog,"l=%d j=%d ptt=%.12e, xits=%.12e, p=%.12e, xit=%.12e", l,j,ptt[j],xits[j],p[j],xit[j]);
-     for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+         }
-       oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+         printf("func(ptt)=%.12e, deriv=%.12e\n",(*func)(ptt),(ptt[j]-p[j])/((*func)(ptt)-(*func)(p)));
-     }
+         fprintf(ficlog,"func(ptt)=%.12e, deriv=%.12e\n",(*func)(ptt),(ptt[j]-p[j])/((*func)(ptt)-(*func)(p)));
+       }
-    cov[1]=1.;
+ #endif
-  /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
-   for(agefin=age-stepm/YEARM; agefin>=age-delaymax; agefin=agefin-stepm/YEARM){
+       free_vector(xit,1,n);
-     newm=savm;
+       free_vector(xits,1,n);
-     /* Covariates have to be included here again */
+       free_vector(ptt,1,n);
-      cov[2]=agefin;
+       free_vector(pt,1,n);
+       return;
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {
+     }
-         cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];
+     if (*iter == ITMAX) nrerror("powell exceeding maximum iterations.");
-         /*      printf("ij=%d k=%d Tvar[k]=%d nbcode=%d cov=%lf codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]=%d \n",ij,k, Tvar[k],nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]],cov[2+k], codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]);*/
+     for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
-       }
+       ptt[j]=2.0*p[j]-pt[j];
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];
+       xit[j]=p[j]-pt[j];
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)
+       pt[j]=p[j];
-         cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
+     }
+     fptt=(*func)(ptt);
-       /*printf("ij=%d cptcovprod=%d tvar=%d ", ij, cptcovprod, Tvar[1]);*/
+     if (fptt < fp) {
-       /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf cov[4]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3],cov[4]);*/
+       t=2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del)-del*SQR(fp-fptt);
-       /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3]);*/
+       if (t < 0.0) {
-     out=matprod2(newm, pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate),1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, oldm);
+         linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func);
+         for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
-     savm=oldm;
+           xi[j][ibig]=xi[j][n];
-     oldm=newm;
+           xi[j][n]=xit[j];
-     maxmax=0.;
+         }
-     for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++){
+ #ifdef DEBUG
-       min=1.;
+         printf("Direction changed  last moved %d in place of ibig=%d, new last is the average:\n",n,ibig);
-       max=0.;
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Direction changed  last moved %d in place of ibig=%d, new last is the average:\n",n,ibig);
-       for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++) {
+         for(j=1;j<=n;j++){
-         sumnew=0;
+           printf(" %.12e",xit[j]);
-         for(k=1; k<=ndeath; k++) sumnew+=newm[i][nlstate+k];
+           fprintf(ficlog," %.12e",xit[j]);
-         prlim[i][j]= newm[i][j]/(1-sumnew);
+         }
-         max=FMAX(max,prlim[i][j]);
+         printf("\n");
-         min=FMIN(min,prlim[i][j]);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-       }
+ #endif
-       maxmin=max-min;
+       }
-       maxmax=FMAX(maxmax,maxmin);
+     }
-     }
+   }
-     if(maxmax < ftolpl){
+ }
-       return prlim;
-     }
+ /**** Prevalence limit (stable or period prevalence)  ****************/
-   }
- }
+ double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double x[], double age, double **oldm, double **savm, double ftolpl, int ij)
+ {
- /*************** transition probabilities ***************/
+   /* Computes the prevalence limit in each live state at age x by left multiplying the unit
+      matrix by transitions matrix until convergence is reached */
- double **pmij(double **ps, double *cov, int ncovmodel, double *x, int nlstate )
- {
+   int i, ii,j,k;
-   double s1, s2;
+   double min, max, maxmin, maxmax,sumnew=0.;
-   /*double t34;*/
+   double **matprod2();
-   int i,j,j1, nc, ii, jj;
+   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX+1], **pmij();
+   double **newm;
-     for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
+   double agefin, delaymax=50 ; /* Max number of years to converge */
-       for(j=1; j<i;j++){
-         for (nc=1, s2=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
+   for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
-           /*s2 += param[i][j][nc]*cov[nc];*/
+     for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-           s2 += x[(i-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel+(j-1)*ncovmodel+nc+(i-1)*(ndeath-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
+       oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
- /*       printf("Int j<i s1=%.17e, s2=%.17e\n",s1,s2); */
+     }
-         }
-         ps[i][j]=s2;
+    cov[1]=1.;
- /*      printf("s1=%.17e, s2=%.17e\n",s1,s2); */
-       }
+  /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
-       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+   for(agefin=age-stepm/YEARM; agefin>=age-delaymax; agefin=agefin-stepm/YEARM){
-         for (nc=1, s2=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
+     newm=savm;
-           s2 += x[(i-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel+(j-2)*ncovmodel+nc+(i-1)*(ndeath-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
+     /* Covariates have to be included here again */
- /*        printf("Int j>i s1=%.17e, s2=%.17e %lx %lx\n",s1,s2,s1,s2); */
+     cov[2]=agefin;
-         }
-         ps[i][j]=s2;
+     for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {
-       }
+       cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];
-     }
+       /*        printf("ij=%d k=%d Tvar[k]=%d nbcode=%d cov=%lf codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]=%d \n",ij,k, Tvar[k],nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]],cov[2+k], codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]);*/
-     /*ps[3][2]=1;*/
+     }
+     for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];
-     for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
+     for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)
-       s1=0;
+       cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]] * nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
-       for(j=1; j<i; j++)
-         s1+=exp(ps[i][j]);
+     /*printf("ij=%d cptcovprod=%d tvar=%d ", ij, cptcovprod, Tvar[1]);*/
-       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++)
+     /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf cov[4]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3],cov[4]);*/
-         s1+=exp(ps[i][j]);
+     /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3]);*/
-       ps[i][i]=1./(s1+1.);
+     out=matprod2(newm, pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate),1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, oldm); /* Bug Valgrind */
-       for(j=1; j<i; j++)
-         ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
+     savm=oldm;
-       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++)
+     oldm=newm;
-         ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
+     maxmax=0.;
-       /* ps[i][nlstate+1]=1.-s1- ps[i][i];*/ /* Sum should be 1 */
+     for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++){
-     } /* end i */
+       min=1.;
+       max=0.;
-     for(ii=nlstate+1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){
+       for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++) {
-       for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
+         sumnew=0;
-         ps[ii][jj]=0;
+         for(k=1; k<=ndeath; k++) sumnew+=newm[i][nlstate+k];
-         ps[ii][ii]=1;
+         prlim[i][j]= newm[i][j]/(1-sumnew);
-       }
+         max=FMAX(max,prlim[i][j]);
-     }
+         min=FMIN(min,prlim[i][j]);
+       }
+       maxmin=max-min;
- /*        for(ii=1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){ */
+       maxmax=FMAX(maxmax,maxmin);
- /*       for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){ */
+     }
- /*         printf("ddd %lf ",ps[ii][jj]); */
+     if(maxmax < ftolpl){
- /*       } */
+       return prlim;
- /*       printf("\n "); */
+     }
- /*        } */
+   }
- /*        printf("\n ");printf("%lf ",cov[2]); */
+ }
-        /*
-       for(i=1; i<= npar; i++) printf("%f ",x[i]);
+ /*************** transition probabilities ***************/
-       goto end;*/
-     return ps;
+ double **pmij(double **ps, double *cov, int ncovmodel, double *x, int nlstate )
- }
+ {
+   /* According to parameters values stored in x and the covariate's values stored in cov,
- /**************** Product of 2 matrices ******************/
+      computes the probability to be observed in state j being in state i by appying the
+      model to the ncovmodel covariates (including constant and age).
- double **matprod2(double **out, double **in,long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch, long ncolol, long ncoloh, double **b)
+      lnpijopii=ln(pij/pii)= aij+bij*age+cij*v1+dij*v2+... = sum_nc=1^ncovmodel xij(nc)*cov[nc]
- {
+      and, according on how parameters are entered, the position of the coefficient xij(nc) of the
-   /* Computes the matrix product of in(1,nrh-nrl+1)(1,nch-ncl+1) times
+      ncth covariate in the global vector x is given by the formula:
-      b(1,nch-ncl+1)(1,ncoloh-ncolol+1) into out(...) */
+      j<i nc+((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+j-1)*ncovmodel
-   /* in, b, out are matrice of pointers which should have been initialized
+      j>=i nc + ((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+(j-2))*ncovmodel
-      before: only the contents of out is modified. The function returns
+      Computes ln(pij/pii) (lnpijopii), deduces pij/pii by exponentiation,
-      a pointer to pointers identical to out */
+      sums on j different of i to get 1-pii/pii, deduces pii, and then all pij.
-   long i, j, k;
+      Outputs ps[i][j] the probability to be observed in j being in j according to
-   for(i=nrl; i<= nrh; i++)
+      the values of the covariates cov[nc] and corresponding parameter values x[nc+shiftij]
-     for(k=ncolol; k<=ncoloh; k++)
+   */
-       for(j=ncl,out[i][k]=0.; j<=nch; j++)
+   double s1, lnpijopii;
-         out[i][k] +=in[i][j]*b[j][k];
+   /*double t34;*/
+   int i,j,j1, nc, ii, jj;
-   return out;
- }
+     for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
+       for(j=1; j<i;j++){
+         for (nc=1, lnpijopii=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
- /************* Higher Matrix Product ***************/
+           /*lnpijopii += param[i][j][nc]*cov[nc];*/
+           lnpijopii += x[nc+((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+j-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
- double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstepm, double age, int hstepm, double *x, int nlstate, int stepm, double **oldm, double **savm, int ij )
+ /*       printf("Int j<i s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e\n",s1,lnpijopii); */
- {
+         }
-   /* Computes the transition matrix starting at age 'age' over
+         ps[i][j]=lnpijopii; /* In fact ln(pij/pii) */
-      'nhstepm*hstepm*stepm' months (i.e. until
+ /*      printf("s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e\n",s1,lnpijopii); */
-      age (in years)  age+nhstepm*hstepm*stepm/12) by multiplying
+       }
-      nhstepm*hstepm matrices.
+       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-      Output is stored in matrix po[i][j][h] for h every 'hstepm' step
+         for (nc=1, lnpijopii=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
-      (typically every 2 years instead of every month which is too big
+           /*lnpijopii += x[(i-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel+(j-2)*ncovmodel+nc+(i-1)*(ndeath-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];*/
-      for the memory).
+           lnpijopii += x[nc + ((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+(j-2))*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
-      Model is determined by parameters x and covariates have to be
+ /*        printf("Int j>i s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e %lx %lx\n",s1,lnpijopii,s1,lnpijopii); */
-      included manually here.
+         }
+         ps[i][j]=lnpijopii; /* In fact ln(pij/pii) */
-      */
+       }
+     }
-   int i, j, d, h, k;
-   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX];
+     for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
-   double **newm;
+       s1=0;
+       for(j=1; j<i; j++){
-   /* Hstepm could be zero and should return the unit matrix */
+         s1+=exp(ps[i][j]); /* In fact sums pij/pii */
-   for (i=1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
+         /*printf("debug1 %d %d ps=%lf exp(ps)=%lf s1+=%lf\n",i,j,ps[i][j],exp(ps[i][j]),s1); */
-     for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+       }
-       oldm[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
-       po[i][j][0]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+         s1+=exp(ps[i][j]); /* In fact sums pij/pii */
-     }
+         /*printf("debug2 %d %d ps=%lf exp(ps)=%lf s1+=%lf\n",i,j,ps[i][j],exp(ps[i][j]),s1); */
-   /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
+       }
-   for(h=1; h <=nhstepm; h++){
+       /* s1= sum_{j<>i} pij/pii=(1-pii)/pii and thus pii is known from s1 */
-     for(d=1; d <=hstepm; d++){
+       ps[i][i]=1./(s1+1.);
-       newm=savm;
+       /* Computing other pijs */
-       /* Covariates have to be included here again */
+       for(j=1; j<i; j++)
-       cov[1]=1.;
+         ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
-       cov[2]=age+((h-1)*hstepm + (d-1))*stepm/YEARM;
+       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++)
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];
+         ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++)
+       /* ps[i][nlstate+1]=1.-s1- ps[i][i];*/ /* Sum should be 1 */
-         cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];
+     } /* end i */
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)
-         cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
+     for(ii=nlstate+1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){
+       for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
+         ps[ii][jj]=0;
-       /*printf("hxi cptcov=%d cptcode=%d\n",cptcov,cptcode);*/
+         ps[ii][ii]=1;
-       /*printf("h=%d d=%d age=%f cov=%f\n",h,d,age,cov[2]);*/
+       }
-       out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
+     }
-                    pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
-       savm=oldm;
-       oldm=newm;
+ /*        for(ii=1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){ */
-     }
+ /*       for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){ */
-     for(i=1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)
+ /*         printf("ddd %lf ",ps[ii][jj]); */
-       for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
+ /*       } */
-         po[i][j][h]=newm[i][j];
+ /*       printf("\n "); */
-         /*printf("i=%d j=%d h=%d po[i][j][h]=%f ",i,j,h,po[i][j][h]);
+ /*        } */
-          */
+ /*        printf("\n ");printf("%lf ",cov[2]); */
-       }
+        /*
-   } /* end h */
+       for(i=1; i<= npar; i++) printf("%f ",x[i]);
-   return po;
+       goto end;*/
- }
+     return ps;
+ }
- /*************** log-likelihood *************/
+ /**************** Product of 2 matrices ******************/
- double func( double *x)
- {
+ double **matprod2(double **out, double **in,long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch, long ncolol, long ncoloh, double **b)
-   int i, ii, j, k, mi, d, kk;
+ {
-   double l, ll[NLSTATEMAX], cov[NCOVMAX];
+   /* Computes the matrix product of in(1,nrh-nrl+1)(1,nch-ncl+1) times
-   double **out;
+      b(1,nch-ncl+1)(1,ncoloh-ncolol+1) into out(...) */
-   double sw; /* Sum of weights */
+   /* in, b, out are matrice of pointers which should have been initialized
-   double lli; /* Individual log likelihood */
+      before: only the contents of out is modified. The function returns
-   int s1, s2;
+      a pointer to pointers identical to out */
-   double bbh, survp;
+   long i, j, k;
-   long ipmx;
+   for(i=nrl; i<= nrh; i++)
-   /*extern weight */
+     for(k=ncolol; k<=ncoloh; k++)
-   /* We are differentiating ll according to initial status */
+       for(j=ncl,out[i][k]=0.; j<=nch; j++)
-   /*  for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) printf("%f ", x[i]);*/
+         out[i][k] +=in[i][j]*b[j][k];
-   /*for(i=1;i<imx;i++)
-     printf(" %d\n",s[4][i]);
+   return out;
-   */
+ }
-   cov[1]=1.;
-   for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) ll[k]=0.;
+ /************* Higher Matrix Product ***************/
-   if(mle==1){
+ double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstepm, double age, int hstepm, double *x, int nlstate, int stepm, double **oldm, double **savm, int ij )
-     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
+ {
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
+   /* Computes the transition matrix starting at age 'age' over
-       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
+      'nhstepm*hstepm*stepm' months (i.e. until
-         for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
+      age (in years)  age+nhstepm*hstepm*stepm/12) by multiplying
-           for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+      nhstepm*hstepm matrices.
-             oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+      Output is stored in matrix po[i][j][h] for h every 'hstepm' step
-             savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+      (typically every 2 years instead of every month which is too big
-           }
+      for the memory).
-         for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
+      Model is determined by parameters x and covariates have to be
-           newm=savm;
+      included manually here.
-           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
-           for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
+      */
-             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
-           }
+   int i, j, d, h, k;
-           out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
+   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX+1];
-,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
+   double **newm;
-           savm=oldm;
-           oldm=newm;
+   /* Hstepm could be zero and should return the unit matrix */
-         } /* end mult */
+   for (i=1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
+     for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-         /*lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]);*/ /* Original formula */
+       oldm[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-         /* But now since version 0.9 we anticipate for bias at large stepm.
+       po[i][j][0]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-          * If stepm is larger than one month (smallest stepm) and if the exact delay
+     }
-          * (in months) between two waves is not a multiple of stepm, we rounded to
+   /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
-          * the nearest (and in case of equal distance, to the lowest) interval but now
+   for(h=1; h <=nhstepm; h++){
-          * we keep into memory the bias bh[mi][i] and also the previous matrix product
+     for(d=1; d <=hstepm; d++){
-          * (i.e to dh[mi][i]-1) saved in 'savm'. Then we inter(extra)polate the
+       newm=savm;
-          * probability in order to take into account the bias as a fraction of the way
+       /* Covariates have to be included here again */
-          * from savm to out if bh is negative or even beyond if bh is positive. bh varies
+       cov[1]=1.;
-          * -stepm/2 to stepm/2 .
+       cov[2]=age+((h-1)*hstepm + (d-1))*stepm/YEARM;
-          * For stepm=1 the results are the same as for previous versions of Imach.
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++)
-          * For stepm > 1 the results are less biased than in previous versions.
+         cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];
-          */
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++)
-         s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
+         cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];
-         s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)
-         bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm;
+         cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
-         /* bias bh is positive if real duration
-          * is higher than the multiple of stepm and negative otherwise.
-          */
+       /*printf("hxi cptcov=%d cptcode=%d\n",cptcov,cptcode);*/
-         /* lli= (savm[s1][s2]>1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]));*/
+       /*printf("h=%d d=%d age=%f cov=%f\n",h,d,age,cov[2]);*/
-         if( s2 > nlstate){
+       out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
-           /* i.e. if s2 is a death state and if the date of death is known
+                    pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
-              then the contribution to the likelihood is the probability to
+       savm=oldm;
-              die between last step unit time and current  step unit time,
+       oldm=newm;
-              which is also equal to probability to die before dh
+     }
-              minus probability to die before dh-stepm .
+     for(i=1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)
-              In version up to 0.92 likelihood was computed
+       for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
-         as if date of death was unknown. Death was treated as any other
+         po[i][j][h]=newm[i][j];
-         health state: the date of the interview describes the actual state
+         /*if(h==nhstepm) printf("po[%d][%d][%d]=%f ",i,j,h,po[i][j][h]);*/
-         and not the date of a change in health state. The former idea was
+       }
-         to consider that at each interview the state was recorded
+     /*printf("h=%d ",h);*/
-         (healthy, disable or death) and IMaCh was corrected; but when we
+   } /* end h */
-         introduced the exact date of death then we should have modified
+ /*     printf("\n H=%d \n",h); */
-         the contribution of an exact death to the likelihood. This new
+   return po;
-         contribution is smaller and very dependent of the step unit
+ }
-         stepm. It is no more the probability to die between last interview
-         and month of death but the probability to survive from last
-         interview up to one month before death multiplied by the
+ /*************** log-likelihood *************/
-         probability to die within a month. Thanks to Chris
+ double func( double *x)
-         Jackson for correcting this bug.  Former versions increased
+ {
-         mortality artificially. The bad side is that we add another loop
+   int i, ii, j, k, mi, d, kk;
-         which slows down the processing. The difference can be up to 10%
+   double l, ll[NLSTATEMAX+1], cov[NCOVMAX+1];
-         lower mortality.
+   double **out;
-           */
+   double sw; /* Sum of weights */
-           lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
+   double lli; /* Individual log likelihood */
+   int s1, s2;
+   double bbh, survp;
-         } else if  (s2==-2) {
+   long ipmx;
-           for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++)
+   /*extern weight */
-             survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
+   /* We are differentiating ll according to initial status */
-           /*survp += out[s1][j]; */
+   /*  for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) printf("%f ", x[i]);*/
-           lli= log(survp);
+   /*for(i=1;i<imx;i++)
-         }
+     printf(" %d\n",s[4][i]);
+   */
-         else if  (s2==-4) {
+   cov[1]=1.;
-           for (j=3,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++)
-             survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
+   for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) ll[k]=0.;
-           lli= log(survp);
-         }
+   if(mle==1){
+     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
-         else if  (s2==-5) {
+       /* Computes the values of the ncovmodel covariates of the model
-           for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=2; j++)
+          depending if the covariates are fixed or variying (age dependent) and stores them in cov[]
-             survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
+          Then computes with function pmij which return a matrix p[i][j] giving the elementary probability
-           lli= log(survp);
+          to be observed in j being in i according to the model.
-         }
+        */
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
-         else{
+       /* In model V2+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2 Tvar[1] is V2, Tvar[2=V1*V4]
-           lli= log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]); /* linear interpolation */
+          is 6, Tvar[3=age*V3] should not be computed because of age Tvar[4=V3*V2]
-           /*  lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*(savm[s1][s2])):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]));*/ /* linear interpolation */
+          has been calculated etc */
-         }
+       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
-         /*lli=(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]);*/
+         for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
-         /*if(lli ==000.0)*/
+           for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-         /*printf("bbh= %f lli=%f savm=%f out=%f %d\n",bbh,lli,savm[s1][s2], out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]],i); */
+             oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-         ipmx +=1;
+             savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-         sw += weight[i];
+           }
-         ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
+         for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
-       } /* end of wave */
+           newm=savm;
-     } /* end of individual */
+           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
-   }  else if(mle==2){
+           for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
-     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
+             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2]; /* Tage[kk] gives the data-covariate associated with age */
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
+           }
-       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
+           out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
-         for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
+,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
-           for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+           savm=oldm;
-             oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+           oldm=newm;
-             savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+         } /* end mult */
-           }
-         for(d=0; d<=dh[mi][i]; d++){
+         /*lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]);*/ /* Original formula */
-           newm=savm;
+         /* But now since version 0.9 we anticipate for bias at large stepm.
-           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+          * If stepm is larger than one month (smallest stepm) and if the exact delay
-           for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
+          * (in months) between two waves is not a multiple of stepm, we rounded to
-             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
+          * the nearest (and in case of equal distance, to the lowest) interval but now
-           }
+          * we keep into memory the bias bh[mi][i] and also the previous matrix product
-           out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
+          * (i.e to dh[mi][i]-1) saved in 'savm'. Then we inter(extra)polate the
-,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
+          * probability in order to take into account the bias as a fraction of the way
-           savm=oldm;
+          * from savm to out if bh is negative or even beyond if bh is positive. bh varies
-           oldm=newm;
+          * -stepm/2 to stepm/2 .
-         } /* end mult */
+          * For stepm=1 the results are the same as for previous versions of Imach.
+          * For stepm > 1 the results are less biased than in previous versions.
-         s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
+          */
-         s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
+         s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
-         bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm;
+         s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
-         lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*(savm[s1][s2])):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* linear interpolation */
+         bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm;
-         ipmx +=1;
+         /* bias bh is positive if real duration
-         sw += weight[i];
+          * is higher than the multiple of stepm and negative otherwise.
-         ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
+          */
-       } /* end of wave */
+         /* lli= (savm[s1][s2]>1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]));*/
-     } /* end of individual */
+         if( s2 > nlstate){
-   }  else if(mle==3){  /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
+           /* i.e. if s2 is a death state and if the date of death is known
-     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
+              then the contribution to the likelihood is the probability to
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
+              die between last step unit time and current  step unit time,
-       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
+              which is also equal to probability to die before dh
-         for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
+              minus probability to die before dh-stepm .
-           for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+              In version up to 0.92 likelihood was computed
-             oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+         as if date of death was unknown. Death was treated as any other
-             savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+         health state: the date of the interview describes the actual state
-           }
+         and not the date of a change in health state. The former idea was
-         for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
+         to consider that at each interview the state was recorded
-           newm=savm;
+         (healthy, disable or death) and IMaCh was corrected; but when we
-           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+         introduced the exact date of death then we should have modified
-           for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
+         the contribution of an exact death to the likelihood. This new
-             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
+         contribution is smaller and very dependent of the step unit
-           }
+         stepm. It is no more the probability to die between last interview
-           out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
+         and month of death but the probability to survive from last
-,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
+         interview up to one month before death multiplied by the
-           savm=oldm;
+         probability to die within a month. Thanks to Chris
-           oldm=newm;
+         Jackson for correcting this bug.  Former versions increased
-         } /* end mult */
+         mortality artificially. The bad side is that we add another loop
+         which slows down the processing. The difference can be up to 10%
-         s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
+         lower mortality.
-         s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
+           */
-         bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm;
+           lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
-         lli= (savm[s1][s2]>1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
-         ipmx +=1;
-         sw += weight[i];
+         } else if  (s2==-2) {
-         ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
+           for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++)
-       } /* end of wave */
+             survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
-     } /* end of individual */
+           /*survp += out[s1][j]; */
-   }else if (mle==4){  /* ml=4 no inter-extrapolation */
+           lli= log(survp);
-     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
+         }
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
-       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
+         else if  (s2==-4) {
-         for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
+           for (j=3,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++)
-           for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+             survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
-             oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+           lli= log(survp);
-             savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+         }
-           }
-         for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
+         else if  (s2==-5) {
-           newm=savm;
+           for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=2; j++)
-           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+             survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
-           for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
+           lli= log(survp);
-             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
+         }
-           }
+         else{
-           out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
+           lli= log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]); /* linear interpolation */
-,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
+           /*  lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*(savm[s1][s2])):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]));*/ /* linear interpolation */
-           savm=oldm;
+         }
-           oldm=newm;
+         /*lli=(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]);*/
-         } /* end mult */
+         /*if(lli ==000.0)*/
+         /*printf("bbh= %f lli=%f savm=%f out=%f %d\n",bbh,lli,savm[s1][s2], out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]],i); */
-         s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
+         ipmx +=1;
-         s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
+         sw += weight[i];
-         if( s2 > nlstate){
+         ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
-           lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
+       } /* end of wave */
-         }else{
+     } /* end of individual */
-           lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]); /* Original formula */
+   }  else if(mle==2){
-         }
+     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
-         ipmx +=1;
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
-         sw += weight[i];
+       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
-         ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
+         for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
- /*      printf("i=%6d s1=%1d s2=%1d mi=%1d mw=%1d dh=%3d prob=%10.6f w=%6.4f out=%10.6f sav=%10.6f\n",i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
+           for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-       } /* end of wave */
+             oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-     } /* end of individual */
+             savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-   }else{  /* ml=5 no inter-extrapolation no jackson =0.8a */
+           }
-     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
+         for(d=0; d<=dh[mi][i]; d++){
-       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
+           newm=savm;
-       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
+           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
-         for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
+           for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
-           for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
-             oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+           }
-             savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+           out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
-           }
+,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
-         for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
+           savm=oldm;
-           newm=savm;
+           oldm=newm;
-           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+         } /* end mult */
-           for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
-             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
+         s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
-           }
+         s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
+         bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm;
-           out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
+         lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*(savm[s1][s2])):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* linear interpolation */
-,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
+         ipmx +=1;
-           savm=oldm;
+         sw += weight[i];
-           oldm=newm;
+         ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
-         } /* end mult */
+       } /* end of wave */
+     } /* end of individual */
-         s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
+   }  else if(mle==3){  /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
-         s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
+     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
-         lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]); /* Original formula */
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
-         ipmx +=1;
+       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
-         sw += weight[i];
+         for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
-         ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
+           for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-         /*printf("i=%6d s1=%1d s2=%1d mi=%1d mw=%1d dh=%3d prob=%10.6f w=%6.4f out=%10.6f sav=%10.6f\n",i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]);*/
+             oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-       } /* end of wave */
+             savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-     } /* end of individual */
+           }
-   } /* End of if */
+         for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
-   for(k=1,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++) l += ll[k];
+           newm=savm;
-   /* printf("l1=%f l2=%f ",ll[1],ll[2]); */
+           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
-   l= l*ipmx/sw; /* To get the same order of magnitude as if weight=1 for every body */
+           for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
-   return -l;
+             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
- }
+           }
+           out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
- /*************** log-likelihood *************/
+,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
- double funcone( double *x)
+           savm=oldm;
- {
+           oldm=newm;
-   /* Same as likeli but slower because of a lot of printf and if */
+         } /* end mult */
-   int i, ii, j, k, mi, d, kk;
-   double l, ll[NLSTATEMAX], cov[NCOVMAX];
+         s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
-   double **out;
+         s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
-   double lli; /* Individual log likelihood */
+         bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm;
-   double llt;
+         lli= (savm[s1][s2]>1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
-   int s1, s2;
+         ipmx +=1;
-   double bbh, survp;
+         sw += weight[i];
-   /*extern weight */
+         ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
-   /* We are differentiating ll according to initial status */
+       } /* end of wave */
-   /*  for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) printf("%f ", x[i]);*/
+     } /* end of individual */
-   /*for(i=1;i<imx;i++)
+   }else if (mle==4){  /* ml=4 no inter-extrapolation */
-     printf(" %d\n",s[4][i]);
+     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
-   */
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
-   cov[1]=1.;
+       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
+         for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
-   for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) ll[k]=0.;
+           for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+             oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-   for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
+             savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-     for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
+           }
-     for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
+         for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
-       for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
+           newm=savm;
-         for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
-           oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+           for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
-           savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
-         }
+           }
-       for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
-         newm=savm;
+           out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
-         cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
+,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
-         for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
+           savm=oldm;
-           cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
+           oldm=newm;
-         }
+         } /* end mult */
-         out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
-,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
+         s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
-         savm=oldm;
+         s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
-         oldm=newm;
+         if( s2 > nlstate){
-       } /* end mult */
+           lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
+         }else{
-       s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
+           lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]); /* Original formula */
-       s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
+         }
-       bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm;
+         ipmx +=1;
-       /* bias is positive if real duration
+         sw += weight[i];
-        * is higher than the multiple of stepm and negative otherwise.
+         ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
-        */
+ /*      printf("i=%6d s1=%1d s2=%1d mi=%1d mw=%1d dh=%3d prob=%10.6f w=%6.4f out=%10.6f sav=%10.6f\n",i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
-       if( s2 > nlstate && (mle <5) ){  /* Jackson */
+       } /* end of wave */
-         lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
+     } /* end of individual */
-       } else if  (s2==-2) {
+   }else{  /* ml=5 no inter-extrapolation no jackson =0.8a */
-         for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++)
+     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
-           survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
+       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
-         lli= log(survp);
+       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
-       }else if (mle==1){
+         for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
-         lli= log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]); /* linear interpolation */
+           for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-       } else if(mle==2){
+             oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-         lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* linear interpolation */
+             savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-       } else if(mle==3){  /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
+           }
-         lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
+         for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
-       } else if (mle==4){  /* mle=4 no inter-extrapolation */
+           newm=savm;
-         lli=log(out[s1][s2]); /* Original formula */
+           cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
-       } else{  /* ml>=5 no inter-extrapolation no jackson =0.8a */
+           for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
-         lli=log(out[s1][s2]); /* Original formula */
+             cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
-       } /* End of if */
+           }
-       ipmx +=1;
-       sw += weight[i];
+           out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
-       ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
+,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
- /*       printf("i=%6d s1=%1d s2=%1d mi=%1d mw=%1d dh=%3d prob=%10.6f w=%6.4f out=%10.6f sav=%10.6f\n",i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
+           savm=oldm;
-       if(globpr){
+           oldm=newm;
-         fprintf(ficresilk,"%9d %6d %2d %2d %1d %1d %3d %11.6f %8.4f\
+         } /* end mult */
-  %11.6f %11.6f %11.6f ", \
-                 num[i],i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],
+         s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
-*weight[i]*lli,out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]);
+         s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
-         for(k=1,llt=0.,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++){
+         lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]); /* Original formula */
-           llt +=ll[k]*gipmx/gsw;
+         ipmx +=1;
-           fprintf(ficresilk," %10.6f",-ll[k]*gipmx/gsw);
+         sw += weight[i];
-         }
+         ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
-         fprintf(ficresilk," %10.6f\n", -llt);
+         /*printf("i=%6d s1=%1d s2=%1d mi=%1d mw=%1d dh=%3d prob=%10.6f w=%6.4f out=%10.6f sav=%10.6f\n",i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]);*/
-       }
+       } /* end of wave */
-     } /* end of wave */
+     } /* end of individual */
-   } /* end of individual */
+   } /* End of if */
    for(k=1,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++) l += ll[k];
    /* printf("l1=%f l2=%f ",ll[1],ll[2]); */
    l= l*ipmx/sw; /* To get the same order of magnitude as if weight=1 for every body */
-   if(globpr==0){ /* First time we count the contributions and weights */
+   return -l;
-     gipmx=ipmx;
+ }
-     gsw=sw;
-   }
+ /*************** log-likelihood *************/
-   return -l;
+ double funcone( double *x)
- }
+ {
+   /* Same as likeli but slower because of a lot of printf and if */
+   int i, ii, j, k, mi, d, kk;
- /*************** function likelione ***********/
+   double l, ll[NLSTATEMAX+1], cov[NCOVMAX+1];
- void likelione(FILE *ficres,double p[], int npar, int nlstate, int *globpri, long *ipmx, double *sw, double *fretone, double (*funcone)(double []))
+   double **out;
- {
+   double lli; /* Individual log likelihood */
-   /* This routine should help understanding what is done with
+   double llt;
-      the selection of individuals/waves and
+   int s1, s2;
-      to check the exact contribution to the likelihood.
+   double bbh, survp;
-      Plotting could be done.
+   /*extern weight */
-    */
+   /* We are differentiating ll according to initial status */
-   int k;
+   /*  for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) printf("%f ", x[i]);*/
+   /*for(i=1;i<imx;i++)
-   if(*globpri !=0){ /* Just counts and sums, no printings */
+     printf(" %d\n",s[4][i]);
-     strcpy(fileresilk,"ilk");
+   */
-     strcat(fileresilk,fileres);
+   cov[1]=1.;
-     if((ficresilk=fopen(fileresilk,"w"))==NULL) {
-       printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresilk);
+   for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) ll[k]=0.;
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresilk);
-     }
+   for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
-     fprintf(ficresilk, "#individual(line's_record) s1 s2 wave# effective_wave# number_of_matrices_product pij weight -2ln(pij)*weight 0pij_x 0pij_(x-stepm) cumulating_loglikeli_by_health_state(reweighted=-2ll*weightXnumber_of_contribs/sum_of_weights) and_total\n");
+     for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
-     fprintf(ficresilk, "#num_i i s1 s2 mi mw dh likeli weight 2wlli out sav ");
+     for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
-     /*  i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],2*weight[i]*lli,out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
+       for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
-     for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++)
+         for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-       fprintf(ficresilk," -2*gipw/gsw*weight*ll[%d]++",k);
+           oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-     fprintf(ficresilk," -2*gipw/gsw*weight*ll(total)\n");
+           savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-   }
+         }
+       for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
-   *fretone=(*funcone)(p);
+         newm=savm;
-   if(*globpri !=0){
+         cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
-     fclose(ficresilk);
+         for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
-     fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>File of contributions to the likelihood: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n",subdirf(fileresilk),subdirf(fileresilk));
+           cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
-     fflush(fichtm);
+         }
-   }
+         out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
-   return;
+,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
- }
+         savm=oldm;
+         oldm=newm;
+       } /* end mult */
- /*********** Maximum Likelihood Estimation ***************/
+       s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
- void mlikeli(FILE *ficres,double p[], int npar, int ncovmodel, int nlstate, double ftol, double (*func)(double []))
+       s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
- {
+       bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm;
-   int i,j, iter;
+       /* bias is positive if real duration
-   double **xi;
+        * is higher than the multiple of stepm and negative otherwise.
-   double fret;
+        */
-   double fretone; /* Only one call to likelihood */
+       if( s2 > nlstate && (mle <5) ){  /* Jackson */
-   /*  char filerespow[FILENAMELENGTH];*/
+         lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
-   xi=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
+       } else if  (s2==-2) {
-   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
+         for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++)
-     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)
+           survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
-       xi[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+         lli= log(survp);
-   printf("Powell\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
+       }else if (mle==1){
-   strcpy(filerespow,"pow");
+         lli= log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]); /* linear interpolation */
-   strcat(filerespow,fileres);
+       } else if(mle==2){
-   if((ficrespow=fopen(filerespow,"w"))==NULL) {
+         lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* linear interpolation */
-     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
+       } else if(mle==3){  /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
+         lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
-   }
+       } else if (mle==4){  /* mle=4 no inter-extrapolation */
-   fprintf(ficrespow,"# Powell\n# iter -2*LL");
+         lli=log(out[s1][s2]); /* Original formula */
-   for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+       } else{  /* mle=0 back to 1 */
-     for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+         lli= log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]); /* linear interpolation */
-       if(j!=i)fprintf(ficrespow," p%1d%1d",i,j);
+         /*lli=log(out[s1][s2]); */ /* Original formula */
-   fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");
+       } /* End of if */
+       ipmx +=1;
-   powell(p,xi,npar,ftol,&iter,&fret,func);
+       sw += weight[i];
+       ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
-   free_matrix(xi,1,npar,1,npar);
+       /*printf("i=%6d s1=%1d s2=%1d mi=%1d mw=%1d dh=%3d prob=%10.6f w=%6.4f out=%10.6f sav=%10.6f\n",i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
-   fclose(ficrespow);
+       if(globpr){
-   printf("\n#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f\n",iter,func(p));
+         fprintf(ficresilk,"%9ld %6d %2d %2d %1d %1d %3d %11.6f %8.4f\
-   fprintf(ficlog,"\n#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f \n",iter,func(p));
+  %11.6f %11.6f %11.6f ", \
-   fprintf(ficres,"#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f \n",iter,func(p));
+                 num[i],i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],
+*weight[i]*lli,out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]);
- }
+         for(k=1,llt=0.,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++){
+           llt +=ll[k]*gipmx/gsw;
- /**** Computes Hessian and covariance matrix ***/
+           fprintf(ficresilk," %10.6f",-ll[k]*gipmx/gsw);
- void hesscov(double **matcov, double p[], int npar, double delti[], double ftolhess, double (*func)(double []))
+         }
- {
+         fprintf(ficresilk," %10.6f\n", -llt);
-   double  **a,**y,*x,pd;
+       }
-   double **hess;
+     } /* end of wave */
-   int i, j,jk;
+   } /* end of individual */
-   int *indx;
+   for(k=1,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++) l += ll[k];
+   /* printf("l1=%f l2=%f ",ll[1],ll[2]); */
-   double hessii(double p[], double delta, int theta, double delti[],double (*func)(double []),int npar);
+   l= l*ipmx/sw; /* To get the same order of magnitude as if weight=1 for every body */
-   double hessij(double p[], double delti[], int i, int j,double (*func)(double []),int npar);
+   if(globpr==0){ /* First time we count the contributions and weights */
-   void lubksb(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double b[]) ;
+     gipmx=ipmx;
-   void ludcmp(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double *d) ;
+     gsw=sw;
-   double gompertz(double p[]);
+   }
-   hess=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
+   return -l;
+ }
-   printf("\nCalculation of the hessian matrix. Wait...\n");
-   fprintf(ficlog,"\nCalculation of the hessian matrix. Wait...\n");
-   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){
+ /*************** function likelione ***********/
-     printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout);
+ void likelione(FILE *ficres,double p[], int npar, int nlstate, int *globpri, long *ipmx, double *sw, double *fretone, double (*funcone)(double []))
-     fprintf(ficlog,"%d",i);fflush(ficlog);
+ {
+   /* This routine should help understanding what is done with
-      hess[i][i]=hessii(p,ftolhess,i,delti,func,npar);
+      the selection of individuals/waves and
+      to check the exact contribution to the likelihood.
-     /*  printf(" %f ",p[i]);
+      Plotting could be done.
