File:  [Local Repository] / imach / src / imach.c
Revision 1.187: download - view: text, annotated - select for diffs
Wed Apr 29 09:11:15 2015 UTC (9 years, 1 month ago) by brouard
Branches: MAIN
CVS tags: HEAD
*** empty log message ***

    1: /* $Id: imach.c,v 1.187 2015/04/29 09:11:15 brouard Exp $
    2:   $State: Exp $
    3:   $Log: imach.c,v $
    4:   Revision 1.187  2015/04/29 09:11:15  brouard
    5:   *** empty log message ***
    6: 
    7:   Revision 1.186  2015/04/23 12:01:52  brouard
    8:   Summary: V1*age is working now, version 0.98q1
    9: 
   10:   Some codes had been disabled in order to simplify and Vn*age was
   11:   working in the optimization phase, ie, giving correct MLE parameters,
   12:   but, as usual, outputs were not correct and program core dumped.
   13: 
   14:   Revision 1.185  2015/03/11 13:26:42  brouard
   15:   Summary: Inclusion of compile and links command line for Intel Compiler
   16: 
   17:   Revision 1.184  2015/03/11 11:52:39  brouard
   18:   Summary: Back from Windows 8. Intel Compiler
   19: 
   20:   Revision 1.183  2015/03/10 20:34:32  brouard
   21:   Summary: 0.98q0, trying with directest, mnbrak fixed
   22: 
   23:   We use directest instead of original Powell test; probably no
   24:   incidence on the results, but better justifications;
   25:   We fixed Numerical Recipes mnbrak routine which was wrong and gave
   26:   wrong results.
   27: 
   28:   Revision 1.182  2015/02/12 08:19:57  brouard
   29:   Summary: Trying to keep directest which seems simpler and more general
   30:   Author: Nicolas Brouard
   31: 
   32:   Revision 1.181  2015/02/11 23:22:24  brouard
   33:   Summary: Comments on Powell added
   34: 
   35:   Author:
   36: 
   37:   Revision 1.180  2015/02/11 17:33:45  brouard
   38:   Summary: Finishing move from main to function (hpijx and prevalence_limit)
   39: 
   40:   Revision 1.179  2015/01/04 09:57:06  brouard
   41:   Summary: back to OS/X
   42: 
   43:   Revision 1.178  2015/01/04 09:35:48  brouard
   44:   *** empty log message ***
   45: 
   46:   Revision 1.177  2015/01/03 18:40:56  brouard
   47:   Summary: Still testing ilc32 on OSX
   48: 
   49:   Revision 1.176  2015/01/03 16:45:04  brouard
   50:   *** empty log message ***
   51: 
   52:   Revision 1.175  2015/01/03 16:33:42  brouard
   53:   *** empty log message ***
   54: 
   55:   Revision 1.174  2015/01/03 16:15:49  brouard
   56:   Summary: Still in cross-compilation
   57: 
   58:   Revision 1.173  2015/01/03 12:06:26  brouard
   59:   Summary: trying to detect cross-compilation
   60: 
   61:   Revision 1.172  2014/12/27 12:07:47  brouard
   62:   Summary: Back from Visual Studio and Intel, options for compiling for Windows XP
   63: 
   64:   Revision 1.171  2014/12/23 13:26:59  brouard
   65:   Summary: Back from Visual C
   66: 
   67:   Still problem with utsname.h on Windows
   68: 
   69:   Revision 1.170  2014/12/23 11:17:12  brouard
   70:   Summary: Cleaning some \%% back to %%
   71: 
   72:   The escape was mandatory for a specific compiler (which one?), but too many warnings.
   73: 
   74:   Revision 1.169  2014/12/22 23:08:31  brouard
   75:   Summary: 0.98p
   76: 
   77:   Outputs some informations on compiler used, OS etc. Testing on different platforms.
   78: 
   79:   Revision 1.168  2014/12/22 15:17:42  brouard
   80:   Summary: update
   81: 
   82:   Revision 1.167  2014/12/22 13:50:56  brouard
   83:   Summary: Testing uname and compiler version and if compiled 32 or 64
   84: 
   85:   Testing on Linux 64
   86: 
   87:   Revision 1.166  2014/12/22 11:40:47  brouard
   88:   *** empty log message ***
   89: 
   90:   Revision 1.165  2014/12/16 11:20:36  brouard
   91:   Summary: After compiling on Visual C
   92: 
   93:   * imach.c (Module): Merging 1.61 to 1.162
   94: 
   95:   Revision 1.164  2014/12/16 10:52:11  brouard
   96:   Summary: Merging with Visual C after suppressing some warnings for unused variables. Also fixing Saito's bug 0.98Xn
   97: 
   98:   * imach.c (Module): Merging 1.61 to 1.162
   99: 
  100:   Revision 1.163  2014/12/16 10:30:11  brouard
  101:   * imach.c (Module): Merging 1.61 to 1.162
  102: 
  103:   Revision 1.162  2014/09/25 11:43:39  brouard
  104:   Summary: temporary backup 0.99!
  105: 
  106:   Revision 1.1  2014/09/16 11:06:58  brouard
  107:   Summary: With some code (wrong) for nlopt
  108: 
  109:   Author:
  110: 
  111:   Revision 1.161  2014/09/15 20:41:41  brouard
  112:   Summary: Problem with macro SQR on Intel compiler
  113: 
  114:   Revision 1.160  2014/09/02 09:24:05  brouard
  115:   *** empty log message ***
  116: 
  117:   Revision 1.159  2014/09/01 10:34:10  brouard
  118:   Summary: WIN32
  119:   Author: Brouard
  120: 
  121:   Revision 1.158  2014/08/27 17:11:51  brouard
  122:   *** empty log message ***
  123: 
  124:   Revision 1.157  2014/08/27 16:26:55  brouard
  125:   Summary: Preparing windows Visual studio version
  126:   Author: Brouard
  127: 
  128:   In order to compile on Visual studio, time.h is now correct and time_t
  129:   and tm struct should be used. difftime should be used but sometimes I
  130:   just make the differences in raw time format (time(&now).
  131:   Trying to suppress #ifdef LINUX
  132:   Add xdg-open for __linux in order to open default browser.
  133: 
  134:   Revision 1.156  2014/08/25 20:10:10  brouard
  135:   *** empty log message ***
  136: 
  137:   Revision 1.155  2014/08/25 18:32:34  brouard
  138:   Summary: New compile, minor changes
  139:   Author: Brouard
  140: 
  141:   Revision 1.154  2014/06/20 17:32:08  brouard
  142:   Summary: Outputs now all graphs of convergence to period prevalence
  143: 
  144:   Revision 1.153  2014/06/20 16:45:46  brouard
  145:   Summary: If 3 live state, convergence to period prevalence on same graph
  146:   Author: Brouard
  147: 
  148:   Revision 1.152  2014/06/18 17:54:09  brouard
  149:   Summary: open browser, use gnuplot on same dir than imach if not found in the path
  150: 
  151:   Revision 1.151  2014/06/18 16:43:30  brouard
  152:   *** empty log message ***
  153: 
  154:   Revision 1.150  2014/06/18 16:42:35  brouard
  155:   Summary: If gnuplot is not in the path try on same directory than imach binary (OSX)
  156:   Author: brouard
  157: 
  158:   Revision 1.149  2014/06/18 15:51:14  brouard
  159:   Summary: Some fixes in parameter files errors
  160:   Author: Nicolas Brouard
  161: 
  162:   Revision 1.148  2014/06/17 17:38:48  brouard
  163:   Summary: Nothing new
  164:   Author: Brouard
  165: 
  166:   Just a new packaging for OS/X version 0.98nS
  167: 
  168:   Revision 1.147  2014/06/16 10:33:11  brouard
  169:   *** empty log message ***
  170: 
  171:   Revision 1.146  2014/06/16 10:20:28  brouard
  172:   Summary: Merge
  173:   Author: Brouard
  174: 
  175:   Merge, before building revised version.
  176: 
  177:   Revision 1.145  2014/06/10 21:23:15  brouard
  178:   Summary: Debugging with valgrind
  179:   Author: Nicolas Brouard
  180: 
  181:   Lot of changes in order to output the results with some covariates
  182:   After the Edimburgh REVES conference 2014, it seems mandatory to
  183:   improve the code.
  184:   No more memory valgrind error but a lot has to be done in order to
  185:   continue the work of splitting the code into subroutines.
  186:   Also, decodemodel has been improved. Tricode is still not
  187:   optimal. nbcode should be improved. Documentation has been added in
  188:   the source code.
  189: 
  190:   Revision 1.143  2014/01/26 09:45:38  brouard
  191:   Summary: Version 0.98nR (to be improved, but gives same optimization results as 0.98k. Nice, promising
  192: 
  193:   * imach.c (Module): Trying to merge old staffs together while being at Tokyo. Not tested...
  194:   (Module): Version 0.98nR Running ok, but output format still only works for three covariates.
  195: 
  196:   Revision 1.142  2014/01/26 03:57:36  brouard
  197:   Summary: gnuplot changed plot w l 1 has to be changed to plot w l lt 2
  198: 
  199:   * imach.c (Module): Trying to merge old staffs together while being at Tokyo. Not tested...
  200: 
  201:   Revision 1.141  2014/01/26 02:42:01  brouard
  202:   * imach.c (Module): Trying to merge old staffs together while being at Tokyo. Not tested...
  203: 
  204:   Revision 1.140  2011/09/02 10:37:54  brouard
  205:   Summary: times.h is ok with mingw32 now.
  206: 
  207:   Revision 1.139  2010/06/14 07:50:17  brouard
  208:   After the theft of my laptop, I probably lost some lines of codes which were not uploaded to the CVS tree.
  209:   I remember having already fixed agemin agemax which are pointers now but not cvs saved.
  210: 
  211:   Revision 1.138  2010/04/30 18:19:40  brouard
  212:   *** empty log message ***
  213: 
  214:   Revision 1.137  2010/04/29 18:11:38  brouard
  215:   (Module): Checking covariates for more complex models
  216:   than V1+V2. A lot of change to be done. Unstable.
  217: 
  218:   Revision 1.136  2010/04/26 20:30:53  brouard
  219:   (Module): merging some libgsl code. Fixing computation
  220:   of likelione (using inter/intrapolation if mle = 0) in order to
  221:   get same likelihood as if mle=1.
  222:   Some cleaning of code and comments added.
  223: 
  224:   Revision 1.135  2009/10/29 15:33:14  brouard
  225:   (Module): Now imach stops if date of birth, at least year of birth, is not given. Some cleaning of the code.
  226: 
  227:   Revision 1.134  2009/10/29 13:18:53  brouard
  228:   (Module): Now imach stops if date of birth, at least year of birth, is not given. Some cleaning of the code.
  229: 
  230:   Revision 1.133  2009/07/06 10:21:25  brouard
  231:   just nforces
  232: 
  233:   Revision 1.132  2009/07/06 08:22:05  brouard
  234:   Many tings
  235: 
  236:   Revision 1.131  2009/06/20 16:22:47  brouard
  237:   Some dimensions resccaled
  238: 
  239:   Revision 1.130  2009/05/26 06:44:34  brouard
  240:   (Module): Max Covariate is now set to 20 instead of 8. A
  241:   lot of cleaning with variables initialized to 0. Trying to make
  242:   V2+V3*age+V1+V4 strb=V3*age+V1+V4 working better.
  243: 
  244:   Revision 1.129  2007/08/31 13:49:27  lievre
  245:   Modification of the way of exiting when the covariate is not binary in order to see on the window the error message before exiting
  246: 
  247:   Revision 1.128  2006/06/30 13:02:05  brouard
  248:   (Module): Clarifications on computing e.j
  249: 
  250:   Revision 1.127  2006/04/28 18:11:50  brouard
  251:   (Module): Yes the sum of survivors was wrong since
  252:   imach-114 because nhstepm was no more computed in the age
  253:   loop. Now we define nhstepma in the age loop.
  254:   (Module): In order to speed up (in case of numerous covariates) we
  255:   compute health expectancies (without variances) in a first step
  256:   and then all the health expectancies with variances or standard
  257:   deviation (needs data from the Hessian matrices) which slows the
  258:   computation.
  259:   In the future we should be able to stop the program is only health
  260:   expectancies and graph are needed without standard deviations.
  261: 
  262:   Revision 1.126  2006/04/28 17:23:28  brouard
  263:   (Module): Yes the sum of survivors was wrong since
  264:   imach-114 because nhstepm was no more computed in the age
  265:   loop. Now we define nhstepma in the age loop.
  266:   Version 0.98h
  267: 
  268:   Revision 1.125  2006/04/04 15:20:31  lievre
  269:   Errors in calculation of health expectancies. Age was not initialized.
  270:   Forecasting file added.
  271: 
  272:   Revision 1.124  2006/03/22 17:13:53  lievre
  273:   Parameters are printed with %lf instead of %f (more numbers after the comma).
  274:   The log-likelihood is printed in the log file
  275: 
  276:   Revision 1.123  2006/03/20 10:52:43  brouard
  277:   * imach.c (Module): <title> changed, corresponds to .htm file
  278:   name. <head> headers where missing.
  279: 
  280:   * imach.c (Module): Weights can have a decimal point as for
  281:   English (a comma might work with a correct LC_NUMERIC environment,
  282:   otherwise the weight is truncated).
  283:   Modification of warning when the covariates values are not 0 or
  284:   1.
  285:   Version 0.98g
  286: 
  287:   Revision 1.122  2006/03/20 09:45:41  brouard
  288:   (Module): Weights can have a decimal point as for
  289:   English (a comma might work with a correct LC_NUMERIC environment,
  290:   otherwise the weight is truncated).
  291:   Modification of warning when the covariates values are not 0 or
  292:   1.
  293:   Version 0.98g
  294: 
  295:   Revision 1.121  2006/03/16 17:45:01  lievre
  296:   * imach.c (Module): Comments concerning covariates added
  297: 
  298:   * imach.c (Module): refinements in the computation of lli if
  299:   status=-2 in order to have more reliable computation if stepm is
  300:   not 1 month. Version 0.98f
  301: 
  302:   Revision 1.120  2006/03/16 15:10:38  lievre
  303:   (Module): refinements in the computation of lli if
  304:   status=-2 in order to have more reliable computation if stepm is
  305:   not 1 month. Version 0.98f
  306: 
  307:   Revision 1.119  2006/03/15 17:42:26  brouard
  308:   (Module): Bug if status = -2, the loglikelihood was
  309:   computed as likelihood omitting the logarithm. Version O.98e
  310: 
  311:   Revision 1.118  2006/03/14 18:20:07  brouard
  312:   (Module): varevsij Comments added explaining the second
  313:   table of variances if popbased=1 .
  314:   (Module): Covariances of eij, ekl added, graphs fixed, new html link.
  315:   (Module): Function pstamp added
  316:   (Module): Version 0.98d
  317: 
  318:   Revision 1.117  2006/03/14 17:16:22  brouard
  319:   (Module): varevsij Comments added explaining the second
  320:   table of variances if popbased=1 .
  321:   (Module): Covariances of eij, ekl added, graphs fixed, new html link.
  322:   (Module): Function pstamp added
  323:   (Module): Version 0.98d
  324: 
  325:   Revision 1.116  2006/03/06 10:29:27  brouard
  326:   (Module): Variance-covariance wrong links and
  327:   varian-covariance of ej. is needed (Saito).
  328: 
  329:   Revision 1.115  2006/02/27 12:17:45  brouard
  330:   (Module): One freematrix added in mlikeli! 0.98c
  331: 
  332:   Revision 1.114  2006/02/26 12:57:58  brouard
  333:   (Module): Some improvements in processing parameter
  334:   filename with strsep.
  335: 
  336:   Revision 1.113  2006/02/24 14:20:24  brouard
  337:   (Module): Memory leaks checks with valgrind and:
  338:   datafile was not closed, some imatrix were not freed and on matrix
  339:   allocation too.
  340: 
  341:   Revision 1.112  2006/01/30 09:55:26  brouard
  342:   (Module): Back to gnuplot.exe instead of wgnuplot.exe
  343: 
  344:   Revision 1.111  2006/01/25 20:38:18  brouard
  345:   (Module): Lots of cleaning and bugs added (Gompertz)
  346:   (Module): Comments can be added in data file. Missing date values
  347:   can be a simple dot '.'.
  348: 
  349:   Revision 1.110  2006/01/25 00:51:50  brouard
  350:   (Module): Lots of cleaning and bugs added (Gompertz)
  351: 
  352:   Revision 1.109  2006/01/24 19:37:15  brouard
  353:   (Module): Comments (lines starting with a #) are allowed in data.
  354: 
  355:   Revision 1.108  2006/01/19 18:05:42  lievre
  356:   Gnuplot problem appeared...
  357:   To be fixed
  358: 
  359:   Revision 1.107  2006/01/19 16:20:37  brouard
  360:   Test existence of gnuplot in imach path
  361: 
  362:   Revision 1.106  2006/01/19 13:24:36  brouard
  363:   Some cleaning and links added in html output
  364: 
  365:   Revision 1.105  2006/01/05 20:23:19  lievre
  366:   *** empty log message ***
  367: 
  368:   Revision 1.104  2005/09/30 16:11:43  lievre
  369:   (Module): sump fixed, loop imx fixed, and simplifications.
  370:   (Module): If the status is missing at the last wave but we know
  371:   that the person is alive, then we can code his/her status as -2
  372:   (instead of missing=-1 in earlier versions) and his/her
  373:   contributions to the likelihood is 1 - Prob of dying from last
  374:   health status (= 1-p13= p11+p12 in the easiest case of somebody in
  375:   the healthy state at last known wave). Version is 0.98
  376: 
  377:   Revision 1.103  2005/09/30 15:54:49  lievre
  378:   (Module): sump fixed, loop imx fixed, and simplifications.
  379: 
  380:   Revision 1.102  2004/09/15 17:31:30  brouard
  381:   Add the possibility to read data file including tab characters.
  382: 
  383:   Revision 1.101  2004/09/15 10:38:38  brouard
  384:   Fix on curr_time
  385: 
  386:   Revision 1.100  2004/07/12 18:29:06  brouard
  387:   Add version for Mac OS X. Just define UNIX in Makefile
  388: 
  389:   Revision 1.99  2004/06/05 08:57:40  brouard
  390:   *** empty log message ***
  391: 
  392:   Revision 1.98  2004/05/16 15:05:56  brouard
  393:   New version 0.97 . First attempt to estimate force of mortality
  394:   directly from the data i.e. without the need of knowing the health
  395:   state at each age, but using a Gompertz model: log u =a + b*age .
  396:   This is the basic analysis of mortality and should be done before any
  397:   other analysis, in order to test if the mortality estimated from the
  398:   cross-longitudinal survey is different from the mortality estimated
  399:   from other sources like vital statistic data.
  400: 
  401:   The same imach parameter file can be used but the option for mle should be -3.
  402: 
  403:   Agnès, who wrote this part of the code, tried to keep most of the
  404:   former routines in order to include the new code within the former code.
  405: 
  406:   The output is very simple: only an estimate of the intercept and of
  407:   the slope with 95% confident intervals.
  408: 
  409:   Current limitations:
  410:   A) Even if you enter covariates, i.e. with the
  411:   model= V1+V2 equation for example, the programm does only estimate a unique global model without covariates.
  412:   B) There is no computation of Life Expectancy nor Life Table.
  413: 
  414:   Revision 1.97  2004/02/20 13:25:42  lievre
  415:   Version 0.96d. Population forecasting command line is (temporarily)
  416:   suppressed.
  417: 
  418:   Revision 1.96  2003/07/15 15:38:55  brouard
  419:   * imach.c (Repository): Errors in subdirf, 2, 3 while printing tmpout is
  420:   rewritten within the same printf. Workaround: many printfs.
  421: 
  422:   Revision 1.95  2003/07/08 07:54:34  brouard
  423:   * imach.c (Repository):
  424:   (Repository): Using imachwizard code to output a more meaningful covariance
  425:   matrix (cov(a12,c31) instead of numbers.
  426: 
  427:   Revision 1.94  2003/06/27 13:00:02  brouard
  428:   Just cleaning
  429: 
  430:   Revision 1.93  2003/06/25 16:33:55  brouard
  431:   (Module): On windows (cygwin) function asctime_r doesn't
  432:   exist so I changed back to asctime which exists.
  433:   (Module): Version 0.96b
  434: 
  435:   Revision 1.92  2003/06/25 16:30:45  brouard
  436:   (Module): On windows (cygwin) function asctime_r doesn't
  437:   exist so I changed back to asctime which exists.
  438: 
  439:   Revision 1.91  2003/06/25 15:30:29  brouard
  440:   * imach.c (Repository): Duplicated warning errors corrected.
  441:   (Repository): Elapsed time after each iteration is now output. It
  442:   helps to forecast when convergence will be reached. Elapsed time
  443:   is stamped in powell.  We created a new html file for the graphs
  444:   concerning matrix of covariance. It has extension -cov.htm.
  445: 
  446:   Revision 1.90  2003/06/24 12:34:15  brouard
  447:   (Module): Some bugs corrected for windows. Also, when
  448:   mle=-1 a template is output in file "or"mypar.txt with the design
  449:   of the covariance matrix to be input.
  450: 
  451:   Revision 1.89  2003/06/24 12:30:52  brouard
  452:   (Module): Some bugs corrected for windows. Also, when
  453:   mle=-1 a template is output in file "or"mypar.txt with the design
  454:   of the covariance matrix to be input.
  455: 
  456:   Revision 1.88  2003/06/23 17:54:56  brouard
  457:   * imach.c (Repository): Create a sub-directory where all the secondary files are. Only imach, htm, gp and r(imach) are on the main directory. Correct time and other things.
  458: 
  459:   Revision 1.87  2003/06/18 12:26:01  brouard
  460:   Version 0.96
  461: 
  462:   Revision 1.86  2003/06/17 20:04:08  brouard
  463:   (Module): Change position of html and gnuplot routines and added
  464:   routine fileappend.
  465: 
  466:   Revision 1.85  2003/06/17 13:12:43  brouard
  467:   * imach.c (Repository): Check when date of death was earlier that
  468:   current date of interview. It may happen when the death was just
  469:   prior to the death. In this case, dh was negative and likelihood
  470:   was wrong (infinity). We still send an "Error" but patch by
  471:   assuming that the date of death was just one stepm after the
  472:   interview.
  473:   (Repository): Because some people have very long ID (first column)
  474:   we changed int to long in num[] and we added a new lvector for
  475:   memory allocation. But we also truncated to 8 characters (left
  476:   truncation)
  477:   (Repository): No more line truncation errors.
  478: 
  479:   Revision 1.84  2003/06/13 21:44:43  brouard
  480:   * imach.c (Repository): Replace "freqsummary" at a correct
  481:   place. It differs from routine "prevalence" which may be called
  482:   many times. Probs is memory consuming and must be used with
  483:   parcimony.
  484:   Version 0.95a3 (should output exactly the same maximization than 0.8a2)
  485: 
  486:   Revision 1.83  2003/06/10 13:39:11  lievre
  487:   *** empty log message ***
  488: 
  489:   Revision 1.82  2003/06/05 15:57:20  brouard
  490:   Add log in  imach.c and  fullversion number is now printed.
  491: 
  492: */
  493: /*
  494:    Interpolated Markov Chain
  495: 
  496:   Short summary of the programme:
  497:   
  498:   This program computes Healthy Life Expectancies from
  499:   cross-longitudinal data. Cross-longitudinal data consist in: -1- a
  500:   first survey ("cross") where individuals from different ages are
  501:   interviewed on their health status or degree of disability (in the
  502:   case of a health survey which is our main interest) -2- at least a
  503:   second wave of interviews ("longitudinal") which measure each change
  504:   (if any) in individual health status.  Health expectancies are
  505:   computed from the time spent in each health state according to a
  506:   model. More health states you consider, more time is necessary to reach the
  507:   Maximum Likelihood of the parameters involved in the model.  The
  508:   simplest model is the multinomial logistic model where pij is the
  509:   probability to be observed in state j at the second wave
  510:   conditional to be observed in state i at the first wave. Therefore
  511:   the model is: log(pij/pii)= aij + bij*age+ cij*sex + etc , where
  512:   'age' is age and 'sex' is a covariate. If you want to have a more
  513:   complex model than "constant and age", you should modify the program
  514:   where the markup *Covariates have to be included here again* invites
  515:   you to do it.  More covariates you add, slower the
  516:   convergence.
  517: 
  518:   The advantage of this computer programme, compared to a simple
  519:   multinomial logistic model, is clear when the delay between waves is not
  520:   identical for each individual. Also, if a individual missed an
  521:   intermediate interview, the information is lost, but taken into
  522:   account using an interpolation or extrapolation.  
  523: 
  524:   hPijx is the probability to be observed in state i at age x+h
  525:   conditional to the observed state i at age x. The delay 'h' can be
  526:   split into an exact number (nh*stepm) of unobserved intermediate
  527:   states. This elementary transition (by month, quarter,
  528:   semester or year) is modelled as a multinomial logistic.  The hPx
  529:   matrix is simply the matrix product of nh*stepm elementary matrices
  530:   and the contribution of each individual to the likelihood is simply
  531:   hPijx.
  532: 
  533:   Also this programme outputs the covariance matrix of the parameters but also
  534:   of the life expectancies. It also computes the period (stable) prevalence. 
  535:   
  536:   Authors: Nicolas Brouard (brouard@ined.fr) and Agnès Lièvre (lievre@ined.fr).
  537:            Institut national d'études démographiques, Paris.
  538:   This software have been partly granted by Euro-REVES, a concerted action
  539:   from the European Union.
  540:   It is copyrighted identically to a GNU software product, ie programme and
  541:   software can be distributed freely for non commercial use. Latest version
  542:   can be accessed at http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach .
  543: 
  544:   Help to debug: LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/lib/libnjamd.so ./imach foo.imach
  545:   or better on gdb : set env LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/lib/libnjamd.so
  546:   
  547:   **********************************************************************/
  548: /*
  549:   main
  550:   read parameterfile
  551:   read datafile
  552:   concatwav
  553:   freqsummary
  554:   if (mle >= 1)
  555:     mlikeli
  556:   print results files
  557:   if mle==1 
  558:      computes hessian
  559:   read end of parameter file: agemin, agemax, bage, fage, estepm
  560:       begin-prev-date,...
  561:   open gnuplot file
  562:   open html file
  563:   period (stable) prevalence      | pl_nom    1-1 2-2 etc by covariate
  564:    for age prevalim()             | #****** V1=0  V2=1  V3=1  V4=0 ******
  565:                                   | 65 1 0 2 1 3 1 4 0  0.96326 0.03674
  566:     freexexit2 possible for memory heap.