-         printf(" %lf %lf %lf",hess[i][i],ftolhess,delti[i]);*/
+    */
-   }
+   int k;
-   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) {
+   if(*globpri !=0){ /* Just counts and sums, no printings */
-     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)  {
+     strcpy(fileresilk,"ilk");
-       if (j>i) {
+     strcat(fileresilk,fileres);
-         printf(".%d%d",i,j);fflush(stdout);
+     if((ficresilk=fopen(fileresilk,"w"))==NULL) {
-         fprintf(ficlog,".%d%d",i,j);fflush(ficlog);
+       printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresilk);
-         hess[i][j]=hessij(p,delti,i,j,func,npar);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresilk);
+     }
-         hess[j][i]=hess[i][j];
+     fprintf(ficresilk, "#individual(line's_record) s1 s2 wave# effective_wave# number_of_matrices_product pij weight -2ln(pij)*weight 0pij_x 0pij_(x-stepm) cumulating_loglikeli_by_health_state(reweighted=-2ll*weightXnumber_of_contribs/sum_of_weights) and_total\n");
-         /*printf(" %lf ",hess[i][j]);*/
+     fprintf(ficresilk, "#num_i i s1 s2 mi mw dh likeli weight 2wlli out sav ");
-       }
+     /*  i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],2*weight[i]*lli,out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
-     }
+     for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++)
-   }
+       fprintf(ficresilk," -2*gipw/gsw*weight*ll[%d]++",k);
-   printf("\n");
+     fprintf(ficresilk," -2*gipw/gsw*weight*ll(total)\n");
-   fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+   }
-   printf("\nInverting the hessian to get the covariance matrix. Wait...\n");
+   *fretone=(*funcone)(p);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"\nInverting the hessian to get the covariance matrix. Wait...\n");
+   if(*globpri !=0){
+     fclose(ficresilk);
-   a=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
+     fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>File of contributions to the likelihood: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n",subdirf(fileresilk),subdirf(fileresilk));
-   y=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
+     fflush(fichtm);
-   x=vector(1,npar);
+   }
-   indx=ivector(1,npar);
+   return;
-   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
+ }
-     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=hess[i][j];
-   ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd);
+ /*********** Maximum Likelihood Estimation ***************/
-   for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
-     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0;
+ void mlikeli(FILE *ficres,double p[], int npar, int ncovmodel, int nlstate, double ftol, double (*func)(double []))
-     x[j]=1;
+ {
-     lubksb(a,npar,indx,x);
+   int i,j, iter;
-     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){
+   double **xi;
-       matcov[i][j]=x[i];
+   double fret;
-     }
+   double fretone; /* Only one call to likelihood */
-   }
+   /*  char filerespow[FILENAMELENGTH];*/
+   xi=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
-   printf("\n#Hessian matrix#\n");
+   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
-   fprintf(ficlog,"\n#Hessian matrix#\n");
+     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)
-   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) {
+       xi[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
-     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
+   printf("Powell\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
-       printf("%.3e ",hess[i][j]);
+   strcpy(filerespow,"pow");
-       fprintf(ficlog,"%.3e ",hess[i][j]);
+   strcat(filerespow,fileres);
-     }
+   if((ficrespow=fopen(filerespow,"w"))==NULL) {
-     printf("\n");
+     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
    }
+   fprintf(ficrespow,"# Powell\n# iter -2*LL");
-   /* Recompute Inverse */
+   for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
+     for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
-     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=matcov[i][j];
+       if(j!=i)fprintf(ficrespow," p%1d%1d",i,j);
-   ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd);
+   fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");
-   /*  printf("\n#Hessian matrix recomputed#\n");
+   powell(p,xi,npar,ftol,&iter,&fret,func);
-   for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
+   free_matrix(xi,1,npar,1,npar);
-     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0;
+   fclose(ficrespow);
-     x[j]=1;
+   printf("\n#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f\n",iter,func(p));
-     lubksb(a,npar,indx,x);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"\n#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f \n",iter,func(p));
-     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){
+   fprintf(ficres,"#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f \n",iter,func(p));
-       y[i][j]=x[i];
-       printf("%.3e ",y[i][j]);
+ }
-       fprintf(ficlog,"%.3e ",y[i][j]);
-     }
+ /**** Computes Hessian and covariance matrix ***/
-     printf("\n");
+ void hesscov(double **matcov, double p[], int npar, double delti[], double ftolhess, double (*func)(double []))
-     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+ {
-   }
+   double  **a,**y,*x,pd;
-   */
+   double **hess;
+   int i, j,jk;
-   free_matrix(a,1,npar,1,npar);
+   int *indx;
-   free_matrix(y,1,npar,1,npar);
-   free_vector(x,1,npar);
+   double hessii(double p[], double delta, int theta, double delti[],double (*func)(double []),int npar);
-   free_ivector(indx,1,npar);
+   double hessij(double p[], double delti[], int i, int j,double (*func)(double []),int npar);
-   free_matrix(hess,1,npar,1,npar);
+   void lubksb(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double b[]) ;
+   void ludcmp(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double *d) ;
+   double gompertz(double p[]);
- }
+   hess=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
- /*************** hessian matrix ****************/
+   printf("\nCalculation of the hessian matrix. Wait...\n");
- double hessii(double x[], double delta, int theta, double delti[], double (*func)(double []), int npar)
+   fprintf(ficlog,"\nCalculation of the hessian matrix. Wait...\n");
- {
+   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){
-   int i;
+     printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout);
-   int l=1, lmax=20;
+     fprintf(ficlog,"%d",i);fflush(ficlog);
-   double k1,k2;
-   double p2[NPARMAX+1];
+      hess[i][i]=hessii(p,ftolhess,i,delti,func,npar);
-   double res;
-   double delt=0.0001, delts, nkhi=10.,nkhif=1., khi=1.e-4;
+     /*  printf(" %f ",p[i]);
-   double fx;
+         printf(" %lf %lf %lf",hess[i][i],ftolhess,delti[i]);*/
-   int k=0,kmax=10;
+   }
-   double l1;
+   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) {
-   fx=func(x);
+     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)  {
-   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i];
+       if (j>i) {
-   for(l=0 ; l <=lmax; l++){
+         printf(".%d%d",i,j);fflush(stdout);
-     l1=pow(10,l);
+         fprintf(ficlog,".%d%d",i,j);fflush(ficlog);
-     delts=delt;
+         hess[i][j]=hessij(p,delti,i,j,func,npar);
-     for(k=1 ; k <kmax; k=k+1){
-       delt = delta*(l1*k);
+         hess[j][i]=hess[i][j];
-       p2[theta]=x[theta] +delt;
+         /*printf(" %lf ",hess[i][j]);*/
-       k1=func(p2)-fx;
+       }
-       p2[theta]=x[theta]-delt;
+     }
-       k2=func(p2)-fx;
+   }
-       /*res= (k1-2.0*fx+k2)/delt/delt; */
+   printf("\n");
-       res= (k1+k2)/delt/delt/2.; /* Divided by because L and not 2*L */
+   fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
- #ifdef DEBUG
+   printf("\nInverting the hessian to get the covariance matrix. Wait...\n");
-       printf("%d %d k1=%.12e k2=%.12e xk1=%.12e xk2=%.12e delt=%.12e res=%.12e l=%d k=%d,fx=%.12e\n",theta,theta,k1,k2,x[theta]+delt,x[theta]-delt,delt,res, l, k,fx);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"\nInverting the hessian to get the covariance matrix. Wait...\n");
-       fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k1=%.12e k2=%.12e xk1=%.12e xk2=%.12e delt=%.12e res=%.12e l=%d k=%d,fx=%.12e\n",theta,theta,k1,k2,x[theta]+delt,x[theta]-delt,delt,res, l, k,fx);
- #endif
+   a=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
-       /*if(fabs(k1-2.0*fx+k2) <1.e-13){ */
+   y=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
-       if((k1 <khi/nkhi/2.) || (k2 <khi/nkhi/2.)){
+   x=vector(1,npar);
-         k=kmax;
+   indx=ivector(1,npar);
-       }
+   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
-       else if((k1 >khi/nkhif) || (k2 >khi/nkhif)){ /* Keeps lastvalue before 3.84/2 KHI2 5% 1d.f. */
+     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=hess[i][j];
-         k=kmax; l=lmax*10.;
+   ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd);
-       }
-       else if((k1 >khi/nkhi) || (k2 >khi/nkhi)){
+   for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
-         delts=delt;
+     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0;
-       }
+     x[j]=1;
-     }
+     lubksb(a,npar,indx,x);
-   }
+     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){
-   delti[theta]=delts;
+       matcov[i][j]=x[i];
-   return res;
+     }
+   }
- }
+   printf("\n#Hessian matrix#\n");
- double hessij( double x[], double delti[], int thetai,int thetaj,double (*func)(double []),int npar)
+   fprintf(ficlog,"\n#Hessian matrix#\n");
- {
+   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) {
-   int i;
+     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
-   int l=1, l1, lmax=20;
+       printf("%.3e ",hess[i][j]);
-   double k1,k2,k3,k4,res,fx;
+       fprintf(ficlog,"%.3e ",hess[i][j]);
-   double p2[NPARMAX+1];
+     }
-   int k;
+     printf("\n");
+     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-   fx=func(x);
+   }
-   for (k=1; k<=2; k++) {
-     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i];
+   /* Recompute Inverse */
-     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;
+   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
-     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;
+     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=matcov[i][j];
-     k1=func(p2)-fx;
+   ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd);
-     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;
+   /*  printf("\n#Hessian matrix recomputed#\n");
-     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;
-     k2=func(p2)-fx;
+   for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
+     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0;
-     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;
+     x[j]=1;
-     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;
+     lubksb(a,npar,indx,x);
-     k3=func(p2)-fx;
+     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){
+       y[i][j]=x[i];
-     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;
+       printf("%.3e ",y[i][j]);
-     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;
+       fprintf(ficlog,"%.3e ",y[i][j]);
-     k4=func(p2)-fx;
+     }
-     res=(k1-k2-k3+k4)/4.0/delti[thetai]*k/delti[thetaj]*k/2.; /* Because of L not 2*L */
+     printf("\n");
- #ifdef DEBUG
+     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-     printf("%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
+   }
-     fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
+   */
- #endif
-   }
+   free_matrix(a,1,npar,1,npar);
-   return res;
+   free_matrix(y,1,npar,1,npar);
- }
+   free_vector(x,1,npar);
+   free_ivector(indx,1,npar);
- /************** Inverse of matrix **************/
+   free_matrix(hess,1,npar,1,npar);
- void ludcmp(double **a, int n, int *indx, double *d)
- {
-   int i,imax,j,k;
+ }
-   double big,dum,sum,temp;
-   double *vv;
+ /*************** hessian matrix ****************/
+ double hessii(double x[], double delta, int theta, double delti[], double (*func)(double []), int npar)
-   vv=vector(1,n);
+ {
-   *d=1.0;
+   int i;
-   for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {
+   int l=1, lmax=20;
-     big=0.0;
+   double k1,k2;
-     for (j=1;j<=n;j++)
+   double p2[MAXPARM+1]; /* identical to x */
-       if ((temp=fabs(a[i][j])) > big) big=temp;
+   double res;
-     if (big == 0.0) nrerror("Singular matrix in routine ludcmp");
+   double delt=0.0001, delts, nkhi=10.,nkhif=1., khi=1.e-4;
-     vv[i]=1.0/big;
+   double fx;
-   }
+   int k=0,kmax=10;
-   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
+   double l1;
-     for (i=1;i<j;i++) {
-       sum=a[i][j];
+   fx=func(x);
-       for (k=1;k<i;k++) sum -= a[i][k]*a[k][j];
+   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i];
-       a[i][j]=sum;
+   for(l=0 ; l <=lmax; l++){
-     }
+     l1=pow(10,l);
-     big=0.0;
+     delts=delt;
-     for (i=j;i<=n;i++) {
+     for(k=1 ; k <kmax; k=k+1){
-       sum=a[i][j];
+       delt = delta*(l1*k);
-       for (k=1;k<j;k++)
+       p2[theta]=x[theta] +delt;
-         sum -= a[i][k]*a[k][j];
+       k1=func(p2)-fx;
-       a[i][j]=sum;
+       p2[theta]=x[theta]-delt;
-       if ( (dum=vv[i]*fabs(sum)) >= big) {
+       k2=func(p2)-fx;
-         big=dum;
+       /*res= (k1-2.0*fx+k2)/delt/delt; */
-         imax=i;
+       res= (k1+k2)/delt/delt/2.; /* Divided by because L and not 2*L */
-       }
-     }
+ #ifdef DEBUGHESS
-     if (j != imax) {
+       printf("%d %d k1=%.12e k2=%.12e xk1=%.12e xk2=%.12e delt=%.12e res=%.12e l=%d k=%d,fx=%.12e\n",theta,theta,k1,k2,x[theta]+delt,x[theta]-delt,delt,res, l, k,fx);
-       for (k=1;k<=n;k++) {
+       fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k1=%.12e k2=%.12e xk1=%.12e xk2=%.12e delt=%.12e res=%.12e l=%d k=%d,fx=%.12e\n",theta,theta,k1,k2,x[theta]+delt,x[theta]-delt,delt,res, l, k,fx);
-         dum=a[imax][k];
+ #endif
-         a[imax][k]=a[j][k];
+       /*if(fabs(k1-2.0*fx+k2) <1.e-13){ */
-         a[j][k]=dum;
+       if((k1 <khi/nkhi/2.) || (k2 <khi/nkhi/2.)){
-       }
+         k=kmax;
-       *d = -(*d);
+       }
-       vv[imax]=vv[j];
+       else if((k1 >khi/nkhif) || (k2 >khi/nkhif)){ /* Keeps lastvalue before 3.84/2 KHI2 5% 1d.f. */
-     }
+         k=kmax; l=lmax*10.;
-     indx[j]=imax;
+       }
-     if (a[j][j] == 0.0) a[j][j]=TINY;
+       else if((k1 >khi/nkhi) || (k2 >khi/nkhi)){
-     if (j != n) {
+         delts=delt;
-       dum=1.0/(a[j][j]);
+       }
-       for (i=j+1;i<=n;i++) a[i][j] *= dum;
+     }
-     }
+   }
-   }
+   delti[theta]=delts;
-   free_vector(vv,1,n);  /* Doesn't work */
+   return res;
- ;
  }
- void lubksb(double **a, int n, int *indx, double b[])
+ double hessij( double x[], double delti[], int thetai,int thetaj,double (*func)(double []),int npar)
  {
-   int i,ii=0,ip,j;
+   int i;
-   double sum;
+   int l=1, l1, lmax=20;
+   double k1,k2,k3,k4,res,fx;
-   for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {
+   double p2[MAXPARM+1];
-     ip=indx[i];
+   int k;
-     sum=b[ip];
-     b[ip]=b[i];
+   fx=func(x);
-     if (ii)
+   for (k=1; k<=2; k++) {
-       for (j=ii;j<=i-1;j++) sum -= a[i][j]*b[j];
+     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i];
-     else if (sum) ii=i;
+     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;
-     b[i]=sum;
+     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;
-   }
+     k1=func(p2)-fx;
-   for (i=n;i>=1;i--) {
-     sum=b[i];
+     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;
-     for (j=i+1;j<=n;j++) sum -= a[i][j]*b[j];
+     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;
-     b[i]=sum/a[i][i];
+     k2=func(p2)-fx;
-   }
- }
+     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;
+     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;
- void pstamp(FILE *fichier)
+     k3=func(p2)-fx;
- {
-   fprintf(fichier,"# %s.%s\n#%s\n#%s\n# %s", optionfilefiname,optionfilext,version,fullversion,strstart);
+     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;
- }
+     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;
+     k4=func(p2)-fx;
- /************ Frequencies ********************/
+     res=(k1-k2-k3+k4)/4.0/delti[thetai]*k/delti[thetaj]*k/2.; /* Because of L not 2*L */
- void  freqsummary(char fileres[], int iagemin, int iagemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, int *Tvaraff, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, char strstart[])
+ #ifdef DEBUG
- {  /* Some frequencies */
+     printf("%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
-   int i, m, jk, k1,i1, j1, bool, z1,z2,j;
+ #endif
-   int first;
+   }
-   double ***freq; /* Frequencies */
+   return res;
-   double *pp, **prop;
+ }
-   double pos,posprop, k2, dateintsum=0,k2cpt=0;
-   char fileresp[FILENAMELENGTH];
+ /************** Inverse of matrix **************/
+ void ludcmp(double **a, int n, int *indx, double *d)
-   pp=vector(1,nlstate);
+ {
-   prop=matrix(1,nlstate,iagemin,iagemax+3);
+   int i,imax,j,k;
-   strcpy(fileresp,"p");
+   double big,dum,sum,temp;
-   strcat(fileresp,fileres);
+   double *vv;
-   if((ficresp=fopen(fileresp,"w"))==NULL) {
-     printf("Problem with prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresp);
+   vv=vector(1,n);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresp);
+   *d=1.0;
-     exit(0);
+   for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {
-   }
+     big=0.0;
-   freq= ma3x(-5,nlstate+ndeath,-5,nlstate+ndeath,iagemin,iagemax+3);
+     for (j=1;j<=n;j++)
-   j1=0;
+       if ((temp=fabs(a[i][j])) > big) big=temp;
+     if (big == 0.0) nrerror("Singular matrix in routine ludcmp");
-   j=cptcoveff;
+     vv[i]=1.0/big;
-   if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
+   }
+   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
-   first=1;
+     for (i=1;i<j;i++) {
+       sum=a[i][j];
-   for(k1=1; k1<=j;k1++){
+       for (k=1;k<i;k++) sum -= a[i][k]*a[k][j];
-     for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
+       a[i][j]=sum;
-       j1++;
+     }
-       /*printf("cptcoveff=%d Tvaraff=%d", cptcoveff,Tvaraff[1]);
+     big=0.0;
-         scanf("%d", i);*/
+     for (i=j;i<=n;i++) {
-       for (i=-5; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)
+       sum=a[i][j];
-         for (jk=-5; jk<=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)
+       for (k=1;k<j;k++)
-           for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
+         sum -= a[i][k]*a[k][j];
-             freq[i][jk][m]=0;
+       a[i][j]=sum;
+       if ( (dum=vv[i]*fabs(sum)) >= big) {
-     for (i=1; i<=nlstate; i++)
+         big=dum;
-       for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
+         imax=i;
-         prop[i][m]=0;
+       }
+     }
-       dateintsum=0;
+     if (j != imax) {
-       k2cpt=0;
+       for (k=1;k<=n;k++) {
-       for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
+         dum=a[imax][k];
-         bool=1;
+         a[imax][k]=a[j][k];
-         if  (cptcovn>0) {
+         a[j][k]=dum;
-           for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++)
+       }
-             if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]])
+       *d = -(*d);
-               bool=0;
+       vv[imax]=vv[j];
-         }
+     }
-         if (bool==1){
+     indx[j]=imax;
-           for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){
+     if (a[j][j] == 0.0) a[j][j]=TINY;
-             k2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.);
+     if (j != n) {
-             /*if ((k2>=dateprev1) && (k2<=dateprev2)) {*/
+       dum=1.0/(a[j][j]);
-               if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=iagemax+1;
+       for (i=j+1;i<=n;i++) a[i][j] *= dum;
-               if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=iagemax+2;
+     }
-               if (s[m][i]>0 && s[m][i]<=nlstate) prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
+   }
-               if (m<lastpass) {
+   free_vector(vv,1,n);  /* Doesn't work */
-                 freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
+ ;
-                 freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][iagemax+3] += weight[i];
+ }
-               }
+ void lubksb(double **a, int n, int *indx, double b[])
-               if ((agev[m][i]>1) && (agev[m][i]< (iagemax+3))) {
+ {
-                 dateintsum=dateintsum+k2;
+   int i,ii=0,ip,j;
-                 k2cpt++;
+   double sum;
-               }
-               /*}*/
+   for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {
-           }
+     ip=indx[i];
-         }
+     sum=b[ip];
-       }
+     b[ip]=b[i];
+     if (ii)
-       /*      fprintf(ficresp, "#Count between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2);*/
+       for (j=ii;j<=i-1;j++) sum -= a[i][j]*b[j];
-       pstamp(ficresp);
+     else if (sum) ii=i;
-       if  (cptcovn>0) {
+     b[i]=sum;
-         fprintf(ficresp, "\n#********** Variable ");
+   }
-         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresp, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
+   for (i=n;i>=1;i--) {
-         fprintf(ficresp, "**********\n#");
+     sum=b[i];
-       }
+     for (j=i+1;j<=n;j++) sum -= a[i][j]*b[j];
-       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+     b[i]=sum/a[i][i];
-         fprintf(ficresp, " Age Prev(%d) N(%d) N",i,i);
+   }
-       fprintf(ficresp, "\n");
+ }
-       for(i=iagemin; i <= iagemax+3; i++){
+ void pstamp(FILE *fichier)
-         if(i==iagemax+3){
+ {
-           fprintf(ficlog,"Total");
+   fprintf(fichier,"# %s.%s\n#%s\n#%s\n# %s", optionfilefiname,optionfilext,version,fullversion,strstart);
-         }else{
+ }
-           if(first==1){
-             first=0;
+ /************ Frequencies ********************/
-             printf("See log file for details...\n");
+ void  freqsummary(char fileres[], int iagemin, int iagemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, int *Tvaraff, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, char strstart[])
-           }
+ {  /* Some frequencies */
-           fprintf(ficlog,"Age %d", i);
-         }
+   int i, m, jk, k1,i1, j1, bool, z1,j;
-         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
+   int first;
-           for(m=-1, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath ; m++)
+   double ***freq; /* Frequencies */
-             pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];
+   double *pp, **prop;
-         }
+   double pos,posprop, k2, dateintsum=0,k2cpt=0;
-         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
+   char fileresp[FILENAMELENGTH];
-           for(m=-1, pos=0; m <=0 ; m++)
-             pos += freq[jk][m][i];
+   pp=vector(1,nlstate);
-           if(pp[jk]>=1.e-10){
+   prop=matrix(1,nlstate,iagemin,iagemax+3);
-             if(first==1){
+   strcpy(fileresp,"p");
-             printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pos/pp[jk]);
+   strcat(fileresp,fileres);
-             }
+   if((ficresp=fopen(fileresp,"w"))==NULL) {
-             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pos/pp[jk]);
+     printf("Problem with prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresp);
-           }else{
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresp);
-             if(first==1)
+     exit(0);
-               printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
+   }
-             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
+   freq= ma3x(-5,nlstate+ndeath,-5,nlstate+ndeath,iagemin,iagemax+3);
-           }
+   j1=0;
-         }
+   j=cptcoveff;
-         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
+   if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
-           for(m=0, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)
-             pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];
+   first=1;
-         }
-         for(jk=1,pos=0,posprop=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
+   for(k1=1; k1<=j;k1++){
-           pos += pp[jk];
+     for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
-           posprop += prop[jk][i];
+       j1++;
-         }
+       /*printf("cptcoveff=%d Tvaraff=%d", cptcoveff,Tvaraff[1]);
-         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
+         scanf("%d", i);*/
-           if(pos>=1.e-5){
+       for (i=-5; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)
-             if(first==1)
+         for (jk=-5; jk<=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)
-               printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pp[jk]/pos);
+           for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
-             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pp[jk]/pos);
+             freq[i][jk][m]=0;
-           }else{
-             if(first==1)
+     for (i=1; i<=nlstate; i++)
-               printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
+       for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
-             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
+         prop[i][m]=0;
-           }
-           if( i <= iagemax){
+       dateintsum=0;
-             if(pos>=1.e-5){
+       k2cpt=0;
-               fprintf(ficresp," %d %.5f %.0f %.0f",i,prop[jk][i]/posprop, prop[jk][i],posprop);
+       for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
-               /*probs[i][jk][j1]= pp[jk]/pos;*/
+         bool=1;
-               /*printf("\ni=%d jk=%d j1=%d %.5f %.0f %.0f %f",i,jk,j1,pp[jk]/pos, pp[jk],pos,probs[i][jk][j1]);*/
+         if  (cptcovn>0) {
-             }
+           for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++)
-             else
+             if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]])
-               fprintf(ficresp," %d NaNq %.0f %.0f",i,prop[jk][i],posprop);
+               bool=0;
-           }
+         }
-         }
+         if (bool==1){
+           for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){
-         for(jk=-1; jk <=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)
+             k2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.);
-           for(m=-1; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)
+             /*if ((k2>=dateprev1) && (k2<=dateprev2)) {*/
-             if(freq[jk][m][i] !=0 ) {
+               if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=iagemax+1;
-             if(first==1)
+               if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=iagemax+2;
-               printf(" %d%d=%.0f",jk,m,freq[jk][m][i]);
+               if (s[m][i]>0 && s[m][i]<=nlstate) prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
-               fprintf(ficlog," %d%d=%.0f",jk,m,freq[jk][m][i]);
+               if (m<lastpass) {
-             }
+                 freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
-         if(i <= iagemax)
+                 freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][iagemax+3] += weight[i];
-           fprintf(ficresp,"\n");
+               }
-         if(first==1)
-           printf("Others in log...\n");
+               if ((agev[m][i]>1) && (agev[m][i]< (iagemax+3))) {
-         fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+                 dateintsum=dateintsum+k2;
-       }
+                 k2cpt++;
-     }
+               }
-   }
+               /*}*/
-   dateintmean=dateintsum/k2cpt;
+           }
+         }
-   fclose(ficresp);
+       }
-   free_ma3x(freq,-5,nlstate+ndeath,-5,nlstate+ndeath, iagemin, iagemax+3);
-   free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);
+       /*      fprintf(ficresp, "#Count between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2);*/
-   free_matrix(prop,1,nlstate,iagemin, iagemax+3);
+       pstamp(ficresp);
-   /* End of Freq */
+       if  (cptcovn>0) {
- }
+         fprintf(ficresp, "\n#********** Variable ");
+         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresp, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
- /************ Prevalence ********************/
+         fprintf(ficresp, "**********\n#");
- void prevalence(double ***probs, double agemin, double agemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, double dateprev1,double dateprev2, int firstpass, int lastpass)
+       }
- {
+       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-   /* Compute observed prevalence between dateprev1 and dateprev2 by counting the number of people
+         fprintf(ficresp, " Age Prev(%d) N(%d) N",i,i);
-      in each health status at the date of interview (if between dateprev1 and dateprev2).
+       fprintf(ficresp, "\n");
-      We still use firstpass and lastpass as another selection.
-   */
+       for(i=iagemin; i <= iagemax+3; i++){
+         if(i==iagemax+3){
-   int i, m, jk, k1, i1, j1, bool, z1,z2,j;
+           fprintf(ficlog,"Total");
-   double ***freq; /* Frequencies */
+         }else{
-   double *pp, **prop;
+           if(first==1){
-   double pos,posprop;
+             first=0;
-   double  y2; /* in fractional years */
+             printf("See log file for details...\n");
-   int iagemin, iagemax;
+           }
+           fprintf(ficlog,"Age %d", i);
-   iagemin= (int) agemin;
+         }
-   iagemax= (int) agemax;
+         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
-   /*pp=vector(1,nlstate);*/
+           for(m=-1, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath ; m++)
-   prop=matrix(1,nlstate,iagemin,iagemax+3);
+             pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];
-   /*  freq=ma3x(-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath,iagemin,iagemax+3);*/
+         }
-   j1=0;
+         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
+           for(m=-1, pos=0; m <=0 ; m++)
-   j=cptcoveff;
+             pos += freq[jk][m][i];
-   if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
+           if(pp[jk]>=1.e-10){
+             if(first==1){
-   for(k1=1; k1<=j;k1++){
+               printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pos/pp[jk]);
-     for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
+             }
-       j1++;
+             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pos/pp[jk]);
+           }else{
-       for (i=1; i<=nlstate; i++)
+             if(first==1)
-         for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
+               printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
-           prop[i][m]=0.0;
+             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
+           }
-       for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) { /* Each individual */
+         }
-         bool=1;
-         if  (cptcovn>0) {
+         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
-           for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++)
+           for(m=0, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)
-             if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]])
+             pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];
-               bool=0;
+         }
-         }
+         for(jk=1,pos=0,posprop=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
-         if (bool==1) {
+           pos += pp[jk];
-           for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){/* Other selection (we can limit to certain interviews*/
+           posprop += prop[jk][i];
-             y2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.); /* Fractional date in year */
+         }
-             if ((y2>=dateprev1) && (y2<=dateprev2)) { /* Here is the main selection (fractional years) */
+         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
-               if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=iagemax+1;
+           if(pos>=1.e-5){
-               if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=iagemax+2;
+             if(first==1)
-               if((int)agev[m][i] <iagemin || (int)agev[m][i] >iagemax+3) printf("Error on individual =%d agev[m][i]=%f m=%d\n",i, agev[m][i],m);
+               printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pp[jk]/pos);
-               if (s[m][i]>0 && s[m][i]<=nlstate) {
+             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pp[jk]/pos);
-                 /*if(i>4620) printf(" i=%d m=%d s[m][i]=%d (int)agev[m][i]=%d weight[i]=%f prop=%f\n",i,m,s[m][i],(int)agev[m][m],weight[i],prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]]);*/
+           }else{
-                 prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
+             if(first==1)
-                 prop[s[m][i]][iagemax+3] += weight[i];
+               printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
-               }
+             fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
-             }
+           }
-           } /* end selection of waves */
+           if( i <= iagemax){
-         }
+             if(pos>=1.e-5){
-       }
+               fprintf(ficresp," %d %.5f %.0f %.0f",i,prop[jk][i]/posprop, prop[jk][i],posprop);
-       for(i=iagemin; i <= iagemax+3; i++){
+               /*probs[i][jk][j1]= pp[jk]/pos;*/
+               /*printf("\ni=%d jk=%d j1=%d %.5f %.0f %.0f %f",i,jk,j1,pp[jk]/pos, pp[jk],pos,probs[i][jk][j1]);*/
-         for(jk=1,posprop=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++) {
+             }
-           posprop += prop[jk][i];
+             else
-         }
+               fprintf(ficresp," %d NaNq %.0f %.0f",i,prop[jk][i],posprop);
+           }
-         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
+         }
-           if( i <=  iagemax){
-             if(posprop>=1.e-5){
+         for(jk=-1; jk <=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)
-               probs[i][jk][j1]= prop[jk][i]/posprop;
+           for(m=-1; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)
-             }
+             if(freq[jk][m][i] !=0 ) {
-           }
+             if(first==1)
-         }/* end jk */
+               printf(" %d%d=%.0f",jk,m,freq[jk][m][i]);
-       }/* end i */
+               fprintf(ficlog," %d%d=%.0f",jk,m,freq[jk][m][i]);
-     } /* end i1 */
+             }
-   } /* end k1 */
+         if(i <= iagemax)
+           fprintf(ficresp,"\n");
-   /*  free_ma3x(freq,-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath, iagemin, iagemax+3);*/
+         if(first==1)
-   /*free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);*/
+           printf("Others in log...\n");
-   free_matrix(prop,1,nlstate, iagemin,iagemax+3);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
- }  /* End of prevalence */
+       }
+     }
- /************* Waves Concatenation ***************/
+   }
+   dateintmean=dateintsum/k2cpt;
- void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int **bh,  int **mw, int **s, double *agedc, double **agev, int  firstpass, int lastpass, int imx, int nlstate, int stepm)
- {
+   fclose(ficresp);
-   /* Concatenates waves: wav[i] is the number of effective (useful waves) of individual i.
+   free_ma3x(freq,-5,nlstate+ndeath,-5,nlstate+ndeath, iagemin, iagemax+3);
-      Death is a valid wave (if date is known).
+   free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);
-      mw[mi][i] is the mi (mi=1 to wav[i])  effective wave of individual i
+   free_matrix(prop,1,nlstate,iagemin, iagemax+3);
-      dh[m][i] or dh[mw[mi][i]][i] is the delay between two effective waves m=mw[mi][i]
+   /* End of Freq */
-      and mw[mi+1][i]. dh depends on stepm.
+ }
-      */
+ /************ Prevalence ********************/
-   int i, mi, m;
+ void prevalence(double ***probs, double agemin, double agemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, double dateprev1,double dateprev2, int firstpass, int lastpass)
-   /* int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl,jmin=1e+5, jmax=-1;
+ {
-      double sum=0., jmean=0.;*/
+   /* Compute observed prevalence between dateprev1 and dateprev2 by counting the number of people
-   int first;
+      in each health status at the date of interview (if between dateprev1 and dateprev2).
-   int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl;
+      We still use firstpass and lastpass as another selection.
-   double sum=0.;
+   */
-   first=0;
-   jmin=1e+5;
+   int i, m, jk, k1, i1, j1, bool, z1,j;
-   jmax=-1;
+   double ***freq; /* Frequencies */
-   jmean=0.;
+   double *pp, **prop;
-   for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){
+   double pos,posprop;
-     mi=0;
+   double  y2; /* in fractional years */
-     m=firstpass;
+   int iagemin, iagemax;
-     while(s[m][i] <= nlstate){
-       if(s[m][i]>=1 || s[m][i]==-2 || s[m][i]==-4 || s[m][i]==-5)
+   iagemin= (int) agemin;
-         mw[++mi][i]=m;
+   iagemax= (int) agemax;
-       if(m >=lastpass)
+   /*pp=vector(1,nlstate);*/
-         break;
+   prop=matrix(1,nlstate,iagemin,iagemax+3);
-       else
+   /*  freq=ma3x(-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath,iagemin,iagemax+3);*/
-         m++;
+   j1=0;
-     }/* end while */
-     if (s[m][i] > nlstate){
+   j=cptcoveff;
-       mi++;     /* Death is another wave */
+   if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
-       /* if(mi==0)  never been interviewed correctly before death */
-          /* Only death is a correct wave */
+   for(k1=1; k1<=j;k1++){
-       mw[mi][i]=m;
+     for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
-     }
+       j1++;
-     wav[i]=mi;
+       for (i=1; i<=nlstate; i++)
-     if(mi==0){
+         for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
-       nbwarn++;
+           prop[i][m]=0.0;
-       if(first==0){
-         printf("Warning! No valid information for individual %ld line=%d (skipped) and may be others, see log file\n",num[i],i);
+       for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) { /* Each individual */
-         first=1;
+         bool=1;
-       }
+         if  (cptcovn>0) {
-       if(first==1){
+           for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++)
-         fprintf(ficlog,"Warning! No valid information for individual %ld line=%d (skipped)\n",num[i],i);
+             if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]])
-       }
+               bool=0;
-     } /* end mi==0 */
+         }
-   } /* End individuals */
+         if (bool==1) {
+           for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){/* Other selection (we can limit to certain interviews*/
-   for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){
+             y2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.); /* Fractional date in year */
-     for(mi=1; mi<wav[i];mi++){
+             if ((y2>=dateprev1) && (y2<=dateprev2)) { /* Here is the main selection (fractional years) */
-       if (stepm <=0)
+               if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=iagemax+1;
-         dh[mi][i]=1;
+               if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=iagemax+2;
-       else{
+               if((int)agev[m][i] <iagemin || (int)agev[m][i] >iagemax+3) printf("Error on individual =%d agev[m][i]=%f m=%d\n",i, agev[m][i],m);
-         if (s[mw[mi+1][i]][i] > nlstate) { /* A death */
+               if (s[m][i]>0 && s[m][i]<=nlstate) {
-           if (agedc[i] < 2*AGESUP) {
+                 /*if(i>4620) printf(" i=%d m=%d s[m][i]=%d (int)agev[m][i]=%d weight[i]=%f prop=%f\n",i,m,s[m][i],(int)agev[m][m],weight[i],prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]]);*/
-             j= rint(agedc[i]*12-agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12);
+                 prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
-             if(j==0) j=1;  /* Survives at least one month after exam */
+                 prop[s[m][i]][iagemax+3] += weight[i];
-             else if(j<0){
+               }
-               nberr++;
+             }
-               printf("Error! Negative delay (%d to death) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
+           } /* end selection of waves */
-               j=1; /* Temporary Dangerous patch */
+         }
-               printf("   We assumed that the date of interview was correct (and not the date of death) and postponed the death %d month(s) (one stepm) after the interview. You MUST fix the contradiction between dates.\n",stepm);
+       }
-               fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Negative delay (%d to death) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
+       for(i=iagemin; i <= iagemax+3; i++){
-               fprintf(ficlog,"   We assumed that the date of interview was correct (and not the date of death) and postponed the death %d month(s) (one stepm) after the interview. You MUST fix the contradiction between dates.\n",stepm);
-             }
+         for(jk=1,posprop=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++) {
-             k=k+1;
+           posprop += prop[jk][i];
-             if (j >= jmax){
+         }
-               jmax=j;
-               ijmax=i;
+         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
-             }
+           if( i <=  iagemax){
-             if (j <= jmin){
+             if(posprop>=1.e-5){
-               jmin=j;
+               probs[i][jk][j1]= prop[jk][i]/posprop;
-               ijmin=i;
+             } else
-             }
+               printf("Warning Observed prevalence probs[%d][%d][%d]=%lf because of lack of cases\n",jk,i,j1,probs[i][jk][j1]);
-             sum=sum+j;
+           }
-             /*if (j<0) printf("j=%d num=%d \n",j,i);*/
+         }/* end jk */
-             /*    printf("%d %d %d %d\n", s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i],j,i);*/
+       }/* end i */
-           }
+     } /* end i1 */
-         }
+   } /* end k1 */
-         else{
-           j= rint( (agev[mw[mi+1][i]][i]*12 - agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12));
+   /*  free_ma3x(freq,-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath, iagemin, iagemax+3);*/
- /*        if (j<0) printf("%d %lf %lf %d %d %d\n", i,agev[mw[mi+1][i]][i], agev[mw[mi][i]][i],j,s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]); */
+   /*free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);*/
+   free_matrix(prop,1,nlstate, iagemin,iagemax+3);
-           k=k+1;
+ }  /* End of prevalence */
-           if (j >= jmax) {
-             jmax=j;
+ /************* Waves Concatenation ***************/
-             ijmax=i;
-           }
+ void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int **bh,  int **mw, int **s, double *agedc, double **agev, int  firstpass, int lastpass, int imx, int nlstate, int stepm)
-           else if (j <= jmin){
+ {
-             jmin=j;
+   /* Concatenates waves: wav[i] is the number of effective (useful waves) of individual i.
-             ijmin=i;
+      Death is a valid wave (if date is known).
-           }
+      mw[mi][i] is the mi (mi=1 to wav[i])  effective wave of individual i
-           /*        if (j<10) printf("j=%d jmin=%d num=%d ",j,jmin,i); */
+      dh[m][i] or dh[mw[mi][i]][i] is the delay between two effective waves m=mw[mi][i]
-           /*printf("%d %lf %d %d %d\n", i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],j,s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);*/
+      and mw[mi+1][i]. dh depends on stepm.
-           if(j<0){
+      */
-             nberr++;
-             printf("Error! Negative delay (%d) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
+   int i, mi, m;
-             fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Negative delay (%d) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
+   /* int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl,jmin=1e+5, jmax=-1;
-           }
+      double sum=0., jmean=0.;*/
-           sum=sum+j;
+   int first;
-         }
+   int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl;
-         jk= j/stepm;
+   double sum=0.;
-         jl= j -jk*stepm;
+   first=0;
-         ju= j -(jk+1)*stepm;
+   jmin=1e+5;
-         if(mle <=1){ /* only if we use a the linear-interpoloation pseudo-likelihood */
+   jmax=-1;
-           if(jl==0){
+   jmean=0.;
-             dh[mi][i]=jk;
+   for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){
-             bh[mi][i]=0;
+     mi=0;
-           }else{ /* We want a negative bias in order to only have interpolation ie
+     m=firstpass;
-                   * at the price of an extra matrix product in likelihood */
+     while(s[m][i] <= nlstate){
-             dh[mi][i]=jk+1;
+       if(s[m][i]>=1 || s[m][i]==-2 || s[m][i]==-4 || s[m][i]==-5)
-             bh[mi][i]=ju;
+         mw[++mi][i]=m;
-           }
+       if(m >=lastpass)
-         }else{
+         break;
-           if(jl <= -ju){
+       else
-             dh[mi][i]=jk;
+         m++;
-             bh[mi][i]=jl;       /* bias is positive if real duration
+     }/* end while */
-                                  * is higher than the multiple of stepm and negative otherwise.
+     if (s[m][i] > nlstate){
-                                  */
+       mi++;     /* Death is another wave */
-           }
+       /* if(mi==0)  never been interviewed correctly before death */
-           else{
+          /* Only death is a correct wave */
-             dh[mi][i]=jk+1;
+       mw[mi][i]=m;
-             bh[mi][i]=ju;
+     }
-           }
-           if(dh[mi][i]==0){
+     wav[i]=mi;
-             dh[mi][i]=1; /* At least one step */
+     if(mi==0){
-             bh[mi][i]=ju; /* At least one step */
+       nbwarn++;
-             /*  printf(" bh=%d ju=%d jl=%d dh=%d jk=%d stepm=%d %d\n",bh[mi][i],ju,jl,dh[mi][i],jk,stepm,i);*/
+       if(first==0){
-           }
+         printf("Warning! No valid information for individual %ld line=%d (skipped) and may be others, see log file\n",num[i],i);
-         } /* end if mle */
+         first=1;
        }
-     } /* end wave */
+       if(first==1){
-   }
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Warning! No valid information for individual %ld line=%d (skipped)\n",num[i],i);
-   jmean=sum/k;
+       }
-   printf("Delay (in months) between two waves Min=%d (for indiviudal %ld) Max=%d (%ld) Mean=%f\n\n ",jmin, num[ijmin], jmax, num[ijmax], jmean);
+     } /* end mi==0 */
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Delay (in months) between two waves Min=%d (for indiviudal %ld) Max=%d (%ld) Mean=%f\n\n ",jmin, ijmin, jmax, ijmax, jmean);
+   } /* End individuals */
-  }
+   for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){
- /*********** Tricode ****************************/
+     for(mi=1; mi<wav[i];mi++){
- void tricode(int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int imx)
+       if (stepm <=0)
- {
+         dh[mi][i]=1;
+       else{
-   int Ndum[20],ij=1, k, j, i, maxncov=19;
+         if (s[mw[mi+1][i]][i] > nlstate) { /* A death */
-   int cptcode=0;
+           if (agedc[i] < 2*AGESUP) {
-   cptcoveff=0;
+             j= rint(agedc[i]*12-agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12);
+             if(j==0) j=1;  /* Survives at least one month after exam */
-   for (k=0; k<maxncov; k++) Ndum[k]=0;
+             else if(j<0){
-   for (k=1; k<=7; k++) ncodemax[k]=0;
+               nberr++;
+               printf("Error! Negative delay (%d to death) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
-   for (j=1; j<=(cptcovn+2*cptcovprod); j++) {
+               j=1; /* Temporary Dangerous patch */
-     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) { /*reads the data file to get the maximum
+               printf("   We assumed that the date of interview was correct (and not the date of death) and postponed the death %d month(s) (one stepm) after the interview. You MUST fix the contradiction between dates.\n",stepm);
-                                modality*/
+               fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Negative delay (%d to death) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
-       ij=(int)(covar[Tvar[j]][i]); /* ij is the modality of this individual*/
+               fprintf(ficlog,"   We assumed that the date of interview was correct (and not the date of death) and postponed the death %d month(s) (one stepm) after the interview. You MUST fix the contradiction between dates.\n",stepm);
-       Ndum[ij]++; /*store the modality */
+             }
-       /*printf("i=%d ij=%d Ndum[ij]=%d imx=%d",i,ij,Ndum[ij],imx);*/
+             k=k+1;
-       if (ij > cptcode) cptcode=ij; /* getting the maximum of covariable
+             if (j >= jmax){
-                                        Tvar[j]. If V=sex and male is 0 and
+               jmax=j;
-                                        female is 1, then  cptcode=1.*/
+               ijmax=i;
-     }
+             }
+             if (j <= jmin){
-     for (i=0; i<=cptcode; i++) {
+               jmin=j;
-       if(Ndum[i]!=0) ncodemax[j]++; /* Nomber of modalities of the j th covariates. In fact ncodemax[j]=2 (dichotom. variables) but it can be more */
+               ijmin=i;
-     }
+             }
+             sum=sum+j;
-     ij=1;
+             /*if (j<0) printf("j=%d num=%d \n",j,i);*/
-     for (i=1; i<=ncodemax[j]; i++) {
+             /*    printf("%d %d %d %d\n", s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i],j,i);*/
-       for (k=0; k<= maxncov; k++) {
+           }
-         if (Ndum[k] != 0) {
+         }
-           nbcode[Tvar[j]][ij]=k;
+         else{
-           /* store the modality in an array. k is a modality. If we have model=V1+V1*sex then: nbcode[1][1]=0 ; nbcode[1][2]=1; nbcode[2][1]=0 ; nbcode[2][2]=1; */
+           j= rint( (agev[mw[mi+1][i]][i]*12 - agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12));
+ /*        if (j<0) printf("%d %lf %lf %d %d %d\n", i,agev[mw[mi+1][i]][i], agev[mw[mi][i]][i],j,s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]); */
-           ij++;
-         }
+           k=k+1;
-         if (ij > ncodemax[j]) break;
+           if (j >= jmax) {
-       }
+             jmax=j;
-     }
+             ijmax=i;
-   }
+           }
+           else if (j <= jmin){
-  for (k=0; k< maxncov; k++) Ndum[k]=0;
+             jmin=j;
+             ijmin=i;
-  for (i=1; i<=ncovmodel-2; i++) {
+           }
-    /* Listing of all covariables in statement model to see if some covariates appear twice. For example, V1 appears twice in V1+V1*V2.*/
+           /*        if (j<10) printf("j=%d jmin=%d num=%d ",j,jmin,i); */
-    ij=Tvar[i];
+           /*printf("%d %lf %d %d %d\n", i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],j,s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);*/
-    Ndum[ij]++;
+           if(j<0){
-  }
+             nberr++;
+             printf("Error! Negative delay (%d) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
-  ij=1;
+             fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Negative delay (%d) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
-  for (i=1; i<= maxncov; i++) {
+           }
-    if((Ndum[i]!=0) && (i<=ncovcol)){
+           sum=sum+j;
-      Tvaraff[ij]=i; /*For printing */
+         }
-      ij++;
+         jk= j/stepm;
-    }
+         jl= j -jk*stepm;
-  }
+         ju= j -(jk+1)*stepm;
+         if(mle <=1){ /* only if we use a the linear-interpoloation pseudo-likelihood */
-  cptcoveff=ij-1; /*Number of simple covariates*/
+           if(jl==0){
- }
+             dh[mi][i]=jk;
+             bh[mi][i]=0;
- /*********** Health Expectancies ****************/
+           }else{ /* We want a negative bias in order to only have interpolation ie
+                   * to avoid the price of an extra matrix product in likelihood */
- void evsij(char fileres[], double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int cij, int estepm,char strstart[] )
+             dh[mi][i]=jk+1;
+             bh[mi][i]=ju;
- {
+           }
-   /* Health expectancies, no variances */
+         }else{
-   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm, k, cptj, cptj2, i2, j2;
+           if(jl <= -ju){
-   double age, agelim, hf;
+             dh[mi][i]=jk;
-   double ***p3mat;
+             bh[mi][i]=jl;       /* bias is positive if real duration
-   double eip;
+                                  * is higher than the multiple of stepm and negative otherwise.
+                                  */
-   pstamp(ficreseij);
+           }
-   fprintf(ficreseij,"# (a) Life expectancies by health status at initial age and (b) health expectancies by health status at initial age\n");
+           else{
-   fprintf(ficreseij,"# Age");
+             dh[mi][i]=jk+1;
-   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+             bh[mi][i]=ju;
-     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
+           }
-       fprintf(ficreseij," e%1d%1d ",i,j);
+           if(dh[mi][i]==0){
-     }
+             dh[mi][i]=1; /* At least one step */
-     fprintf(ficreseij," e%1d. ",i);
+             bh[mi][i]=ju; /* At least one step */
-   }
+             /*  printf(" bh=%d ju=%d jl=%d dh=%d jk=%d stepm=%d %d\n",bh[mi][i],ju,jl,dh[mi][i],jk,stepm,i);*/
-   fprintf(ficreseij,"\n");
+           }
+         } /* end if mle */
+       }
-   if(estepm < stepm){
+     } /* end wave */
-     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
+   }
-   }
+   jmean=sum/k;
-   else  hstepm=estepm;
+   printf("Delay (in months) between two waves Min=%d (for indiviudal %ld) Max=%d (%ld) Mean=%f\n\n ",jmin, num[ijmin], jmax, num[ijmax], jmean);
-   /* We compute the life expectancy from trapezoids spaced every estepm months
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Delay (in months) between two waves Min=%d (for indiviudal %d) Max=%d (%d) Mean=%f\n\n ",jmin, ijmin, jmax, ijmax, jmean);
-    * This is mainly to measure the difference between two models: for example
+  }
-    * if stepm=24 months pijx are given only every 2 years and by summing them
-    * we are calculating an estimate of the Life Expectancy assuming a linear
+ /*********** Tricode ****************************/
-    * progression in between and thus overestimating or underestimating according
+ void tricode(int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int imx)
-    * to the curvature of the survival function. If, for the same date, we
+ {
-    * estimate the model with stepm=1 month, we can keep estepm to 24 months
+   /* Uses cptcovn+2*cptcovprod as the number of covariates */
-    * to compare the new estimate of Life expectancy with the same linear
+   /*      Tvar[i]=atoi(stre); /* find 'n' in Vn and stores in Tvar. If model=V2+V1 Tvar[1]=2 and Tvar[2]=1 */
-    * hypothesis. A more precise result, taking into account a more precise
-    * curvature will be obtained if estepm is as small as stepm. */
+   int Ndum[20],ij=1, k=0, j=0, i=0, maxncov=NCOVMAX;
+   int modmaxcovj=0; /* Modality max of covariates j */
-   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
+   cptcoveff=0;
-   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm.
-      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim
+   for (k=0; k<maxncov; k++) Ndum[k]=0;
-      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin.
+   for (k=1; k<=7; k++) ncodemax[k]=0; /* Horrible constant again */
-      Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size
-      and note for a fixed period like estepm months */
+   for (j=1; j<=(cptcovn+2*cptcovprod); j++) { /* For each covariate j */
-   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
+     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) { /*reads the data file to get the maximum value of the
-      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
+                                modality of this covariate Vj*/
-      means that if the survival funtion is printed only each two years of age and if
+       ij=(int)(covar[Tvar[j]][i]); /* ij=0 or 1 or -1. Finds for covariate j, n=Tvar[j] of Vn . ij is the
-      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same
+                                       modality of the nth covariate of individual i. */
-      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
+       Ndum[ij]++; /*counts and stores the occurence of this modality 0, 1, -1*/
-   */
+       /*printf("i=%d ij=%d Ndum[ij]=%d imx=%d",i,ij,Ndum[ij],imx);*/
-   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */
+       if (ij > modmaxcovj) modmaxcovj=ij;
+       /* getting the maximum value of the modality of the covariate
-   agelim=AGESUP;
+          (should be 0 or 1 now) Tvar[j]. If V=sex and male is coded 0 and
-   /* If stepm=6 months */
+          female is 1, then modmaxcovj=1.*/
-     /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepm matrices, stored
+     }
-        in an array of nhstepm length: nhstepm=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
+     /* Ndum[0] = frequency of 0 for model-covariate j, Ndum[1] frequency of 1 etc. */
+     for (i=0; i<=modmaxcovj; i++) { /* i=-1 ? 0 and 1*//* For each modality of model-cov j */
- /* nhstepm age range expressed in number of stepm */
+       if( Ndum[i] != 0 )
-   nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm);
+         ncodemax[j]++;
-   /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */
+       /* Number of modalities of the j th covariate. In fact
-   /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
+          ncodemax[j]=2 (dichotom. variables only) but it could be more for
-   nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
+          historical reasons */
-   p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+     } /* Ndum[-1] number of undefined modalities */
-   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){
+     /* j is a covariate, n=Tvar[j] of Vn; Fills nbcode */
+     ij=1;
+     for (i=1; i<=ncodemax[j]; i++) { /* i= 1 to 2 for dichotomous */
-     hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, cij);
+       for (k=0; k<= modmaxcovj; k++) { /* k=-1 ? NCOVMAX*//* maxncov or modmaxcovj */
+         if (Ndum[k] != 0) { /* If at least one individual responded to this modality k */
-     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
+           nbcode[Tvar[j]][ij]=k;  /* stores the modality in an array nbcode.
+                                      k is a modality. If we have model=V1+V1*sex
-     printf("%d|",(int)age);fflush(stdout);
+                                      then: nbcode[1][1]=0 ; nbcode[1][2]=1; nbcode[2][1]=0 ; nbcode[2][2]=1; */
-     fprintf(ficlog,"%d|",(int)age);fflush(ficlog);
+           ij++;
+         }
+         if (ij > ncodemax[j]) break;
-     /* Computing expectancies */
+       }  /* end of loop on */
-     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+     } /* end of loop on modality */
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
+   } /* end of loop on model-covariate j. nbcode[Tvarj][1]=0 and nbcode[Tvarj][2]=1 sets the value of covariate j*/
-         for (h=0, eij[i][j][(int)age]=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
-           eij[i][j][(int)age] += (p3mat[i][j][h]+p3mat[i][j][h+1])/2.0*hf;
+   for (k=0; k< maxncov; k++) Ndum[k]=0;
-           /*if((int)age==70)printf("i=%2d,j=%2d,h=%2d,age=%3d,%9.4f,%9.4f,%9.4f\n",i,j,h,(int)age,p3mat[i][j][h],hf,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
+   for (i=1; i<=ncovmodel-2; i++) { /* -2, cste and age */
+    /* Listing of all covariables in statement model to see if some covariates appear twice. For example, V1 appears twice in V1+V1*V2.*/
-         }
+    ij=Tvar[i]; /* Tvar might be -1 if status was unknown */
+    Ndum[ij]++;
-     fprintf(ficreseij,"%3.0f",age );
+  }
-     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
-       eip=0;
+  ij=1;
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
+  for (i=1; i<= maxncov; i++) { /* modmaxcovj is unknown here. Only Ndum[2(V2),3(age*V3), 5(V3*V2) 6(V1*V4) */
-         eip +=eij[i][j][(int)age];
+    if((Ndum[i]!=0) && (i<=ncovcol)){
-         fprintf(ficreseij,"%9.4f", eij[i][j][(int)age] );
+      Tvaraff[ij]=i; /*For printing */
-       }
+      ij++;
-       fprintf(ficreseij,"%9.4f", eip );
+    }
-     }
+  }
-     fprintf(ficreseij,"\n");
+  ij--;
+  cptcoveff=ij; /*Number of simple covariates*/
-   }
+ }
-   free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-   printf("\n");
+ /*********** Health Expectancies ****************/
-   fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+ void evsij(double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int cij, int estepm,char strstart[] )
- }
+ {
- void cvevsij(char fileres[], double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int cij, int estepm,double delti[],double **matcov,char strstart[] )
+   /* Health expectancies, no variances */
+   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm, k, cptj, cptj2, i2, j2;
- {
+   int nhstepma, nstepma; /* Decreasing with age */
-   /* Covariances of health expectancies eij and of total life expectancies according
+   double age, agelim, hf;
-    to initial status i, ei. .
+   double ***p3mat;
-   */
+   double eip;
-   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm, k, cptj, cptj2, i2, j2, ij, ji;
-   double age, agelim, hf;
+   pstamp(ficreseij);
-   double ***p3matp, ***p3matm, ***varhe;
+   fprintf(ficreseij,"# (a) Life expectancies by health status at initial age and (b) health expectancies by health status at initial age\n");
-   double **dnewm,**doldm;
+   fprintf(ficreseij,"# Age");
-   double *xp, *xm;
+   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
-   double **gp, **gm;
+     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
-   double ***gradg, ***trgradg;
+       fprintf(ficreseij," e%1d%1d ",i,j);
-   int theta;
+     }
+     fprintf(ficreseij," e%1d. ",i);
-   double eip, vip;
+   }
+   fprintf(ficreseij,"\n");
-   varhe=ma3x(1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
-   xp=vector(1,npar);
-   xm=vector(1,npar);
+   if(estepm < stepm){
-   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
+     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
-   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate);
+   }
+   else  hstepm=estepm;
-   pstamp(ficresstdeij);
+   /* We compute the life expectancy from trapezoids spaced every estepm months
-   fprintf(ficresstdeij,"# Health expectancies with standard errors\n");
+    * This is mainly to measure the difference between two models: for example
-   fprintf(ficresstdeij,"# Age");
+    * if stepm=24 months pijx are given only every 2 years and by summing them
-   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+    * we are calculating an estimate of the Life Expectancy assuming a linear
-     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
+    * progression in between and thus overestimating or underestimating according
-       fprintf(ficresstdeij," e%1d%1d (SE)",i,j);
+    * to the curvature of the survival function. If, for the same date, we
-     fprintf(ficresstdeij," e%1d. ",i);
+    * estimate the model with stepm=1 month, we can keep estepm to 24 months
-   }
+    * to compare the new estimate of Life expectancy with the same linear
-   fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n");
+    * hypothesis. A more precise result, taking into account a more precise
+    * curvature will be obtained if estepm is as small as stepm. */
-   pstamp(ficrescveij);
-   fprintf(ficrescveij,"# Subdiagonal matrix of covariances of health expectancies by age: cov(eij,ekl)\n");
+   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
-   fprintf(ficrescveij,"# Age");
+   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm.
-   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim
-     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
+      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin.
-       cptj= (j-1)*nlstate+i;
+      Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size
-       for(i2=1; i2<=nlstate;i2++)
+      and note for a fixed period like estepm months */
-         for(j2=1; j2<=nlstate;j2++){
+   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
-           cptj2= (j2-1)*nlstate+i2;
+      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
-           if(cptj2 <= cptj)
+      means that if the survival funtion is printed only each two years of age and if
-             fprintf(ficrescveij,"  %1d%1d,%1d%1d",i,j,i2,j2);
+      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same
-         }
+      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
-     }
+   */
-   fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n");
+   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */
-   if(estepm < stepm){
+   agelim=AGESUP;
-     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
+   /* If stepm=6 months */
-   }
+     /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepm matrices, stored
-   else  hstepm=estepm;
+        in an array of nhstepm length: nhstepm=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
-   /* We compute the life expectancy from trapezoids spaced every estepm months
-    * This is mainly to measure the difference between two models: for example
+ /* nhstepm age range expressed in number of stepm */
-    * if stepm=24 months pijx are given only every 2 years and by summing them
+   nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm); /* Biggest nstepm */
-    * we are calculating an estimate of the Life Expectancy assuming a linear
+   /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */
-    * progression in between and thus overestimating or underestimating according
+   /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
-    * to the curvature of the survival function. If, for the same date, we
+   nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
-    * estimate the model with stepm=1 month, we can keep estepm to 24 months
+   p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-    * to compare the new estimate of Life expectancy with the same linear
-    * hypothesis. A more precise result, taking into account a more precise
+   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){
-    * curvature will be obtained if estepm is as small as stepm. */
+     nstepma=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm); /* Biggest nstepm */
+     /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */
-   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
+     /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
-   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm.
+     nhstepma = nstepma/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepma=40/4=10 */
-      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim
-      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin.
+     /* If stepm=6 months */
-      Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size
+     /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepma matrices, stored
-      and note for a fixed period like estepm months */
+        in an array of nhstepma length: nhstepma=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
-   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
-      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
+     hpxij(p3mat,nhstepma,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, cij);
-      means that if the survival funtion is printed only each two years of age and if
-      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same
+     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
-      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
-   */
+     printf("%d|",(int)age);fflush(stdout);
-   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */
+     fprintf(ficlog,"%d|",(int)age);fflush(ficlog);
-   /* If stepm=6 months */
+     /* Computing expectancies */
-   /* nhstepm age range expressed in number of stepm */
+     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-   agelim=AGESUP;
+       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
-   nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm);
+         for (h=0, eij[i][j][(int)age]=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
-   /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */
+           eij[i][j][(int)age] += (p3mat[i][j][h]+p3mat[i][j][h+1])/2.0*hf;
-   /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
-   nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
+           /* if((int)age==70)printf("i=%2d,j=%2d,h=%2d,age=%3d,%9.4f,%9.4f,%9.4f\n",i,j,h,(int)age,p3mat[i][j][h],hf,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
-   p3matp=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+         }
-   p3matm=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-   gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate*nlstate);
+     fprintf(ficreseij,"%3.0f",age );
-   trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
+     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
-   gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
+       eip=0;
-   gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
+       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
+         eip +=eij[i][j][(int)age];
-   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){
+         fprintf(ficreseij,"%9.4f", eij[i][j][(int)age] );
+       }
-     /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepm matrices, stored
+       fprintf(ficreseij,"%9.4f", eip );
-        in an array of nhstepm length: nhstepm=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
+     }
+     fprintf(ficreseij,"\n");
-     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
+   }
-     /* Computing  Variances of health expectancies */
+   free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-     /* Gradient is computed with plus gp and minus gm. Code is duplicated in order to
+   printf("\n");
-        decrease memory allocation */
+   fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
-       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){
+ }
-         xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
-         xm[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
+ void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int cij, int estepm,double delti[],double **matcov,char strstart[] )
-       }
-       hpxij(p3matp,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, cij);
+ {
-       hpxij(p3matm,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xm,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, cij);
+   /* Covariances of health expectancies eij and of total life expectancies according
+    to initial status i, ei. .
-       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
+   */
-         for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++){
+   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm, k, cptj, cptj2, i2, j2, ij, ji;
-           for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
+   int nhstepma, nstepma; /* Decreasing with age */
-             gp[h][(j-1)*nlstate + i] = (p3matp[i][j][h]+p3matp[i][j][h+1])/2.;
+   double age, agelim, hf;
-             gm[h][(j-1)*nlstate + i] = (p3matm[i][j][h]+p3matm[i][j][h+1])/2.;
+   double ***p3matp, ***p3matm, ***varhe;
-           }
+   double **dnewm,**doldm;
-         }
+   double *xp, *xm;
-       }
+   double **gp, **gm;
+   double ***gradg, ***trgradg;
-       for(ij=1; ij<= nlstate*nlstate; ij++)
+   int theta;
-         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
-           gradg[h][theta][ij]= (gp[h][ij]-gm[h][ij])/2./delti[theta];
+   double eip, vip;
-         }
-     }/* End theta */
+   varhe=ma3x(1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
+   xp=vector(1,npar);
+   xm=vector(1,npar);
-     for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++)
+   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate*nlstate;j++)
+   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate);
-         for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
-           trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];
+   pstamp(ficresstdeij);
+   fprintf(ficresstdeij,"# Health expectancies with standard errors\n");
+   fprintf(ficresstdeij,"# Age");
-      for(ij=1;ij<=nlstate*nlstate;ij++)
+   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
-       for(ji=1;ji<=nlstate*nlstate;ji++)
+     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
-         varhe[ij][ji][(int)age] =0.;
+       fprintf(ficresstdeij," e%1d%1d (SE)",i,j);
+     fprintf(ficresstdeij," e%1d. ",i);
-      printf("%d|",(int)age);fflush(stdout);
+   }
-      fprintf(ficlog,"%d|",(int)age);fflush(ficlog);
+   fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n");
-      for(h=0;h<=nhstepm-1;h++){
-       for(k=0;k<=nhstepm-1;k++){
+   pstamp(ficrescveij);
-         matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+   fprintf(ficrescveij,"# Subdiagonal matrix of covariances of health expectancies by age: cov(eij,ekl)\n");
-         matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate*nlstate,gradg[k]);
+   fprintf(ficrescveij,"# Age");
-         for(ij=1;ij<=nlstate*nlstate;ij++)
+   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-           for(ji=1;ji<=nlstate*nlstate;ji++)
+     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
-             varhe[ij][ji][(int)age] += doldm[ij][ji]*hf*hf;
+       cptj= (j-1)*nlstate+i;
-       }
+       for(i2=1; i2<=nlstate;i2++)
-     }
+         for(j2=1; j2<=nlstate;j2++){
+           cptj2= (j2-1)*nlstate+i2;
-     /* Computing expectancies */
+           if(cptj2 <= cptj)
-     hpxij(p3matm,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, cij);
+             fprintf(ficrescveij,"  %1d%1d,%1d%1d",i,j,i2,j2);
-     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+         }
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
+     }
-         for (h=0, eij[i][j][(int)age]=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
+   fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n");
-           eij[i][j][(int)age] += (p3matm[i][j][h]+p3matm[i][j][h+1])/2.0*hf;
+   if(estepm < stepm){
-           /* if((int)age==70)printf("i=%2d,j=%2d,h=%2d,age=%3d,%9.4f,%9.4f,%9.4f\n",i,j,h,(int)age,p3mat[i][j][h],hf,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
+     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
+   }
-         }
+   else  hstepm=estepm;
+   /* We compute the life expectancy from trapezoids spaced every estepm months
-     fprintf(ficresstdeij,"%3.0f",age );
+    * This is mainly to measure the difference between two models: for example
-     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+    * if stepm=24 months pijx are given only every 2 years and by summing them
-       eip=0.;
+    * we are calculating an estimate of the Life Expectancy assuming a linear
-       vip=0.;
+    * progression in between and thus overestimating or underestimating according
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
+    * to the curvature of the survival function. If, for the same date, we
-         eip += eij[i][j][(int)age];
+    * estimate the model with stepm=1 month, we can keep estepm to 24 months
-         for(k=1; k<=nlstate;k++) /* Sum on j and k of cov(eij,eik) */
+    * to compare the new estimate of Life expectancy with the same linear
-           vip += varhe[(j-1)*nlstate+i][(k-1)*nlstate+i][(int)age];
+    * hypothesis. A more precise result, taking into account a more precise
-         fprintf(ficresstdeij," %9.4f (%.4f)", eij[i][j][(int)age], sqrt(varhe[(j-1)*nlstate+i][(j-1)*nlstate+i][(int)age]) );
+    * curvature will be obtained if estepm is as small as stepm. */
-       }
-       fprintf(ficresstdeij," %9.4f (%.4f)", eip, sqrt(vip));
+   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
-     }
+   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm.
-     fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n");
+      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim
+      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin.
-     fprintf(ficrescveij,"%3.0f",age );
+      Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size
-     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+      and note for a fixed period like estepm months */
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
+   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
-         cptj= (j-1)*nlstate+i;
+      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
-         for(i2=1; i2<=nlstate;i2++)
+      means that if the survival funtion is printed only each two years of age and if
-           for(j2=1; j2<=nlstate;j2++){
+      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same
-             cptj2= (j2-1)*nlstate+i2;
+      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
-             if(cptj2 <= cptj)
+   */
-               fprintf(ficrescveij," %.4f", varhe[cptj][cptj2][(int)age]);
+   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */
-           }
-       }
+   /* If stepm=6 months */
-     fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n");
+   /* nhstepm age range expressed in number of stepm */
+   agelim=AGESUP;
-   }
+   nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm);
-   free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
+   /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */
-   free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
+   /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
-   free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate*nlstate);
+   nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
-   free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
-   free_ma3x(p3matm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+   p3matp=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-   free_ma3x(p3matp,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+   p3matm=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-   printf("\n");
+   gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate*nlstate);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+   trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
+   gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
-   free_vector(xm,1,npar);
+   gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
-   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
-   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
+   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){
-   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate);
+     nstepma=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm); /* Biggest nstepm */
-   free_ma3x(varhe,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+     /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */
- }
+     /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
+     nhstepma = nstepma/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepma=40/4=10 */
- /************ Variance ******************/
- void varevsij(char optionfilefiname[], double ***vareij, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij, int estepm, int cptcov, int cptcod, int popbased, int mobilav, char strstart[])
+     /* If stepm=6 months */
- {
+     /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepma matrices, stored
-   /* Variance of health expectancies */
+        in an array of nhstepma length: nhstepma=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
-   /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double ** savm,double ftolpl);*/
-   /* double **newm;*/
+     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
-   double **dnewm,**doldm;
-   double **dnewmp,**doldmp;
+     /* Computing  Variances of health expectancies */
-   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm ;
+     /* Gradient is computed with plus gp and minus gm. Code is duplicated in order to
-   int k, cptcode;
+        decrease memory allocation */
-   double *xp;
+     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
-   double **gp, **gm;  /* for var eij */
+       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){
-   double ***gradg, ***trgradg; /*for var eij */
+         xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
-   double **gradgp, **trgradgp; /* for var p point j */
+         xm[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
-   double *gpp, *gmp; /* for var p point j */
+       }
-   double **varppt; /* for var p point j nlstate to nlstate+ndeath */
+       hpxij(p3matp,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, cij);
-   double ***p3mat;
+       hpxij(p3matm,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xm,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, cij);
-   double age,agelim, hf;
-   double ***mobaverage;
+       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
-   int theta;
+         for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++){
-   char digit[4];
+           for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
-   char digitp[25];
+             gp[h][(j-1)*nlstate + i] = (p3matp[i][j][h]+p3matp[i][j][h+1])/2.;
+             gm[h][(j-1)*nlstate + i] = (p3matm[i][j][h]+p3matm[i][j][h+1])/2.;
-   char fileresprobmorprev[FILENAMELENGTH];
+           }
+         }
-   if(popbased==1){
+       }
-     if(mobilav!=0)
-       strcpy(digitp,"-populbased-mobilav-");
+       for(ij=1; ij<= nlstate*nlstate; ij++)
-     else strcpy(digitp,"-populbased-nomobil-");
+         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
-   }
+           gradg[h][theta][ij]= (gp[h][ij]-gm[h][ij])/2./delti[theta];
-   else
+         }
-     strcpy(digitp,"-stablbased-");
+     }/* End theta */
-   if (mobilav!=0) {
-     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+     for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++)
-     if (movingaverage(probs, bage, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
+       for(j=1; j<=nlstate*nlstate;j++)
-       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+         for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
-       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+           trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];
-     }
-   }
+      for(ij=1;ij<=nlstate*nlstate;ij++)
-   strcpy(fileresprobmorprev,"prmorprev");
+       for(ji=1;ji<=nlstate*nlstate;ji++)
-   sprintf(digit,"%-d",ij);
+         varhe[ij][ji][(int)age] =0.;
-   /*printf("DIGIT=%s, ij=%d ijr=%-d|\n",digit, ij,ij);*/
-   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digit); /* Tvar to be done */
+      printf("%d|",(int)age);fflush(stdout);
-   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digitp); /* Popbased or not, mobilav or not */
+      fprintf(ficlog,"%d|",(int)age);fflush(ficlog);
-   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,fileres);
+      for(h=0;h<=nhstepm-1;h++){
-   if((ficresprobmorprev=fopen(fileresprobmorprev,"w"))==NULL) {
+       for(k=0;k<=nhstepm-1;k++){
-     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
+         matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
+         matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate*nlstate,gradg[k]);
-   }
+         for(ij=1;ij<=nlstate*nlstate;ij++)
-   printf("Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
+           for(ji=1;ji<=nlstate*nlstate;ji++)
+             varhe[ij][ji][(int)age] += doldm[ij][ji]*hf*hf;
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
+       }
-   pstamp(ficresprobmorprev);
+     }
-   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# probabilities of dying before estepm=%d months for people of exact age and weighted probabilities w1*p1j+w2*p2j+... stand dev in()\n",estepm);
-   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# Age cov=%-d",ij);
+     /* Computing expectancies */
-   for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
+     hpxij(p3matm,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, cij);
-     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," p.%-d SE",j);
+     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
-       fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," w%1d p%-d%-d",i,i,j);
+         for (h=0, eij[i][j][(int)age]=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
-   }
+           eij[i][j][(int)age] += (p3matm[i][j][h]+p3matm[i][j][h+1])/2.0*hf;
-   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varevsij");
+           /* if((int)age==70)printf("i=%2d,j=%2d,h=%2d,age=%3d,%9.4f,%9.4f,%9.4f\n",i,j,h,(int)age,p3mat[i][j][h],hf,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
-   /* fprintf(fichtm, "#Local time at start: %s", strstart);*/
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing probabilities of dying over estepm months as a weighted average (i.e global mortality independent of initial healh state)</h4></li>\n");
+         }
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>%s  <br>\n",digitp);
- /*   } */
+     fprintf(ficresstdeij,"%3.0f",age );
-   varppt = matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
-   pstamp(ficresvij);
+       eip=0.;
-   fprintf(ficresvij,"# Variance and covariance of health expectancies e.j \n#  (weighted average of eij where weights are ");
+       vip=0.;
-   if(popbased==1)
+       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
-     fprintf(ficresvij,"the age specific prevalence observed in the population i.e cross-sectionally\n in each health state (popbased=1)");
+         eip += eij[i][j][(int)age];
-   else
+         for(k=1; k<=nlstate;k++) /* Sum on j and k of cov(eij,eik) */
-     fprintf(ficresvij,"the age specific period (stable) prevalences in each health state \n");
+           vip += varhe[(j-1)*nlstate+i][(k-1)*nlstate+i][(int)age];
-   fprintf(ficresvij,"# Age");
+         fprintf(ficresstdeij," %9.4f (%.4f)", eij[i][j][(int)age], sqrt(varhe[(j-1)*nlstate+i][(j-1)*nlstate+i][(int)age]) );
-   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+       }
-     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
+       fprintf(ficresstdeij," %9.4f (%.4f)", eip, sqrt(vip));
-       fprintf(ficresvij," Cov(e.%1d, e.%1d)",i,j);
+     }
-   fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
+     fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n");
-   xp=vector(1,npar);
+     fprintf(ficrescveij,"%3.0f",age );
-   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
+     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
+       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
-   dnewmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
+         cptj= (j-1)*nlstate+i;
-   doldmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+         for(i2=1; i2<=nlstate;i2++)
+           for(j2=1; j2<=nlstate;j2++){
-   gradgp=matrix(1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+             cptj2= (j2-1)*nlstate+i2;
-   gpp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+             if(cptj2 <= cptj)
-   gmp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+               fprintf(ficrescveij," %.4f", varhe[cptj][cptj2][(int)age]);
-   trgradgp =matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
+           }
+       }
-   if(estepm < stepm){
+     fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n");
-     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
    }
-   else  hstepm=estepm;
+   free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
-   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
+   free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
-   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm.
+   free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate*nlstate);
-      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim
+   free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
-      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin.
+   free_ma3x(p3matm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-      Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size
+   free_ma3x(p3matp,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-      and note for a fixed period like k years */
+   printf("\n");
-   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
+   fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
-      means that if the survival funtion is printed every two years of age and if
+   free_vector(xm,1,npar);
-      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same
+   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
-      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
+   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
-   */
+   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate);
-   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */
+   free_ma3x(varhe,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
-   agelim = AGESUP;
+ }
-   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
-     nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */
+ /************ Variance ******************/
-     nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
+ void varevsij(char optionfilefiname[], double ***vareij, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij, int estepm, int cptcov, int cptcod, int popbased, int mobilav, char strstart[])
-     p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+ {
-     gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
+   /* Variance of health expectancies */
-     gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
+   /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double ** savm,double ftolpl);*/
-     gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
+   /* double **newm;*/
+   double **dnewm,**doldm;
+   double **dnewmp,**doldmp;
-     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
+   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm ;
-       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient x + delta*/
+   int k, cptcode;
-         xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
+   double *xp;
-       }
+   double **gp, **gm;  /* for var eij */
-       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);
+   double ***gradg, ***trgradg; /*for var eij */
-       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
+   double **gradgp, **trgradgp; /* for var p point j */
+   double *gpp, *gmp; /* for var p point j */
-       if (popbased==1) {
+   double **varppt; /* for var p point j nlstate to nlstate+ndeath */
-         if(mobilav ==0){
+   double ***p3mat;
-           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+   double age,agelim, hf;
-             prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
+   double ***mobaverage;
-         }else{ /* mobilav */
+   int theta;
-           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+   char digit[4];
-             prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
+   char digitp[25];
-         }
-       }
+   char fileresprobmorprev[FILENAMELENGTH];
-       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
+   if(popbased==1){
-         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
+     if(mobilav!=0)
-           for(i=1, gp[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
+       strcpy(digitp,"-populbased-mobilav-");
-             gp[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
+     else strcpy(digitp,"-populbased-nomobil-");
-         }
+   }
-       }
+   else
-       /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
+     strcpy(digitp,"-stablbased-");
-          computed over hstepm matrices product = hstepm*stepm months)
-          as a weighted average of prlim.
+   if (mobilav!=0) {
-       */
+     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-       for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+     if (movingaverage(probs, bage, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
-         for(i=1,gpp[j]=0.; i<= nlstate; i++)
+       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-           gpp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
+       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-       }
+     }
-       /* end probability of death */
+   }
-       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient x - delta */
+   strcpy(fileresprobmorprev,"prmorprev");
-         xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
+   sprintf(digit,"%-d",ij);
-       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);
+   /*printf("DIGIT=%s, ij=%d ijr=%-d|\n",digit, ij,ij);*/
-       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
+   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digit); /* Tvar to be done */
+   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digitp); /* Popbased or not, mobilav or not */
-       if (popbased==1) {
+   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,fileres);
-         if(mobilav ==0){
+   if((ficresprobmorprev=fopen(fileresprobmorprev,"w"))==NULL) {
-           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
-             prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
-         }else{ /* mobilav */
+   }
-           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+   printf("Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
-             prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
-         }
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
-       }
+   pstamp(ficresprobmorprev);
+   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# probabilities of dying before estepm=%d months for people of exact age and weighted probabilities w1*p1j+w2*p2j+... stand dev in()\n",estepm);
-       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
+   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# Age cov=%-d",ij);
-         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
+   for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
-           for(i=1, gm[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
+     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," p.%-d SE",j);
-             gm[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
+     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-         }
+       fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," w%1d p%-d%-d",i,i,j);
-       }
+   }
-       /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
+   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
-          computed over hstepm matrices product = hstepm*stepm months)
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varevsij");
-          as a weighted average of prlim.
+   /* fprintf(fichtm, "#Local time at start: %s", strstart);*/
-       */
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing probabilities of dying over estepm months as a weighted average (i.e global mortality independent of initial healh state)</h4></li>\n");
-       for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>%s  <br>\n",digitp);
-         for(i=1,gmp[j]=0.; i<= nlstate; i++)
+ /*   } */
-          gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
+   varppt = matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-       }
+   pstamp(ficresvij);
-       /* end probability of death */
+   fprintf(ficresvij,"# Variance and covariance of health expectancies e.j \n#  (weighted average of eij where weights are ");
+   if(popbased==1)
-       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++) /* vareij */
+     fprintf(ficresvij,"the age specific prevalence observed (cross-sectionally) in the population i.e cross-sectionally\n in each health state (popbased=1) (mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
+   else
-           gradg[h][theta][j]= (gp[h][j]-gm[h][j])/2./delti[theta];
+     fprintf(ficresvij,"the age specific period (stable) prevalences in each health state \n");
-         }
+   fprintf(ficresvij,"# Age");
+   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-       for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ /* var mu */
+     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
-         gradgp[theta][j]= (gpp[j]-gmp[j])/2./delti[theta];
+       fprintf(ficresvij," Cov(e.%1d, e.%1d)",i,j);
-       }
+   fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
-     } /* End theta */
+   xp=vector(1,npar);
+   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
-     trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar); /* veij */
+   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
+   dnewmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
-     for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++) /* veij */
+   doldmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
-         for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
+   gradgp=matrix(1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-           trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];
+   gpp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+   gmp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-     for(j=nlstate+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) /* mu */
+   trgradgp =matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
-       for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
-         trgradgp[j][theta]=gradgp[theta][j];
+   if(estepm < stepm){
+     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
+   }
-     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
+   else  hstepm=estepm;
-     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
-       for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
+   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm.
-         vareij[i][j][(int)age] =0.;
+      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim
+      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin.
-     for(h=0;h<=nhstepm;h++){
+      Look at function hpijx to understand why (it is linked to memory size questions) */
-       for(k=0;k<=nhstepm;k++){
+   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
-         matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
-         matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg[k]);
+      means that if the survival funtion is printed every two years of age and if
-         for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same
-           for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
+      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
-             vareij[i][j][(int)age] += doldm[i][j]*hf*hf;
+   */
-       }
+   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */
-     }
+   agelim = AGESUP;
+   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
-     /* pptj */
+     nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */
-     matprod2(dnewmp,trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+     nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
-     matprod2(doldmp,dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,gradgp);
+     p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-     for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+     gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
-       for(i=nlstate+1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
+     gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
-         varppt[j][i]=doldmp[j][i];
+     gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
-     /* end ppptj */
-     /*  x centered again */
-     hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);
+     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
-     prevalim(prlim,nlstate,x,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
+       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient x + delta*/
+         xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
-     if (popbased==1) {
+       }
-       if(mobilav ==0){
+       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);
-         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
-           prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
-       }else{ /* mobilav */
+       if (popbased==1) {
-         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+         if(mobilav ==0){
-           prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
+           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-       }
+             prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
-     }
+         }else{ /* mobilav */
+           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-     /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
+             prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
-        computed over hstepm (estepm) matrices product = hstepm*stepm months)
+         }
-        as a weighted average of prlim.
+       }
-     */
-     for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
-       for(i=1,gmp[j]=0.;i<= nlstate; i++)
+         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
-         gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
+           for(i=1, gp[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
-     }
+             gp[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
-     /* end probability of death */
+         }
+       }
-     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"%3d %d ",(int) age, ij);
+       /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
-     for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
+          computed over hstepm matrices product = hstepm*stepm months)
-       fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e",gmp[j], sqrt(varppt[j][j]));
+          as a weighted average of prlim.
-       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+       */
-         fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e ",prlim[i][i],p3mat[i][j][1]);
+       for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-       }
+         for(i=1,gpp[j]=0.; i<= nlstate; i++)
-     }
+           gpp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
-     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
+       }
+       /* end probability of death */
-     fprintf(ficresvij,"%.0f ",age );
-     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient x - delta */
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
+         xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
-         fprintf(ficresvij," %.4f", vareij[i][j][(int)age]);
+       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);
-       }
+       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
-     fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
-     free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
+       if (popbased==1) {
-     free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
+         if(mobilav ==0){
-     free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
+           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-     free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
+             prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
-     free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+         }else{ /* mobilav */
-   } /* End age */
+           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-   free_vector(gpp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+             prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
-   free_vector(gmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+         }
-   free_matrix(gradgp,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+       }
-   free_matrix(trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset noparametric;set nolabel; set ter png small;set size 0.65, 0.65");
+       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){  /* Sum of wi * eij = e.j */
-   /* for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ *//* Only the first actually */
+         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n set log y; set nolog x;set xlabel \"Age\"; set ylabel \"Force of mortality (year-1)\";");
+           for(i=1, gm[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
- /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n plot \"%s\"  u 1:($3*%6.3f) not w l 1 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
+             gm[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
- /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3+1.96*$4)*%6.3f) t \"95\%% interval\" w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
+         }
- /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3-1.96*$4)*%6.3f) not w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
+       }
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n plot \"%s\"  u 1:($3) not w l 1 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
+       /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3+1.96*$4)) t \"95\%% interval\" w l 2 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
+          computed over hstepm matrices product = hstepm*stepm months)
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3-1.96*$4)) not w l 2 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
+          as a weighted average of prlim.
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> File (multiple files are possible if covariates are present): <A href=\"%s\">%s</a>\n",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev),subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
+       */
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months. <br> <img src=\"%s%s.png\"> <br>\n", estepm,subdirf3(optionfilefiname,"varmuptjgr",digitp),digit);
+       for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-   /*  fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months and then divided by estepm and multiplied by %.0f in order to have the probability to die over a year <br> <img src=\"varmuptjgr%s%s.png\"> <br>\n", stepm,YEARM,digitp,digit);
+         for(i=1,gmp[j]=0.; i<= nlstate; i++)
- */
+          gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
- /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"varmuptjgr%s%s%s.png\";replot;",digitp,optionfilefiname,digit); */
+       }
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%s.png\";replot;\n",subdirf3(optionfilefiname,"varmuptjgr",digitp),digit);
+       /* end probability of death */
-   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
+       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++) /* vareij */
-   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
+         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
-   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
+           gradg[h][theta][j]= (gp[h][j]-gm[h][j])/2./delti[theta];
-   free_matrix(doldmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+         }
-   free_matrix(dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
-   free_matrix(varppt,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+       for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ /* var mu */
-   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+         gradgp[theta][j]= (gpp[j]-gmp[j])/2./delti[theta];
-   fclose(ficresprobmorprev);
+       }
-   fflush(ficgp);
-   fflush(fichtm);
+     } /* End theta */
- }  /* end varevsij */
+     trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar); /* veij */
- /************ Variance of prevlim ******************/
- void varprevlim(char fileres[], double **varpl, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij, char strstart[])
+     for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++) /* veij */
- {
+       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
-   /* Variance of prevalence limit */
+         for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
-   /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double **savm,double ftolpl);*/
+           trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];
-   double **newm;
-   double **dnewm,**doldm;
+     for(j=nlstate+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) /* mu */
-   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm;
+       for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
-   int k, cptcode;
+         trgradgp[j][theta]=gradgp[theta][j];
-   double *xp;
-   double *gp, *gm;
-   double **gradg, **trgradg;
+     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
-   double age,agelim;
+     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-   int theta;
+       for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
+         vareij[i][j][(int)age] =0.;
-   pstamp(ficresvpl);
-   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Standard deviation of period (stable) prevalences \n");
+     for(h=0;h<=nhstepm;h++){
-   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Age");
+       for(k=0;k<=nhstepm;k++){
-   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+         matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
-       fprintf(ficresvpl," %1d-%1d",i,i);
+         matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg[k]);
-   fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
+         for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+           for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
-   xp=vector(1,npar);
+             vareij[i][j][(int)age] += doldm[i][j]*hf*hf;
-   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
+       }
-   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
+     }
-   hstepm=1*YEARM; /* Every year of age */
+     /* pptj */
-   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if j= 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */
+     matprod2(dnewmp,trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
-   agelim = AGESUP;
+     matprod2(doldmp,dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,gradgp);
-   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
+     for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
-     nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */
+       for(i=nlstate+1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
-     if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;
+         varppt[j][i]=doldmp[j][i];
-     nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */
+     /* end ppptj */
-     gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,nlstate);
+     /*  x centered again */
-     gp=vector(1,nlstate);
+     hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);
-     gm=vector(1,nlstate);
+     prevalim(prlim,nlstate,x,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
-     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
+     if (popbased==1) {
-       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient */
+       if(mobilav ==0){
-         xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
+         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-       }
+           prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
-       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
+       }else{ /* mobilav */
-       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-         gp[i] = prlim[i][i];
+           prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
+       }
-       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient */
+     }
-         xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
-       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
+     /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
-       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+        computed over hstepm (estepm) matrices product = hstepm*stepm months)
-         gm[i] = prlim[i][i];
+        as a weighted average of prlim.