  567: 
  568:   h Pij x                         | pij_nom  ficrestpij
  569:    # Cov Agex agex+h hpijx with i,j= 1-1 1-2     1-3     2-1     2-2     2-3
  570:        1  85   85    1.00000             0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 1.00000 0.00000
  571:        1  85   86    0.68299             0.22291 0.09410 0.71093 0.00000 0.28907
  572: 
  573:        1  65   99    0.00364             0.00322 0.99314 0.00350 0.00310 0.99340
  574:        1  65  100    0.00214             0.00204 0.99581 0.00206 0.00196 0.99597
  575:   variance of p one-step probabilities varprob  | prob_nom   ficresprob #One-step probabilities and stand. devi in ()
  576:    Standard deviation of one-step probabilities | probcor_nom   ficresprobcor #One-step probabilities and correlation matrix
  577:    Matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities |  probcov_nom ficresprobcov #One-step probabilities and covariance matrix
  578: 
  579:   forecasting if prevfcast==1 prevforecast call prevalence()
  580:   health expectancies
  581:   Variance-covariance of DFLE
  582:   prevalence()
  583:    movingaverage()
  584:   varevsij() 
  585:   if popbased==1 varevsij(,popbased)
  586:   total life expectancies
  587:   Variance of period (stable) prevalence
  588:  end
  589: */
  590: 
  591: /* #define DEBUG */
  592: /* #define DEBUGBRENT */
  593: #define POWELL /* Instead of NLOPT */
  594: /* #define POWELLORIGINAL /\* Don't use Directest to decide new direction but original Powell test *\/ */
  595: /* #define MNBRAKORIGINAL /\* Don't use mnbrak fix *\/ */
  596: 
  597: #include <math.h>
  598: #include <stdio.h>
  599: #include <stdlib.h>
  600: #include <string.h>
  601: 
  602: #ifdef _WIN32
  603: #include <io.h>
  604: #include <windows.h>
  605: #include <tchar.h>
  606: #else
  607: #include <unistd.h>
  608: #endif
  609: 
  610: #include <limits.h>
  611: #include <sys/types.h>
  612: 
  613: #if defined(__GNUC__)
  614: #include <sys/utsname.h> /* Doesn't work on Windows */
  615: #endif
  616: 
  617: #include <sys/stat.h>
  618: #include <errno.h>
  619: /* extern int errno; */
  620: 
  621: /* #ifdef LINUX */
  622: /* #include <time.h> */
  623: /* #include "timeval.h" */
  624: /* #else */
  625: /* #include <sys/time.h> */
  626: /* #endif */
  627: 
  628: #include <time.h>
  629: 
  630: #ifdef GSL
  631: #include <gsl/gsl_errno.h>
  632: #include <gsl/gsl_multimin.h>
  633: #endif
  634: 
  635: 
  636: #ifdef NLOPT
  637: #include <nlopt.h>
  638: typedef struct {
  639:   double (* function)(double [] );
  640: } myfunc_data ;
  641: #endif
  642: 
  643: /* #include <libintl.h> */
  644: /* #define _(String) gettext (String) */
  645: 
  646: #define MAXLINE 1024 /* Was 256. Overflow with 312 with 2 states and 4 covariates. Should be ok */
  647: 
  648: #define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "gnuplot"
  649: /*#define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "..\\gp37mgw\\wgnuplot"*/
  650: #define FILENAMELENGTH 132
  651: 
  652: #define	GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH		-1	/* empty path */
  653: #define	GLOCK_ERROR_GETCWD		-2	/* cannot get cwd */
  654: 
  655: #define MAXPARM 128 /**< Maximum number of parameters for the optimization */
  656: #define NPARMAX 64 /**< (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel */
  657: 
  658: #define NINTERVMAX 8
  659: #define NLSTATEMAX 8 /**< Maximum number of live states (for func) */
  660: #define NDEATHMAX 8 /**< Maximum number of dead states (for func) */
  661: #define NCOVMAX 20 /**< Maximum number of covariates, including generated covariates V1*V2 */
  662: #define codtabm(h,k)  1 & (h-1) >> (k-1) ;
  663: #define MAXN 20000
  664: #define YEARM 12. /**< Number of months per year */
  665: #define AGESUP 130
  666: #define AGEBASE 40
  667: #define AGEGOMP 10 /**< Minimal age for Gompertz adjustment */
  668: #ifdef _WIN32
  669: #define DIRSEPARATOR '\\'
  670: #define CHARSEPARATOR "\\"
  671: #define ODIRSEPARATOR '/'
  672: #else
  673: #define DIRSEPARATOR '/'
  674: #define CHARSEPARATOR "/"
  675: #define ODIRSEPARATOR '\\'
  676: #endif
  677: 
  678: /* $Id: imach.c,v 1.187 2015/04/29 09:11:15 brouard Exp $ */
  679: /* $State: Exp $ */
  680: 
  681: char version[]="Imach version 0.98q1, April 2015,INED-EUROREVES-Institut de longevite-Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 25293121), Intel Software 2015";
  682: char fullversion[]="$Revision: 1.187 $ $Date: 2015/04/29 09:11:15 $"; 
  683: char strstart[80];
  684: char optionfilext[10], optionfilefiname[FILENAMELENGTH];
  685: int erreur=0, nberr=0, nbwarn=0; /* Error number, number of errors number of warnings  */
  686: int nagesqr=0, nforce=0; /* nagesqr=1 if model is including age*age, number of forces */
  687: /* Number of covariates model=V2+V1+ V3*age+V2*V4 */
  688: int cptcovn=0; /**< cptcovn number of covariates added in the model (excepting constant and age and age*product) */
  689: int cptcovt=0; /**< cptcovt number of covariates added in the model (excepting constant and age) */
  690: int cptcovs=0; /**< cptcovs number of simple covariates V2+V1 =2 */
  691: int cptcovage=0; /**< Number of covariates with age: V3*age only =1 */
  692: int cptcovprodnoage=0; /**< Number of covariate products without age */   
  693: int cptcoveff=0; /* Total number of covariates to vary for printing results */
  694: int cptcov=0; /* Working variable */
  695: int npar=NPARMAX;
  696: int nlstate=2; /* Number of live states */
  697: int ndeath=1; /* Number of dead states */
  698: int ncovmodel=0, ncovcol=0;     /* Total number of covariables including constant a12*1 +b12*x ncovmodel=2 */
  699: int popbased=0;
  700: 
  701: int *wav; /* Number of waves for this individuual 0 is possible */
  702: int maxwav=0; /* Maxim number of waves */
  703: int jmin=0, jmax=0; /* min, max spacing between 2 waves */
  704: int ijmin=0, ijmax=0; /* Individuals having jmin and jmax */ 
  705: int gipmx=0, gsw=0; /* Global variables on the number of contributions 
  706: 		   to the likelihood and the sum of weights (done by funcone)*/
  707: int mle=1, weightopt=0;
  708: int **mw; /* mw[mi][i] is number of the mi wave for this individual */
  709: int **dh; /* dh[mi][i] is number of steps between mi,mi+1 for this individual */
  710: int **bh; /* bh[mi][i] is the bias (+ or -) for this individual if the delay between
  711: 	   * wave mi and wave mi+1 is not an exact multiple of stepm. */
  712: int countcallfunc=0;  /* Count the number of calls to func */
  713: double jmean=1; /* Mean space between 2 waves */
  714: double **matprod2(); /* test */
  715: double **oldm, **newm, **savm; /* Working pointers to matrices */
  716: double **oldms, **newms, **savms; /* Fixed working pointers to matrices */
  717: /*FILE *fic ; */ /* Used in readdata only */
  718: FILE *ficpar, *ficparo,*ficres, *ficresp, *ficrespl, *ficrespij, *ficrest,*ficresf,*ficrespop;
  719: FILE *ficlog, *ficrespow;
  720: int globpr=0; /* Global variable for printing or not */
  721: double fretone; /* Only one call to likelihood */
  722: long ipmx=0; /* Number of contributions */
  723: double sw; /* Sum of weights */
  724: char filerespow[FILENAMELENGTH];
  725: char fileresilk[FILENAMELENGTH]; /* File of individual contributions to the likelihood */
  726: FILE *ficresilk;
  727: FILE *ficgp,*ficresprob,*ficpop, *ficresprobcov, *ficresprobcor;
  728: FILE *ficresprobmorprev;
  729: FILE *fichtm, *fichtmcov; /* Html File */
  730: FILE *ficreseij;
  731: char filerese[FILENAMELENGTH];
  732: FILE *ficresstdeij;
  733: char fileresstde[FILENAMELENGTH];
  734: FILE *ficrescveij;
  735: char filerescve[FILENAMELENGTH];
  736: FILE  *ficresvij;
  737: char fileresv[FILENAMELENGTH];
  738: FILE  *ficresvpl;
  739: char fileresvpl[FILENAMELENGTH];
  740: char title[MAXLINE];
  741: char optionfile[FILENAMELENGTH], datafile[FILENAMELENGTH],  filerespl[FILENAMELENGTH];
  742: char plotcmd[FILENAMELENGTH], pplotcmd[FILENAMELENGTH];
  743: char tmpout[FILENAMELENGTH],  tmpout2[FILENAMELENGTH]; 
  744: char command[FILENAMELENGTH];
  745: int  outcmd=0;
  746: 
  747: char fileres[FILENAMELENGTH], filerespij[FILENAMELENGTH], filereso[FILENAMELENGTH], rfileres[FILENAMELENGTH];
  748: 
  749: char filelog[FILENAMELENGTH]; /* Log file */
  750: char filerest[FILENAMELENGTH];
  751: char fileregp[FILENAMELENGTH];
  752: char popfile[FILENAMELENGTH];
  753: 
  754: char optionfilegnuplot[FILENAMELENGTH], optionfilehtm[FILENAMELENGTH], optionfilehtmcov[FILENAMELENGTH] ;
  755: 
  756: /* struct timeval start_time, end_time, curr_time, last_time, forecast_time; */
  757: /* struct timezone tzp; */
  758: /* extern int gettimeofday(); */
  759: struct tm tml, *gmtime(), *localtime();
  760: 
  761: extern time_t time();
  762: 
  763: struct tm start_time, end_time, curr_time, last_time, forecast_time;
  764: time_t  rstart_time, rend_time, rcurr_time, rlast_time, rforecast_time; /* raw time */
  765: struct tm tm;
  766: 
  767: char strcurr[80], strfor[80];
  768: 
  769: char *endptr;
  770: long lval;
  771: double dval;
  772: 
  773: #define NR_END 1
  774: #define FREE_ARG char*
  775: #define FTOL 1.0e-10
  776: 
  777: #define NRANSI 
  778: #define ITMAX 200 
  779: 
  780: #define TOL 2.0e-4 
  781: 
  782: #define CGOLD 0.3819660 
  783: #define ZEPS 1.0e-10 
  784: #define SHFT(a,b,c,d) (a)=(b);(b)=(c);(c)=(d); 
  785: 
  786: #define GOLD 1.618034 
  787: #define GLIMIT 100.0 
  788: #define TINY 1.0e-20 
  789: 
  790: static double maxarg1,maxarg2;
  791: #define FMAX(a,b) (maxarg1=(a),maxarg2=(b),(maxarg1)>(maxarg2)? (maxarg1):(maxarg2))
  792: #define FMIN(a,b) (maxarg1=(a),maxarg2=(b),(maxarg1)<(maxarg2)? (maxarg1):(maxarg2))
  793:   
  794: #define SIGN(a,b) ((b)>0.0 ? fabs(a) : -fabs(a))
  795: #define rint(a) floor(a+0.5)
  796: /* http://www.thphys.uni-heidelberg.de/~robbers/cmbeasy/doc/html/myutils_8h-source.html */
  797: #define mytinydouble 1.0e-16
  798: /* #define DEQUAL(a,b) (fabs((a)-(b))<mytinydouble) */
  799: /* http://www.thphys.uni-heidelberg.de/~robbers/cmbeasy/doc/html/mynrutils_8h-source.html */
  800: /* static double dsqrarg; */
  801: /* #define DSQR(a) (DEQUAL((dsqrarg=(a)),0.0) ? 0.0 : dsqrarg*dsqrarg) */
  802: static double sqrarg;
  803: #define SQR(a) ((sqrarg=(a)) == 0.0 ? 0.0 :sqrarg*sqrarg)
  804: #define SWAP(a,b) {temp=(a);(a)=(b);(b)=temp;} 
  805: int agegomp= AGEGOMP;
  806: 
  807: int imx; 
  808: int stepm=1;
  809: /* Stepm, step in month: minimum step interpolation*/
  810: 
  811: int estepm;
  812: /* Estepm, step in month to interpolate survival function in order to approximate Life Expectancy*/
  813: 
  814: int m,nb;
  815: long *num;
  816: int firstpass=0, lastpass=4,*cod, *ncodemax, *Tage,*cens;
  817: double **agev,*moisnais, *annais, *moisdc, *andc,**mint, **anint;
  818: double **pmmij, ***probs;
  819: double *ageexmed,*agecens;
  820: double dateintmean=0;
  821: 
  822: double *weight;
  823: int **s; /* Status */
  824: double *agedc;
  825: double  **covar; /**< covar[j,i], value of jth covariate for individual i,
  826: 		  * covar=matrix(0,NCOVMAX,1,n); 
  827: 		  * cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*age; */
  828: double  idx; 
  829: int **nbcode, *Tvar; /**< model=V2 => Tvar[1]= 2 */
  830: int *Ndum; /** Freq of modality (tricode */
  831: int **codtab; /**< codtab=imatrix(1,100,1,10); */
  832: int **Tvard, *Tprod, cptcovprod, *Tvaraff;
  833: double *lsurv, *lpop, *tpop;
  834: 
  835: double ftol=FTOL; /**< Tolerance for computing Max Likelihood */
  836: double ftolhess; /**< Tolerance for computing hessian */
  837: 
  838: /**************** split *************************/
  839: static	int split( char *path, char *dirc, char *name, char *ext, char *finame )
  840: {
  841:   /* From a file name with (full) path (either Unix or Windows) we extract the directory (dirc)
  842:      the name of the file (name), its extension only (ext) and its first part of the name (finame)
  843:   */ 
  844:   char	*ss;				/* pointer */
  845:   int	l1=0, l2=0;				/* length counters */
  846: 
  847:   l1 = strlen(path );			/* length of path */
  848:   if ( l1 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );
  849:   ss= strrchr( path, DIRSEPARATOR );		/* find last / */
  850:   if ( ss == NULL ) {			/* no directory, so determine current directory */
  851:     strcpy( name, path );		/* we got the fullname name because no directory */
  852:     /*if(strrchr(path, ODIRSEPARATOR )==NULL)
  853:       printf("Warning you should use %s as a separator\n",DIRSEPARATOR);*/
  854:     /* get current working directory */
  855:     /*    extern  char* getcwd ( char *buf , int len);*/
  856: #ifdef WIN32
  857:     if (_getcwd( dirc, FILENAME_MAX ) == NULL ) {
  858: #else
  859: 	if (getcwd(dirc, FILENAME_MAX) == NULL) {
  860: #endif
  861:       return( GLOCK_ERROR_GETCWD );
  862:     }
  863:     /* got dirc from getcwd*/
  864:     printf(" DIRC = %s \n",dirc);
  865:   } else {				/* strip direcotry from path */
  866:     ss++;				/* after this, the filename */
  867:     l2 = strlen( ss );			/* length of filename */
  868:     if ( l2 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );
  869:     strcpy( name, ss );		/* save file name */
  870:     strncpy( dirc, path, l1 - l2 );	/* now the directory */
  871:     dirc[l1-l2] = '\0';			/* add zero */
  872:     printf(" DIRC2 = %s \n",dirc);
  873:   }
  874:   /* We add a separator at the end of dirc if not exists */
  875:   l1 = strlen( dirc );			/* length of directory */
  876:   if( dirc[l1-1] != DIRSEPARATOR ){
  877:     dirc[l1] =  DIRSEPARATOR;
  878:     dirc[l1+1] = 0; 
  879:     printf(" DIRC3 = %s \n",dirc);
  880:   }
  881:   ss = strrchr( name, '.' );		/* find last / */
  882:   if (ss >0){
  883:     ss++;
  884:     strcpy(ext,ss);			/* save extension */
  885:     l1= strlen( name);
  886:     l2= strlen(ss)+1;
  887:     strncpy( finame, name, l1-l2);
  888:     finame[l1-l2]= 0;
  889:   }
  890: 
  891:   return( 0 );				/* we're done */
  892: }
  893: 
  894: 
  895: /******************************************/
  896: 
  897: void replace_back_to_slash(char *s, char*t)
  898: {
  899:   int i;
  900:   int lg=0;
  901:   i=0;
  902:   lg=strlen(t);
  903:   for(i=0; i<= lg; i++) {
  904:     (s[i] = t[i]);
  905:     if (t[i]== '\\') s[i]='/';
  906:   }
  907: }
  908: 
  909: char *trimbb(char *out, char *in)
  910: { /* Trim multiple blanks in line but keeps first blanks if line starts with blanks */
  911:   char *s;
  912:   s=out;
  913:   while (*in != '\0'){
  914:     while( *in == ' ' && *(in+1) == ' '){ /* && *(in+1) != '\0'){*/
  915:       in++;
  916:     }
  917:     *out++ = *in++;
  918:   }
  919:   *out='\0';
  920:   return s;
  921: }
  922: 
  923: /* char *substrchaine(char *out, char *in, char *chain) */
  924: /* { */
  925: /*   /\* Substract chain 'chain' from 'in', return and output 'out' *\/ */
  926: /*   char *s, *t; */
  927: /*   t=in;s=out; */
  928: /*   while ((*in != *chain) && (*in != '\0')){ */
  929: /*     *out++ = *in++; */
  930: /*   } */
  931: 
  932: /*   /\* *in matches *chain *\/ */
  933: /*   while ((*in++ == *chain++) && (*in != '\0')){ */
  934: /*     printf("*in = %c, *out= %c *chain= %c \n", *in, *out, *chain);  */
  935: /*   } */
  936: /*   in--; chain--; */
  937: /*   while ( (*in != '\0')){ */
  938: /*     printf("Bef *in = %c, *out= %c *chain= %c \n", *in, *out, *chain);  */
  939: /*     *out++ = *in++; */
  940: /*     printf("Aft *in = %c, *out= %c *chain= %c \n", *in, *out, *chain);  */
  941: /*   } */
  942: /*   *out='\0'; */
  943: /*   out=s; */
  944: /*   return out; */
  945: /* } */
  946: char *substrchaine(char *out, char *in, char *chain)
  947: {
  948:   /* Substract chain 'chain' from 'in', return and output 'out' */
  949:   /* in="V1+V1*age+age*age+V2", chain="age*age" */
  950: 
  951:   char *strloc;
  952: 
  953:   strcpy (out, in); 
  954:   strloc = strstr(out, chain); /* strloc points to out at age*age+V2 */
  955:   printf("Bef strloc=%s chain=%s out=%s \n", strloc, chain, out);
  956:   if(strloc != NULL){ 
  957:     /* will affect out */ /* strloc+strlenc(chain)=+V2 */ /* Will also work in Unicode */
  958:     memmove(strloc,strloc+strlen(chain), strlen(strloc+strlen(chain))+1);
  959:     /* strcpy (strloc, strloc +strlen(chain));*/
  960:   }
  961:   printf("Aft strloc=%s chain=%s in=%s out=%s \n", strloc, chain, in, out);
  962:   return out;
  963: }
  964: 
  965: 
  966: char *cutl(char *blocc, char *alocc, char *in, char occ)
  967: {
  968:   /* cuts string in into blocc and alocc where blocc ends before FIRST occurence of char 'occ' 
  969:      and alocc starts after first occurence of char 'occ' : ex cutv(blocc,alocc,"abcdef2ghi2j",'2')
  970:      gives blocc="abcdef" and alocc="ghi2j".
  971:      If occ is not found blocc is null and alocc is equal to in. Returns blocc
  972:   */
  973:   char *s, *t;
  974:   t=in;s=in;
  975:   while ((*in != occ) && (*in != '\0')){
  976:     *alocc++ = *in++;
  977:   }
  978:   if( *in == occ){
  979:     *(alocc)='\0';
  980:     s=++in;
  981:   }
  982:  
  983:   if (s == t) {/* occ not found */
  984:     *(alocc-(in-s))='\0';
  985:     in=s;
  986:   }
  987:   while ( *in != '\0'){
  988:     *blocc++ = *in++;
  989:   }
  990: 
  991:   *blocc='\0';
  992:   return t;
  993: }
  994: char *cutv(char *blocc, char *alocc, char *in, char occ)
  995: {
  996:   /* cuts string in into blocc and alocc where blocc ends before LAST occurence of char 'occ' 
  997:      and alocc starts after last occurence of char 'occ' : ex cutv(blocc,alocc,"abcdef2ghi2j",'2')
  998:      gives blocc="abcdef2ghi" and alocc="j".
  999:      If occ is not found blocc is null and alocc is equal to in. Returns alocc
 1000:   */
 1001:   char *s, *t;
 1002:   t=in;s=in;
 1003:   while (*in != '\0'){
 1004:     while( *in == occ){
 1005:       *blocc++ = *in++;
 1006:       s=in;
 1007:     }
 1008:     *blocc++ = *in++;
 1009:   }
 1010:   if (s == t) /* occ not found */
 1011:     *(blocc-(in-s))='\0';
 1012:   else
 1013:     *(blocc-(in-s)-1)='\0';
 1014:   in=s;
 1015:   while ( *in != '\0'){
 1016:     *alocc++ = *in++;
 1017:   }
 1018: 
 1019:   *alocc='\0';
 1020:   return s;
 1021: }
 1022: 
 1023: int nbocc(char *s, char occ)
 1024: {
 1025:   int i,j=0;
 1026:   int lg=20;
 1027:   i=0;
 1028:   lg=strlen(s);
 1029:   for(i=0; i<= lg; i++) {
 1030:   if  (s[i] == occ ) j++;
 1031:   }
 1032:   return j;
 1033: }
 1034: 
 1035: /* void cutv(char *u,char *v, char*t, char occ) */
 1036: /* { */
 1037: /*   /\* cuts string t into u and v where u ends before last occurence of char 'occ'  */
 1038: /*      and v starts after last occurence of char 'occ' : ex cutv(u,v,"abcdef2ghi2j",'2') */
 1039: /*      gives u="abcdef2ghi" and v="j" *\/ */
 1040: /*   int i,lg,j,p=0; */
 1041: /*   i=0; */
 1042: /*   lg=strlen(t); */
 1043: /*   for(j=0; j<=lg-1; j++) { */
 1044: /*     if((t[j]!= occ) && (t[j+1]== occ)) p=j+1; */
 1045: /*   } */
 1046: 
 1047: /*   for(j=0; j<p; j++) { */
 1048: /*     (u[j] = t[j]); */
 1049: /*   } */
 1050: /*      u[p]='\0'; */
 1051: 
 1052: /*    for(j=0; j<= lg; j++) { */
 1053: /*     if (j>=(p+1))(v[j-p-1] = t[j]); */
 1054: /*   } */
 1055: /* } */
 1056: 
 1057: #ifdef _WIN32
 1058: char * strsep(char **pp, const char *delim)
 1059: {
 1060:   char *p, *q;
 1061:          
 1062:   if ((p = *pp) == NULL)
 1063:     return 0;
 1064:   if ((q = strpbrk (p, delim)) != NULL)
 1065:   {
 1066:     *pp = q + 1;
 1067:     *q = '\0';
 1068:   }
 1069:   else
 1070:     *pp = 0;
 1071:   return p;
 1072: }
 1073: #endif
 1074: 
 1075: /********************** nrerror ********************/
 1076: 
 1077: void nrerror(char error_text[])
 1078: {
 1079:   fprintf(stderr,"ERREUR ...\n");
 1080:   fprintf(stderr,"%s\n",error_text);
 1081:   exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 1082: }
 1083: /*********************** vector *******************/
 1084: double *vector(int nl, int nh)
 1085: {
 1086:   double *v;
 1087:   v=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
 1088:   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in vector");
 1089:   return v-nl+NR_END;
 1090: }
 1091: 
 1092: /************************ free vector ******************/
 1093: void free_vector(double*v, int nl, int nh)
 1094: {
 1095:   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
 1096: }
 1097: 
 1098: /************************ivector *******************************/
 1099: int *ivector(long nl,long nh)
 1100: {
 1101:   int *v;
 1102:   v=(int *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(int)));
 1103:   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in ivector");
 1104:   return v-nl+NR_END;
 1105: }
 1106: 
 1107: /******************free ivector **************************/
 1108: void free_ivector(int *v, long nl, long nh)
 1109: {
 1110:   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
 1111: }
 1112: 
 1113: /************************lvector *******************************/
 1114: long *lvector(long nl,long nh)
 1115: {
 1116:   long *v;
 1117:   v=(long *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(long)));
 1118:   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in ivector");
 1119:   return v-nl+NR_END;
 1120: }
 1121: 
 1122: /******************free lvector **************************/
 1123: void free_lvector(long *v, long nl, long nh)
 1124: {
 1125:   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
 1126: }
 1127: 
 1128: /******************* imatrix *******************************/
 1129: int **imatrix(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch) 
 1130:      /* allocate a int matrix with subscript range m[nrl..nrh][ncl..nch] */ 
 1131: { 
 1132:   long i, nrow=nrh-nrl+1,ncol=nch-ncl+1; 
 1133:   int **m; 
 1134:   
 1135:   /* allocate pointers to rows */ 
 1136:   m=(int **) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(int*))); 
 1137:   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()"); 
 1138:   m += NR_END; 
 1139:   m -= nrl; 
 1140:   
 1141:   
 1142:   /* allocate rows and set pointers to them */ 
 1143:   m[nrl]=(int *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(int))); 
 1144:   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()"); 
 1145:   m[nrl] += NR_END; 
 1146:   m[nrl] -= ncl; 
 1147:   
 1148:   for(i=nrl+1;i<=nrh;i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol; 
 1149:   
 1150:   /* return pointer to array of pointers to rows */ 
 1151:   return m; 
 1152: } 
 1153: 
 1154: /****************** free_imatrix *************************/
 1155: void free_imatrix(m,nrl,nrh,ncl,nch)
 1156:       int **m;
 1157:       long nch,ncl,nrh,nrl; 
 1158:      /* free an int matrix allocated by imatrix() */ 
 1159: { 
 1160:   free((FREE_ARG) (m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END)); 
 1161:   free((FREE_ARG) (m+nrl-NR_END)); 
 1162: } 
 1163: 
 1164: /******************* matrix *******************************/
 1165: double **matrix(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)
 1166: {
 1167:   long i, nrow=nrh-nrl+1, ncol=nch-ncl+1;
 1168:   double **m;
 1169: 
 1170:   m=(double **) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(double*)));
 1171:   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");
 1172:   m += NR_END;
 1173:   m -= nrl;
 1174: 
 1175:   m[nrl]=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
 1176:   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");
 1177:   m[nrl] += NR_END;
 1178:   m[nrl] -= ncl;
 1179: 
 1180:   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;
 1181:   return m;
 1182:   /* print *(*(m+1)+70) or print m[1][70]; print m+1 or print &(m[1]) or &(m[1][0])
 1183: m[i] = address of ith row of the table. &(m[i]) is its value which is another adress
 1184: that of m[i][0]. In order to get the value p m[i][0] but it is unitialized.
 1185:    */
 1186: }
 1187: 
 1188: /*************************free matrix ************************/
 1189: void free_matrix(double **m, long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)
 1190: {
 1191:   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));
 1192:   free((FREE_ARG)(m+nrl-NR_END));
 1193: }
 1194: 
 1195: /******************* ma3x *******************************/
 1196: double ***ma3x(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch, long nll, long nlh)
 1197: {
 1198:   long i, j, nrow=nrh-nrl+1, ncol=nch-ncl+1, nlay=nlh-nll+1;
 1199:   double ***m;
 1200: 
 1201:   m=(double ***) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(double*)));
 1202:   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");
 1203:   m += NR_END;
 1204:   m -= nrl;
 1205: 
 1206:   m[nrl]=(double **) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
 1207:   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");
 1208:   m[nrl] += NR_END;
 1209:   m[nrl] -= ncl;
 1210: 
 1211:   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;
 1212: 
 1213:   m[nrl][ncl]=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol*nlay+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
 1214:   if (!m[nrl][ncl]) nrerror("allocation failure 3 in matrix()");
 1215:   m[nrl][ncl] += NR_END;
 1216:   m[nrl][ncl] -= nll;
 1217:   for (j=ncl+1; j<=nch; j++) 
 1218:     m[nrl][j]=m[nrl][j-1]+nlay;
 1219:   
 1220:   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) {
 1221:     m[i][ncl]=m[i-1l][ncl]+ncol*nlay;
 1222:     for (j=ncl+1; j<=nch; j++) 
 1223:       m[i][j]=m[i][j-1]+nlay;
 1224:   }
 1225:   return m; 
 1226:   /*  gdb: p *(m+1) <=> p m[1] and p (m+1) <=> p (m+1) <=> p &(m[1])
 1227:            &(m[i][j][k]) <=> *((*(m+i) + j)+k)
 1228:   */
 1229: }
 1230: 
 1231: /*************************free ma3x ************************/
 1232: void free_ma3x(double ***m, long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch,long nll, long nlh)
 1233: {
 1234:   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl][ncl]+ nll-NR_END));
 1235:   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));
 1236:   free((FREE_ARG)(m+nrl-NR_END));
 1237: }
 1238: 
 1239: /*************** function subdirf ***********/
 1240: char *subdirf(char fileres[])
 1241: {
 1242:   /* Caution optionfilefiname is hidden */
 1243:   strcpy(tmpout,optionfilefiname);
 1244:   strcat(tmpout,"/"); /* Add to the right */
 1245:   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
 1246:   return tmpout;
 1247: }
 1248: 
 1249: /*************** function subdirf2 ***********/
 1250: char *subdirf2(char fileres[], char *preop)
 1251: {
 1252:   
 1253:   /* Caution optionfilefiname is hidden */
 1254:   strcpy(tmpout,optionfilefiname);
 1255:   strcat(tmpout,"/");
 1256:   strcat(tmpout,preop);
 1257:   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
 1258:   return tmpout;
 1259: }
 1260: 
 1261: /*************** function subdirf3 ***********/
 1262: char *subdirf3(char fileres[], char *preop, char *preop2)
 1263: {
 1264:   
 1265:   /* Caution optionfilefiname is hidden */
 1266:   strcpy(tmpout,optionfilefiname);
 1267:   strcat(tmpout,"/");
 1268:   strcat(tmpout,preop);
 1269:   strcat(tmpout,preop2);
 1270:   strcat(tmpout,fileres);
 1271:   return tmpout;
 1272: }
 1273: 
 1274: char *asc_diff_time(long time_sec, char ascdiff[])
 1275: {
 1276:   long sec_left, days, hours, minutes;
 1277:   days = (time_sec) / (60*60*24);
 1278:   sec_left = (time_sec) % (60*60*24);
 1279:   hours = (sec_left) / (60*60) ;
 1280:   sec_left = (sec_left) %(60*60);
 1281:   minutes = (sec_left) /60;
 1282:   sec_left = (sec_left) % (60);
 1283:   sprintf(ascdiff,"%ld day(s) %ld hour(s) %ld minute(s) %ld second(s)",days, hours, minutes, sec_left);  
 1284:   return ascdiff;
 1285: }
 1286: 
 1287: /***************** f1dim *************************/
 1288: extern int ncom; 
 1289: extern double *pcom,*xicom;
 1290: extern double (*nrfunc)(double []); 
 1291:  
 1292: double f1dim(double x) 
 1293: { 
 1294:   int j; 
 1295:   double f;
 1296:   double *xt; 
 1297:  
 1298:   xt=vector(1,ncom); 
 1299:   for (j=1;j<=ncom;j++) xt[j]=pcom[j]+x*xicom[j]; 
 1300:   f=(*nrfunc)(xt); 
 1301:   free_vector(xt,1,ncom); 
 1302:   return f; 
 1303: } 
 1304: 
 1305: /*****************brent *************************/
 1306: double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx, double (*f)(double), double tol, 	double *xmin) 
 1307: {
 1308:   /* Given a function f, and given a bracketing triplet of abscissas ax, bx, cx (such that bx is
 1309:    * between ax and cx, and f(bx) is less than both f(ax) and f(cx) ), this routine isolates
 1310:    * the minimum to a fractional precision of about tol using Brent’s method. The abscissa of
 1311:    * the minimum is returned as xmin, and the minimum function value is returned as brent , the
 1312:    * returned function value. 