+     */
-       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+     for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-         gradg[theta][i]= (gp[i]-gm[i])/2./delti[theta];
+       for(i=1,gmp[j]=0.;i<= nlstate; i++)
-     } /* End theta */
+         gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
+     }
-     trgradg =matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
+     /* end probability of death */
-     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
+     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"%3d %d ",(int) age, ij);
-       for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
+     for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
-         trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
+       fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e",gmp[j], sqrt(varppt[j][j]));
+       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
-     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+         fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e ",prlim[i][i],p3mat[i][j][1]);
-       varpl[i][(int)age] =0.;
+       }
-     matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+     }
-     matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg);
+     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
-     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-       varpl[i][(int)age] = doldm[i][i]; /* Covariances are useless */
+     fprintf(ficresvij,"%.0f ",age );
+     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-     fprintf(ficresvpl,"%.0f ",age );
+       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
-     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+         fprintf(ficresvij," %.4f", vareij[i][j][(int)age]);
-       fprintf(ficresvpl," %.5f (%.5f)",prlim[i][i],sqrt(varpl[i][(int)age]));
+       }
-     fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
+     fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
-     free_vector(gp,1,nlstate);
+     free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
-     free_vector(gm,1,nlstate);
+     free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
-     free_matrix(gradg,1,npar,1,nlstate);
+     free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
-     free_matrix(trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar);
+     free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
-   } /* End age */
+     free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+   } /* End age */
-   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
+   free_vector(gpp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
+   free_vector(gmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
+   free_matrix(gradgp,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
+   free_matrix(trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
- }
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset parametric;unset label; set ter png small;set size 0.65, 0.65");
+   /* for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ *//* Only the first actually */
- /************ Variance of one-step probabilities  ******************/
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n set log y; unset log x;set xlabel \"Age\"; set ylabel \"Force of mortality (year-1)\";");
- void varprob(char optionfilefiname[], double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, double bage, double fage, int ij, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax, char strstart[])
+ /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n plot \"%s\"  u 1:($3*%6.3f) not w l 1 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
- {
+ /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3+1.96*$4)*%6.3f) t \"95\%% interval\" w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
-   int i, j=0,  i1, k1, l1, t, tj;
+ /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3-1.96*$4)*%6.3f) not w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
-   int k2, l2, j1,  z1;
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n plot \"%s\"  u 1:($3) not w l lt 2 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
-   int k=0,l, cptcode;
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3+1.96*$4)) t \"95\%% interval\" w l lt 3 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
-   int first=1, first1;
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3-1.96*$4)) not w l lt 3 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
-   double cv12, mu1, mu2, lc1, lc2, v12, v21, v11, v22,v1,v2, c12, tnalp;
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> File (multiple files are possible if covariates are present): <A href=\"%s\">%s</a>\n",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev),subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
-   double **dnewm,**doldm;
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months. <br> <img src=\"%s%s.png\"> <br>\n", estepm,subdirf3(optionfilefiname,"varmuptjgr",digitp),digit);
-   double *xp;
+   /*  fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months and then divided by estepm and multiplied by %.0f in order to have the probability to die over a year <br> <img src=\"varmuptjgr%s%s.png\"> <br>\n", stepm,YEARM,digitp,digit);
-   double *gp, *gm;
+ */
-   double **gradg, **trgradg;
+ /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"varmuptjgr%s%s%s.png\";replot;",digitp,optionfilefiname,digit); */
-   double **mu;
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%s.png\";replot;\n",subdirf3(optionfilefiname,"varmuptjgr",digitp),digit);
-   double age,agelim, cov[NCOVMAX];
-   double std=2.0; /* Number of standard deviation wide of confidence ellipsoids */
+   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
-   int theta;
+   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
-   char fileresprob[FILENAMELENGTH];
+   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
-   char fileresprobcov[FILENAMELENGTH];
+   free_matrix(doldmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   char fileresprobcor[FILENAMELENGTH];
+   free_matrix(dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
+   free_matrix(varppt,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
-   double ***varpij;
+   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+   fclose(ficresprobmorprev);
-   strcpy(fileresprob,"prob");
+   fflush(ficgp);
-   strcat(fileresprob,fileres);
+   fflush(fichtm);
-   if((ficresprob=fopen(fileresprob,"w"))==NULL) {
+ }  /* end varevsij */
-     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
+ /************ Variance of prevlim ******************/
-   }
+ void varprevlim(char fileres[], double **varpl, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij, char strstart[])
-   strcpy(fileresprobcov,"probcov");
+ {
-   strcat(fileresprobcov,fileres);
+   /* Variance of prevalence limit */
-   if((ficresprobcov=fopen(fileresprobcov,"w"))==NULL) {
+   /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double **savm,double ftolpl);*/
-     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
+   double **newm;
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
+   double **dnewm,**doldm;
-   }
+   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm;
-   strcpy(fileresprobcor,"probcor");
+   int k, cptcode;
-   strcat(fileresprobcor,fileres);
+   double *xp;
-   if((ficresprobcor=fopen(fileresprobcor,"w"))==NULL) {
+   double *gp, *gm;
-     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
+   double **gradg, **trgradg;
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
+   double age,agelim;
-   }
+   int theta;
-   printf("Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
+   pstamp(ficresvpl);
-   printf("Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
+   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Standard deviation of period (stable) prevalences \n");
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
+   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Age");
-   printf("and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
+   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-   fprintf(ficlog,"and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
+       fprintf(ficresvpl," %1d-%1d",i,i);
-   pstamp(ficresprob);
+   fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
-   fprintf(ficresprob,"#One-step probabilities and stand. devi in ()\n");
-   fprintf(ficresprob,"# Age");
+   xp=vector(1,npar);
-   pstamp(ficresprobcov);
+   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
-   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"#One-step probabilities and covariance matrix\n");
+   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
-   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"# Age");
-   pstamp(ficresprobcor);
+   hstepm=1*YEARM; /* Every year of age */
-   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"#One-step probabilities and correlation matrix\n");
+   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if j= 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */
-   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"# Age");
+   agelim = AGESUP;
+   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
+     nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */
-   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+     if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;
-     for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
+     nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */
-       fprintf(ficresprob," p%1d-%1d (SE)",i,j);
+     gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,nlstate);
-       fprintf(ficresprobcov," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
+     gp=vector(1,nlstate);
-       fprintf(ficresprobcor," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
+     gm=vector(1,nlstate);
-     }
-  /* fprintf(ficresprob,"\n");
+     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
-   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n");
+       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient */
-   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n");
+         xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
-  */
+       }
-  xp=vector(1,npar);
+       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
-   dnewm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
+       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-   doldm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
+         gp[i] = prlim[i][i];
-   mu=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath), (int) bage, (int)fage);
-   varpij=ma3x(1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int) fage);
+       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient */
-   first=1;
+         xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
-   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varprob");
+       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing and drawing one step probabilities with their confidence intervals</h4></li>\n");
+       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n");
+         gm[i] = prlim[i][i];
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> <a href=\"%s\">Matrix of variance-covariance of pairs of step probabilities (drawings)</a></h4></li>\n",optionfilehtmcov);
+       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<h4>Matrix of variance-covariance of pairs of step probabilities</h4>\n\
+         gradg[theta][i]= (gp[i]-gm[i])/2./delti[theta];
-   file %s<br>\n",optionfilehtmcov);
+     } /* End theta */
-   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\nEllipsoids of confidence centered on point (p<inf>ij</inf>, p<inf>kl</inf>) are estimated\
- and drawn. It helps understanding how is the covariance between two incidences.\
+     trgradg =matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
-  They are expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> in order to be less dependent of stepm.<br>\n");
-   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br> Contour plot corresponding to x'cov<sup>-1</sup>x = 4 (where x is the column vector (pij,pkl)) are drawn. \
+     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
- It can be understood this way: if pij and pkl where uncorrelated the (2x2) matrix of covariance \
+       for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
- would have been (1/(var pij), 0 , 0, 1/(var pkl)), and the confidence interval would be 2 \
+         trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
- standard deviations wide on each axis. <br>\
-  Now, if both incidences are correlated (usual case) we diagonalised the inverse of the covariance matrix\
+     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-  and made the appropriate rotation to look at the uncorrelated principal directions.<br>\
+       varpl[i][(int)age] =0.;
- To be simple, these graphs help to understand the significativity of each parameter in relation to a second other one.<br> \n");
+     matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+     matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg);
-   cov[1]=1;
+     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-   tj=cptcoveff;
+       varpl[i][(int)age] = doldm[i][i]; /* Covariances are useless */
-   if (cptcovn<1) {tj=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
-   j1=0;
+     fprintf(ficresvpl,"%.0f ",age );
-   for(t=1; t<=tj;t++){
+     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-     for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[t];i1++){
+       fprintf(ficresvpl," %.5f (%.5f)",prlim[i][i],sqrt(varpl[i][(int)age]));
-       j1++;
+     fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
-       if  (cptcovn>0) {
+     free_vector(gp,1,nlstate);
-         fprintf(ficresprob, "\n#********** Variable ");
+     free_vector(gm,1,nlstate);
-         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprob, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
+     free_matrix(gradg,1,npar,1,nlstate);
-         fprintf(ficresprob, "**********\n#\n");
+     free_matrix(trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar);
-         fprintf(ficresprobcov, "\n#********** Variable ");
+   } /* End age */
-         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcov, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
-         fprintf(ficresprobcov, "**********\n#\n");
+   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
+   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
-         fprintf(ficgp, "\n#********** Variable ");
+   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
-         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficgp, " V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
-         fprintf(ficgp, "**********\n#\n");
+ }
+ /************ Variance of one-step probabilities  ******************/
-         fprintf(fichtmcov, "\n<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">********** Variable ");
+ void varprob(char optionfilefiname[], double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, double bage, double fage, int ij, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax, char strstart[])
-         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(fichtm, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
+ {
-         fprintf(fichtmcov, "**********\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
+   int i, j=0,  i1, k1, l1, t, tj;
+   int k2, l2, j1,  z1;
-         fprintf(ficresprobcor, "\n#********** Variable ");
+   int k=0,l, cptcode;
-         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcor, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
+   int first=1, first1;
-         fprintf(ficresprobcor, "**********\n#");
+   double cv12, mu1, mu2, lc1, lc2, v12, v21, v11, v22,v1,v2, c12, tnalp;
-       }
+   double **dnewm,**doldm;
+   double *xp;
-       for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){
+   double *gp, *gm;
-         cov[2]=age;
+   double **gradg, **trgradg;
-         for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {
+   double **mu;
-           cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[j1][Tvar[k]]];
+   double age,agelim, cov[NCOVMAX];
-         }
+   double std=2.0; /* Number of standard deviation wide of confidence ellipsoids */
-         for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];
+   int theta;
-         for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)
+   char fileresprob[FILENAMELENGTH];
-           cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
+   char fileresprobcov[FILENAMELENGTH];
+   char fileresprobcor[FILENAMELENGTH];
-         gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-         trgradg=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
+   double ***varpij;
-         gp=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-         gm=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
+   strcpy(fileresprob,"prob");
+   strcat(fileresprob,fileres);
-         for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
+   if((ficresprob=fopen(fileresprob,"w"))==NULL) {
-           for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
+     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
-             xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:(double)0);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
+   }
-           pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
+   strcpy(fileresprobcov,"probcov");
+   strcat(fileresprobcov,fileres);
-           k=0;
+   if((ficresprobcov=fopen(fileresprobcov,"w"))==NULL) {
-           for(i=1; i<= (nlstate); i++){
+     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
-             for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
-               k=k+1;
+   }
-               gp[k]=pmmij[i][j];
+   strcpy(fileresprobcor,"probcor");
-             }
+   strcat(fileresprobcor,fileres);
-           }
+   if((ficresprobcor=fopen(fileresprobcor,"w"))==NULL) {
+     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
-           for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
-             xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:(double)0);
+   }
+   printf("Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
-           pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
-           k=0;
+   printf("Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
-           for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
-             for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
+   printf("and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
-               k=k+1;
+   fprintf(ficlog,"and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
-               gm[k]=pmmij[i][j];
+   pstamp(ficresprob);
-             }
+   fprintf(ficresprob,"#One-step probabilities and stand. devi in ()\n");
-           }
+   fprintf(ficresprob,"# Age");
+   pstamp(ficresprobcov);
-           for(i=1; i<= (nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath); i++)
+   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"#One-step probabilities and covariance matrix\n");
-             gradg[theta][i]=(gp[i]-gm[i])/(double)2./delti[theta];
+   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"# Age");
-         }
+   pstamp(ficresprobcor);
+   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"#One-step probabilities and correlation matrix\n");
-         for(j=1; j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
+   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"# Age");
-           for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
-             trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
+   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-         matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
+     for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
-         matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),gradg);
+       fprintf(ficresprob," p%1d-%1d (SE)",i,j);
-         free_vector(gp,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
+       fprintf(ficresprobcov," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
-         free_vector(gm,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
+       fprintf(ficresprobcor," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
-         free_matrix(trgradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
+     }
-         free_matrix(gradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
+  /* fprintf(ficresprob,"\n");
+   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n");
-         pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate);
+   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n");
+  */
-         k=0;
+   xp=vector(1,npar);
-         for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
+   dnewm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
-           for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
+   doldm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-             k=k+1;
+   mu=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath), (int) bage, (int)fage);
-             mu[k][(int) age]=pmmij[i][j];
+   varpij=ma3x(1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int) fage);
-           }
+   first=1;
-         }
+   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varprob");
-         for(i=1;i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing and drawing one step probabilities with their confidence intervals</h4></li>\n");
-           for(j=1;j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n");
-             varpij[i][j][(int)age] = doldm[i][j];
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> <a href=\"%s\">Matrix of variance-covariance of pairs of step probabilities (drawings)</a></h4></li>\n",optionfilehtmcov);
-         /*printf("\n%d ",(int)age);
+   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<h4>Matrix of variance-covariance of pairs of step probabilities</h4>\n\
-           for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
+   file %s<br>\n",optionfilehtmcov);
-           printf("%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
+   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\nEllipsoids of confidence centered on point (p<inf>ij</inf>, p<inf>kl</inf>) are estimated\
-           fprintf(ficlog,"%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
+ and drawn. It helps understanding how is the covariance between two incidences.\
-           }*/
+  They are expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> in order to be less dependent of stepm.<br>\n");
+   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br> Contour plot corresponding to x'cov<sup>-1</sup>x = 4 (where x is the column vector (pij,pkl)) are drawn. \
-         fprintf(ficresprob,"\n%d ",(int)age);
+ It can be understood this way: if pij and pkl where uncorrelated the (2x2) matrix of covariance \
-         fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d ",(int)age);
+ would have been (1/(var pij), 0 , 0, 1/(var pkl)), and the confidence interval would be 2 \
-         fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d ",(int)age);
+ standard deviations wide on each axis. <br>\
+  Now, if both incidences are correlated (usual case) we diagonalised the inverse of the covariance matrix\
-         for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
+  and made the appropriate rotation to look at the uncorrelated principal directions.<br>\
-           fprintf(ficresprob,"%11.3e (%11.3e) ",mu[i][(int) age],sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int)age]));
+ To be simple, these graphs help to understand the significativity of each parameter in relation to a second other one.<br> \n");
-         for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
-           fprintf(ficresprobcov,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
+   cov[1]=1;
-           fprintf(ficresprobcor,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
+   tj=cptcoveff;
-         }
+   if (cptcovn<1) {tj=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
-         i=0;
+   j1=0;
-         for (k=1; k<=(nlstate);k++){
+   for(t=1; t<=tj;t++){
-           for (l=1; l<=(nlstate+ndeath);l++){
+     for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[t];i1++){
-             i=i++;
+       j1++;
-             fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
+       if  (cptcovn>0) {
-             fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
+         fprintf(ficresprob, "\n#********** Variable ");
-             for (j=1; j<=i;j++){
+         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprob, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
-               fprintf(ficresprobcov," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int)age]);
+         fprintf(ficresprob, "**********\n#\n");
-               fprintf(ficresprobcor," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int) age]/sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int) age])/sqrt(varpij[j][j][(int)age]));
+         fprintf(ficresprobcov, "\n#********** Variable ");
-             }
+         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcov, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
-           }
+         fprintf(ficresprobcov, "**********\n#\n");
-         }/* end of loop for state */
-       } /* end of loop for age */
+         fprintf(ficgp, "\n#********** Variable ");
+         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficgp, " V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
-       /* Confidence intervalle of pij  */
+         fprintf(ficgp, "**********\n#\n");
-       /*
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset noparametric;unset label");
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;unset log x; set xlabel \"Age\";set ylabel \"probability (year-1)\"");
+         fprintf(fichtmcov, "\n<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">********** Variable ");
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65");
+         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(fichtm, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
-         fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>Probability with  confidence intervals expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> :<a href=\"pijgr%s.png\">pijgr%s.png</A>, ",optionfilefiname,optionfilefiname);
+         fprintf(fichtmcov, "**********\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
-         fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br><img src=\"pijgr%s.png\"> ",optionfilefiname);
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"pijgr%s.png\"",optionfilefiname);
+         fprintf(ficresprobcor, "\n#********** Variable ");
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",k1,k2,xfilevarprob);
+         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcor, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
-       */
+         fprintf(ficresprobcor, "**********\n#");
+       }
-       /* Drawing ellipsoids of confidence of two variables p(k1-l1,k2-l2)*/
-       first1=1;
+       for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){
-       for (k2=1; k2<=(nlstate);k2++){
+         cov[2]=age;
-         for (l2=1; l2<=(nlstate+ndeath);l2++){
+         for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {
-           if(l2==k2) continue;
+           cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[j1][Tvar[k]]];
-           j=(k2-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l2;
+         }
-           for (k1=1; k1<=(nlstate);k1++){
+         for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];
-             for (l1=1; l1<=(nlstate+ndeath);l1++){
+         for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)
-               if(l1==k1) continue;
+           cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
-               i=(k1-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l1;
-               if(i<=j) continue;
+         gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-               for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){
+         trgradg=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
-                 if ((int)age %5==0){
+         gp=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-                   v1=varpij[i][i][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
+         gm=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-                   v2=varpij[j][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
-                   cv12=varpij[i][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
+         for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
-                   mu1=mu[i][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM ;
+           for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
-                   mu2=mu[j][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM;
+             xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:(double)0);
-                   c12=cv12/sqrt(v1*v2);
-                   /* Computing eigen value of matrix of covariance */
+           pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
-                   lc1=((v1+v2)+sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
-                   lc2=((v1+v2)-sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
+           k=0;
-                   /* Eigen vectors */
+           for(i=1; i<= (nlstate); i++){
-                   v11=(1./sqrt(1+(v1-lc1)*(v1-lc1)/cv12/cv12));
+             for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
-                   /*v21=sqrt(1.-v11*v11); *//* error */
+               k=k+1;
-                   v21=(lc1-v1)/cv12*v11;
+               gp[k]=pmmij[i][j];
-                   v12=-v21;
+             }
-                   v22=v11;
+           }
-                   tnalp=v21/v11;
-                   if(first1==1){
+           for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
-                     first1=0;
+             xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:(double)0);
-                     printf("%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tang %.3f\nOthers in log...\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
-                   }
+           pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
-                   fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tan %.3f\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
+           k=0;
-                   /*printf(fignu*/
+           for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
-                   /* mu1+ v11*lc1*cost + v12*lc2*sin(t) */
+             for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
-                   /* mu2+ v21*lc1*cost + v22*lc2*sin(t) */
+               k=k+1;
-                   if(first==1){
+               gm[k]=pmmij[i][j];
-                     first=0;
+             }
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset parametric;unset label");
+           }
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;set log x; set xlabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\";set ylabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\"",k1,l1,k2,l2);
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65");
+           for(i=1; i<= (nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath); i++)
-                     fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br>Ellipsoids of confidence cov(p%1d%1d,p%1d%1d) expressed in year<sup>-1</sup>\
+             gradg[theta][i]=(gp[i]-gm[i])/(double)2./delti[theta];
-  :<a href=\"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\">\
+         }
- %s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png</A>, ",k1,l1,k2,l2,\
-                             subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2,\
+         for(j=1; j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
-                             subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
+           for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
-                     fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br><img src=\"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\"> ",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
+             trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
-                     fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br> Correlation at age %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\"",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
+         matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
+         matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),gradg);
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
+         free_vector(gp,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot [-pi:pi] %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not",\
+         free_vector(gm,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
-                             mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(lc2),\
+         free_matrix(trgradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
-                             mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(lc2));
+         free_matrix(gradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
-                   }else{
-                     first=0;
+         pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate);
-                     fprintf(fichtmcov," %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
+         k=0;
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
+         for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
-                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nreplot %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not",\
+           for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
-                             mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(lc2),\
+             k=k+1;
-                             mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(lc2));
+             mu[k][(int) age]=pmmij[i][j];
-                   }/* if first */
+           }
-                 } /* age mod 5 */
+         }
-               } /* end loop age */
+         for(i=1;i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
-               fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\";replot;",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
+           for(j=1;j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
-               first=1;
+             varpij[i][j][(int)age] = doldm[i][j];
-             } /*l12 */
-           } /* k12 */
+         /*printf("\n%d ",(int)age);
-         } /*l1 */
+           for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
-       }/* k1 */
+           printf("%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
-     } /* loop covariates */
+           fprintf(ficlog,"%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
-   }
+           }*/
-   free_ma3x(varpij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath,(int) bage, (int)fage);
-   free_matrix(mu,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int)fage);
+         fprintf(ficresprob,"\n%d ",(int)age);
-   free_matrix(doldm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
+         fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d ",(int)age);
-   free_matrix(dnewm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
+         fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d ",(int)age);
-   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
-   fclose(ficresprob);
+         for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
-   fclose(ficresprobcov);
+           fprintf(ficresprob,"%11.3e (%11.3e) ",mu[i][(int) age],sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int)age]));
-   fclose(ficresprobcor);
+         for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
-   fflush(ficgp);
+           fprintf(ficresprobcov,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
-   fflush(fichtmcov);
+           fprintf(ficresprobcor,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
- }
+         }
+         i=0;
+         for (k=1; k<=(nlstate);k++){
- /******************* Printing html file ***********/
+           for (l=1; l<=(nlstate+ndeath);l++){
- void printinghtml(char fileres[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \
+             i=i++;
-                   int lastpass, int stepm, int weightopt, char model[],\
+             fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
-                   int imx,int jmin, int jmax, double jmeanint,char rfileres[],\
+             fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
-                   int popforecast, int estepm ,\
+             for (j=1; j<=i;j++){
-                   double jprev1, double mprev1,double anprev1, \
+               fprintf(ficresprobcov," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int)age]);
-                   double jprev2, double mprev2,double anprev2){
+               fprintf(ficresprobcor," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int) age]/sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int) age])/sqrt(varpij[j][j][(int)age]));
-   int jj1, k1, i1, cpt;
+             }
+           }
-    fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><a href='#firstorder'>Result files (first order: no variance)</a>\n \
+         }/* end of loop for state */
-    <li><a href='#secondorder'>Result files (second order (variance)</a>\n \
+       } /* end of loop for age */
- </ul>");
-    fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4><a name='firstorder'>Result files (first order: no variance)</a></h4>\n \
+       /* Confidence intervalle of pij  */
-  - Observed prevalence in each state (during the period defined between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n ",
+       /*
-            jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,subdirf2(fileres,"p"),subdirf2(fileres,"p"));
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset parametric;unset label");
-    fprintf(fichtm,"\
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;unset log x; set xlabel \"Age\";set ylabel \"probability (year-1)\"");
-  - Estimated transition probabilities over %d (stepm) months: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n ",
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65");
-            stepm,subdirf2(fileres,"pij"),subdirf2(fileres,"pij"));
+         fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>Probability with  confidence intervals expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> :<a href=\"pijgr%s.png\">pijgr%s.png</A>, ",optionfilefiname,optionfilefiname);
-    fprintf(fichtm,"\
+         fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br><img src=\"pijgr%s.png\"> ",optionfilefiname);
-  - Period (stable) prevalence in each health state: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"pijgr%s.png\"",optionfilefiname);
-            subdirf2(fileres,"pl"),subdirf2(fileres,"pl"));
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",k1,k2,xfilevarprob);
-    fprintf(fichtm,"\
+       */
-  - (a) Life expectancies by health status at initial age, (b) health expectancies by health status at initial age:  ei., eij . If one or more covariate are included, specific tables for each value of the covariate are output in sequences within the same file (estepm=%2d months): \
-    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
+       /* Drawing ellipsoids of confidence of two variables p(k1-l1,k2-l2)*/
-            estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"e"),subdirf2(fileres,"e"));
+       first1=1;
-    fprintf(fichtm,"\
+       for (k2=1; k2<=(nlstate);k2++){
-  - Population projections by age and states: \
+         for (l2=1; l2<=(nlstate+ndeath);l2++){
-    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>", subdirf2(fileres,"f"),subdirf2(fileres,"f"));
+           if(l2==k2) continue;
+           j=(k2-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l2;
- fprintf(fichtm," \n<ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
+           for (k1=1; k1<=(nlstate);k1++){
+             for (l1=1; l1<=(nlstate+ndeath);l1++){
-  m=cptcoveff;
+               if(l1==k1) continue;
-  if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
+               i=(k1-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l1;
+               if(i<=j) continue;
-  jj1=0;
+               for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){
-  for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){
+                 if ((int)age %5==0){
-    for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
+                   v1=varpij[i][i][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
-      jj1++;
+                   v2=varpij[j][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
-      if (cptcovn > 0) {
+                   cv12=varpij[i][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
-        fprintf(fichtm,"<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">************ Results for covariates");
+                   mu1=mu[i][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM ;
-        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++)
+                   mu2=mu[j][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM;
-          fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtab[jj1][cpt]]);
+                   c12=cv12/sqrt(v1*v2);
-        fprintf(fichtm," ************\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
+                   /* Computing eigen value of matrix of covariance */
-      }
+                   lc1=((v1+v2)+sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
-      /* Pij */
+                   lc2=((v1+v2)-sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
-      fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Pij or Conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i, %d (stepm) months before: <a href=\"%s%d1.png\">%s%d1.png</a><br> \
+                   if ((lc2 <0) || (lc1 <0) ){
- <img src=\"%s%d1.png\">",stepm,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1);
+                     printf("Error: One eigen value of 2x2 matrix of covariance is negative, lc1=%11.3e, lc2=%11.3e, v1=%11.3e, v2=%11.3e, cv12=%11.3e.\n It means that the matrix was not well estimated (varpij), for i=%2d, j=%2d, age=%4d .\n See files %s and %s. Continuing by making them positive: WRONG RESULTS.\n", lc1, lc2, v1, v2, cv12, i, j, (int)age,fileresprobcov, fileresprobcor);
-      /* Quasi-incidences */
+                     fprintf(ficlog,"Error: One eigen value of 2x2 matrix of covariance is negative, lc1=%11.3e, lc2=%11.3e, v1=%11.3e, v2=%11.3e, cv12=%11.3e\n", lc1, lc2, v1, v2, cv12);fflush(ficlog);
-      fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Pij or Conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i %d (stepm) months\
+                     lc1=fabs(lc1);
-  before but expressed in per year i.e. quasi incidences if stepm is small and probabilities too: <a href=\"%s%d2.png\">%s%d2.png</a><br> \
+                     lc2=fabs(lc2);
- <img src=\"%s%d2.png\">",stepm,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1);
+                   }
-        /* Period (stable) prevalence in each health state */
-        for(cpt=1; cpt<nlstate;cpt++){
+                   /* Eigen vectors */
-          fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Period (stable) prevalence in each health state : <a href=\"%s%d%d.png\">%s%d%d.png</a><br> \
+                   v11=(1./sqrt(1+(v1-lc1)*(v1-lc1)/cv12/cv12));
- <img src=\"%s%d%d.png\">",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1);
+                   /*v21=sqrt(1.-v11*v11); *//* error */
-        }
+                   v21=(lc1-v1)/cv12*v11;
-      for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {
+                   v12=-v21;
-         fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Life expectancy by health state (%d) at initial age and its decomposition into health expectancies : <a href=\"%s%d%d.png\">%s%d%d.png</a> <br> \
+                   v22=v11;
- <img src=\"%s%d%d.png\">",cpt,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1);
+                   tnalp=v21/v11;
-      }
+                   if(first1==1){
-    } /* end i1 */
+                     first1=0;
-  }/* End k1 */
+                     printf("%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tang %.3f\nOthers in log...\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
-  fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
+                   }
+                   fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tan %.3f\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
+                   /*printf(fignu*/
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+                   /* mu1+ v11*lc1*cost + v12*lc2*sin(t) */
- \n<br><li><h4> <a name='secondorder'>Result files (second order: variances)</a></h4>\n\
+                   /* mu2+ v21*lc1*cost + v22*lc2*sin(t) */
-  - Parameter file with estimated parameters and covariance matrix: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n", rfileres,rfileres);
+                   if(first==1){
+                     first=0;
-  fprintf(fichtm," - Variance of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
+                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset parametric;unset label");
-          subdirf2(fileres,"prob"),subdirf2(fileres,"prob"));
+                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;set log x; set xlabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\";set ylabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\"",k1,l1,k2,l2);
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65");
-  - Variance-covariance of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
+                     fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br>Ellipsoids of confidence cov(p%1d%1d,p%1d%1d) expressed in year<sup>-1</sup>\
-          subdirf2(fileres,"probcov"),subdirf2(fileres,"probcov"));
+  :<a href=\"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\">\
+ %s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png</A>, ",k1,l1,k2,l2,\
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+                             subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2,\
-  - Correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
+                             subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
-          subdirf2(fileres,"probcor"),subdirf2(fileres,"probcor"));
+                     fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br><img src=\"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\"> ",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+                     fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br> Correlation at age %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
-  - Variances and covariances of health expectancies by age and <b>initial health status</b> (cov(e<sup>ij</sup>,e<sup>kl</sup>)(estepm=%2d months): \
+                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\"",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
-    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>",
+                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
-            estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"cve"),subdirf2(fileres,"cve"));
+                     fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot [-pi:pi] %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not",\
-  - (a) Health expectancies by health status at initial age (e<sup>ij</sup>) and standard errors (in parentheses) (b) life expectancies and standard errors (e<sup>i.</sup>=e<sup>i1</sup>+e<sup>i2</sup>+...)(estepm=%2d months): \
+                             mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(lc2),\
-    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>",
+                             mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(lc2));
-            estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"stde"),subdirf2(fileres,"stde"));
+                   }else{
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+                     first=0;
-  - Variances and covariances of health expectancies by age. Status (i) based health expectancies (in state j), eij are weighted by the period prevalences in each state i (if popbased=1, an additional computation is done using the cross-sectional prevalences (i.e population based) (estepm=%d months): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n",
+                     fprintf(fichtmcov," %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
-          estepm, subdirf2(fileres,"v"),subdirf2(fileres,"v"));
+                     fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
-  - Total life expectancy and total health expectancies to be spent in each health state e<sup>.j</sup> with their standard errors: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
+                     fprintf(ficgp,"\nreplot %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not",\
-          subdirf2(fileres,"t"),subdirf2(fileres,"t"));
+                             mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(lc2),\
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+                             mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(lc2));
-  - Standard deviation of period (stable) prevalences: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",\
+                   }/* if first */
-          subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"));
+                 } /* age mod 5 */
+               } /* end loop age */
- /*  if(popforecast==1) fprintf(fichtm,"\n */
+               fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\";replot;",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
- /*  - Prevalences forecasting: <a href=\"f%s\">f%s</a> <br>\n */
+               first=1;
- /*  - Population forecasting (if popforecast=1): <a href=\"pop%s\">pop%s</a> <br>\n */
+             } /*l12 */
- /*      <br>",fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres); */
+           } /* k12 */
- /*  else  */
+         } /*l1 */
- /*    fprintf(fichtm,"\n No population forecast: popforecast = %d (instead of 1) or stepm = %d (instead of 1) or model=%s (instead of .)<br><br></li>\n",popforecast, stepm, model); */
+       }/* k1 */
-  fflush(fichtm);
+     } /* loop covariates */
-  fprintf(fichtm," <ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
+   }
+   free_ma3x(varpij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath,(int) bage, (int)fage);
-  m=cptcoveff;
+   free_matrix(mu,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int)fage);
-  if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
+   free_matrix(doldm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
+   free_matrix(dnewm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
-  jj1=0;
+   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
-  for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){
+   fclose(ficresprob);
-    for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
+   fclose(ficresprobcov);
-      jj1++;
+   fclose(ficresprobcor);
-      if (cptcovn > 0) {
+   fflush(ficgp);
-        fprintf(fichtm,"<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">************ Results for covariates");
+   fflush(fichtmcov);
-        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++)
+ }
-          fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtab[jj1][cpt]]);
-        fprintf(fichtm," ************\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
-      }
+ /******************* Printing html file ***********/
-      for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {
+ void printinghtml(char fileres[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \
-        fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Observed (cross-sectional) and period (incidence based) \
+                   int lastpass, int stepm, int weightopt, char model[],\
- prevalence (with 95%% confidence interval) in state (%d): %s%d%d.png <br>\
+                   int imx,int jmin, int jmax, double jmeanint,char rfileres[],\
- <img src=\"%s%d%d.png\">",cpt,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,jj1);
+                   int popforecast, int estepm ,\
-      }
+                   double jprev1, double mprev1,double anprev1, \
-      fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Total life expectancy by age and \
+                   double jprev2, double mprev2,double anprev2){
- health expectancies in states (1) and (2): %s%d.png<br>\
+   int jj1, k1, i1, cpt;
- <img src=\"%s%d.png\">",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),jj1);
-    } /* end i1 */
+    fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><a href='#firstorder'>Result files (first order: no variance)</a>\n \
-  }/* End k1 */
+    <li><a href='#secondorder'>Result files (second order (variance)</a>\n \
-  fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
+ </ul>");
-  fflush(fichtm);
+    fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4><a name='firstorder'>Result files (first order: no variance)</a></h4>\n \
- }
+  - Observed prevalence in each state (during the period defined between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n ",
+            jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,subdirf2(fileres,"p"),subdirf2(fileres,"p"));
- /******************* Gnuplot file **************/
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\
- void printinggnuplot(char fileres[], char optionfilefiname[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double fage , char pathc[], double p[]){
+  - Estimated transition probabilities over %d (stepm) months: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n ",
+            stepm,subdirf2(fileres,"pij"),subdirf2(fileres,"pij"));
-   char dirfileres[132],optfileres[132];
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\
-   int m,cpt,k1,i,k,j,jk,k2,k3,ij,l;
+  - Period (stable) prevalence in each health state: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
-   int ng;
+            subdirf2(fileres,"pl"),subdirf2(fileres,"pl"));
- /*   if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"a"))==NULL) { */
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\
- /*     printf("Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot); */
+  - (a) Life expectancies by health status at initial age, ei. (b) health expectancies by health status at initial age, eij . If one or more covariates are included, specific tables for each value of the covariate are output in sequences within the same file (estepm=%2d months): \
- /*     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot); */
+    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
- /*   } */
+            estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"e"),subdirf2(fileres,"e"));
+    fprintf(fichtm,"\
-   /*#ifdef windows */
+  - Population projections by age and states: \
-   fprintf(ficgp,"cd \"%s\" \n",pathc);
+    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>", subdirf2(fileres,"f"),subdirf2(fileres,"f"));
-     /*#endif */
-   m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
+ fprintf(fichtm," \n<ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
-   strcpy(dirfileres,optionfilefiname);
+  m=cptcoveff;
-   strcpy(optfileres,"vpl");
+  if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
-  /* 1eme*/
-   for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {
+  jj1=0;
-    for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {
+  for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){
-      fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,k1);
+    for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
-      fprintf(ficgp,"\n#set out \"v%s%d%d.png\" \n",optionfilefiname,cpt,k1);
+      jj1++;
-      fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \n\
+      if (cptcovn > 0) {
- set ylabel \"Probability\" \n\
+        fprintf(fichtm,"<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">************ Results for covariates");
- set ter png small\n\
+        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++)
- set size 0.65,0.65\n\
+          fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtab[jj1][cpt]]);
- plot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",ageminpar,fage,subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1);
+        fprintf(fichtm," ************\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
+      }
-      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
+      /* Pij */
-        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
+      fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Pij or Conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i, %d (stepm) months before: <a href=\"%s%d1.png\">%s%d1.png</a><br> \
-        else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
+ <img src=\"%s%d1.png\">",stepm,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1);
-      }
+      /* Quasi-incidences */
-      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"Period (stable) prevalence\" w l 0,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+1.96*$3) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1);
+      fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Pij or Conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i %d (stepm) months\
-      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
+  before but expressed in per year i.e. quasi incidences if stepm is small and probabilities too: <a href=\"%s%d2.png\">%s%d2.png</a><br> \
-        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
+ <img src=\"%s%d2.png\">",stepm,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1);
-        else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
+        /* Period (stable) prevalence in each health state */
-      }
+        for(cpt=1; cpt<nlstate;cpt++){
-      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"95\%% CI\" w l 1,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-1.96*$3) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1);
+          fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Period (stable) prevalence in each health state : <a href=\"%s%d%d.png\">%s%d%d.png</a><br> \
-      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
+ <img src=\"%s%d%d.png\">",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1);
-        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
+        }
-        else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
+      for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {
-      }
+         fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Life expectancy by health state (%d) at initial age and its decomposition into health expectancies : <a href=\"%s%d%d.png\">%s%d%d.png</a> <br> \
-      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l 1,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d) t\"Observed prevalence \" w l 2",subdirf2(fileres,"p"),k1-1,k1-1,2+4*(cpt-1));
+ <img src=\"%s%d%d.png\">",cpt,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1);
-    }
+      }
-   }
+    } /* end i1 */
-   /*2 eme*/
+  }/* End k1 */
+  fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
-   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {
-     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),k1);
-     fprintf(ficgp,"set ylabel \"Years\" \nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65\nplot [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,fage);
+  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+ \n<br><li><h4> <a name='secondorder'>Result files (second order: variances)</a></h4>\n\
-     for (i=1; i<= nlstate+1 ; i ++) {
+  - Parameter file with estimated parameters and covariance matrix: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n", rfileres,rfileres);
-       k=2*i;
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
+  fprintf(fichtm," - Variance of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
-       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
+          subdirf2(fileres,"prob"),subdirf2(fileres,"prob"));
-         if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
+  fprintf(fichtm,"\
-         else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
+  - Variance-covariance of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
-       }
+          subdirf2(fileres,"probcov"),subdirf2(fileres,"probcov"));
-       if (i== 1) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"TLE\" w l ,");
-       else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"LE in state (%d)\" w l ,",i-1);
+  fprintf(fichtm,"\
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-$3*2) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
+  - Correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
-       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
+          subdirf2(fileres,"probcor"),subdirf2(fileres,"probcor"));
-         if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
+  fprintf(fichtm,"\
-         else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
+  - Variances and covariances of health expectancies by age and <b>initial health status</b> (cov(e<sup>ij</sup>,e<sup>kl</sup>)(estepm=%2d months): \
-       }
+    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>",
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l 0,");
+            estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"cve"),subdirf2(fileres,"cve"));
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+$3*2) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
+  fprintf(fichtm,"\
-       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
+  - (a) Health expectancies by health status at initial age (e<sup>ij</sup>) and standard errors (in parentheses) (b) life expectancies and standard errors (e<sup>i.</sup>=e<sup>i1</sup>+e<sup>i2</sup>+...)(estepm=%2d months): \
-         if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
+    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>",
-         else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
+            estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"stde"),subdirf2(fileres,"stde"));
-       }
+  fprintf(fichtm,"\
-       if (i== (nlstate+1)) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l 0");
+  - Variances and covariances of health expectancies by age. Status (i) based health expectancies (in state j), e<sup>ij</sup> are weighted by the period prevalences in each state i (if popbased=1, an additional computation is done using the cross-sectional prevalences, i.e population based) (estepm=%d months): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n",
-       else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l 0,");
+          estepm, subdirf2(fileres,"v"),subdirf2(fileres,"v"));
-     }
+  fprintf(fichtm,"\
-   }
+  - Total life expectancy and total health expectancies to be spent in each health state e<sup>.j</sup> with their standard errors (if popbased=1, an additional computation is done using the cross-sectional prevalences, i.e population based) (estepm=%d months): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
+          estepm, subdirf2(fileres,"t"),subdirf2(fileres,"t"));
-   /*3eme*/
+  fprintf(fichtm,"\
+  - Standard deviation of period (stable) prevalences: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",\
-   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {
+          subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"));
-     for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {
-       /*       k=2+nlstate*(2*cpt-2); */
+ /*  if(popforecast==1) fprintf(fichtm,"\n */
-       k=2+(nlstate+1)*(cpt-1);
+ /*  - Prevalences forecasting: <a href=\"f%s\">f%s</a> <br>\n */
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,k1);
+ /*  - Population forecasting (if popforecast=1): <a href=\"pop%s\">pop%s</a> <br>\n */
-       fprintf(ficgp,"set ter png small\n\
+ /*      <br>",fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres); */
- set size 0.65,0.65\n\
+ /*  else  */
- plot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d1\" w l",ageminpar,fage,subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k,cpt);
+ /*    fprintf(fichtm,"\n No population forecast: popforecast = %d (instead of 1) or stepm = %d (instead of 1) or model=%s (instead of .)<br><br></li>\n",popforecast, stepm, model); */
-       /*fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d-2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
+  fflush(fichtm);
-         for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
+  fprintf(fichtm," <ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
-         fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d+2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
+  m=cptcoveff;
-         for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
+  if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
-         fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
+  jj1=0;
-       */
+  for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){
-       for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++) {
+    for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
-         fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+i,cpt,i+1);
+      jj1++;
-         /*      fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+2*i,cpt,i+1);*/
+      if (cptcovn > 0) {
+        fprintf(fichtm,"<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">************ Results for covariates");
-       }
+        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++)
-       fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d.\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+nlstate,cpt);
+          fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtab[jj1][cpt]]);
-     }
+        fprintf(fichtm," ************\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
-   }
+      }
+      for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {
-   /* CV preval stable (period) */
+        fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Observed (cross-sectional) and period (incidence based) \
-   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {
+ prevalence (with 95%% confidence interval) in state (%d): %s%d%d.png <br>\
-     for (cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate ; cpt ++) {
+ <img src=\"%s%d%d.png\">",cpt,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,jj1);
-       k=3;
+      }
-       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,k1);
+      fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Total life expectancy by age and \
-       fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability\" \n\
+ health expectancies in states (1) and (2). If popbased=1 the smooth (due to the model) \
- set ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65\n\
+ true period expectancies (those weighted with period prevalences are also\
- unset log y\n\
+  drawn in addition to the population based expectancies computed using\
- plot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",ageminpar,agemaxpar,subdirf2(fileres,"pij"),k1,k+cpt+1,k+1);
+  observed and cahotic prevalences: %s%d.png<br>\
+ <img src=\"%s%d.png\">",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),jj1);
-       for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++)
+    } /* end i1 */
-         fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",k+i+1);
+  }/* End k1 */
-       fprintf(ficgp,")) t\"prev(%d,%d)\" w l",cpt,cpt+1);
+  fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
+  fflush(fichtm);
-       l=3+(nlstate+ndeath)*cpt;
+ }
-       fprintf(ficgp,",\"%s\" u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",subdirf2(fileres,"pij"),k1,l+cpt+1,l+1);
-       for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++) {
+ /******************* Gnuplot file **************/
-         l=3+(nlstate+ndeath)*cpt;
+ void printinggnuplot(char fileres[], char optionfilefiname[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double fage , char pathc[], double p[]){
-         fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",l+i+1);
-       }
+   char dirfileres[132],optfileres[132];
-       fprintf(ficgp,")) t\"prev(%d,%d)\" w l\n",cpt+1,cpt+1);
+   int m0,cpt=0,k1=0,i=0,k=0,j=0,jk=0,k2=0,k3=0,ij=0,l=0;
-     }
+   int ng=0;
-   }
+ /*   if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"a"))==NULL) { */
+ /*     printf("Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot); */
-   /* proba elementaires */
+ /*     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot); */
-   for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+ /*   } */
-     for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
-       if (k != i) {
+   /*#ifdef windows */
-         for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
+   fprintf(ficgp,"cd \"%s\" \n",pathc);
-           fprintf(ficgp,"p%d=%f ",jk,p[jk]);
+     /*#endif */
-           jk++;
+   m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
-           fprintf(ficgp,"\n");
-         }
+   strcpy(dirfileres,optionfilefiname);
-       }
+   strcpy(optfileres,"vpl");
-     }
+  /* 1eme*/
-    }
+   for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {
+    for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {
-    for(ng=1; ng<=2;ng++){ /* Number of graphics: first is probabilities second is incidence per year*/
+      fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,k1);
-      for(jk=1; jk <=m; jk++) {
+      fprintf(ficgp,"\n#set out \"v%s%d%d.png\" \n",optionfilefiname,cpt,k1);
-        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jk,ng);
+      fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \n\
-        if (ng==2)
+ set ylabel \"Probability\" \n\
-          fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ylabel \"Quasi-incidence per year\"\n");
+ set ter png small\n\
-        else
+ set size 0.65,0.65\n\
-          fprintf(ficgp,"\nset title \"Probability\"\n");
+ plot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",ageminpar,fage,subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1);
-        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65\nset log y\nplot  [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,agemaxpar);
-        i=1;
+      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
-        for(k2=1; k2<=nlstate; k2++) {
+        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
-          k3=i;
+        else        fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
-          for(k=1; k<=(nlstate+ndeath); k++) {
+      }
-            if (k != k2){
+      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"Period (stable) prevalence\" w l lt 1,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+1.96*$3) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1);
-              if(ng==2)
+      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
-                fprintf(ficgp," %f*exp(p%d+p%d*x",YEARM/stepm,i,i+1);
+        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
-              else
+        else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
-                fprintf(ficgp," exp(p%d+p%d*x",i,i+1);
+      }
-              ij=1;
+      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"95\%% CI\" w l lt 2,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-1.96*$3) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1);
-              for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel; j++) {
+      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
-                if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) {
+        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
-                  fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",i+j-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]);
+        else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
-                  ij++;
+      }
-                }
+      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 2,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d) t\"Observed prevalence \" w l lt 3",subdirf2(fileres,"p"),k1-1,k1-1,2+4*(cpt-1));
-                else
+    }
-                  fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",i+j-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);
+   }
-              }
+   /*2 eme*/
-              fprintf(ficgp,")/(1");
+   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {
-              for(k1=1; k1 <=nlstate; k1++){
+     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),k1);
-                fprintf(ficgp,"+exp(p%d+p%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel,k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1);
+     fprintf(ficgp,"set ylabel \"Years\" \nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65\nplot [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,fage);
-                ij=1;
-                for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
+     for (i=1; i<= nlstate+1 ; i ++) {
-                  if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) {
+       k=2*i;
-                    fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]);
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
-                    ij++;
+       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
-                  }
+         if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
-                  else
+         else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
-                    fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);
+       }
-                }
+       if (i== 1) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"TLE\" w l ,");
-                fprintf(ficgp,")");
+       else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"LE in state (%d)\" w l ,",i-1);
-              }
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-$3*2) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
-              fprintf(ficgp,") t \"p%d%d\" ", k2,k);
+       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
-              if ((k+k2)!= (nlstate*2+ndeath)) fprintf(ficgp,",");
+         if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
-              i=i+ncovmodel;
+         else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
-            }
+       }
-          } /* end k */
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 1,");
-        } /* end k2 */
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+$3*2) \"\%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
-      } /* end jk */
+       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
-    } /* end ng */
+         if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
-    fflush(ficgp);
+         else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
- }  /* end gnuplot */
+       }
+       if (i== (nlstate+1)) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 1");
+       else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 1,");
- /*************** Moving average **************/
+     }
- int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav){
+   }
-   int i, cpt, cptcod;
+   /*3eme*/
-   int modcovmax =1;
-   int mobilavrange, mob;
+   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {
-   double age;
+     for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {
+       /*       k=2+nlstate*(2*cpt-2); */
-   modcovmax=2*cptcoveff;/* Max number of modalities. We suppose
+       k=2+(nlstate+1)*(cpt-1);
-                            a covariate has 2 modalities */
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,k1);
-   if (cptcovn<1) modcovmax=1; /* At least 1 pass */
+       fprintf(ficgp,"set ter png small\n\
+ set size 0.65,0.65\n\
-   if(mobilav==1||mobilav ==3 ||mobilav==5 ||mobilav== 7){
+ plot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d1\" w l",ageminpar,fage,subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k,cpt);
-     if(mobilav==1) mobilavrange=5; /* default */
+       /*fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d-2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
-     else mobilavrange=mobilav;
+         for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
-     for (age=bage; age<=fage; age++)
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
-       for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+         fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d+2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
-         for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=modcovmax;cptcod++)
+         for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
-           mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+         fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
-     /* We keep the original values on the extreme ages bage, fage and for
-        fage+1 and bage-1 we use a 3 terms moving average; for fage+2 bage+2
+       */
-        we use a 5 terms etc. until the borders are no more concerned.
+       for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++) {
-     */
+         fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+i,cpt,i+1);
-     for (mob=3;mob <=mobilavrange;mob=mob+2){
+         /*      fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+2*i,cpt,i+1);*/
-       for (age=bage+(mob-1)/2; age<=fage-(mob-1)/2; age++){
-         for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+       }
-           for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=modcovmax;cptcod++){
+       fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d.\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+nlstate,cpt);
-             mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] =probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
+     }
-               for (cpt=1;cpt<=(mob-1)/2;cpt++){
+   }
-                 mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age-cpt][i][cptcod];
-                 mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age+cpt][i][cptcod];
+   /* CV preval stable (period) */
-               }
+   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {
-             mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]/mob;
+     for (cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate ; cpt ++) {
-           }
+       k=3;
-         }
+       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,k1);
-       }/* end age */
+       fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability\" \n\
-     }/* end mob */
+ set ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65\n\
-   }else return -1;
+ unset log y\n\
-   return 0;
+ plot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",ageminpar,agemaxpar,subdirf2(fileres,"pij"),k1,k+cpt+1,k+1);
- }/* End movingaverage */
+       for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++)
+         fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",k+i+1);
- /************** Forecasting ******************/
+       fprintf(ficgp,")) t\"prev(%d,%d)\" w l",cpt,cpt+1);
- prevforecast(char fileres[], double anproj1, double mproj1, double jproj1, double ageminpar, double agemax, double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double bage, double fage, int firstpass, int lastpass, double anproj2, double p[], int cptcoveff){
-   /* proj1, year, month, day of starting projection
+       l=3+(nlstate+ndeath)*cpt;
-      agemin, agemax range of age
+       fprintf(ficgp,",\"%s\" u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",subdirf2(fileres,"pij"),k1,l+cpt+1,l+1);
-      dateprev1 dateprev2 range of dates during which prevalence is computed
+       for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++) {
-      anproj2 year of en of projection (same day and month as proj1).