 1313:   */
 1314:   int iter; 
 1315:   double a,b,d,etemp;
 1316:   double fu=0,fv,fw,fx;
 1317:   double ftemp=0.;
 1318:   double p,q,r,tol1,tol2,u,v,w,x,xm; 
 1319:   double e=0.0; 
 1320:  
 1321:   a=(ax < cx ? ax : cx); 
 1322:   b=(ax > cx ? ax : cx); 
 1323:   x=w=v=bx; 
 1324:   fw=fv=fx=(*f)(x); 
 1325:   for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) { 
 1326:     xm=0.5*(a+b); 
 1327:     tol2=2.0*(tol1=tol*fabs(x)+ZEPS); 
 1328:     /*		if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret)))*/
 1329:     printf(".");fflush(stdout);
 1330:     fprintf(ficlog,".");fflush(ficlog);
 1331: #ifdef DEBUGBRENT
 1332:     printf("br %d,x=%.10e xm=%.10e b=%.10e a=%.10e tol=%.10e tol1=%.10e tol2=%.10e x-xm=%.10e fx=%.12e fu=%.12e,fw=%.12e,ftemp=%.12e,ftol=%.12e\n",iter,x,xm,b,a,tol,tol1,tol2,(x-xm),fx,fu,fw,ftemp,ftol);
 1333:     fprintf(ficlog,"br %d,x=%.10e xm=%.10e b=%.10e a=%.10e tol=%.10e tol1=%.10e tol2=%.10e x-xm=%.10e fx=%.12e fu=%.12e,fw=%.12e,ftemp=%.12e,ftol=%.12e\n",iter,x,xm,b,a,tol,tol1,tol2,(x-xm),fx,fu,fw,ftemp,ftol);
 1334:     /*		if ((fabs(x-xm) <= (tol2-0.5*(b-a)))||(2.0*fabs(fu-ftemp) <= ftol*1.e-2*(fabs(fu)+fabs(ftemp)))) { */
 1335: #endif
 1336:     if (fabs(x-xm) <= (tol2-0.5*(b-a))){ 
 1337:       *xmin=x; 
 1338:       return fx; 
 1339:     } 
 1340:     ftemp=fu;
 1341:     if (fabs(e) > tol1) { 
 1342:       r=(x-w)*(fx-fv); 
 1343:       q=(x-v)*(fx-fw); 
 1344:       p=(x-v)*q-(x-w)*r; 
 1345:       q=2.0*(q-r); 
 1346:       if (q > 0.0) p = -p; 
 1347:       q=fabs(q); 
 1348:       etemp=e; 
 1349:       e=d; 
 1350:       if (fabs(p) >= fabs(0.5*q*etemp) || p <= q*(a-x) || p >= q*(b-x)) 
 1351: 	d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x)); 
 1352:       else { 
 1353: 	d=p/q; 
 1354: 	u=x+d; 
 1355: 	if (u-a < tol2 || b-u < tol2) 
 1356: 	  d=SIGN(tol1,xm-x); 
 1357:       } 
 1358:     } else { 
 1359:       d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x)); 
 1360:     } 
 1361:     u=(fabs(d) >= tol1 ? x+d : x+SIGN(tol1,d)); 
 1362:     fu=(*f)(u); 
 1363:     if (fu <= fx) { 
 1364:       if (u >= x) a=x; else b=x; 
 1365:       SHFT(v,w,x,u) 
 1366:       SHFT(fv,fw,fx,fu) 
 1367:     } else { 
 1368:       if (u < x) a=u; else b=u; 
 1369:       if (fu <= fw || w == x) { 
 1370: 	v=w; 
 1371: 	w=u; 
 1372: 	fv=fw; 
 1373: 	fw=fu; 
 1374:       } else if (fu <= fv || v == x || v == w) { 
 1375: 	v=u; 
 1376: 	fv=fu; 
 1377:       } 
 1378:     } 
 1379:   } 
 1380:   nrerror("Too many iterations in brent"); 
 1381:   *xmin=x; 
 1382:   return fx; 
 1383: } 
 1384: 
 1385: /****************** mnbrak ***********************/
 1386: 
 1387: void mnbrak(double *ax, double *bx, double *cx, double *fa, double *fb, double *fc, 
 1388: 	    double (*func)(double)) 
 1389: { /* Given a function func , and given distinct initial points ax and bx , this routine searches in
 1390: the downhill direction (defined by the function as evaluated at the initial points) and returns
 1391: new points ax , bx , cx that bracket a minimum of the function. Also returned are the function
 1392: values at the three points, fa, fb , and fc such that fa > fb and fb < fc.
 1393:    */
 1394:   double ulim,u,r,q, dum;
 1395:   double fu; 
 1396: 
 1397:   double scale=10.;
 1398:   int iterscale=0;
 1399: 
 1400:   *fa=(*func)(*ax); /*  xta[j]=pcom[j]+(*ax)*xicom[j]; fa=f(xta[j])*/
 1401:   *fb=(*func)(*bx); /*  xtb[j]=pcom[j]+(*bx)*xicom[j]; fb=f(xtb[j]) */
 1402: 
 1403: 
 1404:   /* while(*fb != *fb){ /\* *ax should be ok, reducing distance to *ax *\/ */
 1405:   /*   printf("Warning mnbrak *fb = %lf, *bx=%lf *ax=%lf *fa==%lf iter=%d\n",*fb, *bx, *ax, *fa, iterscale++); */
 1406:   /*   *bx = *ax - (*ax - *bx)/scale; */
 1407:   /*   *fb=(*func)(*bx);  /\*  xtb[j]=pcom[j]+(*bx)*xicom[j]; fb=f(xtb[j]) *\/ */
 1408:   /* } */
 1409: 
 1410:   if (*fb > *fa) { 
 1411:     SHFT(dum,*ax,*bx,dum) 
 1412:     SHFT(dum,*fb,*fa,dum) 
 1413:   } 
 1414:   *cx=(*bx)+GOLD*(*bx-*ax); 
 1415:   *fc=(*func)(*cx); 
 1416: #ifdef DEBUG
 1417:   printf("mnbrak0 *fb=%.12e *fc=%.12e\n",*fb,*fc);
 1418:   fprintf(ficlog,"mnbrak0 *fb=%.12e *fc=%.12e\n",*fb,*fc);
 1419: #endif
 1420:   while (*fb > *fc) { /* Declining a,b,c with fa> fb > fc */
 1421:     r=(*bx-*ax)*(*fb-*fc); 
 1422:     q=(*bx-*cx)*(*fb-*fa); 
 1423:     u=(*bx)-((*bx-*cx)*q-(*bx-*ax)*r)/ 
 1424:       (2.0*SIGN(FMAX(fabs(q-r),TINY),q-r)); /* Minimum abscissa of a parabolic estimated from (a,fa), (b,fb) and (c,fc). */
 1425:     ulim=(*bx)+GLIMIT*(*cx-*bx); /* Maximum abscissa where function should be evaluated */
 1426:     if ((*bx-u)*(u-*cx) > 0.0) { /* if u_p is between b and c */
 1427:       fu=(*func)(u); 
 1428: #ifdef DEBUG
 1429:       /* f(x)=A(x-u)**2+f(u) */
 1430:       double A, fparabu; 
 1431:       A= (*fb - *fa)/(*bx-*ax)/(*bx+*ax-2*u);
 1432:       fparabu= *fa - A*(*ax-u)*(*ax-u);
 1433:       printf("mnbrak (*ax=%.12f, *fa=%.12lf), (*bx=%.12f, *fb=%.12lf), (*cx=%.12f, *fc=%.12lf),  (*u=%.12f, fu=%.12lf, fparabu=%.12f)\n",*ax,*fa,*bx,*fb,*cx,*fc,u,fu, fparabu);
 1434:       fprintf(ficlog, "mnbrak (*ax=%.12f, *fa=%.12lf), (*bx=%.12f, *fb=%.12lf), (*cx=%.12f, *fc=%.12lf),  (*u=%.12f, fu=%.12lf, fparabu=%.12f)\n",*ax,*fa,*bx,*fb,*cx,*fc,u,fu, fparabu);
 1435:       /* And thus,it can be that fu > *fc even if fparabu < *fc */
 1436:       /* mnbrak (*ax=7.666299858533, *fa=299039.693133272231), (*bx=8.595447774979, *fb=298976.598289369489),
 1437:         (*cx=10.098840694817, *fc=298946.631474258087),  (*u=9.852501168332, fu=298948.773013752128, fparabu=298945.434711494134) */
 1438:       /* In that case, there is no bracket in the output! Routine is wrong with many consequences.*/
 1439: #endif 
 1440: #ifdef MNBRAKORIGINAL
 1441: #else
 1442:       if (fu > *fc) {
 1443: #ifdef DEBUG
 1444:       printf("mnbrak4  fu > fc \n");
 1445:       fprintf(ficlog, "mnbrak4 fu > fc\n");
 1446: #endif
 1447: 	/* SHFT(u,*cx,*cx,u) /\* ie a=c, c=u and u=c; in that case, next SHFT(a,b,c,u) will give a=b=b, b=c=u, c=u=c and *\/  */
 1448: 	/* SHFT(*fa,*fc,fu,*fc) /\* (b, u, c) is a bracket while test fb > fc will be fu > fc  will exit *\/ */
 1449: 	dum=u; /* Shifting c and u */
 1450: 	u = *cx;
 1451: 	*cx = dum;
 1452: 	dum = fu;
 1453: 	fu = *fc;
 1454: 	*fc =dum;
 1455:       } else { /* end */
 1456: #ifdef DEBUG
 1457:       printf("mnbrak3  fu < fc \n");
 1458:       fprintf(ficlog, "mnbrak3 fu < fc\n");
 1459: #endif
 1460: 	dum=u; /* Shifting c and u */
 1461: 	u = *cx;
 1462: 	*cx = dum;
 1463: 	dum = fu;
 1464: 	fu = *fc;
 1465: 	*fc =dum;
 1466:       }
 1467: #endif
 1468:     } else if ((*cx-u)*(u-ulim) > 0.0) { /* u is after c but before ulim */
 1469: #ifdef DEBUG
 1470:       printf("mnbrak2  u after c but before ulim\n");
 1471:       fprintf(ficlog, "mnbrak2 u after c but before ulim\n");
 1472: #endif
 1473:       fu=(*func)(u); 
 1474:       if (fu < *fc) { 
 1475: #ifdef DEBUG
 1476:       printf("mnbrak2  u after c but before ulim AND fu < fc\n");
 1477:       fprintf(ficlog, "mnbrak2 u after c but before ulim AND fu <fc \n");
 1478: #endif
 1479: 	SHFT(*bx,*cx,u,*cx+GOLD*(*cx-*bx)) 
 1480: 	SHFT(*fb,*fc,fu,(*func)(u)) 
 1481:       } 
 1482:     } else if ((u-ulim)*(ulim-*cx) >= 0.0) { /* u outside ulim (verifying that ulim is beyond c) */
 1483: #ifdef DEBUG
 1484:       printf("mnbrak2  u outside ulim (verifying that ulim is beyond c)\n");
 1485:       fprintf(ficlog, "mnbrak2 u outside ulim (verifying that ulim is beyond c)\n");
 1486: #endif
 1487:       u=ulim; 
 1488:       fu=(*func)(u); 
 1489:     } else { /* u could be left to b (if r > q parabola has a maximum) */
 1490: #ifdef DEBUG
 1491:       printf("mnbrak2  u could be left to b (if r > q parabola has a maximum)\n");
 1492:       fprintf(ficlog, "mnbrak2  u could be left to b (if r > q parabola has a maximum)\n");
 1493: #endif
 1494:       u=(*cx)+GOLD*(*cx-*bx); 
 1495:       fu=(*func)(u); 
 1496:     } /* end tests */
 1497:     SHFT(*ax,*bx,*cx,u) 
 1498:     SHFT(*fa,*fb,*fc,fu) 
 1499: #ifdef DEBUG
 1500:       printf("mnbrak2 (*ax=%.12f, *fa=%.12lf), (*bx=%.12f, *fb=%.12lf), (*cx=%.12f, *fc=%.12lf),  (*u=%.12f, fu=%.12lf)\n",*ax,*fa,*bx,*fb,*cx,*fc,u,fu);
 1501:       fprintf(ficlog, "mnbrak2 (*ax=%.12f, *fa=%.12lf), (*bx=%.12f, *fb=%.12lf), (*cx=%.12f, *fc=%.12lf),  (*u=%.12f, fu=%.12lf)\n",*ax,*fa,*bx,*fb,*cx,*fc,u,fu);
 1502: #endif
 1503:   } /* end while; ie return (a, b, c, fa, fb, fc) such that a < b < c with f(a) > f(b) and fb < f(c) */
 1504: } 
 1505: 
 1506: /*************** linmin ************************/
 1507: /* Given an n -dimensional point p[1..n] and an n -dimensional direction xi[1..n] , moves and
 1508: resets p to where the function func(p) takes on a minimum along the direction xi from p ,
 1509: and replaces xi by the actual vector displacement that p was moved. Also returns as fret
 1510: the value of func at the returned location p . This is actually all accomplished by calling the
 1511: routines mnbrak and brent .*/
 1512: int ncom; 
 1513: double *pcom,*xicom;
 1514: double (*nrfunc)(double []); 
 1515:  
 1516: void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,double (*func)(double [])) 
 1517: { 
 1518:   double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx, 
 1519: 	       double (*f)(double), double tol, double *xmin); 
 1520:   double f1dim(double x); 
 1521:   void mnbrak(double *ax, double *bx, double *cx, double *fa, double *fb, 
 1522: 	      double *fc, double (*func)(double)); 
 1523:   int j; 
 1524:   double xx,xmin,bx,ax; 
 1525:   double fx,fb,fa;
 1526: 
 1527:   double scale=10., axs, xxs, xxss; /* Scale added for infinity */
 1528:  
 1529:   ncom=n; 
 1530:   pcom=vector(1,n); 
 1531:   xicom=vector(1,n); 
 1532:   nrfunc=func; 
 1533:   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
 1534:     pcom[j]=p[j]; 
 1535:     xicom[j]=xi[j]; 
 1536:   } 
 1537: 
 1538:   axs=0.0;
 1539:   xxss=1; /* 1 and using scale */
 1540:   xxs=1;
 1541:   do{
 1542:     ax=0.;
 1543:     xx= xxs;
 1544:     mnbrak(&ax,&xx,&bx,&fa,&fx,&fb,f1dim);  /* Outputs: xtx[j]=pcom[j]+(*xx)*xicom[j]; fx=f(xtx[j]) */
 1545:     /* brackets with inputs ax=0 and xx=1, but points, pcom=p, and directions values, xicom=xi, are sent via f1dim(x) */
 1546:     /* xt[x,j]=pcom[j]+x*xicom[j]  f(ax) = f(xt(a,j=1,n)) = f(p(j) + 0 * xi(j)) and  f(xx) = f(xt(x, j=1,n)) = f(p(j) + 1 * xi(j))   */
 1547:     /* Outputs: fa=f(p(j)) and fx=f(p(j) + xxs * xi(j) ) and f(bx)= f(p(j)+ bx* xi(j)) */
 1548:     /* Given input ax=axs and xx=xxs, xx might be too far from ax to get a finite f(xx) */
 1549:     /* Searches on line, outputs (ax, xx, bx) such that fx < min(fa and fb) */
 1550:     /* Find a bracket a,x,b in direction n=xi ie xicom, order may change. Scale is [0:xxs*xi[j]] et non plus  [0:xi[j]]*/
 1551:     if (fx != fx){
 1552: 	xxs=xxs/scale; /* Trying a smaller xx, closer to initial ax=0 */
 1553: 	printf("\nLinmin NAN : input [axs=%lf:xxs=%lf], mnbrak outputs fx=%lf <(fb=%lf and fa=%lf) with xx=%lf in [ax=%lf:bx=%lf] \n",  axs, xxs, fx,fb, fa, xx, ax, bx);
 1554:     }
 1555:   }while(fx != fx);
 1556: 
 1557:   *fret=brent(ax,xx,bx,f1dim,TOL,&xmin); /* Giving a bracketting triplet (ax, xx, bx), find a minimum, xmin, according to f1dim, *fret(xmin),*/
 1558:   /* fa = f(p[j] + ax * xi[j]), fx = f(p[j] + xx * xi[j]), fb = f(p[j] + bx * xi[j]) */
 1559:   /* fmin = f(p[j] + xmin * xi[j]) */
 1560:   /* P+lambda n in that direction (lambdamin), with TOL between abscisses */
 1561:   /* f1dim(xmin): for (j=1;j<=ncom;j++) xt[j]=pcom[j]+xmin*xicom[j]; */
 1562: #ifdef DEBUG
 1563:   printf("retour brent fret=%.12e xmin=%.12e\n",*fret,xmin);
 1564:   fprintf(ficlog,"retour brent fret=%.12e xmin=%.12e\n",*fret,xmin);
 1565: #endif
 1566:   printf("linmin end ");
 1567:   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
 1568:     printf(" before xi[%d]=%12.8f", j,xi[j]);
 1569:     xi[j] *= xmin; /* xi rescaled by xmin: if xmin=-1.237 and xi=(1,0,...,0) xi=(-1.237,0,...,0) */
 1570:     if(xxs <1.0)
 1571:       printf(" after xi[%d]=%12.8f, xmin=%12.8f, ax=%12.8f, xx=%12.8f, bx=%12.8f, xxs=%12.8f", j,xi[j], xmin, ax, xx, bx,xxs );
 1572:     p[j] += xi[j]; /* Parameters values are updated accordingly */
 1573:   } 
 1574:   printf("\n");
 1575:   free_vector(xicom,1,n); 
 1576:   free_vector(pcom,1,n); 
 1577: } 
 1578: 
 1579: 
 1580: /*************** powell ************************/
 1581: /*
 1582: Minimization of a function func of n variables. Input consists of an initial starting point
 1583: p[1..n] ; an initial matrix xi[1..n][1..n] , whose columns contain the initial set of di-
 1584: rections (usually the n unit vectors); and ftol , the fractional tolerance in the function value
 1585: such that failure to decrease by more than this amount on one iteration signals doneness. On
 1586: output, p is set to the best point found, xi is the then-current direction set, fret is the returned
 1587: function value at p , and iter is the number of iterations taken. The routine linmin is used.
 1588:  */
 1589: void powell(double p[], double **xi, int n, double ftol, int *iter, double *fret, 
 1590: 	    double (*func)(double [])) 
 1591: { 
 1592:   void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret, 
 1593: 	      double (*func)(double [])); 
 1594:   int i,ibig,j; 
 1595:   double del,t,*pt,*ptt,*xit;
 1596:   double directest;
 1597:   double fp,fptt;
 1598:   double *xits;
 1599:   int niterf, itmp;
 1600: 
 1601:   pt=vector(1,n); 
 1602:   ptt=vector(1,n); 
 1603:   xit=vector(1,n); 
 1604:   xits=vector(1,n); 
 1605:   *fret=(*func)(p); 
 1606:   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) pt[j]=p[j]; 
 1607:     rcurr_time = time(NULL);  
 1608:   for (*iter=1;;++(*iter)) { 
 1609:     fp=(*fret); /* From former iteration or initial value */
 1610:     ibig=0; 
 1611:     del=0.0; 
 1612:     rlast_time=rcurr_time;
 1613:     /* (void) gettimeofday(&curr_time,&tzp); */
 1614:     rcurr_time = time(NULL);  
 1615:     curr_time = *localtime(&rcurr_time);
 1616:     printf("\nPowell iter=%d -2*LL=%.12f %ld sec. %ld sec.",*iter,*fret, rcurr_time-rlast_time, rcurr_time-rstart_time);fflush(stdout);
 1617:     fprintf(ficlog,"\nPowell iter=%d -2*LL=%.12f %ld sec. %ld sec.",*iter,*fret,rcurr_time-rlast_time, rcurr_time-rstart_time); fflush(ficlog);
 1618: /*     fprintf(ficrespow,"%d %.12f %ld",*iter,*fret,curr_time.tm_sec-start_time.tm_sec); */
 1619:    for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {
 1620:       printf(" %d %.12f",i, p[i]);
 1621:       fprintf(ficlog," %d %.12lf",i, p[i]);
 1622:       fprintf(ficrespow," %.12lf", p[i]);
 1623:     }
 1624:     printf("\n");
 1625:     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 1626:     fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");fflush(ficrespow);
 1627:     if(*iter <=3){
 1628:       tml = *localtime(&rcurr_time);
 1629:       strcpy(strcurr,asctime(&tml));
 1630:       rforecast_time=rcurr_time; 
 1631:       itmp = strlen(strcurr);
 1632:       if(strcurr[itmp-1]=='\n')  /* Windows outputs with a new line */
 1633: 	strcurr[itmp-1]='\0';
 1634:       printf("\nConsidering the time needed for the last iteration #%d: %ld seconds,\n",*iter,rcurr_time-rlast_time);
 1635:       fprintf(ficlog,"\nConsidering the time needed for this last iteration #%d: %ld seconds,\n",*iter,rcurr_time-rlast_time);
 1636:       for(niterf=10;niterf<=30;niterf+=10){
 1637: 	rforecast_time=rcurr_time+(niterf-*iter)*(rcurr_time-rlast_time);
 1638: 	forecast_time = *localtime(&rforecast_time);
 1639: 	strcpy(strfor,asctime(&forecast_time));
 1640: 	itmp = strlen(strfor);
 1641: 	if(strfor[itmp-1]=='\n')
 1642: 	strfor[itmp-1]='\0';
 1643: 	printf("   - if your program needs %d iterations to converge, convergence will be \n   reached in %s i.e.\n   on %s (current time is %s);\n",niterf, asc_diff_time(rforecast_time-rcurr_time,tmpout),strfor,strcurr);
 1644: 	fprintf(ficlog,"   - if your program needs %d iterations to converge, convergence will be \n   reached in %s i.e.\n   on %s (current time is %s);\n",niterf, asc_diff_time(rforecast_time-rcurr_time,tmpout),strfor,strcurr);
 1645:       }
 1646:     }
 1647:     for (i=1;i<=n;i++) { /* For each direction i */
 1648:       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) xit[j]=xi[j][i]; /* Directions stored from previous iteration with previous scales */
 1649:       fptt=(*fret); 
 1650: #ifdef DEBUG
 1651: 	  printf("fret=%lf, %lf, %lf \n", *fret, *fret, *fret);
 1652: 	  fprintf(ficlog, "fret=%lf, %lf, %lf \n", *fret, *fret, *fret);
 1653: #endif
 1654: 	  printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout); /* print direction (parameter) i */
 1655:       fprintf(ficlog,"%d",i);fflush(ficlog);
 1656:       linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func); /* Point p[n]. xit[n] has been loaded for direction i as input. Outputs are fret(new point p) p is updated and xit rescaled */
 1657:       if (fabs(fptt-(*fret)) > del) { /* We are keeping the max gain on each of the n directions 
 1658: 				       because that direction will be replaced unless the gain del is small
 1659: 				      in comparison with the 'probable' gain, mu^2, with the last average direction.
 1660: 				      Unless the n directions are conjugate some gain in the determinant may be obtained
 1661: 				      with the new direction.
 1662: 				      */
 1663: 	del=fabs(fptt-(*fret)); 
 1664: 	ibig=i; 
 1665:       } 
 1666: #ifdef DEBUG
 1667:       printf("%d %.12e",i,(*fret));
 1668:       fprintf(ficlog,"%d %.12e",i,(*fret));
 1669:       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
 1670: 	xits[j]=FMAX(fabs(p[j]-pt[j]),1.e-5);
 1671: 	printf(" x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
 1672: 	fprintf(ficlog," x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
 1673:       }
 1674:       for(j=1;j<=n;j++) {
 1675: 	printf(" p(%d)=%.12e",j,p[j]);
 1676: 	fprintf(ficlog," p(%d)=%.12e",j,p[j]);
 1677:       }
 1678:       printf("\n");
 1679:       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 1680: #endif
 1681:     } /* end loop on each direction i */
 1682:     /* Convergence test will use last linmin estimation (fret) and compare former iteration (fp) */ 
 1683:     /* But p and xit have been updated at the end of linmin and do not produce *fret any more! */
 1684:     /* New value of last point Pn is not computed, P(n-1) */
 1685:     if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret))) { /* Did we reach enough precision? */
 1686: #ifdef DEBUG
 1687:       int k[2],l;
 1688:       k[0]=1;
 1689:       k[1]=-1;
 1690:       printf("Max: %.12e",(*func)(p));
 1691:       fprintf(ficlog,"Max: %.12e",(*func)(p));
 1692:       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
 1693: 	printf(" %.12e",p[j]);
 1694: 	fprintf(ficlog," %.12e",p[j]);
 1695:       }
 1696:       printf("\n");
 1697:       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 1698:       for(l=0;l<=1;l++) {
 1699: 	for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
 1700: 	  ptt[j]=p[j]+(p[j]-pt[j])*k[l];
 1701: 	  printf("l=%d j=%d ptt=%.12e, xits=%.12e, p=%.12e, xit=%.12e", l,j,ptt[j],xits[j],p[j],xit[j]);
 1702: 	  fprintf(ficlog,"l=%d j=%d ptt=%.12e, xits=%.12e, p=%.12e, xit=%.12e", l,j,ptt[j],xits[j],p[j],xit[j]);
 1703: 	}
 1704: 	printf("func(ptt)=%.12e, deriv=%.12e\n",(*func)(ptt),(ptt[j]-p[j])/((*func)(ptt)-(*func)(p)));
 1705: 	fprintf(ficlog,"func(ptt)=%.12e, deriv=%.12e\n",(*func)(ptt),(ptt[j]-p[j])/((*func)(ptt)-(*func)(p)));
 1706:       }
 1707: #endif
 1708: 
 1709: 
 1710:       free_vector(xit,1,n); 
 1711:       free_vector(xits,1,n); 
 1712:       free_vector(ptt,1,n); 
 1713:       free_vector(pt,1,n); 
 1714:       return; 
 1715:     } 
 1716:     if (*iter == ITMAX) nrerror("powell exceeding maximum iterations."); 
 1717:     for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { /* Computes the extrapolated point P_0 + 2 (P_n-P_0) */
 1718:       ptt[j]=2.0*p[j]-pt[j]; 
 1719:       xit[j]=p[j]-pt[j]; 
 1720:       pt[j]=p[j]; 
 1721:     } 
 1722:     fptt=(*func)(ptt); /* f_3 */
 1723:     if (fptt < fp) { /* If extrapolated point is better, decide if we keep that new direction or not */
 1724:       /* (x1 f1=fp), (x2 f2=*fret), (x3 f3=fptt), (xm fm) */
 1725:       /* From x1 (P0) distance of x2 is at h and x3 is 2h */
 1726:       /* Let f"(x2) be the 2nd derivative equal everywhere.  */
 1727:       /* Then the parabolic through (x1,f1), (x2,f2) and (x3,f3) */
 1728:       /* will reach at f3 = fm + h^2/2 f"m  ; f" = (f1 -2f2 +f3 ) / h**2 */
 1729:       /* Conditional for using this new direction is that mu^2 = (f1-2f2+f3)^2 /2 < del */
 1730:       /* t=2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del)-del*SQR(fp-fptt); */
 1731: #ifdef NRCORIGINAL
 1732:       t=2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del)- del*SQR(fp-fptt); /* Original Numerical Recipes in C*/
 1733: #else
 1734:       t=2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del); /* Intel compiler doesn't work on one line; bug reported */
 1735:       t= t- del*SQR(fp-fptt);
 1736: #endif
 1737:       directest = fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt - 2.0 * del; /* If del was big enough we change it for a new direction */
 1738: #ifdef DEBUG
 1739:       printf("t1= %.12lf, t2= %.12lf, t=%.12lf  directest=%.12lf\n", 2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del),del*SQR(fp-fptt),t,directest);
 1740:       fprintf(ficlog,"t1= %.12lf, t2= %.12lf, t=%.12lf directest=%.12lf\n", 2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del),del*SQR(fp-fptt),t,directest);
 1741:       printf("t3= %.12lf, t4= %.12lf, t3*= %.12lf, t4*= %.12lf\n",SQR(fp-(*fret)-del),SQR(fp-fptt),
 1742: 	     (fp-(*fret)-del)*(fp-(*fret)-del),(fp-fptt)*(fp-fptt));
 1743:       fprintf(ficlog,"t3= %.12lf, t4= %.12lf, t3*= %.12lf, t4*= %.12lf\n",SQR(fp-(*fret)-del),SQR(fp-fptt),
 1744: 	     (fp-(*fret)-del)*(fp-(*fret)-del),(fp-fptt)*(fp-fptt));
 1745:       printf("tt= %.12lf, t=%.12lf\n",2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*(fp-(*fret)-del)*(fp-(*fret)-del)-del*(fp-fptt)*(fp-fptt),t);
 1746:       fprintf(ficlog, "tt= %.12lf, t=%.12lf\n",2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*(fp-(*fret)-del)*(fp-(*fret)-del)-del*(fp-fptt)*(fp-fptt),t);
 1747: #endif
 1748: #ifdef POWELLORIGINAL
 1749:       if (t < 0.0) { /* Then we use it for new direction */
 1750: #else
 1751:       if (directest*t < 0.0) { /* Contradiction between both tests */
 1752:       printf("directest= %.12lf, t= %.12lf, f1= %.12lf,f2= %.12lf,f3= %.12lf, del= %.12lf\n",directest, t, fp,(*fret),fptt,del);
 1753:       printf("f1-2f2+f3= %.12lf, f1-f2-del= %.12lf, f1-f3= %.12lf\n",fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt, fp -(*fret) -del, fp-fptt);
 1754:       fprintf(ficlog,"directest= %.12lf, t= %.12lf, f1= %.12lf,f2= %.12lf,f3= %.12lf, del= %.12lf\n",directest, t, fp,(*fret),fptt, del);
 1755:       fprintf(ficlog,"f1-2f2+f3= %.12lf, f1-f2-del= %.12lf, f1-f3= %.12lf\n",fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt, fp -(*fret) -del, fp-fptt);
 1756:     } 
 1757:       if (directest < 0.0) { /* Then we use it for new direction */
 1758: #endif
 1759: 	linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func); /* computes minimum on the extrapolated direction: changes p and rescales xit.*/
 1760: 	for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
 1761: 	  xi[j][ibig]=xi[j][n]; /* Replace direction with biggest decrease by last direction n */
 1762: 	  xi[j][n]=xit[j];      /* and this nth direction by the by the average p_0 p_n */
 1763: 	}
 1764: 	printf("Gaining to use new average direction of P0 P%d instead of biggest increase direction %d :\n",n,ibig);
 1765: 	fprintf(ficlog,"Gaining to use new average direction of P0 P%d instead of biggest increase direction %d :\n",n,ibig);
 1766: 
 1767: #ifdef DEBUG
 1768: 	printf("Direction changed  last moved %d in place of ibig=%d, new last is the average:\n",n,ibig);
 1769: 	fprintf(ficlog,"Direction changed  last moved %d in place of ibig=%d, new last is the average:\n",n,ibig);
 1770: 	for(j=1;j<=n;j++){
 1771: 	  printf(" %.12e",xit[j]);
 1772: 	  fprintf(ficlog," %.12e",xit[j]);
 1773: 	}
 1774: 	printf("\n");
 1775: 	fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 1776: #endif
 1777:       } /* end of t negative */
 1778:     } /* end if (fptt < fp)  */
 1779:   } 
 1780: } 
 1781: 
 1782: /**** Prevalence limit (stable or period prevalence)  ****************/
 1783: 
 1784: double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double x[], double age, double **oldm, double **savm, double ftolpl, int ij)
 1785: {
 1786:   /* Computes the prevalence limit in each live state at age x by left multiplying the unit
 1787:      matrix by transitions matrix until convergence is reached */
 1788:   
 1789:   int i, ii,j,k;
 1790:   double min, max, maxmin, maxmax,sumnew=0.;
 1791:   /* double **matprod2(); */ /* test */
 1792:   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX+1], **pmij();
 1793:   double **newm;
 1794:   double agefin, delaymax=50 ; /* Max number of years to converge */
 1795:   
 1796:   for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
 1797:     for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 1798:       oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 1799:     }
 1800:   
 1801:   cov[1]=1.;
 1802:   
 1803:   /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
 1804:   for(agefin=age-stepm/YEARM; agefin>=age-delaymax; agefin=agefin-stepm/YEARM){
 1805:     newm=savm;
 1806:     /* Covariates have to be included here again */
 1807:     cov[2]=agefin;
 1808:     if(nagesqr==1)
 1809:       cov[3]= agefin*agefin;;
 1810:     for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {
 1811:       cov[2+nagesqr+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];
 1812:       /*printf("prevalim ij=%d k=%d Tvar[%d]=%d nbcode=%d cov=%lf codtab[%d][Tvar[%d]]=%d \n",ij,k, k, Tvar[k],nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]],cov[2+k], ij, k, codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]);*/
 1813:     }
 1814:     /*wrong? for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2]; */
 1815:     for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+nagesqr+Tage[k]]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]]*cov[2];
 1816:     for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++) /* Useless */
 1817:       cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]] * nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
 1818:     
 1819:     /*printf("ij=%d cptcovprod=%d tvar=%d ", ij, cptcovprod, Tvar[1]);*/
 1820:     /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf cov[4]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3],cov[4]);*/
 1821:     /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3]);*/
 1822:     /* savm=pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate); */
 1823:     /* out=matprod2(newm, pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate),1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, oldm); /\* Bug Valgrind *\/ */
 1824:     out=matprod2(newm, pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate),1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, oldm); /* Bug Valgrind */
 1825:     
 1826:     savm=oldm;
 1827:     oldm=newm;
 1828:     maxmax=0.;
 1829:     for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++){
 1830:       min=1.;
 1831:       max=0.;
 1832:       for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++) {
 1833: 	sumnew=0;
 1834: 	for(k=1; k<=ndeath; k++) sumnew+=newm[i][nlstate+k];
 1835: 	prlim[i][j]= newm[i][j]/(1-sumnew);
 1836:         /*printf(" prevalim i=%d, j=%d, prmlim[%d][%d]=%f, agefin=%d \n", i, j, i, j, prlim[i][j],(int)agefin);*/
 1837: 	max=FMAX(max,prlim[i][j]);
 1838: 	min=FMIN(min,prlim[i][j]);
 1839:       }
 1840:       maxmin=max-min;
 1841:       maxmax=FMAX(maxmax,maxmin);
 1842:     } /* j loop */
 1843:     if(maxmax < ftolpl){
 1844:       return prlim;
 1845:     }
 1846:   } /* age loop */
 1847:   return prlim; /* should not reach here */
 1848: }
 1849: 
 1850: /*************** transition probabilities ***************/ 
 1851: 
 1852: double **pmij(double **ps, double *cov, int ncovmodel, double *x, int nlstate )
 1853: {
 1854:   /* According to parameters values stored in x and the covariate's values stored in cov,
 1855:      computes the probability to be observed in state j being in state i by appying the
 1856:      model to the ncovmodel covariates (including constant and age).
 1857:      lnpijopii=ln(pij/pii)= aij+bij*age+cij*v1+dij*v2+... = sum_nc=1^ncovmodel xij(nc)*cov[nc]
 1858:      and, according on how parameters are entered, the position of the coefficient xij(nc) of the
 1859:      ncth covariate in the global vector x is given by the formula:
 1860:      j<i nc+((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+j-1)*ncovmodel
 1861:      j>=i nc + ((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+(j-2))*ncovmodel
 1862:      Computes ln(pij/pii) (lnpijopii), deduces pij/pii by exponentiation,
 1863:      sums on j different of i to get 1-pii/pii, deduces pii, and then all pij.
 1864:      Outputs ps[i][j] the probability to be observed in j being in j according to
 1865:      the values of the covariates cov[nc] and corresponding parameter values x[nc+shiftij]
 1866:   */
 1867:   double s1, lnpijopii;
 1868:   /*double t34;*/
 1869:   int i,j, nc, ii, jj;
 1870: 
 1871:     for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
 1872:       for(j=1; j<i;j++){
 1873: 	for (nc=1, lnpijopii=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
 1874: 	  /*lnpijopii += param[i][j][nc]*cov[nc];*/
 1875: 	  lnpijopii += x[nc+((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+j-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
 1876: /* 	 printf("Int j<i s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e\n",s1,lnpijopii); */
 1877: 	}
 1878: 	ps[i][j]=lnpijopii; /* In fact ln(pij/pii) */
 1879: /* 	printf("s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e\n",s1,lnpijopii); */
 1880:       }
 1881:       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 1882: 	for (nc=1, lnpijopii=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
 1883: 	  /*lnpijopii += x[(i-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel+(j-2)*ncovmodel+nc+(i-1)*(ndeath-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];*/
 1884: 	  lnpijopii += x[nc + ((i-1)*(nlstate+ndeath-1)+(j-2))*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
 1885: /* 	  printf("Int j>i s1=%.17e, lnpijopii=%.17e %lx %lx\n",s1,lnpijopii,s1,lnpijopii); */
 1886: 	}
 1887: 	ps[i][j]=lnpijopii; /* In fact ln(pij/pii) */
 1888:       }
 1889:     }
 1890:     
 1891:     for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
 1892:       s1=0;
 1893:       for(j=1; j<i; j++){
 1894: 	s1+=exp(ps[i][j]); /* In fact sums pij/pii */
 1895: 	/*printf("debug1 %d %d ps=%lf exp(ps)=%lf s1+=%lf\n",i,j,ps[i][j],exp(ps[i][j]),s1); */
 1896:       }
 1897:       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
 1898: 	s1+=exp(ps[i][j]); /* In fact sums pij/pii */
 1899: 	/*printf("debug2 %d %d ps=%lf exp(ps)=%lf s1+=%lf\n",i,j,ps[i][j],exp(ps[i][j]),s1); */
 1900:       }
 1901:       /* s1= sum_{j<>i} pij/pii=(1-pii)/pii and thus pii is known from s1 */
 1902:       ps[i][i]=1./(s1+1.);
 1903:       /* Computing other pijs */
 1904:       for(j=1; j<i; j++)
 1905: 	ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
 1906:       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++)
 1907: 	ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
 1908:       /* ps[i][nlstate+1]=1.-s1- ps[i][i];*/ /* Sum should be 1 */
 1909:     } /* end i */
 1910:     
 1911:     for(ii=nlstate+1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){
 1912:       for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
 1913: 	ps[ii][jj]=0;
 1914: 	ps[ii][ii]=1;
 1915:       }
 1916:     }
 1917:     
 1918:     
 1919:     /* for(ii=1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){ */
 1920:     /*   for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){ */
 1921:     /* 	printf(" pmij  ps[%d][%d]=%lf ",ii,jj,ps[ii][jj]); */
 1922:     /*   } */
 1923:     /*   printf("\n "); */
 1924:     /* } */
 1925:     /* printf("\n ");printf("%lf ",cov[2]);*/
 1926:     /*
 1927:       for(i=1; i<= npar; i++) printf("%f ",x[i]);
 1928:       goto end;*/
 1929:     return ps;
 1930: }
 1931: 
 1932: /**************** Product of 2 matrices ******************/
 1933: 
 1934: double **matprod2(double **out, double **in,int nrl, int nrh, int ncl, int nch, int ncolol, int ncoloh, double **b)
 1935: {
 1936:   /* Computes the matrix product of in(1,nrh-nrl+1)(1,nch-ncl+1) times
 1937:      b(1,nch-ncl+1)(1,ncoloh-ncolol+1) into out(...) */
 1938:   /* in, b, out are matrice of pointers which should have been initialized 
 1939:      before: only the contents of out is modified. The function returns
 1940:      a pointer to pointers identical to out */
 1941:   int i, j, k;
 1942:   for(i=nrl; i<= nrh; i++)
 1943:     for(k=ncolol; k<=ncoloh; k++){
 1944:       out[i][k]=0.;
 1945:       for(j=ncl; j<=nch; j++)
 1946:   	out[i][k] +=in[i][j]*b[j][k];
 1947:     }
 1948:   return out;
 1949: }
 1950: 
 1951: 
 1952: /************* Higher Matrix Product ***************/
 1953: 
 1954: double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstepm, double age, int hstepm, double *x, int nlstate, int stepm, double **oldm, double **savm, int ij )
 1955: {
 1956:   /* Computes the transition matrix starting at age 'age' over 
 1957:      'nhstepm*hstepm*stepm' months (i.e. until
 1958:      age (in years)  age+nhstepm*hstepm*stepm/12) by multiplying 
 1959:      nhstepm*hstepm matrices. 
 1960:      Output is stored in matrix po[i][j][h] for h every 'hstepm' step 
 1961:      (typically every 2 years instead of every month which is too big 
 1962:      for the memory).
 1963:      Model is determined by parameters x and covariates have to be 
 1964:      included manually here. 
 1965: 
 1966:      */
 1967: 
 1968:   int i, j, d, h, k;
 1969:   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX+1];
 1970:   double **newm;
 1971:   double agexact;
 1972: 
 1973:   /* Hstepm could be zero and should return the unit matrix */
 1974:   for (i=1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
 1975:     for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 1976:       oldm[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 1977:       po[i][j][0]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 1978:     }
 1979:   /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
 1980:   for(h=1; h <=nhstepm; h++){
 1981:     for(d=1; d <=hstepm; d++){
 1982:       newm=savm;
 1983:       /* Covariates have to be included here again */
 1984:       cov[1]=1.;
 1985:       agexact=age+((h-1)*hstepm + (d-1))*stepm/YEARM;
 1986:       cov[2]=agexact;
 1987:       if(nagesqr==1)
 1988: 	cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
 1989:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) 
 1990: 	cov[2+nagesqr+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];
 1991:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) /* Should start at cptcovn+1 */
 1992: 	/* cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2]; */
 1993: 	cov[2+nagesqr+Tage[k]]=nbcode[Tvar[Tage[k]]][codtab[ij][Tvar[Tage[k]]]]*cov[2];
 1994:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++) /* Useless because included in cptcovn */
 1995: 	cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
 1996: 
 1997: 
 1998:       /*printf("hxi cptcov=%d cptcode=%d\n",cptcov,cptcode);*/
 1999:       /*printf("h=%d d=%d age=%f cov=%f\n",h,d,age,cov[2]);*/
 2000:       out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, 
 2001: 		   pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
 2002:       savm=oldm;
 2003:       oldm=newm;
 2004:     }
 2005:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)
 2006:       for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
 2007: 	po[i][j][h]=newm[i][j];
 2008: 	/*if(h==nhstepm) printf("po[%d][%d][%d]=%f ",i,j,h,po[i][j][h]);*/
 2009:       }
 2010:     /*printf("h=%d ",h);*/
 2011:   } /* end h */
 2012: /*     printf("\n H=%d \n",h); */
 2013:   return po;
 2014: }
 2015: 
 2016: #ifdef NLOPT
 2017:   double  myfunc(unsigned n, const double *p1, double *grad, void *pd){
 2018:   double fret;
 2019:   double *xt;
 2020:   int j;
 2021:   myfunc_data *d2 = (myfunc_data *) pd;
 2022: /* xt = (p1-1); */
 2023:   xt=vector(1,n); 
 2024:   for (j=1;j<=n;j++)   xt[j]=p1[j-1]; /* xt[1]=p1[0] */
 2025: 
 2026:   fret=(d2->function)(xt); /*  p xt[1]@8 is fine */
 2027:   /* fret=(*func)(xt); /\*  p xt[1]@8 is fine *\/ */
 2028:   printf("Function = %.12lf ",fret);
 2029:   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) printf(" %d %.8lf", j, xt[j]); 
 2030:   printf("\n");
 2031:  free_vector(xt,1,n);
 2032:   return fret;
 2033: }
 2034: #endif
 2035: 
 2036: /*************** log-likelihood *************/
 2037: double func( double *x)
 2038: {
 2039:   int i, ii, j, k, mi, d, kk;
 2040:   double l, ll[NLSTATEMAX+1], cov[NCOVMAX+1];
 2041:   double **out;
 2042:   double sw; /* Sum of weights */
 2043:   double lli; /* Individual log likelihood */
 2044:   int s1, s2;
 2045:   double bbh, survp;
 2046:   long ipmx;
 2047:   double agexact;
 2048:   /*extern weight */
 2049:   /* We are differentiating ll according to initial status */
 2050:   /*  for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) printf("%f ", x[i]);*/
 2051:   /*for(i=1;i<imx;i++) 
 2052:     printf(" %d\n",s[4][i]);
 2053:   */
 2054: 
 2055:   ++countcallfunc;
 2056: 
 2057:   cov[1]=1.;
 2058: 
 2059:   for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) ll[k]=0.;
 2060: 
 2061:   if(mle==1){
 2062:     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
 2063:       /* Computes the values of the ncovmodel covariates of the model
 2064: 	 depending if the covariates are fixed or variying (age dependent) and stores them in cov[]
 2065: 	 Then computes with function pmij which return a matrix p[i][j] giving the elementary probability
 2066: 	 to be observed in j being in i according to the model.
 2067:        */
 2068:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++){ /* Simple and product covariates without age* products */
 2069: 	  cov[2+nagesqr+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
 2070:       }
 2071:       /* In model V2+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2 Tvar[1] is V2, Tvar[2=V1*V4] 
 2072: 	 is 6, Tvar[3=age*V3] should not be computed because of age Tvar[4=V3*V2] 
 2073: 	 has been calculated etc */
 2074:       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
 2075: 	for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
 2076: 	  for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 2077: 	    oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 2078: 	    savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 2079: 	  }
 2080: 	for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
 2081: 	  newm=savm;
 2082: 	  agexact=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
 2083: 	  cov[2]=agexact;
 2084: 	  if(nagesqr==1)
 2085: 	    cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
 2086: 	  for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
 2087: 	    cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*agexact; /* Tage[kk] gives the data-covariate associated with age */
 2088: 	  }
 2089: 	  out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
 2090: 		       1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
 2091: 	  savm=oldm;
 2092: 	  oldm=newm;
 2093: 	} /* end mult */
 2094:       
 2095: 	/*lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]);*/ /* Original formula */
 2096: 	/* But now since version 0.9 we anticipate for bias at large stepm.
 2097: 	 * If stepm is larger than one month (smallest stepm) and if the exact delay 
 2098: 	 * (in months) between two waves is not a multiple of stepm, we rounded to 
 2099: 	 * the nearest (and in case of equal distance, to the lowest) interval but now
 2100: 	 * we keep into memory the bias bh[mi][i] and also the previous matrix product
 2101: 	 * (i.e to dh[mi][i]-1) saved in 'savm'. Then we inter(extra)polate the
 2102: 	 * probability in order to take into account the bias as a fraction of the way
 2103: 	 * from savm to out if bh is negative or even beyond if bh is positive. bh varies
 2104: 	 * -stepm/2 to stepm/2 .
 2105: 	 * For stepm=1 the results are the same as for previous versions of Imach.
 2106: 	 * For stepm > 1 the results are less biased than in previous versions. 
 2107: 	 */
 2108: 	s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
 2109: 	s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
 2110: 	bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm; 
 2111: 	/* bias bh is positive if real duration
 2112: 	 * is higher than the multiple of stepm and negative otherwise.
 2113: 	 */
 2114: 	/* lli= (savm[s1][s2]>1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]));*/
 2115: 	if( s2 > nlstate){ 
 2116: 	  /* i.e. if s2 is a death state and if the date of death is known 
 2117: 	     then the contribution to the likelihood is the probability to 
 2118: 	     die between last step unit time and current  step unit time, 
 2119: 	     which is also equal to probability to die before dh 
 2120: 	     minus probability to die before dh-stepm . 
 2121: 	     In version up to 0.92 likelihood was computed
 2122: 	as if date of death was unknown. Death was treated as any other
 2123: 	health state: the date of the interview describes the actual state
 2124: 	and not the date of a change in health state. The former idea was
 2125: 	to consider that at each interview the state was recorded
 2126: 	(healthy, disable or death) and IMaCh was corrected; but when we
 2127: 	introduced the exact date of death then we should have modified
 2128: 	the contribution of an exact death to the likelihood. This new
 2129: 	contribution is smaller and very dependent of the step unit
 2130: 	stepm. It is no more the probability to die between last interview
 2131: 	and month of death but the probability to survive from last
 2132: 	interview up to one month before death multiplied by the
 2133: 	probability to die within a month. Thanks to Chris
 2134: 	Jackson for correcting this bug.  Former versions increased
 2135: 	mortality artificially. The bad side is that we add another loop
 2136: 	which slows down the processing. The difference can be up to 10%
 2137: 	lower mortality.
 2138: 	  */
 2139: 	/* If, at the beginning of the maximization mostly, the
 2140: 	   cumulative probability or probability to be dead is
 2141: 	   constant (ie = 1) over time d, the difference is equal to
 2142: 	   0.  out[s1][3] = savm[s1][3]: probability, being at state
 2143: 	   s1 at precedent wave, to be dead a month before current
 2144: 	   wave is equal to probability, being at state s1 at
 2145: 	   precedent wave, to be dead at mont of the current
 2146: 	   wave. Then the observed probability (that this person died)
 2147: 	   is null according to current estimated parameter. In fact,
 2148: 	   it should be very low but not zero otherwise the log go to
 2149: 	   infinity.
 2150: 	*/
 2151: /* #ifdef INFINITYORIGINAL */
 2152: /* 	    lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]); */
 2153: /* #else */
 2154: /* 	  if ((out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]) < mytinydouble)  */
 2155: /* 	    lli=log(mytinydouble); */
 2156: /* 	  else */
 2157: /* 	    lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]); */
 2158: /* #endif */
 2159: 	    lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
 2160: 
 2161: 	} else if  (s2==-2) {
 2162: 	  for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++) 
 2163: 	    survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
 2164: 	  /*survp += out[s1][j]; */
 2165: 	  lli= log(survp);
 2166: 	}
 2167: 	
 2168:  	else if  (s2==-4) { 
 2169: 	  for (j=3,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++)  
 2170: 	    survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
 2171:  	  lli= log(survp); 
 2172:  	} 
 2173: 
 2174:  	else if  (s2==-5) { 
 2175:  	  for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=2; j++)  
 2176: 	    survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
 2177:  	  lli= log(survp); 
 2178:  	} 
 2179: 	
 2180: 	else{
 2181: 	  lli= log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]); /* linear interpolation */
 2182: 	  /*  lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*(savm[s1][s2])):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]));*/ /* linear interpolation */
 2183: 	} 
 2184: 	/*lli=(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]);*/
 2185: 	/*if(lli ==000.0)*/
 2186: 	/*printf("bbh= %f lli=%f savm=%f out=%f %d\n",bbh,lli,savm[s1][s2], out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]],i); */
 2187:   	ipmx +=1;
 2188: 	sw += weight[i];
 2189: 	ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
 2190: 	/* if (lli < log(mytinydouble)){ */
 2191: 	/*   printf("Close to inf lli = %.10lf <  %.10lf i= %d mi= %d, s[%d][i]=%d s1=%d s2=%d\n", lli,log(mytinydouble), i, mi,mw[mi][i], s[mw[mi][i]][i], s1,s2); */
 2192: 	/*   fprintf(ficlog,"Close to inf lli = %.10lf i= %d mi= %d, s[mw[mi][i]][i]=%d\n", lli, i, mi,s[mw[mi][i]][i]); */
 2193: 	/* } */
 2194:       } /* end of wave */
 2195:     } /* end of individual */
 2196:   }  else if(mle==2){
 2197:     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
 2198:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+nagesqr+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
 2199:       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
 2200: 	for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
 2201: 	  for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 2202: 	    oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 2203: 	    savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 2204: 	  }
 2205: 	for(d=0; d<=dh[mi][i]; d++){
 2206: 	  newm=savm;
 2207: 	  agexact=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
 2208: 	  cov[2]=agexact;
 2209: 	  if(nagesqr==1)
 2210: 	    cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
 2211: 	  for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
 2212: 	    cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*agexact;
 2213: 	  }
 2214: 	  out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
 2215: 		       1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
 2216: 	  savm=oldm;
 2217: 	  oldm=newm;
 2218: 	} /* end mult */
 2219:       
 2220: 	s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
 2221: 	s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
 2222: 	bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm; 
 2223: 	lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*(savm[s1][s2])):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* linear interpolation */
 2224: 	ipmx +=1;
 2225: 	sw += weight[i];
 2226: 	ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
 2227:       } /* end of wave */
 2228:     } /* end of individual */
 2229:   }  else if(mle==3){  /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
 2230:     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
 2231:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+nagesqr+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
 2232:       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
 2233: 	for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
 2234: 	  for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 2235: 	    oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 2236: 	    savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 2237: 	  }
 2238: 	for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
 2239: 	  newm=savm;
 2240: 	  agexact=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
 2241: 	  cov[2]=agexact;
 2242: 	  if(nagesqr==1)
 2243: 	    cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
 2244: 	  for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
 2245: 	    cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*agexact;
 2246: 	  }
 2247: 	  out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
 2248: 		       1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
 2249: 	  savm=oldm;
 2250: 	  oldm=newm;
 2251: 	} /* end mult */
 2252:       
 2253: 	s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
 2254: 	s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
 2255: 	bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm; 
 2256: 	lli= (savm[s1][s2]>1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
 2257: 	ipmx +=1;
 2258: 	sw += weight[i];
 2259: 	ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
 2260:       } /* end of wave */
 2261:     } /* end of individual */
 2262:   }else if (mle==4){  /* ml=4 no inter-extrapolation */
 2263:     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
 2264:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+nagesqr+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
 2265:       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
 2266: 	for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
 2267: 	  for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 2268: 	    oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 2269: 	    savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 2270: 	  }
 2271: 	for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
 2272: 	  newm=savm;
 2273: 	  agexact=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
 2274: 	  cov[2]=agexact;
 2275: 	  if(nagesqr==1)
 2276: 	    cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
 2277: 	  for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
 2278: 	    cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*agexact;
 2279: 	  }
 2280: 	
 2281: 	  out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
 2282: 		       1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
 2283: 	  savm=oldm;
 2284: 	  oldm=newm;
 2285: 	} /* end mult */
 2286:       
 2287: 	s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
 2288: 	s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
 2289: 	if( s2 > nlstate){ 
 2290: 	  lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
 2291: 	}else{
 2292: 	  lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]); /* Original formula */
 2293: 	}
 2294: 	ipmx +=1;
 2295: 	sw += weight[i];
 2296: 	ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
 2297: /* 	printf("i=%6d s1=%1d s2=%1d mi=%1d mw=%1d dh=%3d prob=%10.6f w=%6.4f out=%10.6f sav=%10.6f\n",i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
 2298:       } /* end of wave */
 2299:     } /* end of individual */
 2300:   }else{  /* ml=5 no inter-extrapolation no jackson =0.8a */
 2301:     for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
 2302:       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+nagesqr+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
 2303:       for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
 2304: 	for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
 2305: 	  for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 2306: 	    oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 2307: 	    savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 2308: 	  }
 2309: 	for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
 2310: 	  newm=savm;
 2311: 	  agexact=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
 2312: 	  cov[2]=agexact;
 2313: 	  if(nagesqr==1)
 2314: 	    cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
 2315: 	  for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
 2316: 	    cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*agexact;
 2317: 	  }
 2318: 	
 2319: 	  out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
 2320: 		       1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
 2321: 	  savm=oldm;
 2322: 	  oldm=newm;
 2323: 	} /* end mult */
 2324:       
 2325: 	s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
 2326: 	s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
 2327: 	lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]); /* Original formula */
 2328: 	ipmx +=1;
 2329: 	sw += weight[i];
 2330: 	ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
 2331: 	/*printf("i=%6d s1=%1d s2=%1d mi=%1d mw=%1d dh=%3d prob=%10.6f w=%6.4f out=%10.6f sav=%10.6f\n",i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]);*/
 2332:       } /* end of wave */
 2333:     } /* end of individual */
 2334:   } /* End of if */
 2335:   for(k=1,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++) l += ll[k];
 2336:   /* printf("l1=%f l2=%f ",ll[1],ll[2]); */
 2337:   l= l*ipmx/sw; /* To get the same order of magnitude as if weight=1 for every body */
 2338:   return -l;
 2339: }
 2340: 
 2341: /*************** log-likelihood *************/
 2342: double funcone( double *x)
 2343: {
 2344:   /* Same as likeli but slower because of a lot of printf and if */
 2345:   int i, ii, j, k, mi, d, kk;
 2346:   double l, ll[NLSTATEMAX+1], cov[NCOVMAX+1];
 2347:   double **out;
 2348:   double lli; /* Individual log likelihood */
 2349:   double llt;
 2350:   int s1, s2;
 2351:   double bbh, survp;
 2352:   double agexact;
 2353:   /*extern weight */
 2354:   /* We are differentiating ll according to initial status */
 2355:   /*  for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) printf("%f ", x[i]);*/
 2356:   /*for(i=1;i<imx;i++) 
 2357:     printf(" %d\n",s[4][i]);
 2358:   */
 2359:   cov[1]=1.;
 2360: 
 2361:   for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) ll[k]=0.;
 2362: 
 2363:   for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
 2364:     for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+nagesqr+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
 2365:     for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
 2366:       for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
 2367: 	for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 2368: 	  oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 2369: 	  savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 2370: 	}
 2371:       for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
 2372: 	newm=savm;
 2373: 	agexact=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
 2374: 	cov[2]=agexact;
 2375: 	if(nagesqr==1)
 2376: 	  cov[3]= agexact*agexact;
 2377: 	for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
 2378: 	  cov[Tage[kk]+2+nagesqr]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*agexact;
 2379: 	}
 2380: 
 2381: 	/* savm=pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate); */
 2382: 	out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
 2383: 		     1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
 2384: 	/* out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, */
 2385: 	/* 	     1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate)); */
 2386: 	savm=oldm;
 2387: 	oldm=newm;
 2388:       } /* end mult */
 2389:       
 2390:       s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
 2391:       s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
 2392:       bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm; 
 2393:       /* bias is positive if real duration
 2394:        * is higher than the multiple of stepm and negative otherwise.