+         l=3+(nlstate+ndeath)*cpt;
-   */
+         fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",l+i+1);
-   int yearp, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j, k, c, cptcod, i, h, i1;
+       }
-   int *popage;
+       fprintf(ficgp,")) t\"prev(%d,%d)\" w l\n",cpt+1,cpt+1);
-   double agec; /* generic age */
+     }
-   double agelim, ppij, yp,yp1,yp2,jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean;
+   }
-   double *popeffectif,*popcount;
-   double ***p3mat;
+   /* proba elementaires */
-   double ***mobaverage;
+   for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
-   char fileresf[FILENAMELENGTH];
+     for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
+       if (k != i) {
-   agelim=AGESUP;
+         for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
-   prevalence(probs, ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
+           fprintf(ficgp,"p%d=%f ",jk,p[jk]);
+           jk++;
-   strcpy(fileresf,"f");
+           fprintf(ficgp,"\n");
-   strcat(fileresf,fileres);
+         }
-   if((ficresf=fopen(fileresf,"w"))==NULL) {
+       }
-     printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresf);
+     }
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresf);
+    }
-   }
-   printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", fileresf);
+    for(ng=1; ng<=2;ng++){ /* Number of graphics: first is probabilities second is incidence per year*/
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", fileresf);
+      for(jk=1; jk <=m; jk++) {
+        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jk,ng);
-   if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;
+        if (ng==2)
+          fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ylabel \"Quasi-incidence per year\"\n");
-   if (mobilav!=0) {
+        else
-     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+          fprintf(ficgp,"\nset title \"Probability\"\n");
-     if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
+        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65\nset log y\nplot  [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,agemaxpar);
-       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+        i=1;
-       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+        for(k2=1; k2<=nlstate; k2++) {
-     }
+          k3=i;
-   }
+          for(k=1; k<=(nlstate+ndeath); k++) {
+            if (k != k2){
-   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
+              if(ng==2)
-   if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;
+                fprintf(ficgp," %f*exp(p%d+p%d*x",YEARM/stepm,i,i+1);
-   if(estepm < stepm){
+              else
-     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
+                fprintf(ficgp," exp(p%d+p%d*x",i,i+1);
-   }
+              ij=1;/* To be checked else nbcode[0][0] wrong */
-   else  hstepm=estepm;
+              for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel; j++) {
+                if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) { /* Bug valgrind */
-   hstepm=hstepm/stepm;
+                  fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",i+j-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]);
-   yp1=modf(dateintmean,&yp);/* extracts integral of datemean in yp  and
+                  ij++;
-                                fractional in yp1 */
+                }
-   anprojmean=yp;
+                else
-   yp2=modf((yp1*12),&yp);
+                  fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",i+j-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);
-   mprojmean=yp;
+              }
-   yp1=modf((yp2*30.5),&yp);
+              fprintf(ficgp,")/(1");
-   jprojmean=yp;
-   if(jprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
+              for(k1=1; k1 <=nlstate; k1++){
-   if(mprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
+                fprintf(ficgp,"+exp(p%d+p%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel,k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1);
+                ij=1;
-   i1=cptcoveff;
+                for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
-   if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
+                  if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) {
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]);
-   fprintf(ficresf,"# Mean day of interviews %.lf/%.lf/%.lf (%.2f) between %.2f and %.2f \n",jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean,dateintmean,dateprev1,dateprev2);
+                    ij++;
+                  }
-   fprintf(ficresf,"#****** Routine prevforecast **\n");
+                  else
+                    fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);
- /*            if (h==(int)(YEARM*yearp)){ */
+                }
-   for(cptcov=1, k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
+                fprintf(ficgp,")");
-     for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){
+              }
-       k=k+1;
+              fprintf(ficgp,") t \"p%d%d\" ", k2,k);
-       fprintf(ficresf,"\n#******");
+              if ((k+k2)!= (nlstate*2+ndeath)) fprintf(ficgp,",");
-       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+              i=i+ncovmodel;
-         fprintf(ficresf," V%d=%d, hpijx=probability over h years, hp.jx is weighted by observed prev ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+            }
-       }
+          } /* end k */
-       fprintf(ficresf,"******\n");
+        } /* end k2 */
-       fprintf(ficresf,"# Covariate valuofcovar yearproj age");
+      } /* end jk */
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
+    } /* end ng */
-         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+    fflush(ficgp);
-           fprintf(ficresf," p%d%d",i,j);
+ }  /* end gnuplot */
-         fprintf(ficresf," p.%d",j);
-       }
-       for (yearp=0; yearp<=(anproj2-anproj1);yearp +=stepsize) {
+ /*************** Moving average **************/
-         fprintf(ficresf,"\n");
+ int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav){
-         fprintf(ficresf,"\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jproj1,mproj1,anproj1+yearp);
+   int i, cpt, cptcod;
-         for (agec=fage; agec>=(ageminpar-1); agec--){
+   int modcovmax =1;
-           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agec)*YEARM/stepm);
+   int mobilavrange, mob;
-           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;
+   double age;
-           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+   modcovmax=2*cptcoveff;/* Max number of modalities. We suppose
-           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agec,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);
+                            a covariate has 2 modalities */
+   if (cptcovn<1) modcovmax=1; /* At least 1 pass */
-           for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
-             if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm ==yearp) {
+   if(mobilav==1||mobilav ==3 ||mobilav==5 ||mobilav== 7){
-               fprintf(ficresf,"\n");
+     if(mobilav==1) mobilavrange=5; /* default */
-               for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+     else mobilavrange=mobilav;
-                 fprintf(ficresf,"%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+     for (age=bage; age<=fage; age++)
-               fprintf(ficresf,"%.f %.f ",anproj1+yearp,agec+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
+       for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-             }
+         for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=modcovmax;cptcod++)
-             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
+           mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
-               ppij=0.;
+     /* We keep the original values on the extreme ages bage, fage and for
-               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {
+        fage+1 and bage-1 we use a 3 terms moving average; for fage+2 bage+2
-                 if (mobilav==1)
+        we use a 5 terms etc. until the borders are no more concerned.
-                   ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agec][i][cptcod];
+     */
-                 else {
+     for (mob=3;mob <=mobilavrange;mob=mob+2){
-                   ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agec)][i][cptcod];
+       for (age=bage+(mob-1)/2; age<=fage-(mob-1)/2; age++){
-                 }
+         for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
-                 if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm== yearp) {
+           for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=modcovmax;cptcod++){
-                   fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", p3mat[i][j][h]);
+             mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] =probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
-                 }
+               for (cpt=1;cpt<=(mob-1)/2;cpt++){
-               } /* end i */
+                 mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age-cpt][i][cptcod];
-               if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm==yearp) {
+                 mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age+cpt][i][cptcod];
-                 fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", ppij);
+               }
-               }
+             mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]/mob;
-             }/* end j */
+           }
-           } /* end h */
+         }
-           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+       }/* end age */
-         } /* end agec */
+     }/* end mob */
-       } /* end yearp */
+   }else return -1;
-     } /* end cptcod */
+   return 0;
-   } /* end  cptcov */
+ }/* End movingaverage */
-   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+ /************** Forecasting ******************/
-   fclose(ficresf);
+ prevforecast(char fileres[], double anproj1, double mproj1, double jproj1, double ageminpar, double agemax, double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double bage, double fage, int firstpass, int lastpass, double anproj2, double p[], int cptcoveff){
- }
+   /* proj1, year, month, day of starting projection
+      agemin, agemax range of age
- /************** Forecasting *****not tested NB*************/
+      dateprev1 dateprev2 range of dates during which prevalence is computed
- populforecast(char fileres[], double anpyram,double mpyram,double jpyram,double ageminpar, double agemax,double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double agedeb, double fage, int popforecast, char popfile[], double anpyram1,double p[], int i2){
+      anproj2 year of en of projection (same day and month as proj1).
+   */
-   int cpt, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j,k,c, cptcod, i,h;
+   int yearp, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j, k, c, cptcod, i, h, i1;
    int *popage;
-   double calagedatem, agelim, kk1, kk2;
+   double agec; /* generic age */
-   double *popeffectif,*popcount;
+   double agelim, ppij, yp,yp1,yp2,jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean;
-   double ***p3mat,***tabpop,***tabpopprev;
+   double *popeffectif,*popcount;
-   double ***mobaverage;
+   double ***p3mat;
-   char filerespop[FILENAMELENGTH];
+   double ***mobaverage;
+   char fileresf[FILENAMELENGTH];
-   tabpop= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-   tabpopprev= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+   agelim=AGESUP;
-   agelim=AGESUP;
+   prevalence(probs, ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
-   calagedatem=(anpyram+mpyram/12.+jpyram/365.-dateintmean)*YEARM;
+   strcpy(fileresf,"f");
-   prevalence(probs, ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
+   strcat(fileresf,fileres);
+   if((ficresf=fopen(fileresf,"w"))==NULL) {
+     printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresf);
-   strcpy(filerespop,"pop");
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresf);
-   strcat(filerespop,fileres);
+   }
-   if((ficrespop=fopen(filerespop,"w"))==NULL) {
+   printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", fileresf);
-     printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", fileresf);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop);
-   }
+   if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;
-   printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop);
+   if (mobilav!=0) {
+     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-   if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;
+     if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
+       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-   if (mobilav!=0) {
+       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+     }
-     if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
+   }
-       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
-     }
+   if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;
-   }
+   if(estepm < stepm){
+     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
-   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
+   }
-   if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;
+   else  hstepm=estepm;
-   agelim=AGESUP;
+   hstepm=hstepm/stepm;
+   yp1=modf(dateintmean,&yp);/* extracts integral of datemean in yp  and
-   hstepm=1;
+                                fractional in yp1 */
-   hstepm=hstepm/stepm;
+   anprojmean=yp;
+   yp2=modf((yp1*12),&yp);
-   if (popforecast==1) {
+   mprojmean=yp;
-     if((ficpop=fopen(popfile,"r"))==NULL) {
+   yp1=modf((yp2*30.5),&yp);
-       printf("Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0);
+   jprojmean=yp;
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0);
+   if(jprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
-     }
+   if(mprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
-     popage=ivector(0,AGESUP);
-     popeffectif=vector(0,AGESUP);
+   i1=cptcoveff;
-     popcount=vector(0,AGESUP);
+   if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
-     i=1;
+   fprintf(ficresf,"# Mean day of interviews %.lf/%.lf/%.lf (%.2f) between %.2f and %.2f \n",jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean,dateintmean,dateprev1,dateprev2);
-     while ((c=fscanf(ficpop,"%d %lf\n",&popage[i],&popcount[i])) != EOF) i=i+1;
+   fprintf(ficresf,"#****** Routine prevforecast **\n");
-     imx=i;
-     for (i=1; i<imx;i++) popeffectif[popage[i]]=popcount[i];
+ /*            if (h==(int)(YEARM*yearp)){ */
-   }
+   for(cptcov=1, k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
+     for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){
-   for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i2;cptcov++){
+       k=k+1;
-    for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){
+       fprintf(ficresf,"\n#******");
-       k=k+1;
+       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
-       fprintf(ficrespop,"\n#******");
+         fprintf(ficresf," V%d=%d, hpijx=probability over h years, hp.jx is weighted by observed prev ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
-       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+       }
-         fprintf(ficrespop," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+       fprintf(ficresf,"******\n");
-       }
+       fprintf(ficresf,"# Covariate valuofcovar yearproj age");
-       fprintf(ficrespop,"******\n");
+       for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
-       fprintf(ficrespop,"# Age");
+         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-       for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) fprintf(ficrespop," P.%d",j);
+           fprintf(ficresf," p%d%d",i,j);
-       if (popforecast==1)  fprintf(ficrespop," [Population]");
+         fprintf(ficresf," p.%d",j);
+       }
-       for (cpt=0; cpt<=0;cpt++) {
+       for (yearp=0; yearp<=(anproj2-anproj1);yearp +=stepsize) {
-         fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);
+         fprintf(ficresf,"\n");
+         fprintf(ficresf,"\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jproj1,mproj1,anproj1+yearp);
-         for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedatem %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedatem %12)/12.); agedeb--){
-           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm);
+         for (agec=fage; agec>=(ageminpar-1); agec--){
-           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;
+           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agec)*YEARM/stepm);
+           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;
            p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
            oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
-           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);
+           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agec,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);
            for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
-             if (h==(int) (calagedatem+YEARM*cpt)) {
+             if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm ==yearp) {
-               fprintf(ficrespop,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
+               fprintf(ficresf,"\n");
-             }
+               for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
-             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
+                 fprintf(ficresf,"%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
-               kk1=0.;kk2=0;
+               fprintf(ficresf,"%.f %.f ",anproj1+yearp,agec+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
-               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {
+             }
-                 if (mobilav==1)
+             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
-                   kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];
+               ppij=0.;
-                 else {
+               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {
-                   kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agedeb+1)][i][cptcod];
+                 if (mobilav==1)
-                 }
+                   ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agec][i][cptcod];
-               }
+                 else {
-               if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)){
+                   ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agec)][i][cptcod];
-                 tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod]=kk1;
+                 }
-                   /*fprintf(ficrespop," %.3f", kk1);
+                 if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm== yearp) {
-                     if (popforecast==1) fprintf(ficrespop," [%.f]", kk1*popeffectif[(int)agedeb+1]);*/
+                   fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", p3mat[i][j][h]);
-               }
+                 }
-             }
+               } /* end i */
-             for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
+               if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm==yearp) {
-               kk1=0.;
+                 fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", ppij);
-                 for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
+               }
-                   kk1= kk1+tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod];
+             }/* end j */
-                 }
+           } /* end h */
-                   tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]=tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]/kk1*popeffectif[(int)(agedeb+(calagedatem+12*cpt)*hstepm/YEARM*stepm-1)];
+           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-             }
+         } /* end agec */
+       } /* end yearp */
-             if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)) for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
+     } /* end cptcod */
-               fprintf(ficrespop," %15.2f",tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb+1)][j][cptcod]);
+   } /* end  cptcov */
-           }
-           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-         }
-       }
+   fclose(ficresf);
+ }
-   /******/
+ /************** Forecasting *****not tested NB*************/
-       for (cpt=1; cpt<=(anpyram1-anpyram);cpt++) {
+ populforecast(char fileres[], double anpyram,double mpyram,double jpyram,double ageminpar, double agemax,double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double agedeb, double fage, int popforecast, char popfile[], double anpyram1,double p[], int i2){
-         fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);
-         for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedatem %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedatem %12)/12.); agedeb--){
+   int cpt, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j,k,c, cptcod, i,h;
-           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm);
+   int *popage;
-           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;
+   double calagedatem, agelim, kk1, kk2;
+   double *popeffectif,*popcount;
-           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+   double ***p3mat,***tabpop,***tabpopprev;
-           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+   double ***mobaverage;
-           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);
+   char filerespop[FILENAMELENGTH];
-           for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
-             if (h==(int) (calagedatem+YEARM*cpt)) {
+   tabpop= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-               fprintf(ficresf,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
+   tabpopprev= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-             }
+   agelim=AGESUP;
-             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
+   calagedatem=(anpyram+mpyram/12.+jpyram/365.-dateintmean)*YEARM;
-               kk1=0.;kk2=0;
-               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {
+   prevalence(probs, ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
-                 kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*tabpopprev[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];
-               }
-               if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)) fprintf(ficresf," %15.2f", kk1);
+   strcpy(filerespop,"pop");
-             }
+   strcat(filerespop,fileres);
-           }
+   if((ficrespop=fopen(filerespop,"w"))==NULL) {
-           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+     printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop);
-         }
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop);
-       }
+   }
-    }
+   printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop);
-   }
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop);
-   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+   if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;
-   if (popforecast==1) {
+   if (mobilav!=0) {
-     free_ivector(popage,0,AGESUP);
+     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-     free_vector(popeffectif,0,AGESUP);
+     if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
-     free_vector(popcount,0,AGESUP);
+       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-   }
+       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
-   free_ma3x(tabpop,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+     }
-   free_ma3x(tabpopprev,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+   }
-   fclose(ficrespop);
- } /* End of popforecast */
+   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
+   if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;
- int fileappend(FILE *fichier, char *optionfich)
- {
+   agelim=AGESUP;
-   if((fichier=fopen(optionfich,"a"))==NULL) {
-     printf("Problem with file: %s\n", optionfich);
+   hstepm=1;
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with file: %s\n", optionfich);
+   hstepm=hstepm/stepm;
-     return (0);
-   }
+   if (popforecast==1) {
-   fflush(fichier);
+     if((ficpop=fopen(popfile,"r"))==NULL) {
-   return (1);
+       printf("Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0);
- }
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0);
+     }
+     popage=ivector(0,AGESUP);
- /**************** function prwizard **********************/
+     popeffectif=vector(0,AGESUP);
- void prwizard(int ncovmodel, int nlstate, int ndeath,  char model[], FILE *ficparo)
+     popcount=vector(0,AGESUP);
- {
+     i=1;
-   /* Wizard to print covariance matrix template */
+     while ((c=fscanf(ficpop,"%d %lf\n",&popage[i],&popcount[i])) != EOF) i=i+1;
-   char ca[32], cb[32], cc[32];
+     imx=i;
-   int i,j, k, l, li, lj, lk, ll, jj, npar, itimes;
+     for (i=1; i<imx;i++) popeffectif[popage[i]]=popcount[i];
-   int numlinepar;
+   }
-   printf("# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
+   for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i2;cptcov++){
-   fprintf(ficparo,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
+    for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){
-   for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+       k=k+1;
-     jj=0;
+       fprintf(ficrespop,"\n#******");
-     for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
+       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
-       if(j==i) continue;
+         fprintf(ficrespop," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
-       jj++;
+       }
-       /*ca[0]= k+'a'-1;ca[1]='\0';*/
+       fprintf(ficrespop,"******\n");
-       printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
+       fprintf(ficrespop,"# Age");
-       fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i,j);
+       for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) fprintf(ficrespop," P.%d",j);
-       for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
+       if (popforecast==1)  fprintf(ficrespop," [Population]");
-         /*        printf(" %lf",param[i][j][k]); */
-         /*        fprintf(ficparo," %lf",param[i][j][k]); */
+       for (cpt=0; cpt<=0;cpt++) {
-         printf(" 0.");
+         fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);
-         fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
-       }
+         for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedatem %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedatem %12)/12.); agedeb--){
-       printf("\n");
+           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm);
-       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
+           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;
-     }
-   }
+           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-   printf("# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
+           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
-   fprintf(ficparo,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
+           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);
-   npar= (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel; /* Number of parameters*/
-   for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+           for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
-     jj=0;
+             if (h==(int) (calagedatem+YEARM*cpt)) {
-     for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
+               fprintf(ficrespop,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
-       if(j==i) continue;
+             }
-       jj++;
+             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
-       fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i,j);
+               kk1=0.;kk2=0;
-       printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
+               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {
-       fflush(stdout);
+                 if (mobilav==1)
-       for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
+                   kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];
-         /*      printf(" %le",delti3[i][j][k]); */
+                 else {
-         /*      fprintf(ficparo," %le",delti3[i][j][k]); */
+                   kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agedeb+1)][i][cptcod];
-         printf(" 0.");
+                 }
-         fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
+               }
-       }
+               if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)){
-       numlinepar++;
+                 tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod]=kk1;
-       printf("\n");
+                   /*fprintf(ficrespop," %.3f", kk1);
-       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
+                     if (popforecast==1) fprintf(ficrespop," [%.f]", kk1*popeffectif[(int)agedeb+1]);*/
-     }
+               }
-   }
+             }
-   printf("# Covariance matrix\n");
+             for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
- /* # 121 Var(a12)\n\ */
+               kk1=0.;
- /* # 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n\ */
+                 for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
- /* # 131 Cov(a13,a12) Cov(a13,b12, Var(a13)\n\ */
+                   kk1= kk1+tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod];
- /* # 132 Cov(b13,a12) Cov(b13,b12, Cov(b13,a13) Var(b13)\n\ */
+                 }
- /* # 212 Cov(a21,a12) Cov(a21,b12, Cov(a21,a13) Cov(a21,b13) Var(a21)\n\ */
+                   tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]=tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]/kk1*popeffectif[(int)(agedeb+(calagedatem+12*cpt)*hstepm/YEARM*stepm-1)];
- /* # 212 Cov(b21,a12) Cov(b21,b12, Cov(b21,a13) Cov(b21,b13) Cov(b21,a21) Var(b21)\n\ */
+             }
- /* # 232 Cov(a23,a12) Cov(a23,b12, Cov(a23,a13) Cov(a23,b13) Cov(a23,a21) Cov(a23,b21) Var(a23)\n\ */
- /* # 232 Cov(b23,a12) Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n" */
+             if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)) for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
-   fflush(stdout);
+               fprintf(ficrespop," %15.2f",tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb+1)][j][cptcod]);
-   fprintf(ficparo,"# Covariance matrix\n");
+           }
-   /* # 121 Var(a12)\n\ */
+           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-   /* # 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n\ */
+         }
-   /* #   ...\n\ */
+       }
-   /* # 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n" */
+   /******/
-   for(itimes=1;itimes<=2;itimes++){
-     jj=0;
+       for (cpt=1; cpt<=(anpyram1-anpyram);cpt++) {
-     for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+         fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);
-       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
+         for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedatem %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedatem %12)/12.); agedeb--){
-         if(j==i) continue;
+           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm);
-         for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
+           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;
-           jj++;
-           ca[0]= k+'a'-1;ca[1]='\0';
+           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-           if(itimes==1){
+           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
-             printf("#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
+           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);
-             fprintf(ficparo,"#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
+           for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
-           }else{
+             if (h==(int) (calagedatem+YEARM*cpt)) {
-             printf("%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
+               fprintf(ficresf,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
-             fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
+             }
-             /*  printf(" %.5le",matcov[i][j]); */
+             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
-           }
+               kk1=0.;kk2=0;
-           ll=0;
+               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {
-           for(li=1;li <=nlstate; li++){
+                 kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*tabpopprev[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];
-             for(lj=1;lj <=nlstate+ndeath; lj++){
+               }
-               if(lj==li) continue;
+               if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)) fprintf(ficresf," %15.2f", kk1);
-               for(lk=1;lk<=ncovmodel;lk++){
+             }
-                 ll++;
+           }
-                 if(ll<=jj){
+           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-                   cb[0]= lk +'a'-1;cb[1]='\0';
+         }
-                   if(ll<jj){
+       }
-                     if(itimes==1){
+    }
-                       printf(" Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
+   }
-                       fprintf(ficparo," Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
-                     }else{
+   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-                       printf(" 0.");
-                       fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
+   if (popforecast==1) {
-                     }
+     free_ivector(popage,0,AGESUP);
-                   }else{
+     free_vector(popeffectif,0,AGESUP);
-                     if(itimes==1){
+     free_vector(popcount,0,AGESUP);
-                       printf(" Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
+   }
-                       fprintf(ficparo," Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
+   free_ma3x(tabpop,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-                     }else{
+   free_ma3x(tabpopprev,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
-                       printf(" 0.");
+   fclose(ficrespop);
-                       fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
+ } /* End of popforecast */
-                     }
-                   }
+ int fileappend(FILE *fichier, char *optionfich)
-                 }
+ {
-               } /* end lk */
+   if((fichier=fopen(optionfich,"a"))==NULL) {
-             } /* end lj */
+     printf("Problem with file: %s\n", optionfich);
-           } /* end li */
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with file: %s\n", optionfich);
-           printf("\n");
+     return (0);
-           fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
+   }
-           numlinepar++;
+   fflush(fichier);
-         } /* end k*/
+   return (1);
-       } /*end j */
+ }
-     } /* end i */
-   } /* end itimes */
+ /**************** function prwizard **********************/
- } /* end of prwizard */
+ void prwizard(int ncovmodel, int nlstate, int ndeath,  char model[], FILE *ficparo)
- /******************* Gompertz Likelihood ******************************/
+ {
- double gompertz(double x[])
- {
+   /* Wizard to print covariance matrix template */
-   double A,B,L=0.0,sump=0.,num=0.;
-   int i,n=0; /* n is the size of the sample */
+   char ca[32], cb[32], cc[32];
+   int i,j, k, l, li, lj, lk, ll, jj, npar, itimes;
-   for (i=0;i<=imx-1 ; i++) {
+   int numlinepar;
-     sump=sump+weight[i];
-     /*    sump=sump+1;*/
+   printf("# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
-     num=num+1;
+   fprintf(ficparo,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
-   }
+   for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+     jj=0;
+     for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
-   /* for (i=0; i<=imx; i++)
+       if(j==i) continue;
-      if (wav[i]>0) printf("i=%d ageex=%lf agecens=%lf agedc=%lf cens=%d %d\n" ,i,ageexmed[i],agecens[i],agedc[i],cens[i],wav[i]);*/
+       jj++;
+       /*ca[0]= k+'a'-1;ca[1]='\0';*/
-   for (i=1;i<=imx ; i++)
+       printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
-     {
+       fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i,j);
-       if (cens[i] == 1 && wav[i]>1)
+       for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
-         A=-x[1]/(x[2])*(exp(x[2]*(agecens[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[2]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)));
+         /*        printf(" %lf",param[i][j][k]); */
+         /*        fprintf(ficparo," %lf",param[i][j][k]); */
-       if (cens[i] == 0 && wav[i]>1)
+         printf(" 0.");
-         A=-x[1]/(x[2])*(exp(x[2]*(agedc[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[2]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)))
+         fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
-              +log(x[1]/YEARM)+x[2]*(agedc[i]-agegomp)+log(YEARM);
+       }
+       printf("\n");
-       /*if (wav[i] > 1 && agecens[i] > 15) {*/ /* ??? */
+       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
-       if (wav[i] > 1 ) { /* ??? */
+     }
-         L=L+A*weight[i];
+   }
-         /*      printf("\ni=%d A=%f L=%lf x[1]=%lf x[2]=%lf ageex=%lf agecens=%lf cens=%d agedc=%lf weight=%lf\n",i,A,L,x[1],x[2],ageexmed[i]*12,agecens[i]*12,cens[i],agedc[i]*12,weight[i]);*/
+   printf("# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
-       }
+   fprintf(ficparo,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
-     }
+   npar= (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel; /* Number of parameters*/
+   for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
-  /*printf("x1=%2.9f x2=%2.9f x3=%2.9f L=%f\n",x[1],x[2],x[3],L);*/
+     jj=0;
+     for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
-   return -2*L*num/sump;
+       if(j==i) continue;
- }
+       jj++;
+       fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i,j);
- /******************* Printing html file ***********/
+       printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
- void printinghtmlmort(char fileres[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \
+       fflush(stdout);
-                   int lastpass, int stepm, int weightopt, char model[],\
+       for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
-                   int imx,  double p[],double **matcov,double agemortsup){
+         /*      printf(" %le",delti3[i][j][k]); */
-   int i,k;
+         /*      fprintf(ficparo," %le",delti3[i][j][k]); */
+         printf(" 0.");
-   fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4>Result files </h4>\n Force of mortality. Parameters of the Gompertz fit (with confidence interval in brackets):<br>");
+         fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
-   fprintf(fichtm,"  mu(age) =%lf*exp(%lf*(age-%d)) per year<br><br>",p[1],p[2],agegomp);
+       }
-   for (i=1;i<=2;i++)
+       numlinepar++;
-     fprintf(fichtm," p[%d] = %lf [%f ; %f]<br>\n",i,p[i],p[i]-2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]),p[i]+2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]));
+       printf("\n");
-   fprintf(fichtm,"<br><br><img src=\"graphmort.png\">");
+       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
-   fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
+     }
+   }
- fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4>Life table</h4>\n <br>");
+   printf("# Covariance matrix\n");
+ /* # 121 Var(a12)\n\ */
-  fprintf(fichtm,"\nAge   l<inf>x</inf>     q<inf>x</inf> d(x,x+1)    L<inf>x</inf>     T<inf>x</inf>     e<infx</inf><br>");
+ /* # 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n\ */
+ /* # 131 Cov(a13,a12) Cov(a13,b12, Var(a13)\n\ */
-  for (k=agegomp;k<(agemortsup-2);k++)
+ /* # 132 Cov(b13,a12) Cov(b13,b12, Cov(b13,a13) Var(b13)\n\ */
-    fprintf(fichtm,"%d %.0lf %lf %.0lf %.0lf %.0lf %lf<br>\n",k,lsurv[k],p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)),(p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)))*lsurv[k],lpop[k],tpop[k],tpop[k]/lsurv[k]);
+ /* # 212 Cov(a21,a12) Cov(a21,b12, Cov(a21,a13) Cov(a21,b13) Var(a21)\n\ */
+ /* # 212 Cov(b21,a12) Cov(b21,b12, Cov(b21,a13) Cov(b21,b13) Cov(b21,a21) Var(b21)\n\ */
+ /* # 232 Cov(a23,a12) Cov(a23,b12, Cov(a23,a13) Cov(a23,b13) Cov(a23,a21) Cov(a23,b21) Var(a23)\n\ */
-   fflush(fichtm);
+ /* # 232 Cov(b23,a12) Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n" */
- }
+   fflush(stdout);
+   fprintf(ficparo,"# Covariance matrix\n");
- /******************* Gnuplot file **************/
+   /* # 121 Var(a12)\n\ */
- void printinggnuplotmort(char fileres[], char optionfilefiname[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double fage , char pathc[], double p[]){
+   /* # 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n\ */
+   /* #   ...\n\ */
-   char dirfileres[132],optfileres[132];
+   /* # 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n" */
-   int m,cpt,k1,i,k,j,jk,k2,k3,ij,l;
-   int ng;
+   for(itimes=1;itimes<=2;itimes++){
+     jj=0;
+     for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
-   /*#ifdef windows */
+       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
-   fprintf(ficgp,"cd \"%s\" \n",pathc);
+         if(j==i) continue;
-     /*#endif */
+         for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
+           jj++;
+           ca[0]= k+'a'-1;ca[1]='\0';
-   strcpy(dirfileres,optionfilefiname);
+           if(itimes==1){
-   strcpy(optfileres,"vpl");
+             printf("#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
-   fprintf(ficgp,"set out \"graphmort.png\"\n ");
+             fprintf(ficparo,"#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
-   fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\"\n set ylabel \"Force of mortality (per year)\" \n ");
+           }else{
-   fprintf(ficgp, "set ter png small\n set log y\n");
+             printf("%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
-   fprintf(ficgp, "set size 0.65,0.65\n");
+             fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
-   fprintf(ficgp,"plot [%d:100] %lf*exp(%lf*(x-%d))",agegomp,p[1],p[2],agegomp);
+             /*  printf(" %.5le",matcov[i][j]); */
+           }
- }
+           ll=0;
+           for(li=1;li <=nlstate; li++){
+             for(lj=1;lj <=nlstate+ndeath; lj++){
+               if(lj==li) continue;
+               for(lk=1;lk<=ncovmodel;lk++){
+                 ll++;
- /***********************************************/
+                 if(ll<=jj){
- /**************** Main Program *****************/
+                   cb[0]= lk +'a'-1;cb[1]='\0';
- /***********************************************/
+                   if(ll<jj){
+                     if(itimes==1){
- int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+                       printf(" Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
- {
+                       fprintf(ficparo," Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
-   int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav);
+                     }else{
-   int i,j, k, n=MAXN,iter,m,size=100,cptcode, cptcod;
+                       printf(" 0.");
-   int linei, month, year,iout;
+                       fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
-   int jj, ll, li, lj, lk, imk;
+                     }
-   int numlinepar=0; /* Current linenumber of parameter file */
+                   }else{
-   int itimes;
+                     if(itimes==1){
-   int NDIM=2;
+                       printf(" Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
+                       fprintf(ficparo," Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
-   char ca[32], cb[32], cc[32];
+                     }else{
-   char dummy[]="                         ";
+                       printf(" 0.");
-   /*  FILE *fichtm; *//* Html File */
+                       fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
-   /* FILE *ficgp;*/ /*Gnuplot File */
+                     }
-   struct stat info;
+                   }
-   double agedeb, agefin,hf;
+                 }
-   double ageminpar=1.e20,agemin=1.e20, agemaxpar=-1.e20, agemax=-1.e20;
+               } /* end lk */
+             } /* end lj */
-   double fret;
+           } /* end li */
-   double **xi,tmp,delta;
+           printf("\n");
+           fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
-   double dum; /* Dummy variable */
+           numlinepar++;
-   double ***p3mat;
+         } /* end k*/
-   double ***mobaverage;
+       } /*end j */
-   int *indx;
+     } /* end i */
-   char line[MAXLINE], linepar[MAXLINE];
+   } /* end itimes */
-   char path[MAXLINE],pathc[MAXLINE],pathcd[MAXLINE],pathtot[MAXLINE],model[MAXLINE];
-   char pathr[MAXLINE], pathimach[MAXLINE];
+ } /* end of prwizard */
-   char **bp, *tok, *val; /* pathtot */
+ /******************* Gompertz Likelihood ******************************/
-   int firstobs=1, lastobs=10;
+ double gompertz(double x[])
-   int sdeb, sfin; /* Status at beginning and end */
+ {
-   int c,  h , cpt,l;
+   double A,B,L=0.0,sump=0.,num=0.;
-   int ju,jl, mi;
+   int i,n=0; /* n is the size of the sample */
-   int i1,j1, k1,k2,k3,jk,aa,bb, stepsize, ij;
-   int jnais,jdc,jint4,jint1,jint2,jint3,**outcome,*tab;
+   for (i=0;i<=imx-1 ; i++) {
-   int mobilavproj=0 , prevfcast=0 ; /* moving average of prev, If prevfcast=1 prevalence projection */
+     sump=sump+weight[i];
-   int mobilav=0,popforecast=0;
+     /*    sump=sump+1;*/
-   int hstepm, nhstepm;
+     num=num+1;
-   int agemortsup;
+   }
-   float  sumlpop=0.;
-   double jprev1=1, mprev1=1,anprev1=2000,jprev2=1, mprev2=1,anprev2=2000;
-   double jpyram=1, mpyram=1,anpyram=2000,jpyram1=1, mpyram1=1,anpyram1=2000;
+   /* for (i=0; i<=imx; i++)
+      if (wav[i]>0) printf("i=%d ageex=%lf agecens=%lf agedc=%lf cens=%d %d\n" ,i,ageexmed[i],agecens[i],agedc[i],cens[i],wav[i]);*/
-   double bage, fage, age, agelim, agebase;
-   double ftolpl=FTOL;
+   for (i=1;i<=imx ; i++)
-   double **prlim;
+     {
-   double *severity;
+       if (cens[i] == 1 && wav[i]>1)
-   double ***param; /* Matrix of parameters */
+         A=-x[1]/(x[2])*(exp(x[2]*(agecens[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[2]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)));
-   double  *p;
-   double **matcov; /* Matrix of covariance */
+       if (cens[i] == 0 && wav[i]>1)
-   double ***delti3; /* Scale */
+         A=-x[1]/(x[2])*(exp(x[2]*(agedc[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[2]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)))
-   double *delti; /* Scale */
+              +log(x[1]/YEARM)+x[2]*(agedc[i]-agegomp)+log(YEARM);
-   double ***eij, ***vareij;
-   double **varpl; /* Variances of prevalence limits by age */
+       /*if (wav[i] > 1 && agecens[i] > 15) {*/ /* ??? */
-   double *epj, vepp;
+       if (wav[i] > 1 ) { /* ??? */
-   double kk1, kk2;
+         L=L+A*weight[i];
-   double dateprev1, dateprev2,jproj1=1,mproj1=1,anproj1=2000,jproj2=1,mproj2=1,anproj2=2000;
+         /*      printf("\ni=%d A=%f L=%lf x[1]=%lf x[2]=%lf ageex=%lf agecens=%lf cens=%d agedc=%lf weight=%lf\n",i,A,L,x[1],x[2],ageexmed[i]*12,agecens[i]*12,cens[i],agedc[i]*12,weight[i]);*/
-   double **ximort;
+       }
-   char *alph[]={"a","a","b","c","d","e"}, str[4];
+     }
-   int *dcwave;
+  /*printf("x1=%2.9f x2=%2.9f x3=%2.9f L=%f\n",x[1],x[2],x[3],L);*/
-   char z[1]="c", occ;
+   return -2*L*num/sump;
-   char stra[80], strb[80], strc[80], strd[80],stre[80],modelsav[80];
+ }
-   char  *strt, strtend[80];
-   char *stratrunc;
+ #ifdef GSL
-   int lstra;
+ /******************* Gompertz_f Likelihood ******************************/
+ double gompertz_f(const gsl_vector *v, void *params)
-   long total_usecs;
+ {
+   double A,B,LL=0.0,sump=0.,num=0.;
- /*   setlocale (LC_ALL, ""); */
+   double *x= (double *) v->data;
- /*   bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR); */
+   int i,n=0; /* n is the size of the sample */
- /*   textdomain (PACKAGE); */
- /*   setlocale (LC_CTYPE, ""); */
+   for (i=0;i<=imx-1 ; i++) {
- /*   setlocale (LC_MESSAGES, ""); */
+     sump=sump+weight[i];
+     /*    sump=sump+1;*/
-   /*   gettimeofday(&start_time, (struct timezone*)0); */ /* at first time */
+     num=num+1;
-   (void) gettimeofday(&start_time,&tzp);
+   }
-   curr_time=start_time;
-   tm = *localtime(&start_time.tv_sec);
-   tmg = *gmtime(&start_time.tv_sec);
+   /* for (i=0; i<=imx; i++)
-   strcpy(strstart,asctime(&tm));
+      if (wav[i]>0) printf("i=%d ageex=%lf agecens=%lf agedc=%lf cens=%d %d\n" ,i,ageexmed[i],agecens[i],agedc[i],cens[i],wav[i]);*/
+   printf("x[0]=%lf x[1]=%lf\n",x[0],x[1]);
- /*  printf("Localtime (at start)=%s",strstart); */
+   for (i=1;i<=imx ; i++)
- /*  tp.tv_sec = tp.tv_sec +86400; */
+     {
- /*  tm = *localtime(&start_time.tv_sec); */
+       if (cens[i] == 1 && wav[i]>1)
- /*   tmg.tm_year=tmg.tm_year +dsign*dyear; */
+         A=-x[0]/(x[1])*(exp(x[1]*(agecens[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[1]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)));
- /*   tmg.tm_mon=tmg.tm_mon +dsign*dmonth; */
- /*   tmg.tm_hour=tmg.tm_hour + 1; */
+       if (cens[i] == 0 && wav[i]>1)
- /*   tp.tv_sec = mktime(&tmg); */
+         A=-x[0]/(x[1])*(exp(x[1]*(agedc[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[1]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)))
- /*   strt=asctime(&tmg); */
+              +log(x[0]/YEARM)+x[1]*(agedc[i]-agegomp)+log(YEARM);
- /*   printf("Time(after) =%s",strstart);  */
- /*  (void) time (&time_value);
+       /*if (wav[i] > 1 && agecens[i] > 15) {*/ /* ??? */
- *  printf("time=%d,t-=%d\n",time_value,time_value-86400);
+       if (wav[i] > 1 ) { /* ??? */
- *  tm = *localtime(&time_value);
+         LL=LL+A*weight[i];
- *  strstart=asctime(&tm);
+         /*      printf("\ni=%d A=%f L=%lf x[1]=%lf x[2]=%lf ageex=%lf agecens=%lf cens=%d agedc=%lf weight=%lf\n",i,A,L,x[1],x[2],ageexmed[i]*12,agecens[i]*12,cens[i],agedc[i]*12,weight[i]);*/
- *  printf("tim_value=%d,asctime=%s\n",time_value,strstart);
+       }
- */
+     }
-   nberr=0; /* Number of errors and warnings */
+  /*printf("x1=%2.9f x2=%2.9f x3=%2.9f L=%f\n",x[1],x[2],x[3],L);*/
-   nbwarn=0;
+   printf("x[0]=%lf x[1]=%lf -2*LL*num/sump=%lf\n",x[0],x[1],-2*LL*num/sump);
-   getcwd(pathcd, size);
+   return -2*LL*num/sump;
-   printf("\n%s\n%s",version,fullversion);
+ }
-   if(argc <=1){
+ #endif
-     printf("\nEnter the parameter file name: ");
-     fgets(pathr,FILENAMELENGTH,stdin);
+ /******************* Printing html file ***********/
-     i=strlen(pathr);
+ void printinghtmlmort(char fileres[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \
-     if(pathr[i-1]=='\n')
+                   int lastpass, int stepm, int weightopt, char model[],\
-       pathr[i-1]='\0';
+                   int imx,  double p[],double **matcov,double agemortsup){
-    for (tok = pathr; tok != NULL; ){
+   int i,k;
-       printf("Pathr |%s|\n",pathr);
-       while ((val = strsep(&tok, "\"" )) != NULL && *val == '\0');
+   fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4>Result files </h4>\n Force of mortality. Parameters of the Gompertz fit (with confidence interval in brackets):<br>");
-       printf("val= |%s| pathr=%s\n",val,pathr);
+   fprintf(fichtm,"  mu(age) =%lf*exp(%lf*(age-%d)) per year<br><br>",p[1],p[2],agegomp);
-       strcpy (pathtot, val);
+   for (i=1;i<=2;i++)
-       if(pathr[0] == '\0') break; /* Dirty */
+     fprintf(fichtm," p[%d] = %lf [%f ; %f]<br>\n",i,p[i],p[i]-2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]),p[i]+2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]));
-     }
+   fprintf(fichtm,"<br><br><img src=\"graphmort.png\">");
-   }
+   fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
-   else{
-     strcpy(pathtot,argv[1]);
+ fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4>Life table</h4>\n <br>");
-   }
-   /*if(getcwd(pathcd, MAXLINE)!= NULL)printf ("Error pathcd\n");*/
+  fprintf(fichtm,"\nAge   l<inf>x</inf>     q<inf>x</inf> d(x,x+1)    L<inf>x</inf>     T<inf>x</inf>     e<infx</inf><br>");
-   /*cygwin_split_path(pathtot,path,optionfile);
-     printf("pathtot=%s, path=%s, optionfile=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile);*/
+  for (k=agegomp;k<(agemortsup-2);k++)
-   /* cutv(path,optionfile,pathtot,'\\');*/
+    fprintf(fichtm,"%d %.0lf %lf %.0lf %.0lf %.0lf %lf<br>\n",k,lsurv[k],p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)),(p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)))*lsurv[k],lpop[k],tpop[k],tpop[k]/lsurv[k]);
-   /* Split argv[0], imach program to get pathimach */
-   printf("\nargv[0]=%s argv[1]=%s, \n",argv[0],argv[1]);
+   fflush(fichtm);
-   split(argv[0],pathimach,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
+ }
-   printf("\nargv[0]=%s pathimach=%s, \noptionfile=%s \noptionfilext=%s \noptionfilefiname=%s\n",argv[0],pathimach,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
-  /*   strcpy(pathimach,argv[0]); */
+ /******************* Gnuplot file **************/
-   /* Split argv[1]=pathtot, parameter file name to get path, optionfile, extension and name */
+ void printinggnuplotmort(char fileres[], char optionfilefiname[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double fage , char pathc[], double p[]){
-   split(pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
-   printf("\npathtot=%s,\npath=%s,\noptionfile=%s \noptionfilext=%s \noptionfilefiname=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
+   char dirfileres[132],optfileres[132];
-   chdir(path); /* Can be a relative path */
+   int m,cpt,k1,i,k,j,jk,k2,k3,ij,l;
-   if(getcwd(pathcd,MAXLINE) > 0) /* So pathcd is the full path */
+   int ng;
-     printf("Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
-   strcpy(command,"mkdir ");
-   strcat(command,optionfilefiname);
+   /*#ifdef windows */
-   if((outcmd=system(command)) != 0){
+   fprintf(ficgp,"cd \"%s\" \n",pathc);
-     printf("Problem creating directory or it already exists %s%s, err=%d\n",path,optionfilefiname,outcmd);
+     /*#endif */
-     /* fprintf(ficlog,"Problem creating directory %s%s\n",path,optionfilefiname); */
-     /* fclose(ficlog); */
- /*     exit(1); */
+   strcpy(dirfileres,optionfilefiname);
-   }
+   strcpy(optfileres,"vpl");
- /*   if((imk=mkdir(optionfilefiname))<0){ */
+   fprintf(ficgp,"set out \"graphmort.png\"\n ");
- /*     perror("mkdir"); */
+   fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\"\n set ylabel \"Force of mortality (per year)\" \n ");
- /*   } */
+   fprintf(ficgp, "set ter png small\n set log y\n");
+   fprintf(ficgp, "set size 0.65,0.65\n");
-   /*-------- arguments in the command line --------*/
+   fprintf(ficgp,"plot [%d:100] %lf*exp(%lf*(x-%d))",agegomp,p[1],p[2],agegomp);
-   /* Log file */
+ }
-   strcat(filelog, optionfilefiname);
-   strcat(filelog,".log");    /* */
+ int readdata(char datafile[], int firstobs, int lastobs, int *imax)
-   if((ficlog=fopen(filelog,"w"))==NULL)    {
+ {
-     printf("Problem with logfile %s\n",filelog);
-     goto end;
+   /*-------- data file ----------*/
-   }
+   FILE *fic;
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Log filename:%s\n",filelog);
+   char dummy[]="                         ";
-   fprintf(ficlog,"\n%s\n%s",version,fullversion);
+   int i, j, n;
-   fprintf(ficlog,"\nEnter the parameter file name: \n");
+   int linei, month, year,iout;
-   fprintf(ficlog,"pathimach=%s\npathtot=%s\n\
+   char line[MAXLINE], linetmp[MAXLINE];
-  path=%s \n\
+   char stra[80], strb[80];
-  optionfile=%s\n\
+   char *stratrunc;
-  optionfilext=%s\n\
+   int lstra;
-  optionfilefiname=%s\n",pathimach,pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
-   printf("Local time (at start):%s",strstart);
+   if((fic=fopen(datafile,"r"))==NULL)    {
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Local time (at start): %s",strstart);
+     printf("Problem while opening datafile: %s\n", datafile);return 1;
-   fflush(ficlog);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem while opening datafile: %s\n", datafile);return 1;
- /*   (void) gettimeofday(&curr_time,&tzp); */
+   }
- /*   printf("Elapsed time %d\n", asc_diff_time(curr_time.tv_sec-start_time.tv_sec,tmpout)); */
+   i=1;
-   /* */
+   linei=0;
-   strcpy(fileres,"r");
+   while ((fgets(line, MAXLINE, fic) != NULL) &&((i >= firstobs) && (i <=lastobs))) {
-   strcat(fileres, optionfilefiname);
+     linei=linei+1;
-   strcat(fileres,".txt");    /* Other files have txt extension */
+     for(j=strlen(line); j>=0;j--){  /* Untabifies line */
+       if(line[j] == '\t')
-   /*---------arguments file --------*/
+         line[j] = ' ';
+     }
-   if((ficpar=fopen(optionfile,"r"))==NULL)    {
+     for(j=strlen(line)-1; (line[j]==' ')||(line[j]==10)||(line[j]==13);j--){
-     printf("Problem with optionfile %s\n",optionfile);
+       ;
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with optionfile %s\n",optionfile);
+     };
-     fflush(ficlog);
+     line[j+1]=0;  /* Trims blanks at end of line */
-     goto end;
+     if(line[0]=='#'){
-   }
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Comment line\n%s\n",line);
+       printf("Comment line\n%s\n",line);
+       continue;
+     }
-   strcpy(filereso,"o");
+     trimbb(linetmp,line); /* Trims multiple blanks in line */
-   strcat(filereso,fileres);
+     for (j=0; line[j]!='\0';j++){
-   if((ficparo=fopen(filereso,"w"))==NULL) { /* opened on subdirectory */
+       line[j]=linetmp[j];
-     printf("Problem with Output resultfile: %s\n", filereso);
+     }
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Output resultfile: %s\n", filereso);
-     fflush(ficlog);
-     goto end;
+     for (j=maxwav;j>=1;j--){
-   }
+       cutv(stra, strb, line, ' ');
+       if(strb[0]=='.') { /* Missing status */
-   /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
+         lval=-1;
-   numlinepar=0;
+       }else{
-   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+         errno=0;
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
+         lval=strtol(strb,&endptr,10);
-     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+       /*        if (errno == ERANGE && (lval == LONG_MAX || lval == LONG_MIN))*/
-     numlinepar++;
+         if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
-     puts(line);
+           printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a status of wave %d. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,j,maxwav);
-     fputs(line,ficparo);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a status of wave %d. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,j,maxwav);fflush(ficlog);
-     fputs(line,ficlog);
+           return 1;
-   }
+         }
-   ungetc(c,ficpar);
+       }
+       s[j][i]=lval;
-   fscanf(ficpar,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%lf stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d model=%s\n",title, datafile, &lastobs, &firstpass,&lastpass,&ftol, &stepm, &ncovcol, &nlstate,&ndeath, &maxwav, &mle, &weightopt,model);
-   numlinepar++;
+       strcpy(line,stra);
-   printf("title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate,ndeath, maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
+       cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
-   fprintf(ficparo,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol,nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
+       if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year) != 0){
-   fprintf(ficlog,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol,nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
+       }
-   fflush(ficlog);
+       else  if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.") != 0){
-   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+         month=99;
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
+         year=9999;
-     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+       }else{
-     numlinepar++;
+         printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of interview (mm/yyyy or .) at wave %d.  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i, line,j);
-     puts(line);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of interview (mm/yyyy or .) at wave %d.  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i, line,j);fflush(ficlog);
-     fputs(line,ficparo);
+         return 1;
-     fputs(line,ficlog);
+       }
-   }
+       anint[j][i]= (double) year;
-   ungetc(c,ficpar);
+       mint[j][i]= (double)month;
+       strcpy(line,stra);
+     } /* ENd Waves */
-   covar=matrix(0,NCOVMAX,1,n);
-   cptcovn=0; /*Number of covariates, i.e. number of '+' in model statement*/
+     cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
-   if (strlen(model)>1) cptcovn=nbocc(model,'+')+1;
+     if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year) != 0){
+     }
-   ncovmodel=2+cptcovn; /*Number of variables = cptcovn + intercept + age */
+     else  if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.",dummy) != 0){
-   nvar=ncovmodel-1; /* Suppressing age as a basic covariate */
+       month=99;
-   npar= (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel; /* Number of parameters*/
+       year=9999;
+     }else{
-   delti3= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
+       printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of death (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);
-   delti=delti3[1][1];
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of death (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);fflush(ficlog);
-   /*delti=vector(1,npar); *//* Scale of each paramater (output from hesscov)*/
+         return 1;
-   if(mle==-1){ /* Print a wizard for help writing covariance matrix */
+     }
-     prwizard(ncovmodel, nlstate, ndeath, model, ficparo);
+     andc[i]=(double) year;
-     printf(" You choose mle=-1, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
+     moisdc[i]=(double) month;
-     fprintf(ficlog," You choose mle=-1, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
+     strcpy(line,stra);
-     free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
-     fclose (ficparo);
+     cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
-     fclose (ficlog);
+     if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year) != 0){
-     goto end;
+     }
-     exit(0);
+     else  if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.") != 0){
-   }
+       month=99;
-   else if(mle==-3) {
+       year=9999;
-     prwizard(ncovmodel, nlstate, ndeath, model, ficparo);
+     }else{
-     printf(" You choose mle=-3, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
+       printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);
-     fprintf(ficlog," You choose mle=-3, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);fflush(ficlog);
-     param= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
+         return 1;
-     matcov=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
+     }
-   }
+     if (year==9999) {
-   else{
+       printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy) but at least the year of birth should be given.  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);
-     /* Read guess parameters */
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy) but at least the year of birth should be given. Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);fflush(ficlog);
-     /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
+         return 1;
-     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
-       ungetc(c,ficpar);
+     }
-       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+     annais[i]=(double)(year);
-       numlinepar++;
+     moisnais[i]=(double)(month);
-       puts(line);
+     strcpy(line,stra);
-       fputs(line,ficparo);
-       fputs(line,ficlog);
+     cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
-     }
+     errno=0;
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
+     dval=strtod(strb,&endptr);
+     if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
-     param= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
+       printf("Error reading data around '%f' at line number %d, \"%s\" for individual %d\nShould be a weight.  Exiting.\n",dval, i,line,linei);
-     for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%f' at line number %d, \"%s\" for individual %d\nShould be a weight.  Exiting.\n",dval, i,line,linei);
-       j=0;
+       fflush(ficlog);
-       for(jj=1; jj <=nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
+       return 1;
-         if(jj==i) continue;
+     }
-         j++;
+     weight[i]=dval;
-         fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);
+     strcpy(line,stra);
-         if ((i1 != i) && (j1 != j)){
-           printf("Error in line parameters number %d, %1d%1d instead of %1d%1d \n \
+     for (j=ncovcol;j>=1;j--){
- It might be a problem of design; if ncovcol and the model are correct\n \
+       cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
- run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct template of the parameter file.\n",numlinepar, i,j, i1, j1);
+       if(strb[0]=='.') { /* Missing status */
-           exit(1);
+         lval=-1;
-         }
+       }else{
-         fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
+         errno=0;
-         if(mle==1)
+         lval=strtol(strb,&endptr,10);
-           printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
+         if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
-         fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i,j);
+           printf("Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a covariate value (=0 for the reference or 1 for alternative).  Exiting.\n",lval, linei,i, line);
-         for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
+           fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a covariate value (=0 for the reference or 1 for alternative).  Exiting.\n",lval, linei,i, line);fflush(ficlog);
-           fscanf(ficpar," %lf",&param[i][j][k]);
+           return 1;
-           if(mle==1){
+         }
-             printf(" %lf",param[i][j][k]);
+       }
-             fprintf(ficlog," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
+       if(lval <-1 || lval >1){
-           }
+         printf("Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\n \
-           else
+  Should be a value of %d(nth) covariate (0 should be the value for the reference and 1\n \
-             fprintf(ficlog," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
+  for the alternative. IMaCh does not build design variables automatically, do it yourself.\n \
-           fprintf(ficparo," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
+  For example, for multinomial values like 1, 2 and 3,\n \
-         }
+  build V1=0 V2=0 for the reference value (1),\n \
-         fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
+         V1=1 V2=0 for (2) \n \
-         numlinepar++;
+  and V1=0 V2=1 for (3). V1=1 V2=1 should not exist and the corresponding\n \
-         if(mle==1)
+  output of IMaCh is often meaningless.\n \
-           printf("\n");
+  Exiting.\n",lval,linei, i,line,j);
-         fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\n \
-         fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
+  Should be a value of %d(nth) covariate (0 should be the value for the reference and 1\n \
-       }
+  for the alternative. IMaCh does not build design variables automatically, do it yourself.\n \
-     }
+  For example, for multinomial values like 1, 2 and 3,\n \
-     fflush(ficlog);
+  build V1=0 V2=0 for the reference value (1),\n \
+         V1=1 V2=0 for (2) \n \
-     p=param[1][1];
+  and V1=0 V2=1 for (3). V1=1 V2=1 should not exist and the corresponding\n \
+  output of IMaCh is often meaningless.\n \
-     /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
+  Exiting.\n",lval,linei, i,line,j);fflush(ficlog);
-     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+         return 1;
-       ungetc(c,ficpar);
+       }
-       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+       covar[j][i]=(double)(lval);
-       numlinepar++;
+       strcpy(line,stra);
-       puts(line);
+     }
-       fputs(line,ficparo);
+     lstra=strlen(stra);
-       fputs(line,ficlog);
-     }
+     if(lstra > 9){ /* More than 2**32 or max of what printf can write with %ld */
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
+       stratrunc = &(stra[lstra-9]);
+       num[i]=atol(stratrunc);
-     for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+     }
-       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath-1; j++){
+     else
-         fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);
+       num[i]=atol(stra);
-         if ((i1-i)*(j1-j)!=0){
+     /*if((s[2][i]==2) && (s[3][i]==-1)&&(s[4][i]==9)){
-           printf("Error in line parameters number %d, %1d%1d instead of %1d%1d \n",numlinepar, i,j, i1, j1);
+       printf("%ld %.lf %.lf %.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d\n",num[i],(covar[1][i]), (covar[2][i]),weight[i], (moisnais[i]), (annais[i]), (moisdc[i]), (andc[i]), (mint[1][i]), (anint[1][i]), (s[1][i]),  (mint[2][i]), (anint[2][i]), (s[2][i]),  (mint[3][i]), (anint[3][i]), (s[3][i]),  (mint[4][i]), (anint[4][i]), (s[4][i])); ij=ij+1;}*/
-           exit(1);
-         }
+     i=i+1;
-         printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
+   } /* End loop reading  data */
-         fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
-         fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
+   *imax=i-1; /* Number of individuals */
-         for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
+   fclose(fic);
-           fscanf(ficpar,"%le",&delti3[i][j][k]);
-           printf(" %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
+   return (0);
-           fprintf(ficparo," %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
+   endread:
-           fprintf(ficlog," %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
+     printf("Exiting readdata: ");
-         }
+     fclose(fic);
-         fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
+     return (1);
-         numlinepar++;
-         printf("\n");
-         fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
-         fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+ }
-       }
-     }
+ int decodemodel ( char model[], int lastobs)
-     fflush(ficlog);
+ {
+   int i, j, k;
-     delti=delti3[1][1];
+   int i1, j1, k1, k2;
+   char modelsav[80];
+    char stra[80], strb[80], strc[80], strd[80],stre[80];
-     /* free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel); */ /* Hasn't to to freed here otherwise delti is no more allocated */
+   if (strlen(model) >1){ /* If there is at least 1 covariate */
-     /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
+     j=0, j1=0, k1=1, k2=1;
-     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+     j=nbocc(model,'+'); /* j=Number of '+' */
-       ungetc(c,ficpar);
+     j1=nbocc(model,'*'); /* j1=Number of '*' */
-       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+     cptcovn=j+1; /* Number of covariates V1+V2*age+V3 =>(2 plus signs) + 1=3
-       numlinepar++;
+                   but the covariates which are product must be computed and stored. */
-       puts(line);
+     cptcovprod=j1; /*Number of products  V1*V2 +v3*age = 2 */
-       fputs(line,ficparo);
-       fputs(line,ficlog);
+     strcpy(modelsav,model);
-     }
+     if (strstr(model,"AGE") !=0){
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
+       printf("Error. AGE must be in lower case 'age' model=%s ",model);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Error. AGE must be in lower case model=%s ",model);fflush(ficlog);
-     matcov=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
+       return 1;
-     for(i=1; i <=npar; i++){
+     }
-       fscanf(ficpar,"%s",&str);
+     if (strstr(model,"v") !=0){
-       if(mle==1)
+       printf("Error. 'v' must be in upper case 'V' model=%s ",model);
-         printf("%s",str);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Error. 'v' must be in upper case model=%s ",model);fflush(ficlog);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"%s",str);
+       return 1;
-       fprintf(ficparo,"%s",str);
+     }
-       for(j=1; j <=i; j++){
-         fscanf(ficpar," %le",&matcov[i][j]);
+     /* This loop fills the array Tvar from the string 'model'.*/
-         if(mle==1){
+     /* j is the number of + signs in the model V1+V2+V3 j=2 i=3 to 1 */
-           printf(" %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
+     /*   modelsav=V2+V1+V4+age*V3 strb=age*V3 stra=V2+V1+V4  */
-         }
+     /*  k=4 (age*V3) Tvar[k=4]= 3 (from V3) Tage[cptcovage=1]=4 */
-         fprintf(ficlog," %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
+     /*  k=3 V4 Tvar[k=3]= 4 (from V4) */
-         fprintf(ficparo," %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
+     /*  k=2 V1 Tvar[k=2]= 1 (from V1) */
-       }
+     /*  k=1 Tvar[1]=2 (from V2) */
-       fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
+     /*  k=5 Tvar[5] */
-       numlinepar++;
+     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) { */
-       if(mle==1)
+     /*  cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]]; */
-         printf("\n");
+     /*  } */
-       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+     /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2]; */
-       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
+     for(k=cptcovn; k>=1;k--){
-     }
+       cutv(stra,strb,modelsav,'+'); /* keeps in strb after the first '+'
-     for(i=1; i <=npar; i++)
+                                      modelsav==V2+V1+V4+V3*age strb=V3*age stra=V2+V1+V4
-       for(j=i+1;j<=npar;j++)
+                                     */
-         matcov[i][j]=matcov[j][i];
+       if (nbocc(modelsav,'+')==0) strcpy(strb,modelsav); /* and analyzes it */
+       /*      printf("i=%d a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n",i, stra,strb,modelsav);*/
-     if(mle==1)
+       /*scanf("%d",i);*/
-       printf("\n");
+       if (strchr(strb,'*')) {  /* Model includes a product V2+V1+V4+V3*age strb=V3*age */
-     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+         cutv(strd,strc,strb,'*'); /* strd*strc  Vm*Vn: strb=V3*age strc=age strd=V3 ; V3*V2 strc=V2, strd=V3 */
+         if (strcmp(strc,"age")==0) { /* Vn*age */
-     fflush(ficlog);
+           cptcovprod--;
+           cutv(strb,stre,strd,'V'); /* stre="V3" */
-     /*-------- Rewriting parameter file ----------*/
+           Tvar[k]=atoi(stre);  /* V2+V1+V4+V3*age Tvar[4]=2 ; V1+V2*age Tvar[2]=2 */
-     strcpy(rfileres,"r");    /* "Rparameterfile */
+           cptcovage++; /* Sums the number of covariates which include age as a product */
-     strcat(rfileres,optionfilefiname);    /* Parameter file first name*/
+           Tage[cptcovage]=k;  /* Tage[1] = 4 */
-     strcat(rfileres,".");    /* */
+           /*printf("stre=%s ", stre);*/
-     strcat(rfileres,optionfilext);    /* Other files have txt extension */
+         } else if (strcmp(strd,"age")==0) { /* or age*Vn */
-     if((ficres =fopen(rfileres,"w"))==NULL) {
+           cptcovprod--;
-       printf("Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", fileres);goto end;
+           cutv(strb,stre,strc,'V');
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", fileres);goto end;
+           Tvar[k]=atoi(stre);
-     }
+           cptcovage++;
-     fprintf(ficres,"#%s\n",version);
+           Tage[cptcovage]=k;
-   }    /* End of mle != -3 */
+         } else {  /* Age is not in the model product V2+V1+V1*V4+V3*age+V3*V2  strb=V3*V2*/
+           /* loops on k1=1 (V3*V2) and k1=2 V4*V3 */
-   /*-------- data file ----------*/
+           cutv(strb,stre,strc,'V'); /* strc= Vn, stre is n; strb=V3*V2 stre=3 strc=*/
-   if((fic=fopen(datafile,"r"))==NULL)    {
+           Tvar[k]=ncovcol+k1;  /* For model-covariate k tells which data-covariate to use but
-     printf("Problem while opening datafile: %s\n", datafile);goto end;
+                                   because this model-covariate is a construction we invent a new column
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem while opening datafile: %s\n", datafile);goto end;
+                                   ncovcol + k1
-   }
+                                   If already ncovcol=4 and model=V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2
+                                   Tvar[3=V1*V4]=4+1 Tvar[5=V3*V2]=4 + 2= 6, etc */
-   n= lastobs;
+           cutv(strb,strc,strd,'V'); /* strd was Vm, strc is m */
-   severity = vector(1,maxwav);
+           Tprod[k1]=k;  /* Tprod[1]=3(=V1*V4) for V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2  */
-   outcome=imatrix(1,maxwav+1,1,n);
+           Tvard[k1][1]=atoi(strc); /* m 1 for V1*/
-   num=lvector(1,n);
+           Tvard[k1][2]=atoi(stre); /* n 4 for V4*/
-   moisnais=vector(1,n);
+           Tvar[cptcovn+k2]=Tvard[k1][1]; /* Tvar[(cptcovn=4+k2=1)=5]= 1 (V1) */
-   annais=vector(1,n);
+           Tvar[cptcovn+k2+1]=Tvard[k1][2];  /* Tvar[(cptcovn=4+(k2=1)+1)=6]= 4 (V4) */
-   moisdc=vector(1,n);
+           for (i=1; i<=lastobs;i++){
-   andc=vector(1,n);
+             /* Computes the new covariate which is a product of
-   agedc=vector(1,n);
+                covar[n][i]* covar[m][i] and stores it at ncovol+k1 */
-   cod=ivector(1,n);
+             covar[ncovcol+k1][i]=covar[atoi(stre)][i]*covar[atoi(strc)][i];
-   weight=vector(1,n);
+           }
-   for(i=1;i<=n;i++) weight[i]=1.0; /* Equal weights, 1 by default */
+           k1++;
-   mint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);
+           k2=k2+2;
-   anint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);
+         } /* End age is not in the model */
-   s=imatrix(1,maxwav+1,1,n);
+       } /* End if model includes a product */
-   tab=ivector(1,NCOVMAX);
+       else { /* no more sum */
-   ncodemax=ivector(1,8);
+         /*printf("d=%s c=%s b=%s\n", strd,strc,strb);*/
+        /*  scanf("%d",i);*/
-   i=1;
+         cutv(strd,strc,strb,'V');
-   linei=0;
+         Tvar[k]=atoi(strc);
-   while ((fgets(line, MAXLINE, fic) != NULL) &&((i >= firstobs) && (i <=lastobs))) {
+       }
-     linei=linei+1;
+       strcpy(modelsav,stra);  /* modelsav=V2+V1+V4 stra=V2+V1+V4 */
-     for(j=strlen(line); j>=0;j--){  /* Untabifies line */
+       /*printf("a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n", stra,strb,modelsav);
-       if(line[j] == '\t')
+         scanf("%d",i);*/
-         line[j] = ' ';
+     } /* end of loop + */
-     }
+   } /* end model */
-     for(j=strlen(line)-1; (line[j]==' ')||(line[j]==10)||(line[j]==13);j--){
-       ;
+   /*The number n of Vn is stored in Tvar. cptcovage =number of age covariate. Tage gives the position of age. cptcovprod= number of products.
-     };
+     If model=V1+V1*age then Tvar[1]=1 Tvar[2]=1 cptcovage=1 Tage[1]=2 cptcovprod=0*/
-     line[j+1]=0;  /* Trims blanks at end of line */
-     if(line[0]=='#'){
+   /* printf("tvar1=%d tvar2=%d tvar3=%d cptcovage=%d Tage=%d",Tvar[1],Tvar[2],Tvar[3],cptcovage,Tage[1]);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Comment line\n%s\n",line);
+   printf("cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
-       printf("Comment line\n%s\n",line);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
-       continue;
-     }
+   scanf("%d ",i);*/
-     for (j=maxwav;j>=1;j--){
-       cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
+   return (0); /* with covar[new additional covariate if product] and Tage if age */
-       errno=0;
+   endread:
-       lval=strtol(strb,&endptr,10);
+     printf("Exiting decodemodel: ");
-       /*        if (errno == ERANGE && (lval == LONG_MAX || lval == LONG_MIN))*/
+     return (1);
-       if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
+ }
-         printf("Error reading data around '%d' at line number %d %s for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a status of wave %d. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,j,maxwav);
-         exit(1);
+ calandcheckages(int imx, int maxwav, double *agemin, double *agemax, int *nberr, int *nbwarn )
-       }
+ {
-       s[j][i]=lval;
+   int i, m;
-       strcpy(line,stra);
+   for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
-       cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
+     for(m=2; (m<= maxwav); m++) {
-       if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year) != 0){
+       if (((int)mint[m][i]== 99) && (s[m][i] <= nlstate)){
-       }
+         anint[m][i]=9999;
-       else  if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.") != 0){
+         s[m][i]=-1;
-         month=99;
+       }
-         year=9999;
+       if((int)moisdc[i]==99 && (int)andc[i]==9999 && s[m][i]>nlstate){
-       }else{
+         *nberr++;
-         printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %ld %s for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of interview (mm/yyyy or .) at wave %d.  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i, line,j);
+         printf("Error! Date of death (month %2d and year %4d) of individual %ld on line %d was unknown, you must set an arbitrary year of death or he/she is skipped and results are biased\n",(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],num[i],i);
-         exit(1);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Date of death (month %2d and year %4d) of individual %ld on line %d was unknown, you must set an arbitrary year of death or he/she is skipped and results are biased\n",(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],num[i],i);
-       }
+         s[m][i]=-1;
-       anint[j][i]= (double) year;
+       }
-       mint[j][i]= (double)month;
+       if((int)moisdc[i]==99 && (int)andc[i]!=9999 && s[m][i]>nlstate){
-       strcpy(line,stra);
+         *nberr++;
-     } /* ENd Waves */
+         printf("Error! Month of death of individual %ld on line %d was unknown %2d, you should set it otherwise the information on the death is skipped and results are biased.\n",num[i],i,(int)moisdc[i]);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Month of death of individual %ld on line %d was unknown %f, you should set it otherwise the information on the death is skipped and results are biased.\n",num[i],i,moisdc[i]);
-     cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
+         s[m][i]=-1; /* We prefer to skip it (and to skip it in version 0.8a1 too */
-     if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year) != 0){
+       }
      }
-     else  if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.",dummy) != 0){
+   }
-       month=99;
-       year=9999;
+   for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {
-     }else{
+     agedc[i]=(moisdc[i]/12.+andc[i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+annais[i]);
-       printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %ld %s for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of death (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);
+     for(m=firstpass; (m<= lastpass); m++){
-       exit(1);
+       if(s[m][i] >0 || s[m][i]==-2 || s[m][i]==-4 || s[m][i]==-5){
-     }
+         if (s[m][i] >= nlstate+1) {
-     andc[i]=(double) year;
+           if(agedc[i]>0)
-     moisdc[i]=(double) month;
+             if((int)moisdc[i]!=99 && (int)andc[i]!=9999)
-     strcpy(line,stra);
+               agev[m][i]=agedc[i];
+           /*if(moisdc[i]==99 && andc[i]==9999) s[m][i]=-1;*/
-     cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
+             else {
-     if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year) != 0){
+               if ((int)andc[i]!=9999){
-     }
+                 nbwarn++;
-     else  if(iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.") != 0){
+                 printf("Warning negative age at death: %ld line:%d\n",num[i],i);
-       month=99;
+                 fprintf(ficlog,"Warning negative age at death: %ld line:%d\n",num[i],i);
-       year=9999;
+                 agev[m][i]=-1;
-     }else{
+               }
-       printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %ld %s for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line,j);
+             }
-       exit(1);
+         }
-     }
+         else if(s[m][i] !=9){ /* Standard case, age in fractional
-     annais[i]=(double)(year);
+                                  years but with the precision of a month */
-     moisnais[i]=(double)(month);
+           agev[m][i]=(mint[m][i]/12.+1./24.+anint[m][i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+1./24.+annais[i]);
-     strcpy(line,stra);
+           if((int)mint[m][i]==99 || (int)anint[m][i]==9999)
+             agev[m][i]=1;
-     cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
+           else if(agev[m][i] < *agemin){
-     errno=0;
+             *agemin=agev[m][i];
-     dval=strtod(strb,&endptr);
+             printf(" Min anint[%d][%d]=%.2f annais[%d]=%.2f, agemin=%.2f\n",m,i,anint[m][i], i,annais[i], *agemin);
-     if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
+           }
-       printf("Error reading data around '%f' at line number %ld, \"%s\" for individual %d\nShould be a weight.  Exiting.\n",dval, i,line,linei);
+           else if(agev[m][i] >*agemax){
-       exit(1);
+             *agemax=agev[m][i];
-     }
+             printf(" Max anint[%d][%d]=%.0f annais[%d]=%.0f, agemax=%.2f\n",m,i,anint[m][i], i,annais[i], *agemax);
-     weight[i]=dval;
+           }
-     strcpy(line,stra);
+           /*agev[m][i]=anint[m][i]-annais[i];*/
+           /*     agev[m][i] = age[i]+2*m;*/
-     for (j=ncovcol;j>=1;j--){
+         }
-       cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
+         else { /* =9 */
-       errno=0;
+           agev[m][i]=1;
-       lval=strtol(strb,&endptr,10);
+           s[m][i]=-1;
-       if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
+         }
-         printf("Error reading data around '%d' at line number %ld %s for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a covar (meaning 0 for the reference or 1).  Exiting.\n",lval, linei,i, line);
+       }
-         exit(1);
+       else /*= 0 Unknown */
-       }
+         agev[m][i]=1;
-       if(lval <-1 || lval >1){
+     }
-         printf("Error reading data around '%d' at line number %ld for individual %d, '%s'\n \
-  Should be a value of %d(nth) covariate (0 should be the value for the reference and 1\n \
+   }
-  for the alternative. IMaCh does not build design variables automatically, do it yourself.\n \
+   for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {
-  For example, for multinomial values like 1, 2 and 3,\n \
+     for(m=firstpass; (m<=lastpass); m++){
-  build V1=0 V2=0 for the reference value (1),\n \
+       if (s[m][i] > (nlstate+ndeath)) {
-         V1=1 V2=0 for (2) \n \
+         *nberr++;
-  and V1=0 V2=1 for (3). V1=1 V2=1 should not exist and the corresponding\n \
+         printf("Error: on wave %d of individual %d status %d > (nlstate+ndeath)=(%d+%d)=%d\n",m,i,s[m][i],nlstate, ndeath, nlstate+ndeath);
-  output of IMaCh is often meaningless.\n \
+         fprintf(ficlog,"Error: on wave %d of individual %d status %d > (nlstate+ndeath)=(%d+%d)=%d\n",m,i,s[m][i],nlstate, ndeath, nlstate+ndeath);
-  Exiting.\n",lval,linei, i,line,j);
+         return 1;
-         exit(1);
+       }
-       }
+     }
-       covar[j][i]=(double)(lval);
+   }
-       strcpy(line,stra);
-     }
+   /*for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){
-     lstra=strlen(stra);
+   for (m=firstpass; (m<lastpass); m++){
+      printf("%ld %d %.lf %d %d\n", num[i],(covar[1][i]),agev[m][i],s[m][i],s[m+1][i]);
-     if(lstra > 9){ /* More than 2**32 or max of what printf can write with %ld */
+ }
-       stratrunc = &(stra[lstra-9]);
-       num[i]=atol(stratrunc);
+ }*/
-     }
-     else
-       num[i]=atol(stra);
+   printf("Total number of individuals= %d, Agemin = %.2f, Agemax= %.2f\n\n", imx, *agemin, *agemax);
-     /*if((s[2][i]==2) && (s[3][i]==-1)&&(s[4][i]==9)){
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Total number of individuals= %d, Agemin = %.2f, Agemax= %.2f\n\n", imx, *agemin, *agemax);
-       printf("%ld %.lf %.lf %.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d\n",num[i],(covar[1][i]), (covar[2][i]),weight[i], (moisnais[i]), (annais[i]), (moisdc[i]), (andc[i]), (mint[1][i]), (anint[1][i]), (s[1][i]),  (mint[2][i]), (anint[2][i]), (s[2][i]),  (mint[3][i]), (anint[3][i]), (s[3][i]),  (mint[4][i]), (anint[4][i]), (s[4][i])); ij=ij+1;}*/
+   return (0);
-     i=i+1;
+   endread:
-   } /* End loop reading  data */
+     printf("Exiting calandcheckages: ");
-   fclose(fic);
+     return (1);
-   /* printf("ii=%d", ij);
+ }
-      scanf("%d",i);*/
-   imx=i-1; /* Number of individuals */
+ /***********************************************/
-   /* for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){
+ /**************** Main Program *****************/
-     if ((s[1][i]==3) && (s[2][i]==2)) s[2][i]=3;
+ /***********************************************/
-     if ((s[2][i]==3) && (s[3][i]==2)) s[3][i]=3;
-     if ((s[3][i]==3) && (s[4][i]==2)) s[4][i]=3;
+ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
-     }*/
+ {
-    /*  for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){
+ #ifdef GSL
-      if (s[4][i]==9)  s[4][i]=-1;
+   const gsl_multimin_fminimizer_type *T;
-      printf("%ld %.lf %.lf %.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d\n",num[i],(covar[1][i]), (covar[2][i]), (weight[i]), (moisnais[i]), (annais[i]), (moisdc[i]), (andc[i]), (mint[1][i]), (anint[1][i]), (s[1][i]),  (mint[2][i]), (anint[2][i]), (s[2][i]),  (mint[3][i]), (anint[3][i]), (s[3][i]),  (mint[4][i]), (anint[4][i]), (s[4][i]));}*/
+   size_t iteri = 0, it;
+   int rval = GSL_CONTINUE;
-   /* for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) */
+   int status = GSL_SUCCESS;
+   double ssval;
-    /*if ((s[3][i]==3) ||  (s[4][i]==3)) weight[i]=0.08;
+ #endif
-      else weight[i]=1;*/
+   int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav);
+   int i,j, k, n=MAXN,iter,m,size=100,cptcode, cptcod;
-   /* Calculation of the number of parameters from char model */
+   int linei, month, year,iout;
-   Tvar=ivector(1,15); /* stores the number n of the covariates in Vm+Vn at 1 and m at 2 */
+   int jj, ll, li, lj, lk, imk;
-   Tprod=ivector(1,15);
+   int numlinepar=0; /* Current linenumber of parameter file */
-   Tvaraff=ivector(1,15);
+   int itimes;
-   Tvard=imatrix(1,15,1,2);
+   int NDIM=2;
-   Tage=ivector(1,15);
+   int vpopbased=0;
-   if (strlen(model) >1){ /* If there is at least 1 covariate */
+   char ca[32], cb[32], cc[32];
-     j=0, j1=0, k1=1, k2=1;
+   /*  FILE *fichtm; *//* Html File */
-     j=nbocc(model,'+'); /* j=Number of '+' */
+   /* FILE *ficgp;*/ /*Gnuplot File */
-     j1=nbocc(model,'*'); /* j1=Number of '*' */
+   struct stat info;
-     cptcovn=j+1;
+   double agedeb, agefin,hf;
-     cptcovprod=j1; /*Number of products */
+   double ageminpar=1.e20,agemin=1.e20, agemaxpar=-1.e20, agemax=-1.e20;
-     strcpy(modelsav,model);
+   double fret;
-     if ((strcmp(model,"age")==0) || (strcmp(model,"age*age")==0)){
+   double **xi,tmp,delta;
-       printf("Error. Non available option model=%s ",model);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Error. Non available option model=%s ",model);
+   double dum; /* Dummy variable */
-       goto end;
+   double ***p3mat;
-     }
+   double ***mobaverage;
+   int *indx;
-     /* This loop fills the array Tvar from the string 'model'.*/
+   char line[MAXLINE], linepar[MAXLINE];
+   char path[MAXLINE],pathc[MAXLINE],pathcd[MAXLINE],pathtot[MAXLINE],model[MAXLINE];
-     for(i=(j+1); i>=1;i--){
+   char pathr[MAXLINE], pathimach[MAXLINE];
-       cutv(stra,strb,modelsav,'+'); /* keeps in strb after the last + */
+   char **bp, *tok, *val; /* pathtot */
-       if (nbocc(modelsav,'+')==0) strcpy(strb,modelsav); /* and analyzes it */
+   int firstobs=1, lastobs=10;
-       /*      printf("i=%d a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n",i, stra,strb,modelsav);*/
+   int sdeb, sfin; /* Status at beginning and end */
-       /*scanf("%d",i);*/
+   int c,  h , cpt,l;
-       if (strchr(strb,'*')) {  /* Model includes a product */
+   int ju,jl, mi;
-         cutv(strd,strc,strb,'*'); /* strd*strc  Vm*Vn (if not *age)*/
+   int i1,j1, jk,aa,bb, stepsize, ij;
-         if (strcmp(strc,"age")==0) { /* Vn*age */
+   int jnais,jdc,jint4,jint1,jint2,jint3,*tab;
-           cptcovprod--;
+   int mobilavproj=0 , prevfcast=0 ; /* moving average of prev, If prevfcast=1 prevalence projection */
-           cutv(strb,stre,strd,'V');
+   int mobilav=0,popforecast=0;
-           Tvar[i]=atoi(stre); /* computes n in Vn and stores in Tvar*/
+   int hstepm, nhstepm;
-           cptcovage++;
+   int agemortsup;
-             Tage[cptcovage]=i;
+   float  sumlpop=0.;
-             /*printf("stre=%s ", stre);*/
+   double jprev1=1, mprev1=1,anprev1=2000,jprev2=1, mprev2=1,anprev2=2000;
-         }
+   double jpyram=1, mpyram=1,anpyram=2000,jpyram1=1, mpyram1=1,anpyram1=2000;
-         else if (strcmp(strd,"age")==0) { /* or age*Vn */
-           cptcovprod--;
+   double bage, fage, age, agelim, agebase;
-           cutv(strb,stre,strc,'V');
+   double ftolpl=FTOL;
-           Tvar[i]=atoi(stre);
+   double **prlim;
-           cptcovage++;
+   double ***param; /* Matrix of parameters */
-           Tage[cptcovage]=i;
+   double  *p;
-         }
+   double **matcov; /* Matrix of covariance */
-         else {  /* Age is not in the model */
+   double ***delti3; /* Scale */
-           cutv(strb,stre,strc,'V'); /* strc= Vn, stre is n*/
+   double *delti; /* Scale */
-           Tvar[i]=ncovcol+k1;
+   double ***eij, ***vareij;
-           cutv(strb,strc,strd,'V'); /* strd was Vm, strc is m */
+   double **varpl; /* Variances of prevalence limits by age */
-           Tprod[k1]=i;
+   double *epj, vepp;
-           Tvard[k1][1]=atoi(strc); /* m*/
+   double kk1, kk2;
-           Tvard[k1][2]=atoi(stre); /* n */
+   double dateprev1, dateprev2,jproj1=1,mproj1=1,anproj1=2000,jproj2=1,mproj2=1,anproj2=2000;
-           Tvar[cptcovn+k2]=Tvard[k1][1];
+   double **ximort;
-           Tvar[cptcovn+k2+1]=Tvard[k1][2];
+   char *alph[]={"a","a","b","c","d","e"}, str[4];
-           for (k=1; k<=lastobs;k++)
+   int *dcwave;
-             covar[ncovcol+k1][k]=covar[atoi(stre)][k]*covar[atoi(strc)][k];
-           k1++;
+   char z[1]="c", occ;
-           k2=k2+2;
-         }
+   /*char  *strt;*/
-       }
+   char strtend[80];
-       else { /* no more sum */
-         /*printf("d=%s c=%s b=%s\n", strd,strc,strb);*/
+   long total_usecs;
-        /*  scanf("%d",i);*/
-       cutv(strd,strc,strb,'V');
+ /*   setlocale (LC_ALL, ""); */
-       Tvar[i]=atoi(strc);
+ /*   bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR); */
-       }
+ /*   textdomain (PACKAGE); */
-       strcpy(modelsav,stra);
+ /*   setlocale (LC_CTYPE, ""); */
-       /*printf("a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n", stra,strb,modelsav);
+ /*   setlocale (LC_MESSAGES, ""); */
-         scanf("%d",i);*/
-     } /* end of loop + */
+   /*   gettimeofday(&start_time, (struct timezone*)0); */ /* at first time */
-   } /* end model */
+   (void) gettimeofday(&start_time,&tzp);
+   curr_time=start_time;
-   /*The number n of Vn is stored in Tvar. cptcovage =number of age covariate. Tage gives the position of age. cptcovprod= number of products.