 2395:        */
 2396:       if( s2 > nlstate && (mle <5) ){  /* Jackson */
 2397: 	lli=log(out[s1][s2] - savm[s1][s2]);
 2398:       } else if  (s2==-2) {
 2399: 	for (j=1,survp=0. ; j<=nlstate; j++) 
 2400: 	  survp += (1.+bbh)*out[s1][j]- bbh*savm[s1][j];
 2401: 	lli= log(survp);
 2402:       }else if (mle==1){
 2403: 	lli= log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]); /* linear interpolation */
 2404:       } else if(mle==2){
 2405: 	lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* linear interpolation */
 2406:       } else if(mle==3){  /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
 2407: 	lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* exponential inter-extrapolation */
 2408:       } else if (mle==4){  /* mle=4 no inter-extrapolation */
 2409: 	lli=log(out[s1][s2]); /* Original formula */
 2410:       } else{  /* mle=0 back to 1 */
 2411: 	lli= log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*savm[s1][s2]); /* linear interpolation */
 2412: 	/*lli=log(out[s1][s2]); */ /* Original formula */
 2413:       } /* End of if */
 2414:       ipmx +=1;
 2415:       sw += weight[i];
 2416:       ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
 2417:       /*printf("i=%6d s1=%1d s2=%1d mi=%1d mw=%1d dh=%3d prob=%10.6f w=%6.4f out=%10.6f sav=%10.6f\n",i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
 2418:       if(globpr){
 2419: 	fprintf(ficresilk,"%9ld %6d %2d %2d %1d %1d %3d %11.6f %8.4f\
 2420:  %11.6f %11.6f %11.6f ", \
 2421: 		num[i],i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],
 2422: 		2*weight[i]*lli,out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]);
 2423: 	for(k=1,llt=0.,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++){
 2424: 	  llt +=ll[k]*gipmx/gsw;
 2425: 	  fprintf(ficresilk," %10.6f",-ll[k]*gipmx/gsw);
 2426: 	}
 2427: 	fprintf(ficresilk," %10.6f\n", -llt);
 2428:       }
 2429:     } /* end of wave */
 2430:   } /* end of individual */
 2431:   for(k=1,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++) l += ll[k];
 2432:   /* printf("l1=%f l2=%f ",ll[1],ll[2]); */
 2433:   l= l*ipmx/sw; /* To get the same order of magnitude as if weight=1 for every body */
 2434:   if(globpr==0){ /* First time we count the contributions and weights */
 2435:     gipmx=ipmx;
 2436:     gsw=sw;
 2437:   }
 2438:   return -l;
 2439: }
 2440: 
 2441: 
 2442: /*************** function likelione ***********/
 2443: void likelione(FILE *ficres,double p[], int npar, int nlstate, int *globpri, long *ipmx, double *sw, double *fretone, double (*funcone)(double []))
 2444: {
 2445:   /* This routine should help understanding what is done with 
 2446:      the selection of individuals/waves and
 2447:      to check the exact contribution to the likelihood.
 2448:      Plotting could be done.
 2449:    */
 2450:   int k;
 2451: 
 2452:   if(*globpri !=0){ /* Just counts and sums, no printings */
 2453:     strcpy(fileresilk,"ilk"); 
 2454:     strcat(fileresilk,fileres);
 2455:     if((ficresilk=fopen(fileresilk,"w"))==NULL) {
 2456:       printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresilk);
 2457:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresilk);
 2458:     }
 2459:     fprintf(ficresilk, "#individual(line's_record) s1 s2 wave# effective_wave# number_of_matrices_product pij weight -2ln(pij)*weight 0pij_x 0pij_(x-stepm) cumulating_loglikeli_by_health_state(reweighted=-2ll*weightXnumber_of_contribs/sum_of_weights) and_total\n");
 2460:     fprintf(ficresilk, "#num_i i s1 s2 mi mw dh likeli weight 2wlli out sav ");
 2461:     /* 	i,s1,s2,mi,mw[mi][i],dh[mi][i],exp(lli),weight[i],2*weight[i]*lli,out[s1][s2],savm[s1][s2]); */
 2462:     for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) 
 2463:       fprintf(ficresilk," -2*gipw/gsw*weight*ll[%d]++",k);
 2464:     fprintf(ficresilk," -2*gipw/gsw*weight*ll(total)\n");
 2465:   }
 2466: 
 2467:   *fretone=(*funcone)(p);
 2468:   if(*globpri !=0){
 2469:     fclose(ficresilk);
 2470:     fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>File of contributions to the likelihood: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n",subdirf(fileresilk),subdirf(fileresilk));
 2471:     fflush(fichtm); 
 2472:   } 
 2473:   return;
 2474: }
 2475: 
 2476: 
 2477: /*********** Maximum Likelihood Estimation ***************/
 2478: 
 2479: void mlikeli(FILE *ficres,double p[], int npar, int ncovmodel, int nlstate, double ftol, double (*func)(double []))
 2480: {
 2481:   int i,j, iter=0;
 2482:   double **xi;
 2483:   double fret;
 2484:   double fretone; /* Only one call to likelihood */
 2485:   /*  char filerespow[FILENAMELENGTH];*/
 2486: 
 2487: #ifdef NLOPT
 2488:   int creturn;
 2489:   nlopt_opt opt;
 2490:   /* double lb[9] = { -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VAL }; /\* lower bounds *\/ */
 2491:   double *lb;
 2492:   double minf; /* the minimum objective value, upon return */
 2493:   double * p1; /* Shifted parameters from 0 instead of 1 */
 2494:   myfunc_data dinst, *d = &dinst;
 2495: #endif
 2496: 
 2497: 
 2498:   xi=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
 2499:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
 2500:     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)
 2501:       xi[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 2502:   printf("Powell\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
 2503:   strcpy(filerespow,"pow"); 
 2504:   strcat(filerespow,fileres);
 2505:   if((ficrespow=fopen(filerespow,"w"))==NULL) {
 2506:     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
 2507:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
 2508:   }
 2509:   fprintf(ficrespow,"# Powell\n# iter -2*LL");
 2510:   for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
 2511:     for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
 2512:       if(j!=i)fprintf(ficrespow," p%1d%1d",i,j);
 2513:   fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");
 2514: #ifdef POWELL
 2515:   powell(p,xi,npar,ftol,&iter,&fret,func);
 2516: #endif
 2517: 
 2518: #ifdef NLOPT
 2519: #ifdef NEWUOA
 2520:   opt = nlopt_create(NLOPT_LN_NEWUOA,npar);
 2521: #else
 2522:   opt = nlopt_create(NLOPT_LN_BOBYQA,npar);
 2523: #endif
 2524:   lb=vector(0,npar-1);
 2525:   for (i=0;i<npar;i++) lb[i]= -HUGE_VAL;
 2526:   nlopt_set_lower_bounds(opt, lb);
 2527:   nlopt_set_initial_step1(opt, 0.1);
 2528:   
 2529:   p1= (p+1); /*  p *(p+1)@8 and p *(p1)@8 are equal p1[0]=p[1] */
 2530:   d->function = func;
 2531:   printf(" Func %.12lf \n",myfunc(npar,p1,NULL,d));
 2532:   nlopt_set_min_objective(opt, myfunc, d);
 2533:   nlopt_set_xtol_rel(opt, ftol);
 2534:   if ((creturn=nlopt_optimize(opt, p1, &minf)) < 0) {
 2535:     printf("nlopt failed! %d\n",creturn); 
 2536:   }
 2537:   else {
 2538:     printf("found minimum after %d evaluations (NLOPT=%d)\n", countcallfunc ,NLOPT);
 2539:     printf("found minimum at f(%g,%g) = %0.10g\n", p[0], p[1], minf);
 2540:     iter=1; /* not equal */
 2541:   }
 2542:   nlopt_destroy(opt);
 2543: #endif
 2544:   free_matrix(xi,1,npar,1,npar);
 2545:   fclose(ficrespow);
 2546:   printf("#Number of iterations & function calls = %d & %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f\n",iter, countcallfunc,func(p));
 2547:   fprintf(ficlog,"#Number of iterations & function calls = %d & %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f\n",iter, countcallfunc,func(p));
 2548:   fprintf(ficres,"#Number of iterations & function calls = %d & %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f\n",iter, countcallfunc,func(p));
 2549: 
 2550: }
 2551: 
 2552: /**** Computes Hessian and covariance matrix ***/
 2553: void hesscov(double **matcov, double p[], int npar, double delti[], double ftolhess, double (*func)(double []))
 2554: {
 2555:   double  **a,**y,*x,pd;
 2556:   double **hess;
 2557:   int i, j;
 2558:   int *indx;
 2559: 
 2560:   double hessii(double p[], double delta, int theta, double delti[],double (*func)(double []),int npar);
 2561:   double hessij(double p[], double delti[], int i, int j,double (*func)(double []),int npar);
 2562:   void lubksb(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double b[]) ;
 2563:   void ludcmp(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double *d) ;
 2564:   double gompertz(double p[]);
 2565:   hess=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
 2566: 
 2567:   printf("\nCalculation of the hessian matrix. Wait...\n");
 2568:   fprintf(ficlog,"\nCalculation of the hessian matrix. Wait...\n");
 2569:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){
 2570:     printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout);
 2571:     fprintf(ficlog,"%d",i);fflush(ficlog);
 2572:    
 2573:      hess[i][i]=hessii(p,ftolhess,i,delti,func,npar);
 2574:     
 2575:     /*  printf(" %f ",p[i]);
 2576: 	printf(" %lf %lf %lf",hess[i][i],ftolhess,delti[i]);*/
 2577:   }
 2578:   
 2579:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) {
 2580:     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)  {
 2581:       if (j>i) { 
 2582: 	printf(".%d%d",i,j);fflush(stdout);
 2583: 	fprintf(ficlog,".%d%d",i,j);fflush(ficlog);
 2584: 	hess[i][j]=hessij(p,delti,i,j,func,npar);
 2585: 	
 2586: 	hess[j][i]=hess[i][j];    
 2587: 	/*printf(" %lf ",hess[i][j]);*/
 2588:       }
 2589:     }
 2590:   }
 2591:   printf("\n");
 2592:   fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 2593: 
 2594:   printf("\nInverting the hessian to get the covariance matrix. Wait...\n");
 2595:   fprintf(ficlog,"\nInverting the hessian to get the covariance matrix. Wait...\n");
 2596:   
 2597:   a=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
 2598:   y=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
 2599:   x=vector(1,npar);
 2600:   indx=ivector(1,npar);
 2601:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
 2602:     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=hess[i][j];
 2603:   ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd);
 2604: 
 2605:   for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
 2606:     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0;
 2607:     x[j]=1;
 2608:     lubksb(a,npar,indx,x);
 2609:     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){ 
 2610:       matcov[i][j]=x[i];
 2611:     }
 2612:   }
 2613: 
 2614:   printf("\n#Hessian matrix#\n");
 2615:   fprintf(ficlog,"\n#Hessian matrix#\n");
 2616:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) { 
 2617:     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) { 
 2618:       printf("%.3e ",hess[i][j]);
 2619:       fprintf(ficlog,"%.3e ",hess[i][j]);
 2620:     }
 2621:     printf("\n");
 2622:     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 2623:   }
 2624: 
 2625:   /* Recompute Inverse */
 2626:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
 2627:     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=matcov[i][j];
 2628:   ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd);
 2629: 
 2630:   /*  printf("\n#Hessian matrix recomputed#\n");
 2631: 
 2632:   for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
 2633:     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0;
 2634:     x[j]=1;
 2635:     lubksb(a,npar,indx,x);
 2636:     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){ 
 2637:       y[i][j]=x[i];
 2638:       printf("%.3e ",y[i][j]);
 2639:       fprintf(ficlog,"%.3e ",y[i][j]);
 2640:     }
 2641:     printf("\n");
 2642:     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 2643:   }
 2644:   */
 2645: 
 2646:   free_matrix(a,1,npar,1,npar);
 2647:   free_matrix(y,1,npar,1,npar);
 2648:   free_vector(x,1,npar);
 2649:   free_ivector(indx,1,npar);
 2650:   free_matrix(hess,1,npar,1,npar);
 2651: 
 2652: 
 2653: }
 2654: 
 2655: /*************** hessian matrix ****************/
 2656: double hessii(double x[], double delta, int theta, double delti[], double (*func)(double []), int npar)
 2657: {
 2658:   int i;
 2659:   int l=1, lmax=20;
 2660:   double k1,k2;
 2661:   double p2[MAXPARM+1]; /* identical to x */
 2662:   double res;
 2663:   double delt=0.0001, delts, nkhi=10.,nkhif=1., khi=1.e-4;
 2664:   double fx;
 2665:   int k=0,kmax=10;
 2666:   double l1;
 2667: 
 2668:   fx=func(x);
 2669:   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i];
 2670:   for(l=0 ; l <=lmax; l++){  /* Enlarging the zone around the Maximum */
 2671:     l1=pow(10,l);
 2672:     delts=delt;
 2673:     for(k=1 ; k <kmax; k=k+1){
 2674:       delt = delta*(l1*k);
 2675:       p2[theta]=x[theta] +delt;
 2676:       k1=func(p2)-fx;   /* Might be negative if too close to the theoretical maximum */
 2677:       p2[theta]=x[theta]-delt;
 2678:       k2=func(p2)-fx;
 2679:       /*res= (k1-2.0*fx+k2)/delt/delt; */
 2680:       res= (k1+k2)/delt/delt/2.; /* Divided by because L and not 2*L */
 2681:       
 2682: #ifdef DEBUGHESS
 2683:       printf("%d %d k1=%.12e k2=%.12e xk1=%.12e xk2=%.12e delt=%.12e res=%.12e l=%d k=%d,fx=%.12e\n",theta,theta,k1,k2,x[theta]+delt,x[theta]-delt,delt,res, l, k,fx);
 2684:       fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k1=%.12e k2=%.12e xk1=%.12e xk2=%.12e delt=%.12e res=%.12e l=%d k=%d,fx=%.12e\n",theta,theta,k1,k2,x[theta]+delt,x[theta]-delt,delt,res, l, k,fx);
 2685: #endif
 2686:       /*if(fabs(k1-2.0*fx+k2) <1.e-13){ */
 2687:       if((k1 <khi/nkhi/2.) || (k2 <khi/nkhi/2.)){
 2688: 	k=kmax;
 2689:       }
 2690:       else if((k1 >khi/nkhif) || (k2 >khi/nkhif)){ /* Keeps lastvalue before 3.84/2 KHI2 5% 1d.f. */
 2691: 	k=kmax; l=lmax*10;
 2692:       }
 2693:       else if((k1 >khi/nkhi) || (k2 >khi/nkhi)){ 
 2694: 	delts=delt;
 2695:       }
 2696:     }
 2697:   }
 2698:   delti[theta]=delts;
 2699:   return res; 
 2700:   
 2701: }
 2702: 
 2703: double hessij( double x[], double delti[], int thetai,int thetaj,double (*func)(double []),int npar)
 2704: {
 2705:   int i;
 2706:   int l=1, lmax=20;
 2707:   double k1,k2,k3,k4,res,fx;
 2708:   double p2[MAXPARM+1];
 2709:   int k;
 2710: 
 2711:   fx=func(x);
 2712:   for (k=1; k<=2; k++) {
 2713:     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i];
 2714:     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;
 2715:     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;
 2716:     k1=func(p2)-fx;
 2717:   
 2718:     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;
 2719:     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;
 2720:     k2=func(p2)-fx;
 2721:   
 2722:     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;
 2723:     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;
 2724:     k3=func(p2)-fx;
 2725:   
 2726:     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;
 2727:     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;
 2728:     k4=func(p2)-fx;
 2729:     res=(k1-k2-k3+k4)/4.0/delti[thetai]*k/delti[thetaj]*k/2.; /* Because of L not 2*L */
 2730: #ifdef DEBUG
 2731:     printf("%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
 2732:     fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
 2733: #endif
 2734:   }
 2735:   return res;
 2736: }
 2737: 
 2738: /************** Inverse of matrix **************/
 2739: void ludcmp(double **a, int n, int *indx, double *d) 
 2740: { 
 2741:   int i,imax,j,k; 
 2742:   double big,dum,sum,temp; 
 2743:   double *vv; 
 2744:  
 2745:   vv=vector(1,n); 
 2746:   *d=1.0; 
 2747:   for (i=1;i<=n;i++) { 
 2748:     big=0.0; 
 2749:     for (j=1;j<=n;j++) 
 2750:       if ((temp=fabs(a[i][j])) > big) big=temp; 
 2751:     if (big == 0.0) nrerror("Singular matrix in routine ludcmp"); 
 2752:     vv[i]=1.0/big; 
 2753:   } 
 2754:   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
 2755:     for (i=1;i<j;i++) { 
 2756:       sum=a[i][j]; 
 2757:       for (k=1;k<i;k++) sum -= a[i][k]*a[k][j]; 
 2758:       a[i][j]=sum; 
 2759:     } 
 2760:     big=0.0; 
 2761:     for (i=j;i<=n;i++) { 
 2762:       sum=a[i][j]; 
 2763:       for (k=1;k<j;k++) 
 2764: 	sum -= a[i][k]*a[k][j]; 
 2765:       a[i][j]=sum; 
 2766:       if ( (dum=vv[i]*fabs(sum)) >= big) { 
 2767: 	big=dum; 
 2768: 	imax=i; 
 2769:       } 
 2770:     } 
 2771:     if (j != imax) { 
 2772:       for (k=1;k<=n;k++) { 
 2773: 	dum=a[imax][k]; 
 2774: 	a[imax][k]=a[j][k]; 
 2775: 	a[j][k]=dum; 
 2776:       } 
 2777:       *d = -(*d); 
 2778:       vv[imax]=vv[j]; 
 2779:     } 
 2780:     indx[j]=imax; 
 2781:     if (a[j][j] == 0.0) a[j][j]=TINY; 
 2782:     if (j != n) { 
 2783:       dum=1.0/(a[j][j]); 
 2784:       for (i=j+1;i<=n;i++) a[i][j] *= dum; 
 2785:     } 
 2786:   } 
 2787:   free_vector(vv,1,n);  /* Doesn't work */
 2788: ;
 2789: } 
 2790: 
 2791: void lubksb(double **a, int n, int *indx, double b[]) 
 2792: { 
 2793:   int i,ii=0,ip,j; 
 2794:   double sum; 
 2795:  
 2796:   for (i=1;i<=n;i++) { 
 2797:     ip=indx[i]; 
 2798:     sum=b[ip]; 
 2799:     b[ip]=b[i]; 
 2800:     if (ii) 
 2801:       for (j=ii;j<=i-1;j++) sum -= a[i][j]*b[j]; 
 2802:     else if (sum) ii=i; 
 2803:     b[i]=sum; 
 2804:   } 
 2805:   for (i=n;i>=1;i--) { 
 2806:     sum=b[i]; 
 2807:     for (j=i+1;j<=n;j++) sum -= a[i][j]*b[j]; 
 2808:     b[i]=sum/a[i][i]; 
 2809:   } 
 2810: } 
 2811: 
 2812: void pstamp(FILE *fichier)
 2813: {
 2814:   fprintf(fichier,"# %s.%s\n#%s\n#%s\n# %s", optionfilefiname,optionfilext,version,fullversion,strstart);
 2815: }
 2816: 
 2817: /************ Frequencies ********************/
 2818: void  freqsummary(char fileres[], int iagemin, int iagemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, int *Tvaraff, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, char strstart[])
 2819: {  /* Some frequencies */
 2820:   
 2821:   int i, m, jk, j1, bool, z1,j;
 2822:   int first;
 2823:   double ***freq; /* Frequencies */
 2824:   double *pp, **prop;
 2825:   double pos,posprop, k2, dateintsum=0,k2cpt=0;
 2826:   char fileresp[FILENAMELENGTH];
 2827:   
 2828:   pp=vector(1,nlstate);
 2829:   prop=matrix(1,nlstate,iagemin,iagemax+3);
 2830:   strcpy(fileresp,"p");
 2831:   strcat(fileresp,fileres);
 2832:   if((ficresp=fopen(fileresp,"w"))==NULL) {
 2833:     printf("Problem with prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresp);
 2834:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresp);
 2835:     exit(0);
 2836:   }
 2837:   freq= ma3x(-5,nlstate+ndeath,-5,nlstate+ndeath,iagemin,iagemax+3);
 2838:   j1=0;
 2839:   
 2840:   j=cptcoveff;
 2841:   if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
 2842: 
 2843:   first=1;
 2844: 
 2845:   /* for(k1=1; k1<=j ; k1++){ */  /* Loop on covariates */
 2846:   /*  for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){ */ /* Now it is 2 */
 2847:   /*    j1++; */
 2848:   for (j1 = 1; j1 <= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff); j1++){
 2849:       /*printf("cptcoveff=%d Tvaraff=%d", cptcoveff,Tvaraff[1]);
 2850: 	scanf("%d", i);*/
 2851:       for (i=-5; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)  
 2852: 	for (jk=-5; jk<=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)  
 2853: 	  for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
 2854: 	    freq[i][jk][m]=0;
 2855:       
 2856:       for (i=1; i<=nlstate; i++)  
 2857: 	for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
 2858: 	  prop[i][m]=0;
 2859:       
 2860:       dateintsum=0;
 2861:       k2cpt=0;
 2862:       for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
 2863: 	bool=1;
 2864: 	if  (cptcovn>0) { /* Filter is here: Must be looked at for model=V1+V2+V3+V4 */
 2865: 	  for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++)       
 2866:             if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]){
 2867:                 /* Tests if the value of each of the covariates of i is equal to filter j1 */
 2868:               bool=0;
 2869:               /* printf("bool=%d i=%d, z1=%d, Tvaraff[%d]=%d, covar[Tvarff][%d]=%2f, codtab[%d][%d]=%d, nbcode[Tvaraff][codtab[%d][%d]=%d, j1=%d\n", 
 2870:                 bool,i,z1, z1, Tvaraff[z1],i,covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i],j1,z1,codtab[j1][z1],
 2871:                 j1,z1,nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]],j1);*/
 2872:               /* For j1=7 in V1+V2+V3+V4 = 0 1 1 0 and codtab[7][3]=1 and nbcde[3][?]=1*/
 2873:             } 
 2874: 	}
 2875:  
 2876: 	if (bool==1){
 2877: 	  for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){
 2878: 	    k2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.);
 2879: 	    /*if ((k2>=dateprev1) && (k2<=dateprev2)) {*/
 2880: 	      if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=iagemax+1;
 2881: 	      if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=iagemax+2;
 2882: 	      if (s[m][i]>0 && s[m][i]<=nlstate) prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
 2883: 	      if (m<lastpass) {
 2884: 		freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
 2885: 		freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][iagemax+3] += weight[i];
 2886: 	      }
 2887: 	      
 2888: 	      if ((agev[m][i]>1) && (agev[m][i]< (iagemax+3))) {
 2889: 		dateintsum=dateintsum+k2;
 2890: 		k2cpt++;
 2891: 	      }
 2892: 	      /*}*/
 2893: 	  }
 2894: 	}
 2895:       } /* end i */
 2896:        
 2897:       /*      fprintf(ficresp, "#Count between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2);*/
 2898:       pstamp(ficresp);
 2899:       if  (cptcovn>0) {
 2900: 	fprintf(ficresp, "\n#********** Variable "); 
 2901: 	for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresp, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
 2902: 	fprintf(ficresp, "**********\n#");
 2903: 	fprintf(ficlog, "\n#********** Variable "); 
 2904: 	for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficlog, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
 2905: 	fprintf(ficlog, "**********\n#");
 2906:       }
 2907:       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) 
 2908: 	fprintf(ficresp, " Age Prev(%d) N(%d) N",i,i);
 2909:       fprintf(ficresp, "\n");
 2910:       
 2911:       for(i=iagemin; i <= iagemax+3; i++){
 2912: 	if(i==iagemax+3){
 2913: 	  fprintf(ficlog,"Total");
 2914: 	}else{
 2915: 	  if(first==1){
 2916: 	    first=0;
 2917: 	    printf("See log file for details...\n");
 2918: 	  }
 2919: 	  fprintf(ficlog,"Age %d", i);
 2920: 	}
 2921: 	for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
 2922: 	  for(m=-1, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath ; m++)
 2923: 	    pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i]; 
 2924: 	}
 2925: 	for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
 2926: 	  for(m=-1, pos=0; m <=0 ; m++)
 2927: 	    pos += freq[jk][m][i];
 2928: 	  if(pp[jk]>=1.e-10){
 2929: 	    if(first==1){
 2930: 	      printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pos/pp[jk]);
 2931: 	    }
 2932: 	    fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pos/pp[jk]);
 2933: 	  }else{
 2934: 	    if(first==1)
 2935: 	      printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
 2936: 	    fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
 2937: 	  }
 2938: 	}
 2939: 
 2940: 	for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
 2941: 	  for(m=0, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)
 2942: 	    pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];
 2943: 	}	
 2944: 	for(jk=1,pos=0,posprop=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
 2945: 	  pos += pp[jk];
 2946: 	  posprop += prop[jk][i];
 2947: 	}
 2948: 	for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
 2949: 	  if(pos>=1.e-5){
 2950: 	    if(first==1)
 2951: 	      printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pp[jk]/pos);
 2952: 	    fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pp[jk]/pos);
 2953: 	  }else{
 2954: 	    if(first==1)
 2955: 	      printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
 2956: 	    fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
 2957: 	  }
 2958: 	  if( i <= iagemax){
 2959: 	    if(pos>=1.e-5){
 2960: 	      fprintf(ficresp," %d %.5f %.0f %.0f",i,prop[jk][i]/posprop, prop[jk][i],posprop);
 2961: 	      /*probs[i][jk][j1]= pp[jk]/pos;*/
 2962: 	      /*printf("\ni=%d jk=%d j1=%d %.5f %.0f %.0f %f",i,jk,j1,pp[jk]/pos, pp[jk],pos,probs[i][jk][j1]);*/
 2963: 	    }
 2964: 	    else
 2965: 	      fprintf(ficresp," %d NaNq %.0f %.0f",i,prop[jk][i],posprop);
 2966: 	  }
 2967: 	}
 2968: 	
 2969: 	for(jk=-1; jk <=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)
 2970: 	  for(m=-1; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)
 2971: 	    if(freq[jk][m][i] !=0 ) {
 2972: 	    if(first==1)
 2973: 	      printf(" %d%d=%.0f",jk,m,freq[jk][m][i]);
 2974: 	      fprintf(ficlog," %d%d=%.0f",jk,m,freq[jk][m][i]);
 2975: 	    }
 2976: 	if(i <= iagemax)
 2977: 	  fprintf(ficresp,"\n");
 2978: 	if(first==1)
 2979: 	  printf("Others in log...\n");
 2980: 	fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 2981:       }
 2982:       /*}*/
 2983:   }
 2984:   dateintmean=dateintsum/k2cpt; 
 2985:  
 2986:   fclose(ficresp);
 2987:   free_ma3x(freq,-5,nlstate+ndeath,-5,nlstate+ndeath, iagemin, iagemax+3);
 2988:   free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);
 2989:   free_matrix(prop,1,nlstate,iagemin, iagemax+3);
 2990:   /* End of Freq */
 2991: }
 2992: 
 2993: /************ Prevalence ********************/
 2994: void prevalence(double ***probs, double agemin, double agemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, double dateprev1,double dateprev2, int firstpass, int lastpass)
 2995: {  
 2996:   /* Compute observed prevalence between dateprev1 and dateprev2 by counting the number of people
 2997:      in each health status at the date of interview (if between dateprev1 and dateprev2).
 2998:      We still use firstpass and lastpass as another selection.
 2999:   */
 3000:  
 3001:   int i, m, jk, j1, bool, z1,j;
 3002: 
 3003:   double **prop;
 3004:   double posprop; 
 3005:   double  y2; /* in fractional years */
 3006:   int iagemin, iagemax;
 3007:   int first; /** to stop verbosity which is redirected to log file */
 3008: 
 3009:   iagemin= (int) agemin;
 3010:   iagemax= (int) agemax;
 3011:   /*pp=vector(1,nlstate);*/
 3012:   prop=matrix(1,nlstate,iagemin,iagemax+3); 
 3013:   /*  freq=ma3x(-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath,iagemin,iagemax+3);*/
 3014:   j1=0;
 3015:   
 3016:   /*j=cptcoveff;*/
 3017:   if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
 3018:   
 3019:   first=1;
 3020:   for(j1=1; j1<= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff);j1++){
 3021:     /*for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
 3022:       j1++;*/
 3023:       
 3024:       for (i=1; i<=nlstate; i++)  
 3025: 	for(m=iagemin; m <= iagemax+3; m++)
 3026: 	  prop[i][m]=0.0;
 3027:      
 3028:       for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) { /* Each individual */
 3029: 	bool=1;
 3030: 	if  (cptcovn>0) {
 3031: 	  for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) 
 3032: 	    if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]) 
 3033: 	      bool=0;
 3034: 	} 
 3035: 	if (bool==1) { 
 3036: 	  for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){/* Other selection (we can limit to certain interviews*/
 3037: 	    y2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.); /* Fractional date in year */
 3038: 	    if ((y2>=dateprev1) && (y2<=dateprev2)) { /* Here is the main selection (fractional years) */
 3039: 	      if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=iagemax+1;
 3040: 	      if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=iagemax+2;
 3041: 	      if((int)agev[m][i] <iagemin || (int)agev[m][i] >iagemax+3) printf("Error on individual =%d agev[m][i]=%f m=%d\n",i, agev[m][i],m); 
 3042:  	      if (s[m][i]>0 && s[m][i]<=nlstate) { 
 3043: 		/*if(i>4620) printf(" i=%d m=%d s[m][i]=%d (int)agev[m][i]=%d weight[i]=%f prop=%f\n",i,m,s[m][i],(int)agev[m][m],weight[i],prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]]);*/
 3044:  		prop[s[m][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
 3045:  		prop[s[m][i]][iagemax+3] += weight[i]; 
 3046:  	      } 
 3047: 	    }
 3048: 	  } /* end selection of waves */
 3049: 	}
 3050:       }
 3051:       for(i=iagemin; i <= iagemax+3; i++){  
 3052:  	for(jk=1,posprop=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++) { 
 3053:  	  posprop += prop[jk][i]; 
 3054:  	} 
 3055: 	
 3056:  	for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){	    
 3057:  	  if( i <=  iagemax){ 
 3058:  	    if(posprop>=1.e-5){ 
 3059:  	      probs[i][jk][j1]= prop[jk][i]/posprop;
 3060:  	    } else{
 3061: 	      if(first==1){
 3062: 		first=0;
 3063: 		printf("Warning Observed prevalence probs[%d][%d][%d]=%lf because of lack of cases\nSee others on log file...\n",jk,i,j1,probs[i][jk][j1]);
 3064: 	      }
 3065: 	    }
 3066:  	  } 
 3067:  	}/* end jk */ 
 3068:       }/* end i */ 
 3069:     /*} *//* end i1 */
 3070:   } /* end j1 */
 3071:   
 3072:   /*  free_ma3x(freq,-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath, iagemin, iagemax+3);*/
 3073:   /*free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);*/
 3074:   free_matrix(prop,1,nlstate, iagemin,iagemax+3);
 3075: }  /* End of prevalence */
 3076: 
 3077: /************* Waves Concatenation ***************/
 3078: 
 3079: void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int **bh,  int **mw, int **s, double *agedc, double **agev, int  firstpass, int lastpass, int imx, int nlstate, int stepm)
 3080: {
 3081:   /* Concatenates waves: wav[i] is the number of effective (useful waves) of individual i.
 3082:      Death is a valid wave (if date is known).
 3083:      mw[mi][i] is the mi (mi=1 to wav[i])  effective wave of individual i
 3084:      dh[m][i] or dh[mw[mi][i]][i] is the delay between two effective waves m=mw[mi][i]
 3085:      and mw[mi+1][i]. dh depends on stepm.
 3086:      */
 3087: 
 3088:   int i, mi, m;
 3089:   /* int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl,jmin=1e+5, jmax=-1;
 3090:      double sum=0., jmean=0.;*/
 3091:   int first;
 3092:   int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl;
 3093:   double sum=0.;
 3094:   first=0;
 3095:   jmin=100000;
 3096:   jmax=-1;
 3097:   jmean=0.;
 3098:   for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){
 3099:     mi=0;
 3100:     m=firstpass;
 3101:     while(s[m][i] <= nlstate){
 3102:       if(s[m][i]>=1 || s[m][i]==-2 || s[m][i]==-4 || s[m][i]==-5)
 3103: 	mw[++mi][i]=m;
 3104:       if(m >=lastpass)
 3105: 	break;
 3106:       else
 3107: 	m++;
 3108:     }/* end while */
 3109:     if (s[m][i] > nlstate){
 3110:       mi++;	/* Death is another wave */
 3111:       /* if(mi==0)  never been interviewed correctly before death */
 3112: 	 /* Only death is a correct wave */
 3113:       mw[mi][i]=m;
 3114:     }
 3115: 
 3116:     wav[i]=mi;
 3117:     if(mi==0){
 3118:       nbwarn++;
 3119:       if(first==0){
 3120: 	printf("Warning! No valid information for individual %ld line=%d (skipped) and may be others, see log file\n",num[i],i);
 3121: 	first=1;
 3122:       }
 3123:       if(first==1){
 3124: 	fprintf(ficlog,"Warning! No valid information for individual %ld line=%d (skipped)\n",num[i],i);
 3125:       }
 3126:     } /* end mi==0 */
 3127:   } /* End individuals */
 3128: 
 3129:   for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){
 3130:     for(mi=1; mi<wav[i];mi++){
 3131:       if (stepm <=0)
 3132: 	dh[mi][i]=1;
 3133:       else{
 3134: 	if (s[mw[mi+1][i]][i] > nlstate) { /* A death */
 3135: 	  if (agedc[i] < 2*AGESUP) {
 3136: 	    j= rint(agedc[i]*12-agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12); 
 3137: 	    if(j==0) j=1;  /* Survives at least one month after exam */
 3138: 	    else if(j<0){
 3139: 	      nberr++;
 3140: 	      printf("Error! Negative delay (%d to death) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
 3141: 	      j=1; /* Temporary Dangerous patch */
 3142: 	      printf("   We assumed that the date of interview was correct (and not the date of death) and postponed the death %d month(s) (one stepm) after the interview. You MUST fix the contradiction between dates.\n",stepm);
 3143: 	      fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Negative delay (%d to death) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
 3144: 	      fprintf(ficlog,"   We assumed that the date of interview was correct (and not the date of death) and postponed the death %d month(s) (one stepm) after the interview. You MUST fix the contradiction between dates.\n",stepm);
 3145: 	    }
 3146: 	    k=k+1;
 3147: 	    if (j >= jmax){
 3148: 	      jmax=j;
 3149: 	      ijmax=i;
 3150: 	    }
 3151: 	    if (j <= jmin){
 3152: 	      jmin=j;
 3153: 	      ijmin=i;
 3154: 	    }
 3155: 	    sum=sum+j;
 3156: 	    /*if (j<0) printf("j=%d num=%d \n",j,i);*/
 3157: 	    /*	  printf("%d %d %d %d\n", s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i],j,i);*/
 3158: 	  }
 3159: 	}
 3160: 	else{
 3161: 	  j= rint( (agev[mw[mi+1][i]][i]*12 - agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12));
 3162: /* 	  if (j<0) printf("%d %lf %lf %d %d %d\n", i,agev[mw[mi+1][i]][i], agev[mw[mi][i]][i],j,s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]); */
 3163: 
 3164: 	  k=k+1;
 3165: 	  if (j >= jmax) {
 3166: 	    jmax=j;
 3167: 	    ijmax=i;
 3168: 	  }
 3169: 	  else if (j <= jmin){
 3170: 	    jmin=j;
 3171: 	    ijmin=i;
 3172: 	  }
 3173: 	  /*	    if (j<10) printf("j=%d jmin=%d num=%d ",j,jmin,i); */
 3174: 	  /*printf("%d %lf %d %d %d\n", i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],j,s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);*/
 3175: 	  if(j<0){
 3176: 	    nberr++;
 3177: 	    printf("Error! Negative delay (%d) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
 3178: 	    fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Negative delay (%d) between waves %d and %d of individual %ld at line %d who is aged %.1f with statuses from %d to %d\n ",j,mw[mi][i],mw[mi+1][i],num[i], i,agev[mw[mi][i]][i],s[mw[mi][i]][i] ,s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]);
 3179: 	  }
 3180: 	  sum=sum+j;
 3181: 	}
 3182: 	jk= j/stepm;
 3183: 	jl= j -jk*stepm;
 3184: 	ju= j -(jk+1)*stepm;
 3185: 	if(mle <=1){ /* only if we use a the linear-interpoloation pseudo-likelihood */
 3186: 	  if(jl==0){
 3187: 	    dh[mi][i]=jk;
 3188: 	    bh[mi][i]=0;
 3189: 	  }else{ /* We want a negative bias in order to only have interpolation ie
 3190: 		  * to avoid the price of an extra matrix product in likelihood */
 3191: 	    dh[mi][i]=jk+1;
 3192: 	    bh[mi][i]=ju;
 3193: 	  }
 3194: 	}else{
 3195: 	  if(jl <= -ju){
 3196: 	    dh[mi][i]=jk;
 3197: 	    bh[mi][i]=jl;	/* bias is positive if real duration
 3198: 				 * is higher than the multiple of stepm and negative otherwise.
 3199: 				 */
 3200: 	  }
 3201: 	  else{
 3202: 	    dh[mi][i]=jk+1;
 3203: 	    bh[mi][i]=ju;
 3204: 	  }
 3205: 	  if(dh[mi][i]==0){
 3206: 	    dh[mi][i]=1; /* At least one step */
 3207: 	    bh[mi][i]=ju; /* At least one step */
 3208: 	    /*  printf(" bh=%d ju=%d jl=%d dh=%d jk=%d stepm=%d %d\n",bh[mi][i],ju,jl,dh[mi][i],jk,stepm,i);*/
 3209: 	  }
 3210: 	} /* end if mle */
 3211:       }
 3212:     } /* end wave */
 3213:   }
 3214:   jmean=sum/k;
 3215:   printf("Delay (in months) between two waves Min=%d (for indiviudal %ld) Max=%d (%ld) Mean=%f\n\n ",jmin, num[ijmin], jmax, num[ijmax], jmean);
 3216:   fprintf(ficlog,"Delay (in months) between two waves Min=%d (for indiviudal %d) Max=%d (%d) Mean=%f\n\n ",jmin, ijmin, jmax, ijmax, jmean);
 3217:  }
 3218: 
 3219: /*********** Tricode ****************************/
 3220: void tricode(int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int imx, int *Ndum)
 3221: {
 3222:   /**< Uses cptcovn+2*cptcovprod as the number of covariates */
 3223:   /*	  Tvar[i]=atoi(stre);  find 'n' in Vn and stores in Tvar. If model=V2+V1 Tvar[1]=2 and Tvar[2]=1 
 3224:    * Boring subroutine which should only output nbcode[Tvar[j]][k]
 3225:    * Tvar[5] in V2+V1+V3*age+V2*V4 is 2 (V2)
 3226:    * nbcode[Tvar[j]][1]= 
 3227:   */
 3228: 
 3229:   int ij=1, k=0, j=0, i=0, maxncov=NCOVMAX;
 3230:   int modmaxcovj=0; /* Modality max of covariates j */
 3231:   int cptcode=0; /* Modality max of covariates j */
 3232:   int modmincovj=0; /* Modality min of covariates j */
 3233: 
 3234: 
 3235:   cptcoveff=0; 
 3236:  
 3237:   for (k=-1; k < maxncov; k++) Ndum[k]=0;
 3238:   for (k=1; k <= maxncov; k++) ncodemax[k]=0; /* Horrible constant again replaced by NCOVMAX */
 3239: 
 3240:   /* Loop on covariates without age and products */
 3241:   for (j=1; j<=(cptcovs); j++) { /* From model V1 + V2*age+ V3 + V3*V4 keeps V1 + V3 = 2 only */
 3242:     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) { /* Loop on individuals: reads the data file to get the maximum value of the 
 3243: 			       modality of this covariate Vj*/ 
 3244:       ij=(int)(covar[Tvar[j]][i]); /* ij=0 or 1 or -1. Value of the covariate Tvar[j] for individual i
 3245: 				    * If product of Vn*Vm, still boolean *:
 3246: 				    * If it was coded 1, 2, 3, 4 should be splitted into 3 boolean variables
 3247: 				    * 1 => 0 0 0, 2 => 0 0 1, 3 => 0 1 1, 4=1 0 0   */
 3248:       /* Finds for covariate j, n=Tvar[j] of Vn . ij is the
 3249: 				      modality of the nth covariate of individual i. */
 3250:       if (ij > modmaxcovj)
 3251:         modmaxcovj=ij; 
 3252:       else if (ij < modmincovj) 
 3253: 	modmincovj=ij; 
 3254:       if ((ij < -1) && (ij > NCOVMAX)){
 3255: 	printf( "Error: minimal is less than -1 or maximal is bigger than %d. Exiting. \n", NCOVMAX );
 3256: 	exit(1);
 3257:       }else
 3258:       Ndum[ij]++; /*counts and stores the occurence of this modality 0, 1, -1*/
 3259:       /*  If coded 1, 2, 3 , counts the number of 1 Ndum[1], number of 2, Ndum[2], etc */
 3260:       /*printf("i=%d ij=%d Ndum[ij]=%d imx=%d",i,ij,Ndum[ij],imx);*/
 3261:       /* getting the maximum value of the modality of the covariate
 3262: 	 (should be 0 or 1 now) Tvar[j]. If V=sex and male is coded 0 and
 3263: 	 female is 1, then modmaxcovj=1.*/
 3264:     } /* end for loop on individuals */
 3265:     printf(" Minimal and maximal values of %d th covariate V%d: min=%d max=%d \n", j, Tvar[j], modmincovj, modmaxcovj);
 3266:     cptcode=modmaxcovj;
 3267:     /* Ndum[0] = frequency of 0 for model-covariate j, Ndum[1] frequency of 1 etc. */
 3268:    /*for (i=0; i<=cptcode; i++) {*/
 3269:     for (i=modmincovj;  i<=modmaxcovj; i++) { /* i=-1 ? 0 and 1*//* For each value of the modality of model-cov j */
 3270:       printf("Frequencies of covariates %d ie V%d with value %d: %d\n", j, Tvar[j], i, Ndum[i]);
 3271:       if( Ndum[i] != 0 ){ /* Counts if nobody answered, empty modality */
 3272: 	ncodemax[j]++;  /* ncodemax[j]= Number of non-null modalities of the j th covariate. */
 3273:       }
 3274:       /* In fact  ncodemax[j]=2 (dichotom. variables only) but it could be more for
 3275: 	 historical reasons: 3 if coded 1, 2, 3 and 4 and Ndum[2]=0 */
 3276:     } /* Ndum[-1] number of undefined modalities */
 3277: 
 3278:     /* j is a covariate, n=Tvar[j] of Vn; Fills nbcode */
 3279:     /* For covariate j, modalities could be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. 
 3280:        If Ndum[1]=0, Ndum[2]=0, Ndum[3]= 635, Ndum[4]=0, Ndum[5]=0, Ndum[6]=27, Ndum[7]=125;
 3281:        modmincovj=3; modmaxcovj = 7;
 3282:        There are only 3 modalities non empty 3, 6, 7 (or 2 if 27 is too few) : ncodemax[j]=3;
 3283:        which will be coded 0, 1, 2 which in binary on 2=3-1 digits are 0=00 1=01, 2=10;
 3284:        defining two dummy variables: variables V1_1 and V1_2.
 3285:        nbcode[Tvar[j]][ij]=k;
 3286:        nbcode[Tvar[j]][1]=0;
 3287:        nbcode[Tvar[j]][2]=1;
 3288:        nbcode[Tvar[j]][3]=2;
 3289:     */
 3290:     ij=1; /* ij is similar to i but can jumps over null modalities */
 3291:     for (i=modmincovj; i<=modmaxcovj; i++) { /* i= 1 to 2 for dichotomous, or from 1 to 3 */
 3292:       for (k=0; k<= cptcode; k++) { /* k=-1 ? k=0 to 1 *//* Could be 1 to 4 */
 3293: 	/*recode from 0 */
 3294: 	if (Ndum[k] != 0) { /* If at least one individual responded to this modality k */
 3295: 	  nbcode[Tvar[j]][ij]=k;  /* stores the modality k in an array nbcode. 
 3296: 				     k is a modality. If we have model=V1+V1*sex 
 3297: 				     then: nbcode[1][1]=0 ; nbcode[1][2]=1; nbcode[2][1]=0 ; nbcode[2][2]=1; */
 3298: 	  ij++;
 3299: 	}
 3300: 	if (ij > ncodemax[j]) break; 
 3301:       }  /* end of loop on */
 3302:     } /* end of loop on modality */ 
 3303:   } /* end of loop on model-covariate j. nbcode[Tvarj][1]=0 and nbcode[Tvarj][2]=1 sets the value of covariate j*/  
 3304:   
 3305:  for (k=-1; k< maxncov; k++) Ndum[k]=0; 
 3306:   
 3307:   for (i=1; i<=ncovmodel-2-nagesqr; i++) { /* -2, cste and age and eventually age*age */ 
 3308:    /* Listing of all covariables in statement model to see if some covariates appear twice. For example, V1 appears twice in V1+V1*V2.*/ 
 3309:    ij=Tvar[i]; /* Tvar might be -1 if status was unknown */ 
 3310:    Ndum[ij]++; /* Might be supersed V1 + V1*age */
 3311:  } 
 3312: 
 3313:  ij=1;
 3314:  for (i=0; i<=  maxncov-1; i++) { /* modmaxcovj is unknown here. Only Ndum[2(V2),3(age*V3), 5(V3*V2) 6(V1*V4) */
 3315:    /*printf("Ndum[%d]=%d\n",i, Ndum[i]);*/
 3316:    if((Ndum[i]!=0) && (i<=ncovcol)){
 3317:      /*printf("diff Ndum[%d]=%d\n",i, Ndum[i]);*/
 3318:      Tvaraff[ij]=i; /*For printing (unclear) */
 3319:      ij++;
 3320:    }else
 3321:        Tvaraff[ij]=0;
 3322:  }
 3323:  ij--;
 3324:  cptcoveff=ij; /*Number of total covariates*/
 3325: 
 3326: }
 3327: 
 3328: 
 3329: /*********** Health Expectancies ****************/
 3330: 
 3331: void evsij(double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int cij, int estepm,char strstart[] )
 3332: 
 3333: {
 3334:   /* Health expectancies, no variances */
 3335:   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm;
 3336:   int nhstepma, nstepma; /* Decreasing with age */
 3337:   double age, agelim, hf;
 3338:   double ***p3mat;
 3339:   double eip;
 3340: 
 3341:   pstamp(ficreseij);
 3342:   fprintf(ficreseij,"# (a) Life expectancies by health status at initial age and (b) health expectancies by health status at initial age\n");
 3343:   fprintf(ficreseij,"# Age");
 3344:   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
 3345:     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
 3346:       fprintf(ficreseij," e%1d%1d ",i,j);
 3347:     }
 3348:     fprintf(ficreseij," e%1d. ",i);
 3349:   }
 3350:   fprintf(ficreseij,"\n");
 3351: 
 3352:   
 3353:   if(estepm < stepm){
 3354:     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
 3355:   }
 3356:   else  hstepm=estepm;   
 3357:   /* We compute the life expectancy from trapezoids spaced every estepm months
 3358:    * This is mainly to measure the difference between two models: for example
 3359:    * if stepm=24 months pijx are given only every 2 years and by summing them
 3360:    * we are calculating an estimate of the Life Expectancy assuming a linear 
 3361:    * progression in between and thus overestimating or underestimating according
 3362:    * to the curvature of the survival function. If, for the same date, we 
 3363:    * estimate the model with stepm=1 month, we can keep estepm to 24 months
 3364:    * to compare the new estimate of Life expectancy with the same linear 
 3365:    * hypothesis. A more precise result, taking into account a more precise
 3366:    * curvature will be obtained if estepm is as small as stepm. */
 3367: 
 3368:   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
 3369:   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm. 
 3370:      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim 
 3371:      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin. 
 3372:      Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size
 3373:      and note for a fixed period like estepm months */
 3374:   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
 3375:      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
 3376:      means that if the survival funtion is printed only each two years of age and if
 3377:      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same 
 3378:      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
 3379:   */
 3380:   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */ 
 3381: 
 3382:   agelim=AGESUP;
 3383:   /* If stepm=6 months */
 3384:     /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepm matrices, stored
 3385:        in an array of nhstepm length: nhstepm=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
 3386:     
 3387: /* nhstepm age range expressed in number of stepm */
 3388:   nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm); /* Biggest nstepm */
 3389:   /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */ 
 3390:   /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
 3391:   nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
 3392:   p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 3393: 
 3394:   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ 
 3395:     nstepma=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm); /* Biggest nstepm */
 3396:     /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */ 
 3397:     /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
 3398:     nhstepma = nstepma/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepma=40/4=10 */
 3399: 
 3400:     /* If stepm=6 months */
 3401:     /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepma matrices, stored
 3402:        in an array of nhstepma length: nhstepma=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
 3403:     
 3404:     hpxij(p3mat,nhstepma,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, cij);  
 3405:     
 3406:     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
 3407:     
 3408:     printf("%d|",(int)age);fflush(stdout);
 3409:     fprintf(ficlog,"%d|",(int)age);fflush(ficlog);
 3410:     
 3411:     /* Computing expectancies */
 3412:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3413:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
 3414: 	for (h=0, eij[i][j][(int)age]=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
 3415: 	  eij[i][j][(int)age] += (p3mat[i][j][h]+p3mat[i][j][h+1])/2.0*hf;
 3416: 	  
 3417: 	  /* if((int)age==70)printf("i=%2d,j=%2d,h=%2d,age=%3d,%9.4f,%9.4f,%9.4f\n",i,j,h,(int)age,p3mat[i][j][h],hf,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
 3418: 
 3419: 	}
 3420: 
 3421:     fprintf(ficreseij,"%3.0f",age );
 3422:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
 3423:       eip=0;
 3424:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
 3425: 	eip +=eij[i][j][(int)age];
 3426: 	fprintf(ficreseij,"%9.4f", eij[i][j][(int)age] );
 3427:       }
 3428:       fprintf(ficreseij,"%9.4f", eip );
 3429:     }
 3430:     fprintf(ficreseij,"\n");
 3431:     
 3432:   }
 3433:   free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 3434:   printf("\n");
 3435:   fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 3436:   
 3437: }
 3438: 
 3439: void cvevsij(double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int cij, int estepm,double delti[],double **matcov,char strstart[] )
 3440: 
 3441: {
 3442:   /* Covariances of health expectancies eij and of total life expectancies according
 3443:    to initial status i, ei. .
 3444:   */
 3445:   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm, k, cptj, cptj2, i2, j2, ij, ji;
 3446:   int nhstepma, nstepma; /* Decreasing with age */
 3447:   double age, agelim, hf;
 3448:   double ***p3matp, ***p3matm, ***varhe;
 3449:   double **dnewm,**doldm;
 3450:   double *xp, *xm;
 3451:   double **gp, **gm;
 3452:   double ***gradg, ***trgradg;
 3453:   int theta;
 3454: 
 3455:   double eip, vip;
 3456: 
 3457:   varhe=ma3x(1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
 3458:   xp=vector(1,npar);
 3459:   xm=vector(1,npar);
 3460:   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
 3461:   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate);
 3462:   
 3463:   pstamp(ficresstdeij);
 3464:   fprintf(ficresstdeij,"# Health expectancies with standard errors\n");
 3465:   fprintf(ficresstdeij,"# Age");
 3466:   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
 3467:     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
 3468:       fprintf(ficresstdeij," e%1d%1d (SE)",i,j);
 3469:     fprintf(ficresstdeij," e%1d. ",i);
 3470:   }
 3471:   fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n");
 3472: 
 3473:   pstamp(ficrescveij);
 3474:   fprintf(ficrescveij,"# Subdiagonal matrix of covariances of health expectancies by age: cov(eij,ekl)\n");
 3475:   fprintf(ficrescveij,"# Age");
 3476:   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3477:     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
 3478:       cptj= (j-1)*nlstate+i;
 3479:       for(i2=1; i2<=nlstate;i2++)
 3480: 	for(j2=1; j2<=nlstate;j2++){
 3481: 	  cptj2= (j2-1)*nlstate+i2;
 3482: 	  if(cptj2 <= cptj)
 3483: 	    fprintf(ficrescveij,"  %1d%1d,%1d%1d",i,j,i2,j2);
 3484: 	}
 3485:     }
 3486:   fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n");
 3487:   
 3488:   if(estepm < stepm){
 3489:     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
 3490:   }
 3491:   else  hstepm=estepm;   
 3492:   /* We compute the life expectancy from trapezoids spaced every estepm months
 3493:    * This is mainly to measure the difference between two models: for example
 3494:    * if stepm=24 months pijx are given only every 2 years and by summing them
 3495:    * we are calculating an estimate of the Life Expectancy assuming a linear 
 3496:    * progression in between and thus overestimating or underestimating according
 3497:    * to the curvature of the survival function. If, for the same date, we 
 3498:    * estimate the model with stepm=1 month, we can keep estepm to 24 months
 3499:    * to compare the new estimate of Life expectancy with the same linear 
 3500:    * hypothesis. A more precise result, taking into account a more precise
 3501:    * curvature will be obtained if estepm is as small as stepm. */
 3502: 
 3503:   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
 3504:   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm. 