+   tm = *localtime(&start_time.tv_sec);
-     If model=V1+V1*age then Tvar[1]=1 Tvar[2]=1 cptcovage=1 Tage[1]=2 cptcovprod=0*/
+   tmg = *gmtime(&start_time.tv_sec);
+   strcpy(strstart,asctime(&tm));
-   /* printf("tvar1=%d tvar2=%d tvar3=%d cptcovage=%d Tage=%d",Tvar[1],Tvar[2],Tvar[3],cptcovage,Tage[1]);
-   printf("cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
+ /*  printf("Localtime (at start)=%s",strstart); */
-   fprintf(ficlog,"cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
+ /*  tp.tv_sec = tp.tv_sec +86400; */
+ /*  tm = *localtime(&start_time.tv_sec); */
-   scanf("%d ",i);*/
+ /*   tmg.tm_year=tmg.tm_year +dsign*dyear; */
+ /*   tmg.tm_mon=tmg.tm_mon +dsign*dmonth; */
-     /*  if(mle==1){*/
+ /*   tmg.tm_hour=tmg.tm_hour + 1; */
-   if (weightopt != 1) { /* Maximisation without weights*/
+ /*   tp.tv_sec = mktime(&tmg); */
-     for(i=1;i<=n;i++) weight[i]=1.0;
+ /*   strt=asctime(&tmg); */
-   }
+ /*   printf("Time(after) =%s",strstart);  */
-     /*-calculation of age at interview from date of interview and age at death -*/
+ /*  (void) time (&time_value);
-   agev=matrix(1,maxwav,1,imx);
+ *  printf("time=%d,t-=%d\n",time_value,time_value-86400);
+ *  tm = *localtime(&time_value);
-   for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
+ *  strstart=asctime(&tm);
-     for(m=2; (m<= maxwav); m++) {
+ *  printf("tim_value=%d,asctime=%s\n",time_value,strstart);
-       if (((int)mint[m][i]== 99) && (s[m][i] <= nlstate)){
+ */
-         anint[m][i]=9999;
-         s[m][i]=-1;
+   nberr=0; /* Number of errors and warnings */
-       }
+   nbwarn=0;
-       if((int)moisdc[i]==99 && (int)andc[i]==9999 && s[m][i]>nlstate){
+   getcwd(pathcd, size);
-         nberr++;
-         printf("Error! Date of death (month %2d and year %4d) of individual %ld on line %d was unknown, you must set an arbitrary year of death or he/she is skipped and results are biased\n",(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],num[i],i);
+   printf("\n%s\n%s",version,fullversion);
-         fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Date of death (month %2d and year %4d) of individual %ld on line %d was unknown, you must set an arbitrary year of death or he/she is skipped and results are biased\n",(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],num[i],i);
+   if(argc <=1){
-         s[m][i]=-1;
+     printf("\nEnter the parameter file name: ");
-       }
+     fgets(pathr,FILENAMELENGTH,stdin);
-       if((int)moisdc[i]==99 && (int)andc[i]!=9999 && s[m][i]>nlstate){
+     i=strlen(pathr);
-         nberr++;
+     if(pathr[i-1]=='\n')
-         printf("Error! Month of death of individual %ld on line %d was unknown %2d, you should set it otherwise the information on the death is skipped and results are biased.\n",num[i],i,(int)moisdc[i]);
+       pathr[i-1]='\0';
-         fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Month of death of individual %ld on line %d was unknown %f, you should set it otherwise the information on the death is skipped and results are biased.\n",num[i],i,moisdc[i]);
+    for (tok = pathr; tok != NULL; ){
-         s[m][i]=-1; /* We prefer to skip it (and to skip it in version 0.8a1 too */
+       printf("Pathr |%s|\n",pathr);
-       }
+       while ((val = strsep(&tok, "\"" )) != NULL && *val == '\0');
-     }
+       printf("val= |%s| pathr=%s\n",val,pathr);
-   }
+       strcpy (pathtot, val);
+       if(pathr[0] == '\0') break; /* Dirty */
-   for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {
+     }
-     agedc[i]=(moisdc[i]/12.+andc[i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+annais[i]);
+   }
-     for(m=firstpass; (m<= lastpass); m++){
+   else{
-       if(s[m][i] >0 || s[m][i]==-2 || s[m][i]==-4 || s[m][i]==-5){
+     strcpy(pathtot,argv[1]);
-         if (s[m][i] >= nlstate+1) {
+   }
-           if(agedc[i]>0)
+   /*if(getcwd(pathcd, MAXLINE)!= NULL)printf ("Error pathcd\n");*/
-             if((int)moisdc[i]!=99 && (int)andc[i]!=9999)
+   /*cygwin_split_path(pathtot,path,optionfile);
-               agev[m][i]=agedc[i];
+     printf("pathtot=%s, path=%s, optionfile=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile);*/
-           /*if(moisdc[i]==99 && andc[i]==9999) s[m][i]=-1;*/
+   /* cutv(path,optionfile,pathtot,'\\');*/
-             else {
-               if ((int)andc[i]!=9999){
+   /* Split argv[0], imach program to get pathimach */
-                 nbwarn++;
+   printf("\nargv[0]=%s argv[1]=%s, \n",argv[0],argv[1]);
-                 printf("Warning negative age at death: %ld line:%d\n",num[i],i);
+   split(argv[0],pathimach,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
-                 fprintf(ficlog,"Warning negative age at death: %ld line:%d\n",num[i],i);
+   printf("\nargv[0]=%s pathimach=%s, \noptionfile=%s \noptionfilext=%s \noptionfilefiname=%s\n",argv[0],pathimach,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
-                 agev[m][i]=-1;
+  /*   strcpy(pathimach,argv[0]); */
-               }
+   /* Split argv[1]=pathtot, parameter file name to get path, optionfile, extension and name */
-             }
+   split(pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
-         }
+   printf("\npathtot=%s,\npath=%s,\noptionfile=%s \noptionfilext=%s \noptionfilefiname=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
-         else if(s[m][i] !=9){ /* Standard case, age in fractional
+   chdir(path); /* Can be a relative path */
-                                  years but with the precision of a month */
+   if(getcwd(pathcd,MAXLINE) > 0) /* So pathcd is the full path */
-           agev[m][i]=(mint[m][i]/12.+1./24.+anint[m][i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+1./24.+annais[i]);
+     printf("Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
-           if((int)mint[m][i]==99 || (int)anint[m][i]==9999)
+   strcpy(command,"mkdir ");
-             agev[m][i]=1;
+   strcat(command,optionfilefiname);
-           else if(agev[m][i] <agemin){
+   if((outcmd=system(command)) != 0){
-             agemin=agev[m][i];
+     printf("Problem creating directory or it already exists %s%s, err=%d\n",path,optionfilefiname,outcmd);
-             /*printf(" Min anint[%d][%d]=%.2f annais[%d]=%.2f, agemin=%.2f\n",m,i,anint[m][i], i,annais[i], agemin);*/
+     /* fprintf(ficlog,"Problem creating directory %s%s\n",path,optionfilefiname); */
-           }
+     /* fclose(ficlog); */
-           else if(agev[m][i] >agemax){
+ /*     exit(1); */
-             agemax=agev[m][i];
+   }
-             /* printf(" anint[%d][%d]=%.0f annais[%d]=%.0f, agemax=%.0f\n",m,i,anint[m][i], i,annais[i], agemax);*/
+ /*   if((imk=mkdir(optionfilefiname))<0){ */
-           }
+ /*     perror("mkdir"); */
-           /*agev[m][i]=anint[m][i]-annais[i];*/
+ /*   } */
-           /*     agev[m][i] = age[i]+2*m;*/
-         }
+   /*-------- arguments in the command line --------*/
-         else { /* =9 */
-           agev[m][i]=1;
+   /* Log file */
-           s[m][i]=-1;
+   strcat(filelog, optionfilefiname);
-         }
+   strcat(filelog,".log");    /* */
-       }
+   if((ficlog=fopen(filelog,"w"))==NULL)    {
-       else /*= 0 Unknown */
+     printf("Problem with logfile %s\n",filelog);
-         agev[m][i]=1;
+     goto end;
-     }
+   }
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Log filename:%s\n",filelog);
-   }
+   fprintf(ficlog,"\n%s\n%s",version,fullversion);
-   for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {
+   fprintf(ficlog,"\nEnter the parameter file name: \n");
-     for(m=firstpass; (m<=lastpass); m++){
+   fprintf(ficlog,"pathimach=%s\npathtot=%s\n\
-       if (s[m][i] > (nlstate+ndeath)) {
+  path=%s \n\
-         nberr++;
+  optionfile=%s\n\
-         printf("Error: on wave %d of individual %d status %d > (nlstate+ndeath)=(%d+%d)=%d\n",m,i,s[m][i],nlstate, ndeath, nlstate+ndeath);
+  optionfilext=%s\n\
-         fprintf(ficlog,"Error: on wave %d of individual %d status %d > (nlstate+ndeath)=(%d+%d)=%d\n",m,i,s[m][i],nlstate, ndeath, nlstate+ndeath);
+  optionfilefiname=%s\n",pathimach,pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
-         goto end;
-       }
+   printf("Local time (at start):%s",strstart);
-     }
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Local time (at start): %s",strstart);
-   }
+   fflush(ficlog);
+ /*   (void) gettimeofday(&curr_time,&tzp); */
-   /*for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){
+ /*   printf("Elapsed time %d\n", asc_diff_time(curr_time.tv_sec-start_time.tv_sec,tmpout)); */
-   for (m=firstpass; (m<lastpass); m++){
-      printf("%ld %d %.lf %d %d\n", num[i],(covar[1][i]),agev[m][i],s[m][i],s[m+1][i]);
+   /* */
- }
+   strcpy(fileres,"r");
+   strcat(fileres, optionfilefiname);
- }*/
+   strcat(fileres,".txt");    /* Other files have txt extension */
+   /*---------arguments file --------*/
-   printf("Total number of individuals= %d, Agemin = %.2f, Agemax= %.2f\n\n", imx, agemin, agemax);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Total number of individuals= %d, Agemin = %.2f, Agemax= %.2f\n\n", imx, agemin, agemax);
+   if((ficpar=fopen(optionfile,"r"))==NULL)    {
+     printf("Problem with optionfile %s\n",optionfile);
-   agegomp=(int)agemin;
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with optionfile %s\n",optionfile);
-   free_vector(severity,1,maxwav);
+     fflush(ficlog);
-   free_imatrix(outcome,1,maxwav+1,1,n);
+     goto end;
-   free_vector(moisnais,1,n);
+   }
-   free_vector(annais,1,n);
-   /* free_matrix(mint,1,maxwav,1,n);
-      free_matrix(anint,1,maxwav,1,n);*/
-   free_vector(moisdc,1,n);
+   strcpy(filereso,"o");
-   free_vector(andc,1,n);
+   strcat(filereso,fileres);
+   if((ficparo=fopen(filereso,"w"))==NULL) { /* opened on subdirectory */
+     printf("Problem with Output resultfile: %s\n", filereso);
-   wav=ivector(1,imx);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Output resultfile: %s\n", filereso);
-   dh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
+     fflush(ficlog);
-   bh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
+     goto end;
-   mw=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
+   }
-   /* Concatenates waves */
+   /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
-   concatwav(wav, dh, bh, mw, s, agedc, agev,  firstpass, lastpass, imx, nlstate, stepm);
+   numlinepar=0;
+   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
-   /* Routine tricode is to calculate cptcoveff (real number of unique covariates) and to associate covariable number and modality */
+     ungetc(c,ficpar);
+     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
-   Tcode=ivector(1,100);
+     numlinepar++;
-   nbcode=imatrix(0,NCOVMAX,0,NCOVMAX);
+     fputs(line,stdout);
-   ncodemax[1]=1;
+     fputs(line,ficparo);
-   if (cptcovn > 0) tricode(Tvar,nbcode,imx);
+     fputs(line,ficlog);
+   }
-   codtab=imatrix(1,100,1,10); /* Cross tabulation to get the order of
+   ungetc(c,ficpar);
-                                  the estimations*/
-   h=0;
+   fscanf(ficpar,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%lf stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d model=%s\n",title, datafile, &lastobs, &firstpass,&lastpass,&ftol, &stepm, &ncovcol, &nlstate,&ndeath, &maxwav, &mle, &weightopt,model);
-   m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
+   numlinepar++;
+   printf("title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate,ndeath, maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
-   for(k=1;k<=cptcoveff; k++){
+   fprintf(ficparo,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol,nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
-     for(i=1; i <=(m/pow(2,k));i++){
+   fprintf(ficlog,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol,nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
-       for(j=1; j <= ncodemax[k]; j++){
+   fflush(ficlog);
-         for(cpt=1; cpt <=(m/pow(2,cptcoveff+1-k)); cpt++){
+   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
-           h++;
+     ungetc(c,ficpar);
-           if (h>m) h=1;codtab[h][k]=j;codtab[h][Tvar[k]]=j;
+     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
-           /*  printf("h=%d k=%d j=%d codtab[h][k]=%d tvar[k]=%d \n",h, k,j,codtab[h][k],Tvar[k]);*/
+     numlinepar++;
-         }
+     fputs(line, stdout);
-       }
+     //puts(line);
-     }
+     fputs(line,ficparo);
-   }
+     fputs(line,ficlog);
-   /* printf("codtab[1][2]=%d codtab[2][2]=%d",codtab[1][2],codtab[2][2]);
+   }
-      codtab[1][2]=1;codtab[2][2]=2; */
+   ungetc(c,ficpar);
-   /* for(i=1; i <=m ;i++){
-      for(k=1; k <=cptcovn; k++){
-      printf("i=%d k=%d %d %d ",i,k,codtab[i][k], cptcoveff);
+   covar=matrix(0,NCOVMAX,1,n);
-      }
+   cptcovn=0; /*Number of covariates, i.e. number of '+' in model statement plus one, indepently of n in Vn*/
-      printf("\n");
+   /* v1+v2+v3+v2*v4+v5*age makes cptcovn = 5
-      }
+      v1+v2*age+v2*v3 makes cptcovn = 3
-      scanf("%d",i);*/
+   */
+   if (strlen(model)>1)
-   /*------------ gnuplot -------------*/
+     cptcovn=nbocc(model,'+')+1;
-   strcpy(optionfilegnuplot,optionfilefiname);
+   /* ncovprod */
-   if(mle==-3)
+   ncovmodel=2+cptcovn; /*Number of variables including intercept and age = cptcovn + intercept + age : v1+v2+v3+v2*v4+v5*age makes 5+2=7*/
-     strcat(optionfilegnuplot,"-mort");
+   nvar=ncovmodel-1; /* Suppressing age as a basic covariate */
-   strcat(optionfilegnuplot,".gp");
+   nforce= (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate; /* Number of forces ij from state i to j */
+   npar= nforce*ncovmodel; /* Number of parameters like aij*/
-   if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"w"))==NULL) {
+   if(npar >MAXPARM || nlstate >NLSTATEMAX || ndeath >NDEATHMAX || ncovmodel>NCOVMAX){
-     printf("Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot);
+     printf("Too complex model for current IMaCh: npar=(nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel=%d >= %d(MAXPARM) or nlstate=%d >= %d(NLSTATEMAX) or ndeath=%d >= %d(NDEATHMAX) or ncovmodel=(k+age+#of+signs)=%d(NCOVMAX) >= %d\n",npar, MAXPARM, nlstate, NLSTATEMAX, ndeath, NDEATHMAX, ncovmodel, NCOVMAX);
-   }
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Too complex model for current IMaCh: %d >=%d(MAXPARM) or %d >=%d(NLSTATEMAX) or %d >=%d(NDEATHMAX) or %d(NCOVMAX) >=%d\n",npar, MAXPARM, nlstate, NLSTATEMAX, ndeath, NDEATHMAX, ncovmodel, NCOVMAX);
-   else{
+     fflush(stdout);
-     fprintf(ficgp,"\n# %s\n", version);
+     fclose (ficlog);
-     fprintf(ficgp,"# %s\n", optionfilegnuplot);
+     goto end;
-     fprintf(ficgp,"set missing 'NaNq'\n");
+   }
-   }
+   delti3= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
-   /*  fclose(ficgp);*/
+   delti=delti3[1][1];
-   /*--------- index.htm --------*/
+   /*delti=vector(1,npar); *//* Scale of each paramater (output from hesscov)*/
+   if(mle==-1){ /* Print a wizard for help writing covariance matrix */
-   strcpy(optionfilehtm,optionfilefiname); /* Main html file */
+     prwizard(ncovmodel, nlstate, ndeath, model, ficparo);
-   if(mle==-3)
+     printf(" You choose mle=-1, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
-     strcat(optionfilehtm,"-mort");
+     fprintf(ficlog," You choose mle=-1, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
-   strcat(optionfilehtm,".htm");
+     free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
-   if((fichtm=fopen(optionfilehtm,"w"))==NULL)    {
+     fclose (ficparo);
-     printf("Problem with %s \n",optionfilehtm), exit(0);
+     fclose (ficlog);
-   }
+     goto end;
+     exit(0);
-   strcpy(optionfilehtmcov,optionfilefiname); /* Only for matrix of covariance */
+   }
-   strcat(optionfilehtmcov,"-cov.htm");
+   else if(mle==-3) {
-   if((fichtmcov=fopen(optionfilehtmcov,"w"))==NULL)    {
+     prwizard(ncovmodel, nlstate, ndeath, model, ficparo);
-     printf("Problem with %s \n",optionfilehtmcov), exit(0);
+     printf(" You choose mle=-3, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
-   }
+     fprintf(ficlog," You choose mle=-3, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
-   else{
+     param= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
-   fprintf(fichtmcov,"<html><head>\n<title>IMaCh Cov %s</title></head>\n <body><font size=\"2\">%s <br> %s</font> \
+     matcov=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
- <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n\
+   }
- Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=%s<br>\n",\
+   else{
-           optionfilehtmcov,version,fullversion,title,datafile,firstpass,lastpass,stepm, weightopt, model);
+     /* Read guess parameters */
-   }
+     /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
+     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
-   fprintf(fichtm,"<html><head>\n<title>IMaCh %s</title></head>\n <body><font size=\"2\">%s <br> %s</font> \
+       ungetc(c,ficpar);
- <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n\
+       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
- Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=%s<br>\n\
+       numlinepar++;
- \n\
+       fputs(line,stdout);
- <hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">\
+       fputs(line,ficparo);
-  <ul><li><h4>Parameter files</h4>\n\
+       fputs(line,ficlog);
-  - Parameter file: <a href=\"%s.%s\">%s.%s</a><br>\n\
+     }
-  - Copy of the parameter file: <a href=\"o%s\">o%s</a><br>\n\
+     ungetc(c,ficpar);
-  - Log file of the run: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n\
-  - Gnuplot file name: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n\
+     param= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
-  - Date and time at start: %s</ul>\n",\
+     for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
-           optionfilehtm,version,fullversion,title,datafile,firstpass,lastpass,stepm, weightopt, model,\
+       j=0;
-           optionfilefiname,optionfilext,optionfilefiname,optionfilext,\
+       for(jj=1; jj <=nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
-           fileres,fileres,\
+         if(jj==i) continue;
-           filelog,filelog,optionfilegnuplot,optionfilegnuplot,strstart);
+         j++;
-   fflush(fichtm);
+         fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);
+         if ((i1 != i) && (j1 != j)){
-   strcpy(pathr,path);
+           printf("Error in line parameters number %d, %1d%1d instead of %1d%1d \n \
-   strcat(pathr,optionfilefiname);
+ It might be a problem of design; if ncovcol and the model are correct\n \
-   chdir(optionfilefiname); /* Move to directory named optionfile */
+ run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct template of the parameter file.\n",numlinepar, i,j, i1, j1);
+           exit(1);
-   /* Calculates basic frequencies. Computes observed prevalence at single age
+         }
-      and prints on file fileres'p'. */
+         fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
-   freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,strstart);
+         if(mle==1)
+           printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
-   fprintf(fichtm,"\n");
+         fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i,j);
-   fprintf(fichtm,"<br>Total number of observations=%d <br>\n\
+         for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
- Youngest age at first (selected) pass %.2f, oldest age %.2f<br>\n\
+           fscanf(ficpar," %lf",&param[i][j][k]);
- Interval (in months) between two waves: Min=%d Max=%d Mean=%.2lf<br>\n",\
+           if(mle==1){
-           imx,agemin,agemax,jmin,jmax,jmean);
+             printf(" %lf",param[i][j][k]);
-   pmmij= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
+             fprintf(ficlog," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
-     oldms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
+           }
-     newms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
+           else
-     savms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
+             fprintf(ficlog," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
-     oldm=oldms; newm=newms; savm=savms; /* Keeps fixed addresses to free */
+           fprintf(ficparo," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
+         }
+         fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
-   /* For Powell, parameters are in a vector p[] starting at p[1]
+         numlinepar++;
-      so we point p on param[1][1] so that p[1] maps on param[1][1][1] */
+         if(mle==1)
-   p=param[1][1]; /* *(*(*(param +1)+1)+0) */
+           printf("\n");
+         fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-   globpr=0; /* To get the number ipmx of contributions and the sum of weights*/
+         fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
+       }
-   if (mle==-3){
+     }
-     ximort=matrix(1,NDIM,1,NDIM);
+     fflush(ficlog);
-     cens=ivector(1,n);
-     ageexmed=vector(1,n);
+     p=param[1][1];
-     agecens=vector(1,n);
-     dcwave=ivector(1,n);
+     /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
+     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
-     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){
+       ungetc(c,ficpar);
-       dcwave[i]=-1;
+       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
-       for (m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++)
+       numlinepar++;
-         if (s[m][i]>nlstate) {
+       fputs(line,stdout);
-           dcwave[i]=m;
+       fputs(line,ficparo);
-           /*    printf("i=%d j=%d s=%d dcwave=%d\n",i,j, s[j][i],dcwave[i]);*/
+       fputs(line,ficlog);
-           break;
+     }
-         }
+     ungetc(c,ficpar);
-     }
+     for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
-     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
+       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath-1; j++){
-       if (wav[i]>0){
+         fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);
-         ageexmed[i]=agev[mw[1][i]][i];
+         if ((i1-i)*(j1-j)!=0){
-         j=wav[i];
+           printf("Error in line parameters number %d, %1d%1d instead of %1d%1d \n",numlinepar, i,j, i1, j1);
-         agecens[i]=1.;
+           exit(1);
+         }
-         if (ageexmed[i]> 1 && wav[i] > 0){
+         printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
-           agecens[i]=agev[mw[j][i]][i];
+         fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
-           cens[i]= 1;
+         fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
-         }else if (ageexmed[i]< 1)
+         for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
-           cens[i]= -1;
+           fscanf(ficpar,"%le",&delti3[i][j][k]);
-         if (agedc[i]< AGESUP && agedc[i]>1 && dcwave[i]>firstpass && dcwave[i]<=lastpass)
+           printf(" %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
-           cens[i]=0 ;
+           fprintf(ficparo," %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
-       }
+           fprintf(ficlog," %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
-       else cens[i]=-1;
+         }
-     }
+         fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
+         numlinepar++;
-     for (i=1;i<=NDIM;i++) {
+         printf("\n");
-       for (j=1;j<=NDIM;j++)
+         fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
-         ximort[i][j]=(i == j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+         fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-     }
+       }
+     }
-     p[1]=0.0268; p[NDIM]=0.083;
+     fflush(ficlog);
-     /*printf("%lf %lf", p[1], p[2]);*/
+     delti=delti3[1][1];
-     printf("Powell\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
-     strcpy(filerespow,"pow-mort");
+     /* free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel); */ /* Hasn't to to freed here otherwise delti is no more allocated */
-     strcat(filerespow,fileres);
-     if((ficrespow=fopen(filerespow,"w"))==NULL) {
+     /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
-       printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
+     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
+       ungetc(c,ficpar);
-     }
+       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
-     fprintf(ficrespow,"# Powell\n# iter -2*LL");
+       numlinepar++;
-     /*  for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
+       fputs(line,stdout);
-         for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+       fputs(line,ficparo);
-         if(j!=i)fprintf(ficrespow," p%1d%1d",i,j);
+       fputs(line,ficlog);
-     */
+     }
-     fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");
+     ungetc(c,ficpar);
-     powell(p,ximort,NDIM,ftol,&iter,&fret,gompertz);
+     matcov=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
-     fclose(ficrespow);
+     for(i=1; i <=npar; i++)
+       for(j=1; j <=npar; j++) matcov[i][j]=0.;
-     hesscov(matcov, p, NDIM, delti, 1e-4, gompertz);
+     for(i=1; i <=npar; i++){
-     for(i=1; i <=NDIM; i++)
+       fscanf(ficpar,"%s",&str);
-       for(j=i+1;j<=NDIM;j++)
+       if(mle==1)
-         matcov[i][j]=matcov[j][i];
+         printf("%s",str);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"%s",str);
-     printf("\nCovariance matrix\n ");
+       fprintf(ficparo,"%s",str);
-     for(i=1; i <=NDIM; i++) {
+       for(j=1; j <=i; j++){
-       for(j=1;j<=NDIM;j++){
+         fscanf(ficpar," %le",&matcov[i][j]);
-         printf("%f ",matcov[i][j]);
+         if(mle==1){
-       }
+           printf(" %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
-       printf("\n ");
+         }
-     }
+         fprintf(ficlog," %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
+         fprintf(ficparo," %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
-     printf("iter=%d MLE=%f Eq=%lf*exp(%lf*(age-%d))\n",iter,-gompertz(p),p[1],p[2],agegomp);
+       }
-     for (i=1;i<=NDIM;i++)
+       fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
-       printf("%f [%f ; %f]\n",p[i],p[i]-2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]),p[i]+2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]));
+       numlinepar++;
+       if(mle==1)
-     lsurv=vector(1,AGESUP);
+         printf("\n");
-     lpop=vector(1,AGESUP);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-     tpop=vector(1,AGESUP);
+       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
-     lsurv[agegomp]=100000;
+     }
+     for(i=1; i <=npar; i++)
-     for (k=agegomp;k<=AGESUP;k++) {
+       for(j=i+1;j<=npar;j++)
-       agemortsup=k;
+         matcov[i][j]=matcov[j][i];
-       if (p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp))>1) break;
-     }
+     if(mle==1)
+       printf("\n");
-     for (k=agegomp;k<agemortsup;k++)
+     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-       lsurv[k+1]=lsurv[k]-lsurv[k]*(p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)));
+     fflush(ficlog);
-     for (k=agegomp;k<agemortsup;k++){
-       lpop[k]=(lsurv[k]+lsurv[k+1])/2.;
+     /*-------- Rewriting parameter file ----------*/
-       sumlpop=sumlpop+lpop[k];
+     strcpy(rfileres,"r");    /* "Rparameterfile */
-     }
+     strcat(rfileres,optionfilefiname);    /* Parameter file first name*/
+     strcat(rfileres,".");    /* */
-     tpop[agegomp]=sumlpop;
+     strcat(rfileres,optionfilext);    /* Other files have txt extension */
-     for (k=agegomp;k<(agemortsup-3);k++){
+     if((ficres =fopen(rfileres,"w"))==NULL) {
-       /*  tpop[k+1]=2;*/
+       printf("Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", fileres);goto end;
-       tpop[k+1]=tpop[k]-lpop[k];
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", fileres);goto end;
      }
+     fprintf(ficres,"#%s\n",version);
+   }    /* End of mle != -3 */
-     printf("\nAge   lx     qx    dx    Lx     Tx     e(x)\n");
-     for (k=agegomp;k<(agemortsup-2);k++)
-       printf("%d %.0lf %lf %.0lf %.0lf %.0lf %lf\n",k,lsurv[k],p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)),(p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)))*lsurv[k],lpop[k],tpop[k],tpop[k]/lsurv[k]);
+   n= lastobs;
+   num=lvector(1,n);
+   moisnais=vector(1,n);
-     replace_back_to_slash(pathc,pathcd); /* Even gnuplot wants a / */
+   annais=vector(1,n);
-     printinggnuplotmort(fileres, optionfilefiname,ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, pathc,p);
+   moisdc=vector(1,n);
+   andc=vector(1,n);
-     printinghtmlmort(fileres,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, \
+   agedc=vector(1,n);
-                      stepm, weightopt,\
+   cod=ivector(1,n);
-                      model,imx,p,matcov,agemortsup);
+   weight=vector(1,n);
+   for(i=1;i<=n;i++) weight[i]=1.0; /* Equal weights, 1 by default */
-     free_vector(lsurv,1,AGESUP);
+   mint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);
-     free_vector(lpop,1,AGESUP);
+   anint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);
-     free_vector(tpop,1,AGESUP);
+   s=imatrix(1,maxwav+1,1,n); /* s[i][j] health state for wave i and individual j */
-   } /* Endof if mle==-3 */
+   tab=ivector(1,NCOVMAX);
+   ncodemax=ivector(1,8); /* hard coded ? */
-   else{ /* For mle >=1 */
+   /* Reads data from file datafile */
-     likelione(ficres, p, npar, nlstate, &globpr, &ipmx, &sw, &fretone, funcone); /* Prints the contributions to the likelihood */
+   if (readdata(datafile, firstobs, lastobs, &imx)==1)
-     printf("First Likeli=%12.6f ipmx=%ld sw=%12.6f",fretone,ipmx,sw);
+     goto end;
-     for (k=1; k<=npar;k++)
-       printf(" %d %8.5f",k,p[k]);
+   /* Calculation of the number of parameters from char model */
-     printf("\n");
+     /*    modelsav=V2+V1+V4+age*V3 strb=age*V3 stra=V2+V1+V4
-     globpr=1; /* to print the contributions */
+         k=4 (age*V3) Tvar[k=4]= 3 (from V3) Tag[cptcovage=1]=4
-     likelione(ficres, p, npar, nlstate, &globpr, &ipmx, &sw, &fretone, funcone); /* Prints the contributions to the likelihood */
+         k=3 V4 Tvar[k=3]= 4 (from V4)
-     printf("Second Likeli=%12.6f ipmx=%ld sw=%12.6f",fretone,ipmx,sw);
+         k=2 V1 Tvar[k=2]= 1 (from V1)
-     for (k=1; k<=npar;k++)
+         k=1 Tvar[1]=2 (from V2)
-       printf(" %d %8.5f",k,p[k]);
+     */
-     printf("\n");
+   Tvar=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Was 15 changed to NCOVMAX. */
-     if(mle>=1){ /* Could be 1 or 2 */
+   /*  V2+V1+V4+age*V3 is a model with 4 covariates (3 plus signs).
-       mlikeli(ficres,p, npar, ncovmodel, nlstate, ftol, func);
+       For each model-covariate stores the data-covariate id. Tvar[1]=2, Tvar[2]=1, Tvar[3]=4,
-     }
+       Tvar[4=age*V3] is 3 and 'age' is recorded in Tage.
+   */
-     /*--------- results files --------------*/
+   /* For model-covariate k tells which data-covariate to use but
-     fprintf(ficres,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle= 0 weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate, ndeath, maxwav, weightopt,model);
+     because this model-covariate is a construction we invent a new column
+     ncovcol + k1
+     If already ncovcol=4 and model=V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3
-     fprintf(ficres,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
+     Tvar[3=V1*V4]=4+1 etc */
-     printf("# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
+   Tprod=ivector(1,15); /* Gives the position of a product */
-     fprintf(ficlog,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
+   /* Tprod[k1=1]=3(=V1*V4) for V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3
-     for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+      if  V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2   TProd[k1=2]=5 (V3*V2)
-       for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
+   */
-         if (k != i) {
+   Tvaraff=ivector(1,15);
-           printf("%d%d ",i,k);
+   Tvard=imatrix(1,15,1,2); /* n=Tvard[k1][1]  and m=Tvard[k1][2] gives the couple n,m of the k1 th product Vn*Vm
-           fprintf(ficlog,"%d%d ",i,k);
+                             * For V3*V2 (in V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2), V3*V2 position is 2nd.
-           fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d ",i,k);
+                             * Tvard[k1=2][1]=3 (V3) Tvard[k1=2][2]=2(V2) */
-           for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
+   Tage=ivector(1,15); /* Gives the covariate id of covariates associated with age: V2 + V1 + age*V4 + V3*age
-             printf("%lf ",p[jk]);
+covariates (3 plus signs)
-             fprintf(ficlog,"%lf ",p[jk]);
+                          Tage[1=V3*age]= 4; Tage[2=age*V4] = 3
-             fprintf(ficres,"%lf ",p[jk]);
+                       */
-             jk++;
-           }
+   if(decodemodel(model, lastobs) == 1)
-           printf("\n");
+     goto end;
-           fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-           fprintf(ficres,"\n");
+   if((double)(lastobs-imx)/(double)imx > 1.10){
-         }
+     nbwarn++;
-       }
+     printf("Warning: The value of parameter lastobs=%d is big compared to the \n  effective number of cases imx=%d, please adjust, \n  otherwise you are allocating more memory than necessary.\n",lastobs, imx);
-     }
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Warning: The value of parameter lastobs=%d is big compared to the \n  effective number of cases imx=%d, please adjust, \n  otherwise you are allocating more memory than necessary.\n",lastobs, imx);
-     if(mle!=0){
+   }
-       /* Computing hessian and covariance matrix */
+     /*  if(mle==1){*/
-       ftolhess=ftol; /* Usually correct */
+   if (weightopt != 1) { /* Maximisation without weights. We can have weights different from 1 but want no weight*/
-       hesscov(matcov, p, npar, delti, ftolhess, func);
+     for(i=1;i<=imx;i++) weight[i]=1.0; /* changed to imx */
-     }
+   }
-     fprintf(ficres,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
-     printf("# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
+     /*-calculation of age at interview from date of interview and age at death -*/
-     fprintf(ficlog,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
+   agev=matrix(1,maxwav,1,imx);
-     for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
-       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
+   if(calandcheckages(imx, maxwav, &agemin, &agemax, &nberr, &nbwarn) == 1)
-         if (j!=i) {
+     goto end;
-           fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d",i,j);
-           printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
-           fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i,j);
+   agegomp=(int)agemin;
-           for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
+   free_vector(moisnais,1,n);
-             printf(" %.5e",delti[jk]);
+   free_vector(annais,1,n);
-             fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",delti[jk]);
+   /* free_matrix(mint,1,maxwav,1,n);
-             fprintf(ficres," %.5e",delti[jk]);
+      free_matrix(anint,1,maxwav,1,n);*/
-             jk++;
+   free_vector(moisdc,1,n);
-           }
+   free_vector(andc,1,n);
-           printf("\n");
-           fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-           fprintf(ficres,"\n");
+   wav=ivector(1,imx);
-         }
+   dh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
-       }
+   bh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
-     }
+   mw=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
-     fprintf(ficres,"# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
+   /* Concatenates waves */
-     if(mle>=1)
+   concatwav(wav, dh, bh, mw, s, agedc, agev,  firstpass, lastpass, imx, nlstate, stepm);
-       printf("# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
-     fprintf(ficlog,"# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
+   /* Routine tricode is to calculate cptcoveff (real number of unique covariates) and to associate covariable number and modality */
-     /* # 121 Var(a12)\n\ */
-     /* # 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n\ */
+   nbcode=imatrix(0,NCOVMAX,0,NCOVMAX);
-     /* # 131 Cov(a13,a12) Cov(a13,b12, Var(a13)\n\ */
+   ncodemax[1]=1;
-     /* # 132 Cov(b13,a12) Cov(b13,b12, Cov(b13,a13) Var(b13)\n\ */
+   if (cptcovn > 0) tricode(Tvar,nbcode,imx);
-     /* # 212 Cov(a21,a12) Cov(a21,b12, Cov(a21,a13) Cov(a21,b13) Var(a21)\n\ */
-     /* # 212 Cov(b21,a12) Cov(b21,b12, Cov(b21,a13) Cov(b21,b13) Cov(b21,a21) Var(b21)\n\ */
+   codtab=imatrix(1,100,1,10); /* Cross tabulation to get the order of
-     /* # 232 Cov(a23,a12) Cov(a23,b12, Cov(a23,a13) Cov(a23,b13) Cov(a23,a21) Cov(a23,b21) Var(a23)\n\ */
+                                  the estimations*/
-     /* # 232 Cov(b23,a12) Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n" */
+   h=0;
+   m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
-     /* Just to have a covariance matrix which will be more understandable
+   for(k=1;k<=cptcoveff; k++){ /* scans any effective covariate */
-        even is we still don't want to manage dictionary of variables
+     for(i=1; i <=(m/pow(2,k));i++){ /* i=1 to 8/1=8; i=1 to 8/2=4; i=1 to 8/8=1 */
-     */
+       for(j=1; j <= ncodemax[k]; j++){ /* For each modality of this covariate */
-     for(itimes=1;itimes<=2;itimes++){
+         for(cpt=1; cpt <=(m/pow(2,cptcoveff+1-k)); cpt++){  /* cpt=1 to 8/2**(3+1-1 or 3+1-3) =1 or 4 */
-       jj=0;
+           h++;
-       for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
+           if (h>m)
-         for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
+             h=1;
-           if(j==i) continue;
+           codtab[h][k]=j;
-           for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
+           codtab[h][Tvar[k]]=j;
-             jj++;
+           printf("h=%d k=%d j=%d codtab[h][k]=%d Tvar[k]=%d codtab[h][Tvar[k]]=%d \n",h, k,j,codtab[h][k],Tvar[k],codtab[h][Tvar[k]]);
-             ca[0]= k+'a'-1;ca[1]='\0';
+         }
-             if(itimes==1){
+       }
-               if(mle>=1)
+     }
-                 printf("#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
+   }
-               fprintf(ficlog,"#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
+   /* printf("codtab[1][2]=%d codtab[2][2]=%d",codtab[1][2],codtab[2][2]);
-               fprintf(ficres,"#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
+      codtab[1][2]=1;codtab[2][2]=2; */
-             }else{
+   /* for(i=1; i <=m ;i++){
-               if(mle>=1)
+      for(k=1; k <=cptcovn; k++){
-                 printf("%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
+        printf("i=%d k=%d %d %d ",i,k,codtab[i][k], cptcoveff);
-               fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
+      }
-               fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
+      printf("\n");
-             }
+      }
-             ll=0;
+      scanf("%d",i);*/
-             for(li=1;li <=nlstate; li++){
-               for(lj=1;lj <=nlstate+ndeath; lj++){
+   /*------------ gnuplot -------------*/
-                 if(lj==li) continue;
+   strcpy(optionfilegnuplot,optionfilefiname);
-                 for(lk=1;lk<=ncovmodel;lk++){
+   if(mle==-3)
-                   ll++;
+     strcat(optionfilegnuplot,"-mort");
-                   if(ll<=jj){
+   strcat(optionfilegnuplot,".gp");
-                     cb[0]= lk +'a'-1;cb[1]='\0';
-                     if(ll<jj){
+   if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"w"))==NULL) {
-                       if(itimes==1){
+     printf("Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot);
-                         if(mle>=1)
+   }
-                           printf(" Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
+   else{
-                         fprintf(ficlog," Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
+     fprintf(ficgp,"\n# %s\n", version);
-                         fprintf(ficres," Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
+     fprintf(ficgp,"# %s\n", optionfilegnuplot);
-                       }else{
+     //fprintf(ficgp,"set missing 'NaNq'\n");
-                         if(mle>=1)
+     fprintf(ficgp,"set datafile missing 'NaNq'\n");
-                           printf(" %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
+   }
-                         fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
+   /*  fclose(ficgp);*/
-                         fprintf(ficres," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
+   /*--------- index.htm --------*/
-                       }
-                     }else{
+   strcpy(optionfilehtm,optionfilefiname); /* Main html file */
-                       if(itimes==1){
+   if(mle==-3)
-                         if(mle>=1)
+     strcat(optionfilehtm,"-mort");
-                           printf(" Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
+   strcat(optionfilehtm,".htm");
-                         fprintf(ficlog," Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
+   if((fichtm=fopen(optionfilehtm,"w"))==NULL)    {
-                         fprintf(ficres," Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
+     printf("Problem with %s \n",optionfilehtm);
-                       }else{
+     exit(0);
-                         if(mle>=1)
+   }
-                           printf(" %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
-                         fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
+   strcpy(optionfilehtmcov,optionfilefiname); /* Only for matrix of covariance */
-                         fprintf(ficres," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
+   strcat(optionfilehtmcov,"-cov.htm");
-                       }
+   if((fichtmcov=fopen(optionfilehtmcov,"w"))==NULL)    {
-                     }
+     printf("Problem with %s \n",optionfilehtmcov), exit(0);
-                   }
+   }
-                 } /* end lk */
+   else{
-               } /* end lj */
+   fprintf(fichtmcov,"<html><head>\n<title>IMaCh Cov %s</title></head>\n <body><font size=\"2\">%s <br> %s</font> \
-             } /* end li */
+ <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n\
-             if(mle>=1)
+ Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=%s<br>\n",\
-               printf("\n");
+           optionfilehtmcov,version,fullversion,title,datafile,firstpass,lastpass,stepm, weightopt, model);
-             fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
+   }
-             fprintf(ficres,"\n");
-             numlinepar++;
+   fprintf(fichtm,"<html><head>\n<title>IMaCh %s</title></head>\n <body><font size=\"2\">%s <br> %s</font> \
-           } /* end k*/
+ <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n\
-         } /*end j */
+ Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=%s<br>\n\
-       } /* end i */
+ \n\
-     } /* end itimes */
+ <hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">\
+  <ul><li><h4>Parameter files</h4>\n\
-     fflush(ficlog);
+  - Parameter file: <a href=\"%s.%s\">%s.%s</a><br>\n\
-     fflush(ficres);
+  - Copy of the parameter file: <a href=\"o%s\">o%s</a><br>\n\
+  - Log file of the run: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n\
-     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+  - Gnuplot file name: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n\
-       ungetc(c,ficpar);
+  - Date and time at start: %s</ul>\n",\
-       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+           optionfilehtm,version,fullversion,title,datafile,firstpass,lastpass,stepm, weightopt, model,\
-       puts(line);
+           optionfilefiname,optionfilext,optionfilefiname,optionfilext,\
-       fputs(line,ficparo);
+           fileres,fileres,\
-     }
+           filelog,filelog,optionfilegnuplot,optionfilegnuplot,strstart);
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
+   fflush(fichtm);
-     estepm=0;
+   strcpy(pathr,path);
-     fscanf(ficpar,"agemin=%lf agemax=%lf bage=%lf fage=%lf estepm=%d\n",&ageminpar,&agemaxpar, &bage, &fage, &estepm);
+   strcat(pathr,optionfilefiname);
-     if (estepm==0 || estepm < stepm) estepm=stepm;
+   chdir(optionfilefiname); /* Move to directory named optionfile */
-     if (fage <= 2) {
-       bage = ageminpar;
+   /* Calculates basic frequencies. Computes observed prevalence at single age
-       fage = agemaxpar;
+      and prints on file fileres'p'. */
-     }
+   freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,strstart);
-     fprintf(ficres,"# agemin agemax for life expectancy, bage fage (if mle==0 ie no data nor Max likelihood).\n");
+   fprintf(fichtm,"\n");
-     fprintf(ficres,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);
+   fprintf(fichtm,"<br>Total number of observations=%d <br>\n\
-     fprintf(ficparo,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);
+ Youngest age at first (selected) pass %.2f, oldest age %.2f<br>\n\
+ Interval (in months) between two waves: Min=%d Max=%d Mean=%.2lf<br>\n",\
-     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+           imx,agemin,agemax,jmin,jmax,jmean);
-       ungetc(c,ficpar);
+   pmmij= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
-       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+     oldms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
-       puts(line);
+     newms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
-       fputs(line,ficparo);
+     savms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
-     }
+     oldm=oldms; newm=newms; savm=savms; /* Keeps fixed addresses to free */
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
-     fscanf(ficpar,"begin-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf end-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mov_average=%d\n",&jprev1, &mprev1,&anprev1,&jprev2, &mprev2,&anprev2,&mobilav);
+   /* For Powell, parameters are in a vector p[] starting at p[1]
-     fprintf(ficparo,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
+      so we point p on param[1][1] so that p[1] maps on param[1][1][1] */
-     fprintf(ficres,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
+   p=param[1][1]; /* *(*(*(param +1)+1)+0) */
-     printf("begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
+   globpr=0; /* To get the number ipmx of contributions and the sum of weights*/
-     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+   if (mle==-3){
-       ungetc(c,ficpar);
+     ximort=matrix(1,NDIM,1,NDIM);
-       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+ /*     ximort=gsl_matrix_alloc(1,NDIM,1,NDIM); */
-       puts(line);
+     cens=ivector(1,n);
-       fputs(line,ficparo);
+     ageexmed=vector(1,n);
-     }
+     agecens=vector(1,n);
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
+     dcwave=ivector(1,n);
+     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){
-     dateprev1=anprev1+(mprev1-1)/12.+(jprev1-1)/365.;
+       dcwave[i]=-1;
-     dateprev2=anprev2+(mprev2-1)/12.+(jprev2-1)/365.;
+       for (m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++)
+         if (s[m][i]>nlstate) {
-     fscanf(ficpar,"pop_based=%d\n",&popbased);
+           dcwave[i]=m;
-     fprintf(ficparo,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);
+           /*    printf("i=%d j=%d s=%d dcwave=%d\n",i,j, s[j][i],dcwave[i]);*/
-     fprintf(ficres,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);
+           break;
+         }
-     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+     }
-       ungetc(c,ficpar);
-       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
+     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
-       puts(line);
+       if (wav[i]>0){
-       fputs(line,ficparo);
+         ageexmed[i]=agev[mw[1][i]][i];
-     }
+         j=wav[i];
-     ungetc(c,ficpar);
+         agecens[i]=1.;
-     fscanf(ficpar,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf final-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mobil_average=%d\n",&prevfcast,&jproj1,&mproj1,&anproj1,&jproj2,&mproj2,&anproj2,&mobilavproj);
+         if (ageexmed[i]> 1 && wav[i] > 0){
-     fprintf(ficparo,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
+           agecens[i]=agev[mw[j][i]][i];
-     printf("prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
+           cens[i]= 1;
-     fprintf(ficlog,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
+         }else if (ageexmed[i]< 1)
-     fprintf(ficres,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
+           cens[i]= -1;
-     /* day and month of proj2 are not used but only year anproj2.*/
+         if (agedc[i]< AGESUP && agedc[i]>1 && dcwave[i]>firstpass && dcwave[i]<=lastpass)
+           cens[i]=0 ;
+       }
+       else cens[i]=-1;
-     /*  freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint);*/
+     }
-     /*,dateprev1,dateprev2,jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2);*/
+     for (i=1;i<=NDIM;i++) {
-     replace_back_to_slash(pathc,pathcd); /* Even gnuplot wants a / */
+       for (j=1;j<=NDIM;j++)
-     printinggnuplot(fileres, optionfilefiname,ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, pathc,p);
+         ximort[i][j]=(i == j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
+     }
-     printinghtml(fileres,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, stepm, weightopt,\
-                  model,imx,jmin,jmax,jmean,rfileres,popforecast,estepm,\
+     p[1]=0.0268; p[NDIM]=0.083;
-                  jprev1,mprev1,anprev1,jprev2,mprev2,anprev2);
+     /*printf("%lf %lf", p[1], p[2]);*/
-    /*------------ free_vector  -------------*/
-    /*  chdir(path); */
+ #ifdef GSL
+     printf("GSL optimization\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
-     free_ivector(wav,1,imx);
+ #elsedef
-     free_imatrix(dh,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
+     printf("Powell\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
-     free_imatrix(bh,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
+ #endif
-     free_imatrix(mw,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
+     strcpy(filerespow,"pow-mort");
-     free_lvector(num,1,n);
+     strcat(filerespow,fileres);
-     free_vector(agedc,1,n);
+     if((ficrespow=fopen(filerespow,"w"))==NULL) {
-     /*free_matrix(covar,0,NCOVMAX,1,n);*/
+       printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
-     /*free_matrix(covar,1,NCOVMAX,1,n);*/
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
-     fclose(ficparo);
+     }
-     fclose(ficres);
+ #ifdef GSL
+     fprintf(ficrespow,"# GSL optimization\n# iter -2*LL");
+ #elsedef
-     /*--------------- Prevalence limit  (period or stable prevalence) --------------*/
+     fprintf(ficrespow,"# Powell\n# iter -2*LL");
+ #endif
-     strcpy(filerespl,"pl");
+     /*  for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
-     strcat(filerespl,fileres);
+         for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
-     if((ficrespl=fopen(filerespl,"w"))==NULL) {
+         if(j!=i)fprintf(ficrespow," p%1d%1d",i,j);
-       printf("Problem with period (stable) prevalence resultfile: %s\n", filerespl);goto end;
+     */
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with period (stable) prevalence resultfile: %s\n", filerespl);goto end;
+     fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");
-     }
+ #ifdef GSL
-     printf("Computing period (stable) prevalence: result on file '%s' \n", filerespl);
+     /* gsl starts here */
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing period (stable) prevalence: result on file '%s' \n", filerespl);
+     T = gsl_multimin_fminimizer_nmsimplex;
-     pstamp(ficrespl);
+     gsl_multimin_fminimizer *sfm = NULL;
-     fprintf(ficrespl,"# Period (stable) prevalence \n");
+     gsl_vector *ss, *x;
-     fprintf(ficrespl,"#Age ");
+     gsl_multimin_function minex_func;
-     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrespl,"%d-%d ",i,i);
-     fprintf(ficrespl,"\n");
+     /* Initial vertex size vector */
+     ss = gsl_vector_alloc (NDIM);
-     prlim=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
+     if (ss == NULL){
-     agebase=ageminpar;
+       GSL_ERROR_VAL ("failed to allocate space for ss", GSL_ENOMEM, 0);
-     agelim=agemaxpar;
+     }
-     ftolpl=1.e-10;
+     /* Set all step sizes to 1 */
-     i1=cptcoveff;
+     gsl_vector_set_all (ss, 0.001);
-     if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
+     /* Starting point */
-     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
-       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
+     x = gsl_vector_alloc (NDIM);
-         k=k+1;
-         /*printf("cptcov=%d cptcod=%d codtab=%d nbcode=%d\n",cptcov, cptcod,Tcode[cptcode],codtab[cptcod][cptcov]);*/
+     if (x == NULL){
-         fprintf(ficrespl,"\n#******");
+       gsl_vector_free(ss);
-         printf("\n#******");
+       GSL_ERROR_VAL ("failed to allocate space for x", GSL_ENOMEM, 0);
-         fprintf(ficlog,"\n#******");
+     }
-         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
-           fprintf(ficrespl," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+     /* Initialize method and iterate */
-           printf(" V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+     /*     p[1]=0.0268; p[NDIM]=0.083; */
-           fprintf(ficlog," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+ /*     gsl_vector_set(x, 0, 0.0268); */
-         }
+ /*     gsl_vector_set(x, 1, 0.083); */
-         fprintf(ficrespl,"******\n");
+     gsl_vector_set(x, 0, p[1]);
-         printf("******\n");
+     gsl_vector_set(x, 1, p[2]);
-         fprintf(ficlog,"******\n");
+     minex_func.f = &gompertz_f;
-         for (age=agebase; age<=agelim; age++){
+     minex_func.n = NDIM;
-           prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm,ftolpl,k);
+     minex_func.params = (void *)&p; /* ??? */
-           fprintf(ficrespl,"%.0f ",age );
-           for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+     sfm = gsl_multimin_fminimizer_alloc (T, NDIM);
-             fprintf(ficrespl,"%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+     gsl_multimin_fminimizer_set (sfm, &minex_func, x, ss);
-           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
-             fprintf(ficrespl," %.5f", prlim[i][i]);
+     printf("Iterations beginning .....\n\n");
-           fprintf(ficrespl,"\n");
+     printf("Iter. #    Intercept       Slope     -Log Likelihood     Simplex size\n");
-         }
-       }
+     iteri=0;
-     }
+     while (rval == GSL_CONTINUE){
-     fclose(ficrespl);
+       iteri++;
+       status = gsl_multimin_fminimizer_iterate(sfm);
-     /*------------- h Pij x at various ages ------------*/
+       if (status) printf("error: %s\n", gsl_strerror (status));
-     strcpy(filerespij,"pij");  strcat(filerespij,fileres);
+       fflush(0);
-     if((ficrespij=fopen(filerespij,"w"))==NULL) {
-       printf("Problem with Pij resultfile: %s\n", filerespij);goto end;
+       if (status)
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Pij resultfile: %s\n", filerespij);goto end;
+         break;
-     }
-     printf("Computing pij: result on file '%s' \n", filerespij);
+       rval = gsl_multimin_test_size (gsl_multimin_fminimizer_size (sfm), 1e-6);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing pij: result on file '%s' \n", filerespij);
+       ssval = gsl_multimin_fminimizer_size (sfm);
-     stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
+       if (rval == GSL_SUCCESS)
-     /*if (stepm<=24) stepsize=2;*/
+         printf ("converged to a local maximum at\n");
-     agelim=AGESUP;
+       printf("%5d ", iteri);
-     hstepm=stepsize*YEARM; /* Every year of age */
+       for (it = 0; it < NDIM; it++){
-     hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */
+         printf ("%10.5f ", gsl_vector_get (sfm->x, it));
+       }
-     /* hstepm=1;   aff par mois*/
+       printf("f() = %-10.5f ssize = %.7f\n", sfm->fval, ssval);
-     pstamp(ficrespij);
+     }
-     fprintf(ficrespij,"#****** h Pij x Probability to be in state j at age x+h being in i at x ");
-     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
+     printf("\n\n Please note: Program should be run many times with varying starting points to detemine global maximum\n\n");
-       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
-         k=k+1;
+     gsl_vector_free(x); /* initial values */
-         fprintf(ficrespij,"\n#****** ");
+     gsl_vector_free(ss); /* inital step size */
-         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+     for (it=0; it<NDIM; it++){
-           fprintf(ficrespij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+       p[it+1]=gsl_vector_get(sfm->x,it);
-         fprintf(ficrespij,"******\n");
+       fprintf(ficrespow," %.12lf", p[it]);
+     }
-         for (agedeb=fage; agedeb>=bage; agedeb--){ /* If stepm=6 months */
+     gsl_multimin_fminimizer_free (sfm); /* p *(sfm.x.data) et p *(sfm.x.data+1)  */
-           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */
+ #endif
-           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */
+ #ifdef POWELL
+      powell(p,ximort,NDIM,ftol,&iter,&fret,gompertz);
-           /*      nhstepm=nhstepm*YEARM; aff par mois*/
+ #endif
+     fclose(ficrespow);
-           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
-           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+     hesscov(matcov, p, NDIM, delti, 1e-4, gompertz);
-           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);
-           fprintf(ficrespij,"# Cov Agex agex+h hpijx with i,j=");
+     for(i=1; i <=NDIM; i++)
-           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+       for(j=i+1;j<=NDIM;j++)
-             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+         matcov[i][j]=matcov[j][i];
-               fprintf(ficrespij," %1d-%1d",i,j);
-           fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
+     printf("\nCovariance matrix\n ");
-           for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
+     for(i=1; i <=NDIM; i++) {
-             fprintf(ficrespij,"%d %3.f %3.f",k,agedeb, agedeb+ h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm );
+       for(j=1;j<=NDIM;j++){
-             for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+         printf("%f ",matcov[i][j]);
-               for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+       }
-                 fprintf(ficrespij," %.5f", p3mat[i][j][h]);
+       printf("\n ");
-             fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
+     }
-           }
-           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+     printf("iter=%d MLE=%f Eq=%lf*exp(%lf*(age-%d))\n",iter,-gompertz(p),p[1],p[2],agegomp);
-           fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
+     for (i=1;i<=NDIM;i++)
-         }
+       printf("%f [%f ; %f]\n",p[i],p[i]-2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]),p[i]+2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]));
-       }
-     }
+     lsurv=vector(1,AGESUP);
+     lpop=vector(1,AGESUP);
-     varprob(optionfilefiname, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, bage, fage,k,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax,strstart);
+     tpop=vector(1,AGESUP);
+     lsurv[agegomp]=100000;
-     fclose(ficrespij);
+     for (k=agegomp;k<=AGESUP;k++) {
-     probs= ma3x(1,AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+       agemortsup=k;
-     for(i=1;i<=AGESUP;i++)
+       if (p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp))>1) break;
-       for(j=1;j<=NCOVMAX;j++)
+     }
-         for(k=1;k<=NCOVMAX;k++)
-           probs[i][j][k]=0.;
+     for (k=agegomp;k<agemortsup;k++)
+       lsurv[k+1]=lsurv[k]-lsurv[k]*(p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)));
-     /*---------- Forecasting ------------------*/
-     /*if((stepm == 1) && (strcmp(model,".")==0)){*/
+     for (k=agegomp;k<agemortsup;k++){
-     if(prevfcast==1){
+       lpop[k]=(lsurv[k]+lsurv[k+1])/2.;
-       /*    if(stepm ==1){*/
+       sumlpop=sumlpop+lpop[k];
-       prevforecast(fileres, anproj1, mproj1, jproj1, agemin, agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2, mobilavproj, bage, fage, firstpass, lastpass, anproj2, p, cptcoveff);
+     }
-       /* (popforecast==1) populforecast(fileres, anpyram,mpyram,jpyram, agemin,agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2,mobilav, agedeb, fage, popforecast, popfile, anpyram1,p, i1);*/
-       /*      }  */
+     tpop[agegomp]=sumlpop;
-       /*      else{ */
+     for (k=agegomp;k<(agemortsup-3);k++){
-       /*        erreur=108; */
+       /*  tpop[k+1]=2;*/
-       /*        printf("Warning %d!! You can only forecast the prevalences if the optimization\n  has been performed with stepm = 1 (month) instead of %d or model=. instead of '%s'\n", erreur, stepm, model); */
+       tpop[k+1]=tpop[k]-lpop[k];
-       /*        fprintf(ficlog,"Warning %d!! You can only forecast the prevalences if the optimization\n  has been performed with stepm = 1 (month) instead of %d or model=. instead of '%s'\n", erreur, stepm, model); */
+     }
-       /*      } */
-     }
+     printf("\nAge   lx     qx    dx    Lx     Tx     e(x)\n");
+     for (k=agegomp;k<(agemortsup-2);k++)
-     /*---------- Health expectancies and variances ------------*/
+       printf("%d %.0lf %lf %.0lf %.0lf %.0lf %lf\n",k,lsurv[k],p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)),(p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)))*lsurv[k],lpop[k],tpop[k],tpop[k]/lsurv[k]);
-     strcpy(filerest,"t");
-     strcat(filerest,fileres);
+     replace_back_to_slash(pathc,pathcd); /* Even gnuplot wants a / */
-     if((ficrest=fopen(filerest,"w"))==NULL) {
+     printinggnuplotmort(fileres, optionfilefiname,ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, pathc,p);
-       printf("Problem with total LE resultfile: %s\n", filerest);goto end;
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with total LE resultfile: %s\n", filerest);goto end;
+     printinghtmlmort(fileres,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, \
-     }
+                      stepm, weightopt,\
-     printf("Computing Total Life expectancies with their standard errors: file '%s' \n", filerest);
+                      model,imx,p,matcov,agemortsup);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Total Life expectancies with their standard errors: file '%s' \n", filerest);
+     free_vector(lsurv,1,AGESUP);
+     free_vector(lpop,1,AGESUP);
-     strcpy(filerese,"e");
+     free_vector(tpop,1,AGESUP);
-     strcat(filerese,fileres);
+ #ifdef GSL
-     if((ficreseij=fopen(filerese,"w"))==NULL) {
+     free_ivector(cens,1,n);
-       printf("Problem with Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerese); exit(0);
+     free_vector(agecens,1,n);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerese); exit(0);
+     free_ivector(dcwave,1,n);
-     }
+     free_matrix(ximort,1,NDIM,1,NDIM);
-     printf("Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerese);
+ #endif
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerese);
+   } /* Endof if mle==-3 */
-     strcpy(fileresstde,"stde");
+   else{ /* For mle >=1 */
-     strcat(fileresstde,fileres);
+     globpr=0;/* debug */
-     if((ficresstdeij=fopen(fileresstde,"w"))==NULL) {
+     likelione(ficres, p, npar, nlstate, &globpr, &ipmx, &sw, &fretone, funcone); /* Prints the contributions to the likelihood */
-       printf("Problem with Health Exp. and std errors resultfile: %s\n", fileresstde); exit(0);
+     printf("First Likeli=%12.6f ipmx=%ld sw=%12.6f",fretone,ipmx,sw);
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Health Exp. and std errors resultfile: %s\n", fileresstde); exit(0);
+     for (k=1; k<=npar;k++)
-     }
+       printf(" %d %8.5f",k,p[k]);
-     printf("Computing Health Expectancies and standard errors: result on file '%s' \n", fileresstde);
+     printf("\n");
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Health Expectancies and standard errors: result on file '%s' \n", fileresstde);
+     globpr=1; /* to print the contributions */
+     likelione(ficres, p, npar, nlstate, &globpr, &ipmx, &sw, &fretone, funcone); /* Prints the contributions to the likelihood */
-     strcpy(filerescve,"cve");
+     printf("Second Likeli=%12.6f ipmx=%ld sw=%12.6f",fretone,ipmx,sw);
-     strcat(filerescve,fileres);
+     for (k=1; k<=npar;k++)
-     if((ficrescveij=fopen(filerescve,"w"))==NULL) {
+       printf(" %d %8.5f",k,p[k]);
-       printf("Problem with Covar. Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerescve); exit(0);
+     printf("\n");
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Covar. Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerescve); exit(0);
+     if(mle>=1){ /* Could be 1 or 2 */
-     }
+       mlikeli(ficres,p, npar, ncovmodel, nlstate, ftol, func);
-     printf("Computing Covar. of Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerescve);
+     }
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Covar. of Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerescve);
+     /*--------- results files --------------*/
-     strcpy(fileresv,"v");
+     fprintf(ficres,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle= 0 weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate, ndeath, maxwav, weightopt,model);
-     strcat(fileresv,fileres);
-     if((ficresvij=fopen(fileresv,"w"))==NULL) {
-       printf("Problem with variance resultfile: %s\n", fileresv);exit(0);
+     fprintf(ficres,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
-       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with variance resultfile: %s\n", fileresv);exit(0);
+     printf("# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
-     }
+     fprintf(ficlog,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
-     printf("Computing Variance-covariance of DFLEs: file '%s' \n", fileresv);
+     for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
-     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Variance-covariance of DFLEs: file '%s' \n", fileresv);
+       for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
+         if (k != i) {
-     /* Computes prevalence between agemin (i.e minimal age computed) and no more ageminpar */
+           printf("%d%d ",i,k);
-     prevalence(probs, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"%d%d ",i,k);
-     /*  printf("ageminpar=%f, agemax=%f, s[lastpass][imx]=%d, agev[lastpass][imx]=%f, nlstate=%d, imx=%d,  mint[lastpass][imx]=%f, anint[lastpass][imx]=%f,dateprev1=%f, dateprev2=%f, firstpass=%d, lastpass=%d\n",\
+           fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d ",i,k);
-         ageminpar, agemax, s[lastpass][imx], agev[lastpass][imx], nlstate, imx, mint[lastpass][imx],anint[lastpass][imx], dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
+           for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
-     */
+             printf("%lf ",p[jk]);
+             fprintf(ficlog,"%lf ",p[jk]);
-     if (mobilav!=0) {
+             fprintf(ficres,"%lf ",p[jk]);
-       mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+             jk++;
-       if (movingaverage(probs, bage, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
+           }
-         fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+           printf("\n");
-         printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-       }
+           fprintf(ficres,"\n");
-     }
+         }
+       }
-     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
+     }
-       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
+     if(mle!=0){
-         k=k+1;
+       /* Computing hessian and covariance matrix */
-         fprintf(ficrest,"\n#****** ");
+       ftolhess=ftol; /* Usually correct */
-         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+       hesscov(matcov, p, npar, delti, ftolhess, func);
-           fprintf(ficrest,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+     }
-         fprintf(ficrest,"******\n");
+     fprintf(ficres,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
+     printf("# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
-         fprintf(ficreseij,"\n#****** ");
+     fprintf(ficlog,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
-         fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n#****** ");
+     for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
-         fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n#****** ");
+       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
-         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+         if (j!=i) {
-           fprintf(ficreseij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+           fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d",i,j);
-           fprintf(ficresstdeij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+           printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
-           fprintf(ficrescveij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i,j);
-         }
+           for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
-         fprintf(ficreseij,"******\n");
+             printf(" %.5e",delti[jk]);
-         fprintf(ficresstdeij,"******\n");
+             fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",delti[jk]);
-         fprintf(ficrescveij,"******\n");
+             fprintf(ficres," %.5e",delti[jk]);
+             jk++;
-         fprintf(ficresvij,"\n#****** ");
+           }
-         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+           printf("\n");
-           fprintf(ficresvij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+           fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-         fprintf(ficresvij,"******\n");
+           fprintf(ficres,"\n");
+         }
-         eij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
+       }
-         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+     }
-         evsij(fileres, eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, strstart);
-         cvevsij(fileres, eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, delti, matcov, strstart);
+     fprintf(ficres,"# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
+     if(mle>=1)
-         vareij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
+       printf("# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
-         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+     fprintf(ficlog,"# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
-         varevsij(optionfilefiname, vareij, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k, estepm, cptcov,cptcod,0, mobilav, strstart);
+     /* # 121 Var(a12)\n\ */
-         if(popbased==1){
+     /* # 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n\ */
-           varevsij(optionfilefiname, vareij, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k, estepm, cptcov,cptcod,popbased,mobilav, strstart);
+     /* # 131 Cov(a13,a12) Cov(a13,b12, Var(a13)\n\ */
-         }
+     /* # 132 Cov(b13,a12) Cov(b13,b12, Cov(b13,a13) Var(b13)\n\ */
+     /* # 212 Cov(a21,a12) Cov(a21,b12, Cov(a21,a13) Cov(a21,b13) Var(a21)\n\ */
-         pstamp(ficrest);
+     /* # 212 Cov(b21,a12) Cov(b21,b12, Cov(b21,a13) Cov(b21,b13) Cov(b21,a21) Var(b21)\n\ */
-         fprintf(ficrest,"# Total life expectancy with std error and decomposition into time to be expected in each health state\n# Age ( e.. (std) ");
+     /* # 232 Cov(a23,a12) Cov(a23,b12, Cov(a23,a13) Cov(a23,b13) Cov(a23,a21) Cov(a23,b21) Var(a23)\n\ */
-         for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrest,"e.%d (std) ",i);
+     /* # 232 Cov(b23,a12) Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n" */
-         fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
-         epj=vector(1,nlstate+1);
+     /* Just to have a covariance matrix which will be more understandable
-         for(age=bage; age <=fage ;age++){
+        even is we still don't want to manage dictionary of variables
-           prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm,ftolpl,k);
+     */
-           if (popbased==1) {
+     for(itimes=1;itimes<=2;itimes++){
-             if(mobilav ==0){
+       jj=0;
-               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+       for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
-                 prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][k];
+         for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
-             }else{ /* mobilav */
+           if(j==i) continue;
-               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+           for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
-                 prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][k];
+             jj++;
-             }
+             ca[0]= k+'a'-1;ca[1]='\0';
-           }
+             if(itimes==1){
+               if(mle>=1)
-           fprintf(ficrest," %4.0f",age);
+                 printf("#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
-           for(j=1, epj[nlstate+1]=0.;j <=nlstate;j++){
+               fprintf(ficlog,"#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
-             for(i=1, epj[j]=0.;i <=nlstate;i++) {
+               fprintf(ficres,"#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
-               epj[j] += prlim[i][i]*eij[i][j][(int)age];
+             }else{
-               /*  printf("%lf %lf ", prlim[i][i] ,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
+               if(mle>=1)
-             }
+                 printf("%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
-             epj[nlstate+1] +=epj[j];
+               fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
-           }
+               fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
+             }
-           for(i=1, vepp=0.;i <=nlstate;i++)
+             ll=0;
-             for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++)
+             for(li=1;li <=nlstate; li++){
-               vepp += vareij[i][j][(int)age];
+               for(lj=1;lj <=nlstate+ndeath; lj++){
-           fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[nlstate+1],sqrt(vepp));
+                 if(lj==li) continue;
-           for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++){
+                 for(lk=1;lk<=ncovmodel;lk++){
-             fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[j],sqrt(vareij[j][j][(int)age]));
+                   ll++;
-           }
+                   if(ll<=jj){
-           fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
+                     cb[0]= lk +'a'-1;cb[1]='\0';
-         }
+                     if(ll<jj){
-         free_ma3x(eij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+                       if(itimes==1){
-         free_ma3x(vareij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+                         if(mle>=1)
-         free_vector(epj,1,nlstate+1);
+                           printf(" Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
-       }
+                         fprintf(ficlog," Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
-     }
+                         fprintf(ficres," Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
-     free_vector(weight,1,n);
+                       }else{
-     free_imatrix(Tvard,1,15,1,2);
+                         if(mle>=1)
-     free_imatrix(s,1,maxwav+1,1,n);
+                           printf(" %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
-     free_matrix(anint,1,maxwav,1,n);
+                         fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
-     free_matrix(mint,1,maxwav,1,n);
+                         fprintf(ficres," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
-     free_ivector(cod,1,n);
+                       }
-     free_ivector(tab,1,NCOVMAX);
+                     }else{
-     fclose(ficreseij);
+                       if(itimes==1){
-     fclose(ficresstdeij);
+                         if(mle>=1)
-     fclose(ficrescveij);
+                           printf(" Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
-     fclose(ficresvij);
+                         fprintf(ficlog," Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
-     fclose(ficrest);
+                         fprintf(ficres," Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
-     fclose(ficpar);
+                       }else{
+                         if(mle>=1)
-     /*------- Variance of period (stable) prevalence------*/
+                           printf(" %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
+                         fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
-     strcpy(fileresvpl,"vpl");
+                         fprintf(ficres," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]);
-     strcat(fileresvpl,fileres);
+                       }
-     if((ficresvpl=fopen(fileresvpl,"w"))==NULL) {
+                     }
-       printf("Problem with variance of period (stable) prevalence  resultfile: %s\n", fileresvpl);
+                   }
-       exit(0);
+                 } /* end lk */
-     }
+               } /* end lj */
-     printf("Computing Variance-covariance of period (stable) prevalence: file '%s' \n", fileresvpl);
+             } /* end li */
+             if(mle>=1)
-     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
+               printf("\n");
-       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
+             fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
-         k=k+1;
+             fprintf(ficres,"\n");
-         fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n#****** ");
+             numlinepar++;
-         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+           } /* end k*/
-           fprintf(ficresvpl,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+         } /*end j */
-         fprintf(ficresvpl,"******\n");
+       } /* end i */
+     } /* end itimes */
-         varpl=matrix(1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
-         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+     fflush(ficlog);
-         varprevlim(fileres, varpl, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k,strstart);
+     fflush(ficres);
-         free_matrix(varpl,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
-       }
+     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
-     }
+       ungetc(c,ficpar);
+       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
-     fclose(ficresvpl);
+       fputs(line,stdout);
+       fputs(line,ficparo);
-     /*---------- End : free ----------------*/
+     }
-     if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+     ungetc(c,ficpar);
-     free_ma3x(probs,1,AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+     estepm=0;
-   }  /* mle==-3 arrives here for freeing */
+     fscanf(ficpar,"agemin=%lf agemax=%lf bage=%lf fage=%lf estepm=%d\n",&ageminpar,&agemaxpar, &bage, &fage, &estepm);
-   free_matrix(prlim,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
+     if (estepm==0 || estepm < stepm) estepm=stepm;
-     free_matrix(pmmij,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
+     if (fage <= 2) {
-     free_matrix(oldms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
+       bage = ageminpar;
-     free_matrix(newms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
+       fage = agemaxpar;
-     free_matrix(savms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
+     }
-     free_matrix(covar,0,NCOVMAX,1,n);
-     free_matrix(matcov,1,npar,1,npar);
+     fprintf(ficres,"# agemin agemax for life expectancy, bage fage (if mle==0 ie no data nor Max likelihood).\n");
-     /*free_vector(delti,1,npar);*/
+     fprintf(ficres,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);
-     free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
+     fprintf(ficparo,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);
-     free_matrix(agev,1,maxwav,1,imx);
-     free_ma3x(param,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
+     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+       ungetc(c,ficpar);
-     free_ivector(ncodemax,1,8);
+       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
-     free_ivector(Tvar,1,15);
+       fputs(line,stdout);
-     free_ivector(Tprod,1,15);
+       fputs(line,ficparo);
-     free_ivector(Tvaraff,1,15);
+     }
-     free_ivector(Tage,1,15);
+     ungetc(c,ficpar);
-     free_ivector(Tcode,1,100);
+     fscanf(ficpar,"begin-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf end-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mov_average=%d\n",&jprev1, &mprev1,&anprev1,&jprev2, &mprev2,&anprev2,&mobilav);
-     free_imatrix(nbcode,0,NCOVMAX,0,NCOVMAX);
+     fprintf(ficparo,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
-     free_imatrix(codtab,1,100,1,10);
+     fprintf(ficres,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
-   fflush(fichtm);
+     printf("begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
-   fflush(ficgp);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
+     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
-   if((nberr >0) || (nbwarn>0)){
+       ungetc(c,ficpar);
-     printf("End of Imach with %d errors and/or %d warnings\n",nberr,nbwarn);
+       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
-     fprintf(ficlog,"End of Imach with %d errors and/or warnings %d\n",nberr,nbwarn);
+       fputs(line,stdout);
-   }else{
+       fputs(line,ficparo);
-     printf("End of Imach\n");
+     }
-     fprintf(ficlog,"End of Imach\n");
+     ungetc(c,ficpar);
-   }
-   printf("See log file on %s\n",filelog);
-   /*  gettimeofday(&end_time, (struct timezone*)0);*/  /* after time */
+     dateprev1=anprev1+(mprev1-1)/12.+(jprev1-1)/365.;
-   (void) gettimeofday(&end_time,&tzp);
+     dateprev2=anprev2+(mprev2-1)/12.+(jprev2-1)/365.;
-   tm = *localtime(&end_time.tv_sec);
-   tmg = *gmtime(&end_time.tv_sec);
+     fscanf(ficpar,"pop_based=%d\n",&popbased);
-   strcpy(strtend,asctime(&tm));
+     fprintf(ficparo,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);
-   printf("Local time at start %s\nLocal time at end   %s",strstart, strtend);
+     fprintf(ficres,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Local time at start %s\nLocal time at end   %s\n",strstart, strtend);
-   printf("Total time used %s\n", asc_diff_time(end_time.tv_sec -start_time.tv_sec,tmpout));
+     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
+       ungetc(c,ficpar);
-   printf("Total time was %d Sec.\n", end_time.tv_sec -start_time.tv_sec);
+       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Total time used %s\n", asc_diff_time(end_time.tv_sec -start_time.tv_sec,tmpout));
+       fputs(line,stdout);
-   fprintf(ficlog,"Total time was %d Sec.\n", end_time.tv_sec -start_time.tv_sec);
+       fputs(line,ficparo);
-   /*  printf("Total time was %d uSec.\n", total_usecs);*/
+     }
- /*   if(fileappend(fichtm,optionfilehtm)){ */
+     ungetc(c,ficpar);
-   fprintf(fichtm,"<br>Local time at start %s<br>Local time at end   %s<br>\n</body></html>",strstart, strtend);
-   fclose(fichtm);
+     fscanf(ficpar,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf final-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mobil_average=%d\n",&prevfcast,&jproj1,&mproj1,&anproj1,&jproj2,&mproj2,&anproj2,&mobilavproj);
-   fprintf(fichtmcov,"<br>Local time at start %s<br>Local time at end   %s<br>\n</body></html>",strstart, strtend);
+     fprintf(ficparo,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
-   fclose(fichtmcov);
+     printf("prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
-   fclose(ficgp);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
-   fclose(ficlog);
+     fprintf(ficres,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
-   /*------ End -----------*/
+     /* day and month of proj2 are not used but only year anproj2.*/
-    printf("Before Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
-    if(chdir(pathcd) != 0)
+     /*  freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint);*/
-     printf("Can't move to directory %s!\n",path);
+     /*,dateprev1,dateprev2,jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2);*/
-   if(getcwd(pathcd,MAXLINE) > 0)
-     printf("Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
+     replace_back_to_slash(pathc,pathcd); /* Even gnuplot wants a / */
-   /*strcat(plotcmd,CHARSEPARATOR);*/
+     printinggnuplot(fileres, optionfilefiname,ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, pathc,p);
-   sprintf(plotcmd,"gnuplot");
- #ifndef UNIX
+     printinghtml(fileres,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, stepm, weightopt,\
-   sprintf(plotcmd,"\"%sgnuplot.exe\"",pathimach);
+                  model,imx,jmin,jmax,jmean,rfileres,popforecast,estepm,\
- #endif
+                  jprev1,mprev1,anprev1,jprev2,mprev2,anprev2);
-   if(!stat(plotcmd,&info)){
-     printf("Error gnuplot program not found: %s\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
+    /*------------ free_vector  -------------*/
-     if(!stat(getenv("GNUPLOTBIN"),&info)){
+    /*  chdir(path); */
-       printf("Error gnuplot program not found: %s Environment GNUPLOTBIN not set.\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
-     }else
+     free_ivector(wav,1,imx);
-       strcpy(pplotcmd,plotcmd);
+     free_imatrix(dh,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
- #ifdef UNIX
+     free_imatrix(bh,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
-     strcpy(plotcmd,GNUPLOTPROGRAM);
+     free_imatrix(mw,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
-     if(!stat(plotcmd,&info)){
+     free_lvector(num,1,n);
-       printf("Error gnuplot program not found: %s\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
+     free_vector(agedc,1,n);
-     }else
+     /*free_matrix(covar,0,NCOVMAX,1,n);*/
-       strcpy(pplotcmd,plotcmd);
+     /*free_matrix(covar,1,NCOVMAX,1,n);*/
- #endif
+     fclose(ficparo);
-   }else
+     fclose(ficres);
-     strcpy(pplotcmd,plotcmd);
-   sprintf(plotcmd,"%s %s",pplotcmd, optionfilegnuplot);
+     /*--------------- Prevalence limit  (period or stable prevalence) --------------*/
-   printf("Starting graphs with: %s\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
+     strcpy(filerespl,"pl");
-   if((outcmd=system(plotcmd)) != 0){
+     strcat(filerespl,fileres);
-     printf("\n Problem with gnuplot\n");
+     if((ficrespl=fopen(filerespl,"w"))==NULL) {
-   }
+       printf("Problem with period (stable) prevalence resultfile: %s\n", filerespl);goto end;
-   printf(" Wait...");
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with period (stable) prevalence resultfile: %s\n", filerespl);goto end;
-   while (z[0] != 'q') {
+     }
-     /* chdir(path); */
+     printf("Computing period (stable) prevalence: result on file '%s' \n", filerespl);
-     printf("\nType e to edit output files, g to graph again and q for exiting: ");
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing period (stable) prevalence: result on file '%s' \n", filerespl);
-     scanf("%s",z);
+     pstamp(ficrespl);
- /*     if (z[0] == 'c') system("./imach"); */
+     fprintf(ficrespl,"# Period (stable) prevalence \n");
-     if (z[0] == 'e') {
+     fprintf(ficrespl,"#Age ");
-       printf("Starting browser with: %s",optionfilehtm);fflush(stdout);
+     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrespl,"%d-%d ",i,i);
-       system(optionfilehtm);
+     fprintf(ficrespl,"\n");
-     }
-     else if (z[0] == 'g') system(plotcmd);
+     prlim=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
-     else if (z[0] == 'q') exit(0);
-   }
+     agebase=ageminpar;
-   end:
+     agelim=agemaxpar;
-   while (z[0] != 'q') {
+     ftolpl=1.e-10;
-     printf("\nType  q for exiting: ");
+     i1=cptcoveff;
-     scanf("%s",z);
+     if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
-   }
- }
+     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
+       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
+         k=k+1;
+         /* to clean */
+         printf("cptcov=%d cptcod=%d codtab=%d nbcode=%d\n",cptcov, cptcod,codtab[cptcod][cptcov],nbcode);
+         fprintf(ficrespl,"\n#******");
+         printf("\n#******");
+         fprintf(ficlog,"\n#******");
+         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+           fprintf(ficrespl," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+           printf(" V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+           fprintf(ficlog," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+         }
+         fprintf(ficrespl,"******\n");
+         printf("******\n");
+         fprintf(ficlog,"******\n");
+         for (age=agebase; age<=agelim; age++){
+           prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm,ftolpl,k);
+           fprintf(ficrespl,"%.0f ",age );
+           for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+             fprintf(ficrespl,"%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+             fprintf(ficrespl," %.5f", prlim[i][i]);
+           fprintf(ficrespl,"\n");
+         }
+       }
+     }
+     fclose(ficrespl);
+     /*------------- h Pij x at various ages ------------*/
+     strcpy(filerespij,"pij");  strcat(filerespij,fileres);
+     if((ficrespij=fopen(filerespij,"w"))==NULL) {
+       printf("Problem with Pij resultfile: %s\n", filerespij);goto end;
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Pij resultfile: %s\n", filerespij);goto end;
+     }
+     printf("Computing pij: result on file '%s' \n", filerespij);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing pij: result on file '%s' \n", filerespij);
+     stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
+     /*if (stepm<=24) stepsize=2;*/
+     agelim=AGESUP;
+     hstepm=stepsize*YEARM; /* Every year of age */
+     hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */
+     /* hstepm=1;   aff par mois*/
+     pstamp(ficrespij);
+     fprintf(ficrespij,"#****** h Pij x Probability to be in state j at age x+h being in i at x ");
+     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
+       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
+         k=k+1;
+         fprintf(ficrespij,"\n#****** ");
+         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+           fprintf(ficrespij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+         fprintf(ficrespij,"******\n");
+         for (agedeb=fage; agedeb>=bage; agedeb--){ /* If stepm=6 months */
+           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */
+           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */
+           /*      nhstepm=nhstepm*YEARM; aff par mois*/
+           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);
+           fprintf(ficrespij,"# Cov Agex agex+h hpijx with i,j=");
+           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+               fprintf(ficrespij," %1d-%1d",i,j);
+           fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
+           for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
+             fprintf(ficrespij,"%d %3.f %3.f",k,agedeb, agedeb+ h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm );
+             for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+               for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
+                 fprintf(ficrespij," %.5f", p3mat[i][j][h]);
+             fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
+           }
+           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
+           fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
+         }
+       }
+     }
+     varprob(optionfilefiname, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, bage, fage,k,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax,strstart);
+     fclose(ficrespij);
+     probs= ma3x(1,AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+     for(i=1;i<=AGESUP;i++)
+       for(j=1;j<=NCOVMAX;j++)
+         for(k=1;k<=NCOVMAX;k++)
+           probs[i][j][k]=0.;
+     /*---------- Forecasting ------------------*/
+     /*if((stepm == 1) && (strcmp(model,".")==0)){*/
+     if(prevfcast==1){
+       /*    if(stepm ==1){*/
+       prevforecast(fileres, anproj1, mproj1, jproj1, agemin, agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2, mobilavproj, bage, fage, firstpass, lastpass, anproj2, p, cptcoveff);
+       /* (popforecast==1) populforecast(fileres, anpyram,mpyram,jpyram, agemin,agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2,mobilav, agedeb, fage, popforecast, popfile, anpyram1,p, i1);*/
+       /*      }  */
+       /*      else{ */
+       /*        erreur=108; */
+       /*        printf("Warning %d!! You can only forecast the prevalences if the optimization\n  has been performed with stepm = 1 (month) instead of %d or model=. instead of '%s'\n", erreur, stepm, model); */
+       /*        fprintf(ficlog,"Warning %d!! You can only forecast the prevalences if the optimization\n  has been performed with stepm = 1 (month) instead of %d or model=. instead of '%s'\n", erreur, stepm, model); */
+       /*      } */
+     }
+     /* Computes prevalence between agemin (i.e minimal age computed) and no more ageminpar */
+     prevalence(probs, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
+     /*  printf("ageminpar=%f, agemax=%f, s[lastpass][imx]=%d, agev[lastpass][imx]=%f, nlstate=%d, imx=%d,  mint[lastpass][imx]=%f, anint[lastpass][imx]=%f,dateprev1=%f, dateprev2=%f, firstpass=%d, lastpass=%d\n",\
+         ageminpar, agemax, s[lastpass][imx], agev[lastpass][imx], nlstate, imx, mint[lastpass][imx],anint[lastpass][imx], dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
+     */
+     if (mobilav!=0) {
+       mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+       if (movingaverage(probs, bage, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
+         fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+         printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
+       }
+     }
+     /*---------- Health expectancies, no variances ------------*/
+     strcpy(filerese,"e");
+     strcat(filerese,fileres);
+     if((ficreseij=fopen(filerese,"w"))==NULL) {
+       printf("Problem with Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerese); exit(0);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerese); exit(0);
+     }
+     printf("Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerese);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerese);
+     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
+       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
+         k=k+1;
+         fprintf(ficreseij,"\n#****** ");
+         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+           fprintf(ficreseij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+         }
+         fprintf(ficreseij,"******\n");
+         eij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
+         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+         evsij(eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, strstart);
+         free_ma3x(eij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+       }
+     }
+     fclose(ficreseij);
+     /*---------- Health expectancies and variances ------------*/
+     strcpy(filerest,"t");
+     strcat(filerest,fileres);
+     if((ficrest=fopen(filerest,"w"))==NULL) {
+       printf("Problem with total LE resultfile: %s\n", filerest);goto end;
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with total LE resultfile: %s\n", filerest);goto end;
+     }
+     printf("Computing Total Life expectancies with their standard errors: file '%s' \n", filerest);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Total Life expectancies with their standard errors: file '%s' \n", filerest);
+     strcpy(fileresstde,"stde");
+     strcat(fileresstde,fileres);
+     if((ficresstdeij=fopen(fileresstde,"w"))==NULL) {
+       printf("Problem with Health Exp. and std errors resultfile: %s\n", fileresstde); exit(0);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Health Exp. and std errors resultfile: %s\n", fileresstde); exit(0);
+     }
+     printf("Computing Health Expectancies and standard errors: result on file '%s' \n", fileresstde);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Health Expectancies and standard errors: result on file '%s' \n", fileresstde);
+     strcpy(filerescve,"cve");
+     strcat(filerescve,fileres);
+     if((ficrescveij=fopen(filerescve,"w"))==NULL) {
+       printf("Problem with Covar. Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerescve); exit(0);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Covar. Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerescve); exit(0);
+     }
+     printf("Computing Covar. of Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerescve);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Covar. of Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerescve);
+     strcpy(fileresv,"v");
+     strcat(fileresv,fileres);
+     if((ficresvij=fopen(fileresv,"w"))==NULL) {
+       printf("Problem with variance resultfile: %s\n", fileresv);exit(0);
+       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with variance resultfile: %s\n", fileresv);exit(0);
+     }
+     printf("Computing Variance-covariance of DFLEs: file '%s' \n", fileresv);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Variance-covariance of DFLEs: file '%s' \n", fileresv);
+     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
+       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
+         k=k+1;
+         fprintf(ficrest,"\n#****** ");
+         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+           fprintf(ficrest,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+         fprintf(ficrest,"******\n");
+         fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n#****** ");
+         fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n#****** ");
+         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
+           fprintf(ficresstdeij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+           fprintf(ficrescveij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+         }
+         fprintf(ficresstdeij,"******\n");
+         fprintf(ficrescveij,"******\n");
+         fprintf(ficresvij,"\n#****** ");
+         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+           fprintf(ficresvij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+         fprintf(ficresvij,"******\n");
+         eij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
+         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+         cvevsij(eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, delti, matcov, strstart);
+         vareij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
+         pstamp(ficrest);
+         for(vpopbased=0; vpopbased <= popbased; vpopbased++){ /* Done for vpopbased=0 and vpopbased=1 if popbased==1*/
+           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+           varevsij(optionfilefiname, vareij, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k, estepm, cptcov,cptcod,vpopbased,mobilav, strstart);   fprintf(ficrest,"# Total life expectancy with std error and decomposition into time to be expected in each health state\n#  (weighted average of eij where weights are ");
+           if(vpopbased==1)
+             fprintf(ficrest,"the age specific prevalence observed (cross-sectionally) in the population i.e cross-sectionally\n in each health state (popbased=1) (mobilav=%d)\n",mobilav);
+           else
+             fprintf(ficrest,"the age specific period (stable) prevalences in each health state \n");
+           fprintf(ficrest,"# Age e.. (std) ");
+           for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrest,"e.%d (std) ",i);
+           fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
+           epj=vector(1,nlstate+1);
+           for(age=bage; age <=fage ;age++){
+             prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm,ftolpl,k);
+             if (vpopbased==1) {
+               if(mobilav ==0){
+                 for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+                   prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][k];
+               }else{ /* mobilav */
+                 for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
+                   prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][k];
+               }
+             }
+             fprintf(ficrest," %4.0f",age);
+             for(j=1, epj[nlstate+1]=0.;j <=nlstate;j++){
+               for(i=1, epj[j]=0.;i <=nlstate;i++) {
+                 epj[j] += prlim[i][i]*eij[i][j][(int)age];
+                 /*  printf("%lf %lf ", prlim[i][i] ,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
+               }
+               epj[nlstate+1] +=epj[j];
+             }
+             for(i=1, vepp=0.;i <=nlstate;i++)
+               for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++)
+                 vepp += vareij[i][j][(int)age];
+             fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[nlstate+1],sqrt(vepp));
+             for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++){
+               fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[j],sqrt(vareij[j][j][(int)age]));
+             }
+             fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
+           }
+         }
+         free_ma3x(eij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+         free_ma3x(vareij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+         free_vector(epj,1,nlstate+1);
+       }
+     }
+     free_vector(weight,1,n);
+     free_imatrix(Tvard,1,15,1,2);
+     free_imatrix(s,1,maxwav+1,1,n);
+     free_matrix(anint,1,maxwav,1,n);
+     free_matrix(mint,1,maxwav,1,n);
+     free_ivector(cod,1,n);
+     free_ivector(tab,1,NCOVMAX);
+     fclose(ficresstdeij);
+     fclose(ficrescveij);
+     fclose(ficresvij);
+     fclose(ficrest);
+     fclose(ficpar);
+     /*------- Variance of period (stable) prevalence------*/
+     strcpy(fileresvpl,"vpl");
+     strcat(fileresvpl,fileres);
+     if((ficresvpl=fopen(fileresvpl,"w"))==NULL) {
+       printf("Problem with variance of period (stable) prevalence  resultfile: %s\n", fileresvpl);
+       exit(0);
+     }
+     printf("Computing Variance-covariance of period (stable) prevalence: file '%s' \n", fileresvpl);
+     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
+       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
+         k=k+1;
+         fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n#****** ");
+         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
+           fprintf(ficresvpl,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
+         fprintf(ficresvpl,"******\n");
+         varpl=matrix(1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
+         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
+         varprevlim(fileres, varpl, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k,strstart);
+         free_matrix(varpl,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
+       }
+     }
+     fclose(ficresvpl);
+     /*---------- End : free ----------------*/
+     if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+     free_ma3x(probs,1,AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
+   }  /* mle==-3 arrives here for freeing */
+  endfree:
+     free_matrix(prlim,1,nlstate,1,nlstate); /*here or after loop ? */
+     free_matrix(pmmij,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
+     free_matrix(oldms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
+     free_matrix(newms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
+     free_matrix(savms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
+     free_matrix(covar,0,NCOVMAX,1,n);
+     free_matrix(matcov,1,npar,1,npar);
+     /*free_vector(delti,1,npar);*/
+     free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
+     free_matrix(agev,1,maxwav,1,imx);
+     free_ma3x(param,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
+     free_ivector(ncodemax,1,8);
+     free_ivector(Tvar,1,15);
+     free_ivector(Tprod,1,15);
+     free_ivector(Tvaraff,1,15);
+     free_ivector(Tage,1,15);
+     free_imatrix(nbcode,0,NCOVMAX,0,NCOVMAX);
+     free_imatrix(codtab,1,100,1,10);
+   fflush(fichtm);
+   fflush(ficgp);
+   if((nberr >0) || (nbwarn>0)){
+     printf("End of Imach with %d errors and/or %d warnings\n",nberr,nbwarn);
+     fprintf(ficlog,"End of Imach with %d errors and/or warnings %d\n",nberr,nbwarn);
+   }else{
+     printf("End of Imach\n");
+     fprintf(ficlog,"End of Imach\n");
+   }
+   printf("See log file on %s\n",filelog);
+   /*  gettimeofday(&end_time, (struct timezone*)0);*/  /* after time */
+   (void) gettimeofday(&end_time,&tzp);
+   tm = *localtime(&end_time.tv_sec);
+   tmg = *gmtime(&end_time.tv_sec);
+   strcpy(strtend,asctime(&tm));
+   printf("Local time at start %s\nLocal time at end   %s",strstart, strtend);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Local time at start %s\nLocal time at end   %s\n",strstart, strtend);
+   printf("Total time used %s\n", asc_diff_time(end_time.tv_sec -start_time.tv_sec,tmpout));
+   printf("Total time was %ld Sec.\n", end_time.tv_sec -start_time.tv_sec);
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Total time used %s\n", asc_diff_time(end_time.tv_sec -start_time.tv_sec,tmpout));
+   fprintf(ficlog,"Total time was %ld Sec.\n", end_time.tv_sec -start_time.tv_sec);
+   /*  printf("Total time was %d uSec.\n", total_usecs);*/
+ /*   if(fileappend(fichtm,optionfilehtm)){ */
+   fprintf(fichtm,"<br>Local time at start %s<br>Local time at end   %s<br>\n</body></html>",strstart, strtend);
+   fclose(fichtm);
+   fprintf(fichtmcov,"<br>Local time at start %s<br>Local time at end   %s<br>\n</body></html>",strstart, strtend);
+   fclose(fichtmcov);
+   fclose(ficgp);
+   fclose(ficlog);
+   /*------ End -----------*/
+    printf("Before Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
+    if(chdir(pathcd) != 0)
+     printf("Can't move to directory %s!\n",path);
+   if(getcwd(pathcd,MAXLINE) > 0)
+     printf("Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
+   /*strcat(plotcmd,CHARSEPARATOR);*/
+   sprintf(plotcmd,"gnuplot");
+ #ifndef UNIX
+   sprintf(plotcmd,"\"%sgnuplot.exe\"",pathimach);
+ #endif
+   if(!stat(plotcmd,&info)){
+     printf("Error gnuplot program not found: %s\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
+     if(!stat(getenv("GNUPLOTBIN"),&info)){
+       printf("Error gnuplot program not found: %s Environment GNUPLOTBIN not set.\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
+     }else
+       strcpy(pplotcmd,plotcmd);
+ #ifdef UNIX
+     strcpy(plotcmd,GNUPLOTPROGRAM);
+     if(!stat(plotcmd,&info)){
+       printf("Error gnuplot program not found: %s\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
+     }else
+       strcpy(pplotcmd,plotcmd);
+ #endif
+   }else
+     strcpy(pplotcmd,plotcmd);
+   sprintf(plotcmd,"%s %s",pplotcmd, optionfilegnuplot);
+   printf("Starting graphs with: %s\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
+   if((outcmd=system(plotcmd)) != 0){
+     printf("\n Problem with gnuplot\n");
+   }
+   printf(" Wait...");
+   while (z[0] != 'q') {
+     /* chdir(path); */
+     printf("\nType e to edit output files, g to graph again and q for exiting: ");
+     scanf("%s",z);
+ /*     if (z[0] == 'c') system("./imach"); */
+     if (z[0] == 'e') {
+       printf("Starting browser with: %s",optionfilehtm);fflush(stdout);
+       system(optionfilehtm);
+     }
+     else if (z[0] == 'g') system(plotcmd);
+     else if (z[0] == 'q') exit(0);
+   }
+   end:
+   while (z[0] != 'q') {
+     printf("\nType  q for exiting: ");
+     scanf("%s",z);
+   }
+ }

FreeBSD-CVSweb <freebsd-cvsweb@FreeBSD.org>

Removed from v.1.125
changed lines
	Added in v.1.142