 3505:      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim 
 3506:      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin. 
 3507:      Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size
 3508:      and note for a fixed period like estepm months */
 3509:   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
 3510:      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
 3511:      means that if the survival funtion is printed only each two years of age and if
 3512:      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same 
 3513:      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
 3514:   */
 3515:   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */ 
 3516: 
 3517:   /* If stepm=6 months */
 3518:   /* nhstepm age range expressed in number of stepm */
 3519:   agelim=AGESUP;
 3520:   nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm); 
 3521:   /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */ 
 3522:   /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
 3523:   nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
 3524:   
 3525:   p3matp=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 3526:   p3matm=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 3527:   gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate*nlstate);
 3528:   trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
 3529:   gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
 3530:   gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
 3531: 
 3532:   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ 
 3533:     nstepma=(int) rint((agelim-bage)*YEARM/stepm); /* Biggest nstepm */
 3534:     /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */ 
 3535:     /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
 3536:     nhstepma = nstepma/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepma=40/4=10 */
 3537: 
 3538:     /* If stepm=6 months */
 3539:     /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepma matrices, stored
 3540:        in an array of nhstepma length: nhstepma=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
 3541:     
 3542:     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
 3543: 
 3544:     /* Computing  Variances of health expectancies */
 3545:     /* Gradient is computed with plus gp and minus gm. Code is duplicated in order to
 3546:        decrease memory allocation */
 3547:     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
 3548:       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ 
 3549: 	xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
 3550: 	xm[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
 3551:       }
 3552:       hpxij(p3matp,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, cij);  
 3553:       hpxij(p3matm,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xm,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, cij);  
 3554:   
 3555:       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
 3556: 	for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++){
 3557: 	  for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
 3558: 	    gp[h][(j-1)*nlstate + i] = (p3matp[i][j][h]+p3matp[i][j][h+1])/2.;
 3559: 	    gm[h][(j-1)*nlstate + i] = (p3matm[i][j][h]+p3matm[i][j][h+1])/2.;
 3560: 	  }
 3561: 	}
 3562:       }
 3563:      
 3564:       for(ij=1; ij<= nlstate*nlstate; ij++)
 3565: 	for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
 3566: 	  gradg[h][theta][ij]= (gp[h][ij]-gm[h][ij])/2./delti[theta];
 3567: 	}
 3568:     }/* End theta */
 3569:     
 3570:     
 3571:     for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++)
 3572:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate*nlstate;j++)
 3573: 	for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
 3574: 	  trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];
 3575:     
 3576: 
 3577:      for(ij=1;ij<=nlstate*nlstate;ij++)
 3578:       for(ji=1;ji<=nlstate*nlstate;ji++)
 3579: 	varhe[ij][ji][(int)age] =0.;
 3580: 
 3581:      printf("%d|",(int)age);fflush(stdout);
 3582:      fprintf(ficlog,"%d|",(int)age);fflush(ficlog);
 3583:      for(h=0;h<=nhstepm-1;h++){
 3584:       for(k=0;k<=nhstepm-1;k++){
 3585: 	matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
 3586: 	matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate*nlstate,gradg[k]);
 3587: 	for(ij=1;ij<=nlstate*nlstate;ij++)
 3588: 	  for(ji=1;ji<=nlstate*nlstate;ji++)
 3589: 	    varhe[ij][ji][(int)age] += doldm[ij][ji]*hf*hf;
 3590:       }
 3591:     }
 3592: 
 3593:     /* Computing expectancies */
 3594:     hpxij(p3matm,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, cij);  
 3595:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3596:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
 3597: 	for (h=0, eij[i][j][(int)age]=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
 3598: 	  eij[i][j][(int)age] += (p3matm[i][j][h]+p3matm[i][j][h+1])/2.0*hf;
 3599: 	  
 3600: 	  /* if((int)age==70)printf("i=%2d,j=%2d,h=%2d,age=%3d,%9.4f,%9.4f,%9.4f\n",i,j,h,(int)age,p3mat[i][j][h],hf,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
 3601: 
 3602: 	}
 3603: 
 3604:     fprintf(ficresstdeij,"%3.0f",age );
 3605:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
 3606:       eip=0.;
 3607:       vip=0.;
 3608:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
 3609: 	eip += eij[i][j][(int)age];
 3610: 	for(k=1; k<=nlstate;k++) /* Sum on j and k of cov(eij,eik) */
 3611: 	  vip += varhe[(j-1)*nlstate+i][(k-1)*nlstate+i][(int)age];
 3612: 	fprintf(ficresstdeij," %9.4f (%.4f)", eij[i][j][(int)age], sqrt(varhe[(j-1)*nlstate+i][(j-1)*nlstate+i][(int)age]) );
 3613:       }
 3614:       fprintf(ficresstdeij," %9.4f (%.4f)", eip, sqrt(vip));
 3615:     }
 3616:     fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n");
 3617: 
 3618:     fprintf(ficrescveij,"%3.0f",age );
 3619:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3620:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
 3621: 	cptj= (j-1)*nlstate+i;
 3622: 	for(i2=1; i2<=nlstate;i2++)
 3623: 	  for(j2=1; j2<=nlstate;j2++){
 3624: 	    cptj2= (j2-1)*nlstate+i2;
 3625: 	    if(cptj2 <= cptj)
 3626: 	      fprintf(ficrescveij," %.4f", varhe[cptj][cptj2][(int)age]);
 3627: 	  }
 3628:       }
 3629:     fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n");
 3630:    
 3631:   }
 3632:   free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
 3633:   free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate);
 3634:   free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate*nlstate);
 3635:   free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
 3636:   free_ma3x(p3matm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 3637:   free_ma3x(p3matp,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 3638:   printf("\n");
 3639:   fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 3640: 
 3641:   free_vector(xm,1,npar);
 3642:   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
 3643:   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,npar);
 3644:   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate);
 3645:   free_ma3x(varhe,1,nlstate*nlstate,1,nlstate*nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
 3646: }
 3647: 
 3648: /************ Variance ******************/
 3649: void varevsij(char optionfilefiname[], double ***vareij, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij, int estepm, int cptcov, int cptcod, int popbased, int mobilav, char strstart[])
 3650: {
 3651:   /* Variance of health expectancies */
 3652:   /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double ** savm,double ftolpl);*/
 3653:   /* double **newm;*/
 3654:   /* int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav)*/
 3655:   
 3656:   int movingaverage();
 3657:   double **dnewm,**doldm;
 3658:   double **dnewmp,**doldmp;
 3659:   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm ;
 3660:   int k;
 3661:   double *xp;
 3662:   double **gp, **gm;  /* for var eij */
 3663:   double ***gradg, ***trgradg; /*for var eij */
 3664:   double **gradgp, **trgradgp; /* for var p point j */
 3665:   double *gpp, *gmp; /* for var p point j */
 3666:   double **varppt; /* for var p point j nlstate to nlstate+ndeath */
 3667:   double ***p3mat;
 3668:   double age,agelim, hf;
 3669:   double ***mobaverage;
 3670:   int theta;
 3671:   char digit[4];
 3672:   char digitp[25];
 3673: 
 3674:   char fileresprobmorprev[FILENAMELENGTH];
 3675: 
 3676:   if(popbased==1){
 3677:     if(mobilav!=0)
 3678:       strcpy(digitp,"-populbased-mobilav-");
 3679:     else strcpy(digitp,"-populbased-nomobil-");
 3680:   }
 3681:   else 
 3682:     strcpy(digitp,"-stablbased-");
 3683: 
 3684:   if (mobilav!=0) {
 3685:     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 3686:     if (movingaverage(probs, bage, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
 3687:       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
 3688:       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
 3689:     }
 3690:   }
 3691: 
 3692:   strcpy(fileresprobmorprev,"prmorprev"); 
 3693:   sprintf(digit,"%-d",ij);
 3694:   /*printf("DIGIT=%s, ij=%d ijr=%-d|\n",digit, ij,ij);*/
 3695:   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digit); /* Tvar to be done */
 3696:   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digitp); /* Popbased or not, mobilav or not */
 3697:   strcat(fileresprobmorprev,fileres);
 3698:   if((ficresprobmorprev=fopen(fileresprobmorprev,"w"))==NULL) {
 3699:     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
 3700:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
 3701:   }
 3702:   printf("Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
 3703:  
 3704:   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
 3705:   pstamp(ficresprobmorprev);
 3706:   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# probabilities of dying before estepm=%d months for people of exact age and weighted probabilities w1*p1j+w2*p2j+... stand dev in()\n",estepm);
 3707:   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# Age cov=%-d",ij);
 3708:   for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
 3709:     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," p.%-d SE",j);
 3710:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3711:       fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," w%1d p%-d%-d",i,i,j);
 3712:   }  
 3713:   fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
 3714:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varevsij");
 3715:   /* fprintf(fichtm, "#Local time at start: %s", strstart);*/
 3716:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing probabilities of dying over estepm months as a weighted average (i.e global mortality independent of initial healh state)</h4></li>\n");
 3717:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>%s  <br>\n",digitp);
 3718: /*   } */
 3719:   varppt = matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
 3720:   pstamp(ficresvij);
 3721:   fprintf(ficresvij,"# Variance and covariance of health expectancies e.j \n#  (weighted average of eij where weights are ");
 3722:   if(popbased==1)
 3723:     fprintf(ficresvij,"the age specific prevalence observed (cross-sectionally) in the population i.e cross-sectionally\n in each health state (popbased=1) (mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
 3724:   else
 3725:     fprintf(ficresvij,"the age specific period (stable) prevalences in each health state \n");
 3726:   fprintf(ficresvij,"# Age");
 3727:   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3728:     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
 3729:       fprintf(ficresvij," Cov(e.%1d, e.%1d)",i,j);
 3730:   fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
 3731: 
 3732:   xp=vector(1,npar);
 3733:   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
 3734:   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
 3735:   dnewmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
 3736:   doldmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
 3737: 
 3738:   gradgp=matrix(1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
 3739:   gpp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
 3740:   gmp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
 3741:   trgradgp =matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
 3742:   
 3743:   if(estepm < stepm){
 3744:     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
 3745:   }
 3746:   else  hstepm=estepm;   
 3747:   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
 3748:   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm. 
 3749:      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim 
 3750:      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin. 
 3751:      Look at function hpijx to understand why (it is linked to memory size questions) */
 3752:   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
 3753:      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
 3754:      means that if the survival funtion is printed every two years of age and if
 3755:      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same 
 3756:      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
 3757:   */
 3758:   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */ 
 3759:   agelim = AGESUP;
 3760:   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
 3761:     nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */ 
 3762:     nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
 3763:     p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 3764:     gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
 3765:     gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
 3766:     gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
 3767: 
 3768: 
 3769:     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
 3770:       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient x + delta*/
 3771: 	xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
 3772:       }
 3773:       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);  
 3774:       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
 3775: 
 3776:       if (popbased==1) {
 3777: 	if(mobilav ==0){
 3778: 	  for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3779: 	    prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
 3780: 	}else{ /* mobilav */ 
 3781: 	  for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3782: 	    prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
 3783: 	}
 3784:       }
 3785:   
 3786:       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
 3787: 	for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
 3788: 	  for(i=1, gp[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
 3789: 	    gp[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
 3790: 	}
 3791:       }
 3792:       /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
 3793:          computed over hstepm matrices product = hstepm*stepm months) 
 3794:          as a weighted average of prlim.
 3795:       */
 3796:       for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 3797: 	for(i=1,gpp[j]=0.; i<= nlstate; i++)
 3798: 	  gpp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
 3799:       }    
 3800:       /* end probability of death */
 3801: 
 3802:       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient x - delta */
 3803: 	xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
 3804:       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);  
 3805:       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
 3806:  
 3807:       if (popbased==1) {
 3808: 	if(mobilav ==0){
 3809: 	  for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3810: 	    prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
 3811: 	}else{ /* mobilav */ 
 3812: 	  for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3813: 	    prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
 3814: 	}
 3815:       }
 3816: 
 3817:       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){  /* Sum of wi * eij = e.j */
 3818: 	for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
 3819: 	  for(i=1, gm[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
 3820: 	    gm[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
 3821: 	}
 3822:       }
 3823:       /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
 3824:          computed over hstepm matrices product = hstepm*stepm months) 
 3825:          as a weighted average of prlim.
 3826:       */
 3827:       for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 3828: 	for(i=1,gmp[j]=0.; i<= nlstate; i++)
 3829:          gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
 3830:       }    
 3831:       /* end probability of death */
 3832: 
 3833:       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++) /* vareij */
 3834: 	for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
 3835: 	  gradg[h][theta][j]= (gp[h][j]-gm[h][j])/2./delti[theta];
 3836: 	}
 3837: 
 3838:       for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ /* var mu */
 3839: 	gradgp[theta][j]= (gpp[j]-gmp[j])/2./delti[theta];
 3840:       }
 3841: 
 3842:     } /* End theta */
 3843: 
 3844:     trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar); /* veij */
 3845: 
 3846:     for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++) /* veij */
 3847:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
 3848: 	for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
 3849: 	  trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];
 3850: 
 3851:     for(j=nlstate+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) /* mu */
 3852:       for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
 3853: 	trgradgp[j][theta]=gradgp[theta][j];
 3854:   
 3855: 
 3856:     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
 3857:     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
 3858:       for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
 3859: 	vareij[i][j][(int)age] =0.;
 3860: 
 3861:     for(h=0;h<=nhstepm;h++){
 3862:       for(k=0;k<=nhstepm;k++){
 3863: 	matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
 3864: 	matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg[k]);
 3865: 	for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
 3866: 	  for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
 3867: 	    vareij[i][j][(int)age] += doldm[i][j]*hf*hf;
 3868:       }
 3869:     }
 3870:   
 3871:     /* pptj */
 3872:     matprod2(dnewmp,trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
 3873:     matprod2(doldmp,dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,gradgp);
 3874:     for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
 3875:       for(i=nlstate+1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
 3876: 	varppt[j][i]=doldmp[j][i];
 3877:     /* end ppptj */
 3878:     /*  x centered again */
 3879:     hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);  
 3880:     prevalim(prlim,nlstate,x,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
 3881:  
 3882:     if (popbased==1) {
 3883:       if(mobilav ==0){
 3884: 	for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3885: 	  prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
 3886:       }else{ /* mobilav */ 
 3887: 	for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3888: 	  prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
 3889:       }
 3890:     }
 3891:              
 3892:     /* This for computing probability of death (h=1 means
 3893:        computed over hstepm (estepm) matrices product = hstepm*stepm months) 
 3894:        as a weighted average of prlim.
 3895:     */
 3896:     for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 3897:       for(i=1,gmp[j]=0.;i<= nlstate; i++) 
 3898: 	gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1]; 
 3899:     }    
 3900:     /* end probability of death */
 3901: 
 3902:     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"%3d %d ",(int) age, ij);
 3903:     for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
 3904:       fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e",gmp[j], sqrt(varppt[j][j]));
 3905:       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
 3906: 	fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e ",prlim[i][i],p3mat[i][j][1]);
 3907:       }
 3908:     } 
 3909:     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
 3910: 
 3911:     fprintf(ficresvij,"%.0f ",age );
 3912:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3913:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
 3914: 	fprintf(ficresvij," %.4f", vareij[i][j][(int)age]);
 3915:       }
 3916:     fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
 3917:     free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
 3918:     free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
 3919:     free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
 3920:     free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
 3921:     free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 3922:   } /* End age */
 3923:   free_vector(gpp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
 3924:   free_vector(gmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
 3925:   free_matrix(gradgp,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
 3926:   free_matrix(trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
 3927:   fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset parametric;unset label; set ter png small size 320, 240");
 3928:   /* for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ *//* Only the first actually */
 3929:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n set log y; unset log x;set xlabel \"Age\"; set ylabel \"Force of mortality (year-1)\";");
 3930: /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n plot \"%s\"  u 1:($3*%6.3f) not w l 1 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
 3931: /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3+1.96*$4)*%6.3f) t \"95\%% interval\" w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
 3932: /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3-1.96*$4)*%6.3f) not w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm); */
 3933:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n plot \"%s\"  u 1:($3) not w l lt 1 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
 3934:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3+1.96*$4)) t \"95%% interval\" w l lt 2 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
 3935:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3-1.96*$4)) not w l lt 2 ",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
 3936:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> File (multiple files are possible if covariates are present): <A href=\"%s\">%s</a>\n",subdirf(fileresprobmorprev),subdirf(fileresprobmorprev));
 3937:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months. <br> <img src=\"%s%s.png\"> <br>\n", estepm,subdirf3(optionfilefiname,"varmuptjgr",digitp),digit);
 3938:   /*  fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months and then divided by estepm and multiplied by %.0f in order to have the probability to die over a year <br> <img src=\"varmuptjgr%s%s.png\"> <br>\n", stepm,YEARM,digitp,digit);
 3939: */
 3940: /*   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"varmuptjgr%s%s%s.png\";replot;",digitp,optionfilefiname,digit); */
 3941:   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%s.png\";replot;\n",subdirf3(optionfilefiname,"varmuptjgr",digitp),digit);
 3942: 
 3943:   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
 3944:   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
 3945:   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
 3946:   free_matrix(doldmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
 3947:   free_matrix(dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
 3948:   free_matrix(varppt,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
 3949:   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 3950:   fclose(ficresprobmorprev);
 3951:   fflush(ficgp);
 3952:   fflush(fichtm); 
 3953: }  /* end varevsij */
 3954: 
 3955: /************ Variance of prevlim ******************/
 3956: void varprevlim(char fileres[], double **varpl, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij, char strstart[])
 3957: {
 3958:   /* Variance of prevalence limit */
 3959:   /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double **savm,double ftolpl);*/
 3960: 
 3961:   double **dnewm,**doldm;
 3962:   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm;
 3963:   double *xp;
 3964:   double *gp, *gm;
 3965:   double **gradg, **trgradg;
 3966:   double age,agelim;
 3967:   int theta;
 3968:   
 3969:   pstamp(ficresvpl);
 3970:   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Standard deviation of period (stable) prevalences \n");
 3971:   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Age");
 3972:   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 3973:       fprintf(ficresvpl," %1d-%1d",i,i);
 3974:   fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
 3975: 
 3976:   xp=vector(1,npar);
 3977:   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
 3978:   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
 3979:   
 3980:   hstepm=1*YEARM; /* Every year of age */
 3981:   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if j= 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */ 
 3982:   agelim = AGESUP;
 3983:   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
 3984:     nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */ 
 3985:     if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;
 3986:     nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */
 3987:     gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,nlstate);
 3988:     gp=vector(1,nlstate);
 3989:     gm=vector(1,nlstate);
 3990: 
 3991:     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
 3992:       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient */
 3993: 	xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
 3994:       }
 3995:       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
 3996:       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
 3997: 	gp[i] = prlim[i][i];
 3998:     
 3999:       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient */
 4000: 	xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
 4001:       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
 4002:       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
 4003: 	gm[i] = prlim[i][i];
 4004: 
 4005:       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
 4006: 	gradg[theta][i]= (gp[i]-gm[i])/2./delti[theta];
 4007:     } /* End theta */
 4008: 
 4009:     trgradg =matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
 4010: 
 4011:     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
 4012:       for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
 4013: 	trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
 4014: 
 4015:     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
 4016:       varpl[i][(int)age] =0.;
 4017:     matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
 4018:     matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg);
 4019:     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
 4020:       varpl[i][(int)age] = doldm[i][i]; /* Covariances are useless */
 4021: 
 4022:     fprintf(ficresvpl,"%.0f ",age );
 4023:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 4024:       fprintf(ficresvpl," %.5f (%.5f)",prlim[i][i],sqrt(varpl[i][(int)age]));
 4025:     fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
 4026:     free_vector(gp,1,nlstate);
 4027:     free_vector(gm,1,nlstate);
 4028:     free_matrix(gradg,1,npar,1,nlstate);
 4029:     free_matrix(trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar);
 4030:   } /* End age */
 4031: 
 4032:   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
 4033:   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
 4034:   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
 4035: 
 4036: }
 4037: 
 4038: /************ Variance of one-step probabilities  ******************/
 4039: void varprob(char optionfilefiname[], double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, double bage, double fage, int ij, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax, char strstart[])
 4040: {
 4041:   int i, j=0,  k1, l1, tj;
 4042:   int k2, l2, j1,  z1;
 4043:   int k=0, l;
 4044:   int first=1, first1, first2;
 4045:   double cv12, mu1, mu2, lc1, lc2, v12, v21, v11, v22,v1,v2, c12, tnalp;
 4046:   double **dnewm,**doldm;
 4047:   double *xp;
 4048:   double *gp, *gm;
 4049:   double **gradg, **trgradg;
 4050:   double **mu;
 4051:   double age, cov[NCOVMAX+1];
 4052:   double std=2.0; /* Number of standard deviation wide of confidence ellipsoids */
 4053:   int theta;
 4054:   char fileresprob[FILENAMELENGTH];
 4055:   char fileresprobcov[FILENAMELENGTH];
 4056:   char fileresprobcor[FILENAMELENGTH];
 4057:   double ***varpij;
 4058: 
 4059:   strcpy(fileresprob,"prob"); 
 4060:   strcat(fileresprob,fileres);
 4061:   if((ficresprob=fopen(fileresprob,"w"))==NULL) {
 4062:     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
 4063:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
 4064:   }
 4065:   strcpy(fileresprobcov,"probcov"); 
 4066:   strcat(fileresprobcov,fileres);
 4067:   if((ficresprobcov=fopen(fileresprobcov,"w"))==NULL) {
 4068:     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
 4069:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
 4070:   }
 4071:   strcpy(fileresprobcor,"probcor"); 
 4072:   strcat(fileresprobcor,fileres);
 4073:   if((ficresprobcor=fopen(fileresprobcor,"w"))==NULL) {
 4074:     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
 4075:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
 4076:   }
 4077:   printf("Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
 4078:   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
 4079:   printf("Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
 4080:   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
 4081:   printf("and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
 4082:   fprintf(ficlog,"and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
 4083:   pstamp(ficresprob);
 4084:   fprintf(ficresprob,"#One-step probabilities and stand. devi in ()\n");
 4085:   fprintf(ficresprob,"# Age");
 4086:   pstamp(ficresprobcov);
 4087:   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"#One-step probabilities and covariance matrix\n");
 4088:   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"# Age");
 4089:   pstamp(ficresprobcor);
 4090:   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"#One-step probabilities and correlation matrix\n");
 4091:   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"# Age");
 4092: 
 4093: 
 4094:   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 4095:     for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
 4096:       fprintf(ficresprob," p%1d-%1d (SE)",i,j);
 4097:       fprintf(ficresprobcov," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
 4098:       fprintf(ficresprobcor," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
 4099:     }  
 4100:  /* fprintf(ficresprob,"\n");
 4101:   fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n");
 4102:   fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n");
 4103:  */
 4104:   xp=vector(1,npar);
 4105:   dnewm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
 4106:   doldm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
 4107:   mu=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath), (int) bage, (int)fage);
 4108:   varpij=ma3x(1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int) fage);
 4109:   first=1;
 4110:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varprob");
 4111:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing and drawing one step probabilities with their confidence intervals</h4></li>\n");
 4112:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n");
 4113: 
 4114:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> <a href=\"%s\">Matrix of variance-covariance of pairs of step probabilities (drawings)</a></h4></li>\n",optionfilehtmcov);
 4115:   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<h4>Matrix of variance-covariance of pairs of step probabilities</h4>\n\
 4116:   file %s<br>\n",optionfilehtmcov);
 4117:   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\nEllipsoids of confidence centered on point (p<inf>ij</inf>, p<inf>kl</inf>) are estimated\
 4118: and drawn. It helps understanding how is the covariance between two incidences.\
 4119:  They are expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> in order to be less dependent of stepm.<br>\n");
 4120:   fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br> Contour plot corresponding to x'cov<sup>-1</sup>x = 4 (where x is the column vector (pij,pkl)) are drawn. \
 4121: It can be understood this way: if pij and pkl where uncorrelated the (2x2) matrix of covariance \
 4122: would have been (1/(var pij), 0 , 0, 1/(var pkl)), and the confidence interval would be 2 \
 4123: standard deviations wide on each axis. <br>\
 4124:  Now, if both incidences are correlated (usual case) we diagonalised the inverse of the covariance matrix\
 4125:  and made the appropriate rotation to look at the uncorrelated principal directions.<br>\
 4126: To be simple, these graphs help to understand the significativity of each parameter in relation to a second other one.<br> \n");
 4127: 
 4128:   cov[1]=1;
 4129:   /* tj=cptcoveff; */
 4130:   tj = (int) pow(2,cptcoveff);
 4131:   if (cptcovn<1) {tj=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
 4132:   j1=0;
 4133:   for(j1=1; j1<=tj;j1++){
 4134:     /*for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[t];i1++){ */
 4135:     /*j1++;*/
 4136:       if  (cptcovn>0) {
 4137: 	fprintf(ficresprob, "\n#********** Variable "); 
 4138: 	for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprob, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
 4139: 	fprintf(ficresprob, "**********\n#\n");
 4140: 	fprintf(ficresprobcov, "\n#********** Variable "); 
 4141: 	for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcov, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
 4142: 	fprintf(ficresprobcov, "**********\n#\n");
 4143: 	
 4144: 	fprintf(ficgp, "\n#********** Variable "); 
 4145: 	for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficgp, " V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
 4146: 	fprintf(ficgp, "**********\n#\n");
 4147: 	
 4148: 	
 4149: 	fprintf(fichtmcov, "\n<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">********** Variable "); 
 4150: 	for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(fichtm, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
 4151: 	fprintf(fichtmcov, "**********\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
 4152: 	
 4153: 	fprintf(ficresprobcor, "\n#********** Variable ");    
 4154: 	for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcor, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
 4155: 	fprintf(ficresprobcor, "**********\n#");    
 4156:       }
 4157:       
 4158:       gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
 4159:       trgradg=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
 4160:       gp=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
 4161:       gm=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
 4162:       for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ 
 4163: 	cov[2]=age;
 4164: 	if(nagesqr==1)
 4165: 	  cov[3]= age*age;
 4166: 	for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {
 4167: 	  cov[2+nagesqr+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[j1][Tvar[k]]];/* j1 1 2 3 4
 4168: 							 * 1  1 1 1 1
 4169: 							 * 2  2 1 1 1
 4170: 							 * 3  1 2 1 1
 4171: 							 */
 4172: 	  /* nbcode[1][1]=0 nbcode[1][2]=1;*/
 4173: 	}
 4174: 	/* for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2]; */
 4175: 	for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=nbcode[Tvar[Tage[k]]][codtab[ij][Tvar[Tage[k]]]]*cov[2];
 4176: 	for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)
 4177: 	  cov[2+nagesqr+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
 4178: 	
 4179:     
 4180: 	for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
 4181: 	  for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
 4182: 	    xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:(double)0);
 4183: 	  
 4184: 	  pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
 4185: 	  
 4186: 	  k=0;
 4187: 	  for(i=1; i<= (nlstate); i++){
 4188: 	    for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
 4189: 	      k=k+1;
 4190: 	      gp[k]=pmmij[i][j];
 4191: 	    }
 4192: 	  }
 4193: 	  
 4194: 	  for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
 4195: 	    xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:(double)0);
 4196:     
 4197: 	  pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
 4198: 	  k=0;
 4199: 	  for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
 4200: 	    for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
 4201: 	      k=k+1;
 4202: 	      gm[k]=pmmij[i][j];
 4203: 	    }
 4204: 	  }
 4205:      
 4206: 	  for(i=1; i<= (nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath); i++) 
 4207: 	    gradg[theta][i]=(gp[i]-gm[i])/(double)2./delti[theta];  
 4208: 	}
 4209: 
 4210: 	for(j=1; j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
 4211: 	  for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
 4212: 	    trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
 4213: 	
 4214: 	matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,npar,matcov); 
 4215: 	matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),gradg);
 4216: 
 4217: 	pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate);
 4218: 	
 4219: 	k=0;
 4220: 	for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
 4221: 	  for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
 4222: 	    k=k+1;
 4223: 	    mu[k][(int) age]=pmmij[i][j];
 4224: 	  }
 4225: 	}
 4226:      	for(i=1;i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
 4227: 	  for(j=1;j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
 4228: 	    varpij[i][j][(int)age] = doldm[i][j];
 4229: 
 4230: 	/*printf("\n%d ",(int)age);
 4231: 	  for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
 4232: 	  printf("%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
 4233: 	  fprintf(ficlog,"%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
 4234: 	  }*/
 4235: 
 4236: 	fprintf(ficresprob,"\n%d ",(int)age);
 4237: 	fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d ",(int)age);
 4238: 	fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d ",(int)age);
 4239: 
 4240: 	for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
 4241: 	  fprintf(ficresprob,"%11.3e (%11.3e) ",mu[i][(int) age],sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int)age]));
 4242: 	for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
 4243: 	  fprintf(ficresprobcov,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
 4244: 	  fprintf(ficresprobcor,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
 4245: 	}
 4246: 	i=0;
 4247: 	for (k=1; k<=(nlstate);k++){
 4248:  	  for (l=1; l<=(nlstate+ndeath);l++){ 
 4249:  	    i++;
 4250: 	    fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
 4251: 	    fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
 4252: 	    for (j=1; j<=i;j++){
 4253: 	      /* printf(" k=%d l=%d i=%d j=%d\n",k,l,i,j);fflush(stdout); */
 4254: 	      fprintf(ficresprobcov," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int)age]);
 4255: 	      fprintf(ficresprobcor," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int) age]/sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int) age])/sqrt(varpij[j][j][(int)age]));
 4256: 	    }
 4257: 	  }
 4258: 	}/* end of loop for state */
 4259:       } /* end of loop for age */
 4260:       free_vector(gp,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
 4261:       free_vector(gm,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
 4262:       free_matrix(trgradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
 4263:       free_matrix(gradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
 4264:       
 4265:       /* Confidence intervalle of pij  */
 4266:       /*
 4267: 	fprintf(ficgp,"\nunset parametric;unset label");
 4268: 	fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;unset log x; set xlabel \"Age\";set ylabel \"probability (year-1)\"");
 4269: 	fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65");
 4270: 	fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>Probability with  confidence intervals expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> :<a href=\"pijgr%s.png\">pijgr%s.png</A>, ",optionfilefiname,optionfilefiname);
 4271: 	fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br><img src=\"pijgr%s.png\"> ",optionfilefiname);
 4272: 	fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"pijgr%s.png\"",optionfilefiname);
 4273: 	fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",k1,k2,xfilevarprob);
 4274:       */
 4275: 
 4276:       /* Drawing ellipsoids of confidence of two variables p(k1-l1,k2-l2)*/
 4277:       first1=1;first2=2;
 4278:       for (k2=1; k2<=(nlstate);k2++){
 4279: 	for (l2=1; l2<=(nlstate+ndeath);l2++){ 
 4280: 	  if(l2==k2) continue;
 4281: 	  j=(k2-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l2;
 4282: 	  for (k1=1; k1<=(nlstate);k1++){
 4283: 	    for (l1=1; l1<=(nlstate+ndeath);l1++){ 
 4284: 	      if(l1==k1) continue;
 4285: 	      i=(k1-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l1;
 4286: 	      if(i<=j) continue;
 4287: 	      for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ 
 4288: 		if ((int)age %5==0){
 4289: 		  v1=varpij[i][i][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
 4290: 		  v2=varpij[j][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
 4291: 		  cv12=varpij[i][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
 4292: 		  mu1=mu[i][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM ;
 4293: 		  mu2=mu[j][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM;
 4294: 		  c12=cv12/sqrt(v1*v2);
 4295: 		  /* Computing eigen value of matrix of covariance */
 4296: 		  lc1=((v1+v2)+sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
 4297: 		  lc2=((v1+v2)-sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
 4298: 		  if ((lc2 <0) || (lc1 <0) ){
 4299: 		    if(first2==1){
 4300: 		      first1=0;
 4301: 		    printf("Strange: j1=%d One eigen value of 2x2 matrix of covariance is negative, lc1=%11.3e, lc2=%11.3e, v1=%11.3e, v2=%11.3e, cv12=%11.3e.\n It means that the matrix was not well estimated (varpij), for i=%2d, j=%2d, age=%4d .\n See files %s and %s. Probably WRONG RESULTS. See log file for details...\n", j1, lc1, lc2, v1, v2, cv12, i, j, (int)age,fileresprobcov, fileresprobcor);
 4302: 		    }
 4303: 		    fprintf(ficlog,"Strange: j1=%d One eigen value of 2x2 matrix of covariance is negative, lc1=%11.3e, lc2=%11.3e, v1=%11.3e, v2=%11.3e, cv12=%11.3e.\n It means that the matrix was not well estimated (varpij), for i=%2d, j=%2d, age=%4d .\n See files %s and %s. Probably WRONG RESULTS.\n", j1, lc1, lc2, v1, v2, cv12, i, j, (int)age,fileresprobcov, fileresprobcor);fflush(ficlog);
 4304: 		    /* lc1=fabs(lc1); */ /* If we want to have them positive */
 4305: 		    /* lc2=fabs(lc2); */
 4306: 		  }
 4307: 
 4308: 		  /* Eigen vectors */
 4309: 		  v11=(1./sqrt(1+(v1-lc1)*(v1-lc1)/cv12/cv12));
 4310: 		  /*v21=sqrt(1.-v11*v11); *//* error */
 4311: 		  v21=(lc1-v1)/cv12*v11;
 4312: 		  v12=-v21;
 4313: 		  v22=v11;
 4314: 		  tnalp=v21/v11;
 4315: 		  if(first1==1){
 4316: 		    first1=0;
 4317: 		    printf("%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tang %.3f\nOthers in log...\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
 4318: 		  }
 4319: 		  fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tan %.3f\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
 4320: 		  /*printf(fignu*/
 4321: 		  /* mu1+ v11*lc1*cost + v12*lc2*sin(t) */
 4322: 		  /* mu2+ v21*lc1*cost + v22*lc2*sin(t) */
 4323: 		  if(first==1){
 4324: 		    first=0;
 4325:  		    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset parametric;unset label");
 4326: 		    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;set log x; set xlabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\";set ylabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\"",k1,l1,k2,l2);
 4327: 		    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small size 320, 240");
 4328: 		    fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br>Ellipsoids of confidence cov(p%1d%1d,p%1d%1d) expressed in year<sup>-1</sup>\
 4329:  :<a href=\"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\">\
 4330: %s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png</A>, ",k1,l1,k2,l2,\
 4331: 			    subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2,\
 4332: 			    subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
 4333: 		    fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br><img src=\"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\"> ",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
 4334: 		    fprintf(fichtmcov,"\n<br> Correlation at age %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
 4335: 		    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\"",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
 4336: 		    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
 4337: 		    fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
 4338: 		    fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot [-pi:pi] %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not",\
 4339: 			    mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(lc2),\
 4340: 			    mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(lc2));
 4341: 		  }else{
 4342: 		    first=0;
 4343: 		    fprintf(fichtmcov," %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
 4344: 		    fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
 4345: 		    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
 4346: 		    fprintf(ficgp,"\nreplot %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not",\
 4347: 			    mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(lc2),\
 4348: 			    mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(lc2));
 4349: 		  }/* if first */
 4350: 		} /* age mod 5 */
 4351: 	      } /* end loop age */
 4352: 	      fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\";replot;",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"varpijgr"), j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
 4353: 	      first=1;
 4354: 	    } /*l12 */
 4355: 	  } /* k12 */
 4356: 	} /*l1 */
 4357:       }/* k1 */
 4358:       /* } */ /* loop covariates */
 4359:   }
 4360:   free_ma3x(varpij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath,(int) bage, (int)fage);
 4361:   free_matrix(mu,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int)fage);
 4362:   free_matrix(doldm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
 4363:   free_matrix(dnewm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
 4364:   free_vector(xp,1,npar);
 4365:   fclose(ficresprob);
 4366:   fclose(ficresprobcov);
 4367:   fclose(ficresprobcor);
 4368:   fflush(ficgp);
 4369:   fflush(fichtmcov);
 4370: }
 4371: 
 4372: 
 4373: /******************* Printing html file ***********/
 4374: void printinghtml(char fileres[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \
 4375: 		  int lastpass, int stepm, int weightopt, char model[],\
 4376: 		  int imx,int jmin, int jmax, double jmeanint,char rfileres[],\
 4377: 		  int popforecast, int estepm ,\
 4378: 		  double jprev1, double mprev1,double anprev1, \
 4379: 		  double jprev2, double mprev2,double anprev2){
 4380:   int jj1, k1, i1, cpt;
 4381: 
 4382:    fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><a href='#firstorder'>Result files (first order: no variance)</a>\n \
 4383:    <li><a href='#secondorder'>Result files (second order (variance)</a>\n \
 4384: </ul>");
 4385:    fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4><a name='firstorder'>Result files (first order: no variance)</a></h4>\n \
 4386:  - Observed prevalence in each state (during the period defined between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n ",
 4387: 	   jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,subdirf2(fileres,"p"),subdirf2(fileres,"p"));
 4388:    fprintf(fichtm,"\
 4389:  - Estimated transition probabilities over %d (stepm) months: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n ",
 4390: 	   stepm,subdirf2(fileres,"pij"),subdirf2(fileres,"pij"));
 4391:    fprintf(fichtm,"\
 4392:  - Period (stable) prevalence in each health state: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
 4393: 	   subdirf2(fileres,"pl"),subdirf2(fileres,"pl"));
 4394:    fprintf(fichtm,"\
 4395:  - (a) Life expectancies by health status at initial age, ei. (b) health expectancies by health status at initial age, eij . If one or more covariates are included, specific tables for each value of the covariate are output in sequences within the same file (estepm=%2d months): \
 4396:    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
 4397: 	   estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"e"),subdirf2(fileres,"e"));
 4398:    fprintf(fichtm,"\
 4399:  - Population projections by age and states: \
 4400:    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>", subdirf2(fileres,"f"),subdirf2(fileres,"f"));
 4401: 
 4402: fprintf(fichtm," \n<ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
 4403: 
 4404:  m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
 4405:  if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
 4406: 
 4407:  jj1=0;
 4408:  for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){
 4409:    for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
 4410:      jj1++;
 4411:      if (cptcovn > 0) {
 4412:        fprintf(fichtm,"<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">************ Results for covariates");
 4413:        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++) 
 4414: 	 fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtab[jj1][cpt]]);
 4415:        fprintf(fichtm," ************\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
 4416:      }
 4417:      /* Pij */
 4418:      fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Pij or Conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i, %d (stepm) months before: <a href=\"%s%d_1.png\">%s%d_1.png</a><br> \
 4419: <img src=\"%s%d_1.png\">",stepm,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1);     
 4420:      /* Quasi-incidences */
 4421:      fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Pij or Conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i %d (stepm) months\
 4422:  before but expressed in per year i.e. quasi incidences if stepm is small and probabilities too: <a href=\"%s%d_2.png\">%s%d_2.png</a><br> \
 4423: <img src=\"%s%d_2.png\">",stepm,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jj1); 
 4424:        /* Period (stable) prevalence in each health state */
 4425:        for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++){
 4426: 	 fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Convergence to period (stable) prevalence in state %d. Or probability to be in state %d being in state (1 to %d) at different ages. <a href=\"%s%d_%d.png\">%s%d_%d.png</a><br> \
 4427: <img src=\"%s%d_%d.png\">", cpt, cpt, nlstate, subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,jj1);
 4428:        }
 4429:      for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {
 4430:         fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Life expectancy by health state (%d) at initial age and its decomposition into health expectancies in each alive state (1 to %d) : <a href=\"%s%d%d.png\">%s%d%d.png</a> <br> \
 4431: <img src=\"%s%d%d.png\">",cpt,nlstate,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,jj1);
 4432:      }
 4433:    } /* end i1 */
 4434:  }/* End k1 */
 4435:  fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
 4436: 
 4437: 
 4438:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
 4439: \n<br><li><h4> <a name='secondorder'>Result files (second order: variances)</a></h4>\n\
 4440:  - Parameter file with estimated parameters and covariance matrix: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n", rfileres,rfileres);
 4441: 
 4442:  fprintf(fichtm," - Variance of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
 4443: 	 subdirf2(fileres,"prob"),subdirf2(fileres,"prob"));
 4444:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
 4445:  - Variance-covariance of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
 4446: 	 subdirf2(fileres,"probcov"),subdirf2(fileres,"probcov"));
 4447: 
 4448:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
 4449:  - Correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
 4450: 	 subdirf2(fileres,"probcor"),subdirf2(fileres,"probcor"));
 4451:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
 4452:  - Variances and covariances of health expectancies by age and <b>initial health status</b> (cov(e<sup>ij</sup>,e<sup>kl</sup>)(estepm=%2d months): \
 4453:    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>",
 4454: 	   estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"cve"),subdirf2(fileres,"cve"));
 4455:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
 4456:  - (a) Health expectancies by health status at initial age (e<sup>ij</sup>) and standard errors (in parentheses) (b) life expectancies and standard errors (e<sup>i.</sup>=e<sup>i1</sup>+e<sup>i2</sup>+...)(estepm=%2d months): \
 4457:    <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n</li>",
 4458: 	   estepm,subdirf2(fileres,"stde"),subdirf2(fileres,"stde"));
 4459:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
 4460:  - Variances and covariances of health expectancies by age. Status (i) based health expectancies (in state j), e<sup>ij</sup> are weighted by the period prevalences in each state i (if popbased=1, an additional computation is done using the cross-sectional prevalences, i.e population based) (estepm=%d months): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n",
 4461: 	 estepm, subdirf2(fileres,"v"),subdirf2(fileres,"v"));
 4462:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
 4463:  - Total life expectancy and total health expectancies to be spent in each health state e<sup>.j</sup> with their standard errors (if popbased=1, an additional computation is done using the cross-sectional prevalences, i.e population based) (estepm=%d months): <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",
 4464: 	 estepm, subdirf2(fileres,"t"),subdirf2(fileres,"t"));
 4465:  fprintf(fichtm,"\
 4466:  - Standard deviation of period (stable) prevalences: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n",\
 4467: 	 subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"));
 4468: 
 4469: /*  if(popforecast==1) fprintf(fichtm,"\n */
 4470: /*  - Prevalences forecasting: <a href=\"f%s\">f%s</a> <br>\n */
 4471: /*  - Population forecasting (if popforecast=1): <a href=\"pop%s\">pop%s</a> <br>\n */
 4472: /* 	<br>",fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres); */
 4473: /*  else  */
 4474: /*    fprintf(fichtm,"\n No population forecast: popforecast = %d (instead of 1) or stepm = %d (instead of 1) or model=%s (instead of .)<br><br></li>\n",popforecast, stepm, model); */
 4475:  fflush(fichtm);
 4476:  fprintf(fichtm," <ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
 4477: 
 4478:  m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
 4479:  if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
 4480: 
 4481:  jj1=0;
 4482:  for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){
 4483:    for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
 4484:      jj1++;
 4485:      if (cptcovn > 0) {
 4486:        fprintf(fichtm,"<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">************ Results for covariates");
 4487:        for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++) 
 4488: 	 fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtab[jj1][cpt]]);
 4489:        fprintf(fichtm," ************\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
 4490:      }
 4491:      for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {
 4492:        fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Observed (cross-sectional) and period (incidence based) \
 4493: prevalence (with 95%% confidence interval) in state (%d): %s%d_%d.png <br>\
 4494: <img src=\"%s%d_%d.png\">",cpt,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,jj1);  
 4495:      }
 4496:      fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Total life expectancy by age and \
 4497: health expectancies in states (1) and (2). If popbased=1 the smooth (due to the model) \
 4498: true period expectancies (those weighted with period prevalences are also\
 4499:  drawn in addition to the population based expectancies computed using\
 4500:  observed and cahotic prevalences: %s%d.png<br>\
 4501: <img src=\"%s%d.png\">",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),jj1,subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),jj1);
 4502:    } /* end i1 */
 4503:  }/* End k1 */
 4504:  fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
 4505:  fflush(fichtm);
 4506: }
 4507: 
 4508: /******************* Gnuplot file **************/
 4509: void printinggnuplot(char fileres[], char optionfilefiname[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double fage , char pathc[], double p[]){
 4510: 
 4511:   char dirfileres[132],optfileres[132];
 4512:   int cpt=0,k1=0,i=0,k=0,j=0,jk=0,k2=0,k3=0,ij=0,l=0;
 4513:   int ng=0;
 4514: /*   if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"a"))==NULL) { */
 4515: /*     printf("Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot); */
 4516: /*     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot); */
 4517: /*   } */
 4518: 
 4519:   /*#ifdef windows */
 4520:   fprintf(ficgp,"cd \"%s\" \n",pathc);
 4521:     /*#endif */
 4522:   m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
 4523: 
 4524:   strcpy(dirfileres,optionfilefiname);
 4525:   strcpy(optfileres,"vpl");
 4526:  /* 1eme*/
 4527:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# 1st: Period (stable) prevalence with CI: 'vpl' files\n");
 4528:   for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {
 4529:     for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) { /* plot [100000000000000000000:-100000000000000000000] "mysbiaspar/vplrmysbiaspar.txt to check */
 4530:      fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d_%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"v"),cpt,k1);
 4531:      fprintf(ficgp,"\n#set out \"v%s%d_%d.png\" \n",optionfilefiname,cpt,k1);
 4532:      fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \n\
 4533: set ylabel \"Probability\" \n\
 4534: set ter png small size 320, 240\n\
 4535: plot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"%%lf",ageminpar,fage,subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1);
 4536: 
 4537:      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
 4538:        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
 4539:        else        fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
 4540:      }
 4541:      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"Period (stable) prevalence\" w l lt 0,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+1.96*$3) \"%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1);
 4542:      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
 4543:        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
 4544:        else fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
 4545:      } 
 4546:      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"95%% CI\" w l lt 1,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-1.96*$3) \"%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"vpl"),k1-1,k1-1); 
 4547:      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
 4548:        if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
 4549:        else fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
 4550:      }  
 4551:      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 1,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d) t\"Observed prevalence \" w l lt 2",subdirf2(fileres,"p"),k1-1,k1-1,2+4*(cpt-1));
 4552:    }
 4553:   }
 4554:   /*2 eme*/
 4555:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n# 2nd: Total life expectancy with CI: 't' files\n");
 4556:   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) { 
 4557:     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"e"),k1);
 4558:     fprintf(ficgp,"set ylabel \"Years\" \nset ter png small size 320, 240\nplot [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,fage);
 4559:     
 4560:     for (i=1; i<= nlstate+1 ; i ++) {
 4561:       k=2*i;
 4562:       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
 4563:       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
 4564: 	if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
 4565: 	else fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
 4566:       }   
 4567:       if (i== 1) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"TLE\" w l ,");
 4568:       else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"LE in state (%d)\" w l ,",i-1);
 4569:       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-$3*2) \"%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
 4570:       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
 4571: 	if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
 4572: 	else fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
 4573:       }   
 4574:       fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 0,");
 4575:       fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+$3*2) \"%%lf",subdirf2(fileres,"t"),k1-1,k1-1);
 4576:       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
 4577: 	if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," %%lf (%%lf)");
 4578: 	else fprintf(ficgp," %%*lf (%%*lf)");
 4579:       }   
 4580:       if (i== (nlstate+1)) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 0");
 4581:       else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l lt 0,");
 4582:     }
 4583:   }
 4584:   
 4585:   /*3eme*/
 4586:   
 4587:   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) { 
 4588:     for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {
 4589:       /*       k=2+nlstate*(2*cpt-2); */
 4590:       k=2+(nlstate+1)*(cpt-1);
 4591:       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"exp"),cpt,k1);
 4592:       fprintf(ficgp,"set ter png small size 320, 240\n\
 4593: plot [%.f:%.f] \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d1\" w l",ageminpar,fage,subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k,cpt);
 4594:       /*fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d-2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
 4595: 	for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
 4596: 	fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
 4597: 	fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d+2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
 4598: 	for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
 4599: 	fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
 4600: 	
 4601:       */
 4602:       for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++) {
 4603: 	fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+i,cpt,i+1);
 4604: 	/*	fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+2*i,cpt,i+1);*/
 4605: 	
 4606:       } 
 4607:       fprintf(ficgp," ,\"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d.\" w l",subdirf2(fileres,"e"),k1-1,k1-1,k+nlstate,cpt);
 4608:     }
 4609:   }
 4610:   
 4611:   /* CV preval stable (period) */
 4612:   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) { /* For each multivariate if any */
 4613:     for (cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate ; cpt ++) { /* For each life state */
 4614:       k=3;
 4615:       fprintf(ficgp,"\n#\n#\n#CV preval stable (period): 'pij' files, cov=%d state=%d",k1, cpt);
 4616:       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d_%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"p"),cpt,k1);
 4617:       fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability\" \n\
 4618: set ter png small size 320, 240\n\
 4619: unset log y\n\
 4620: plot [%.f:%.f]  ", ageminpar, agemaxpar);
 4621:       for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++){
 4622: 	if(i==1)
 4623: 	  fprintf(ficgp,"\"%s\"",subdirf2(fileres,"pij"));
 4624: 	else
 4625: 	  fprintf(ficgp,", '' ");
 4626: 	l=(nlstate+ndeath)*(i-1)+1;
 4627: 	fprintf(ficgp," u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",k1,k+l+(cpt-1),k+l);
 4628: 	for (j=1; j<= (nlstate-1) ; j ++)
 4629: 	  fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",k+l+j);
 4630: 	fprintf(ficgp,")) t \"prev(%d,%d)\" w l",i,cpt);
 4631:       } /* nlstate */
 4632:       fprintf(ficgp,"\n");
 4633:     } /* end cpt state*/ 
 4634:   } /* end covariate */  
 4635:   
 4636:   /* proba elementaires */
 4637:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n##############\n#MLE estimated parameters\n#############\n");
 4638:   for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
 4639:     fprintf(ficgp,"# initial state %d\n",i);
 4640:     for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
 4641:       if (k != i) {
 4642: 	fprintf(ficgp,"#   current state %d\n",k);
 4643: 	for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
 4644: 	  fprintf(ficgp,"p%d=%f; ",jk,p[jk]);
 4645: 	  jk++; 
 4646: 	}
 4647: 	fprintf(ficgp,"\n");
 4648:       }
 4649:     }
 4650:    }
 4651:   fprintf(ficgp,"##############\n#\n");
 4652: 
 4653:   /*goto avoid;*/
 4654:   fprintf(ficgp,"\n##############\n#Graphics of of probabilities or incidences\n#############\n");
 4655:   fprintf(ficgp,"# logi(p12/p11)=a12+b12*age+c12age*age+d12*V1+e12*V1*age\n");
 4656:   fprintf(ficgp,"# logi(p12/p11)=p1 +p2*age +p3*age*age+ p4*V1+ p5*V1*age\n");
 4657:   fprintf(ficgp,"# logi(p13/p11)=a13+b13*age+c13age*age+d13*V1+e13*V1*age\n");
 4658:   fprintf(ficgp,"# logi(p13/p11)=p6 +p7*age +p8*age*age+ p9*V1+ p10*V1*age\n");
 4659:   fprintf(ficgp,"# p12+p13+p14+p11=1=p11(1+exp(a12+b12*age+c12age*age+d12*V1+e12*V1*age)\n");
 4660:   fprintf(ficgp,"#                      +exp(a13+b13*age+c13age*age+d13*V1+e13*V1*age)+...)\n");
 4661:   fprintf(ficgp,"# p11=1/(1+exp(a12+b12*age+c12age*age+d12*V1+e12*V1*age)\n");
 4662:   fprintf(ficgp,"#                      +exp(a13+b13*age+c13age*age+d13*V1+e13*V1*age)+...)\n");
 4663:   fprintf(ficgp,"# p12=exp(a12+b12*age+c12age*age+d12*V1+e12*V1*age)/\n");
 4664:   fprintf(ficgp,"#     (1+exp(a12+b12*age+c12age*age+d12*V1+e12*V1*age)\n");
 4665:   fprintf(ficgp,"#       +exp(a13+b13*age+c13age*age+d13*V1+e13*V1*age))\n");
 4666:   fprintf(ficgp,"#       +exp(a14+b14*age+c14age*age+d14*V1+e14*V1*age)+...)\n");
 4667:   fprintf(ficgp,"#\n");
 4668:    for(ng=1; ng<=2;ng++){ /* Number of graphics: first is probabilities second is incidence per year*/
 4669:      fprintf(ficgp,"# ng=%d\n",ng);
 4670:      fprintf(ficgp,"#   jk=1 to 2^%d=%d\n",cptcoveff,m);
 4671:      for(jk=1; jk <=m; jk++) {
 4672:        fprintf(ficgp,"#    jk=%d\n",jk);
 4673:        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"%s%d_%d.png\" \n",subdirf2(optionfilefiname,"pe"),jk,ng); 
 4674:        if (ng==2)
 4675: 	 fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ylabel \"Quasi-incidence per year\"\n");
 4676:        else
 4677: 	 fprintf(ficgp,"\nset title \"Probability\"\n");
 4678:        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small size 320, 240\nset log y\nplot  [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,agemaxpar);
 4679:        i=1;
 4680:        for(k2=1; k2<=nlstate; k2++) {
 4681: 	 k3=i;
 4682: 	 for(k=1; k<=(nlstate+ndeath); k++) {
 4683: 	   if (k != k2){
 4684: 	     if(ng==2)
 4685: 	       if(nagesqr==0)
 4686: 		 fprintf(ficgp," %f*exp(p%d+p%d*x",YEARM/stepm,i,i+1);
 4687: 	       else /* nagesqr =1 */
 4688: 		 fprintf(ficgp," %f*exp(p%d+p%d*x+p%d*x*x",YEARM/stepm,i,i+1,i+1+nagesqr);
 4689: 	     else
 4690: 	       if(nagesqr==0)
 4691: 		 fprintf(ficgp," exp(p%d+p%d*x",i,i+1);
 4692: 	       else /* nagesqr =1 */
 4693: 		 fprintf(ficgp," exp(p%d+p%d*x+p%d*x*x",i,i+1,i+1+nagesqr);
 4694: 	     ij=1;/* To be checked else nbcode[0][0] wrong */
 4695: 	     for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel-nagesqr; j++) {
 4696: 	       if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) { /* Bug valgrind */
 4697: 	       	 fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",i+j+nagesqr-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]);
 4698: 	       	 ij++;
 4699: 	       }
 4700: 	       else
 4701: 		 fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",i+j+nagesqr-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);
 4702: 	     }
 4703: 	     fprintf(ficgp,")/(1");
 4704: 	     
 4705: 	     for(k1=1; k1 <=nlstate; k1++){ 
 4706: 	       if(nagesqr==0)
 4707: 		 fprintf(ficgp,"+exp(p%d+p%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel,k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1);
 4708: 	       else /* nagesqr =1 */
 4709: 		 fprintf(ficgp,"+exp(p%d+p%d*x+p%d*x*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel,k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1,k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+nagesqr);
 4710:   
 4711: 	       ij=1;
 4712: 	       for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel-nagesqr; j++){
 4713: 		 if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) {
 4714: 		   fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2+nagesqr,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]);
 4715: 		   ij++;
 4716: 		 }
 4717: 		 else
 4718: 		   fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2+nagesqr,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);
 4719: 	       }
 4720: 	       fprintf(ficgp,")");
 4721: 	     }
 4722: 	     fprintf(ficgp,") t \"p%d%d\" ", k2,k);
 4723: 	     if ((k+k2)!= (nlstate*2+ndeath)) fprintf(ficgp,",");
 4724: 	     i=i+ncovmodel;
 4725: 	   }
 4726: 	 } /* end k */
 4727:        } /* end k2 */
 4728:      } /* end jk */
 4729:    } /* end ng */
 4730:  /* avoid: */
 4731:    fflush(ficgp); 
 4732: }  /* end gnuplot */
 4733: 
 4734: 
 4735: /*************** Moving average **************/
 4736: int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav){
 4737: 
 4738:   int i, cpt, cptcod;
 4739:   int modcovmax =1;
 4740:   int mobilavrange, mob;
 4741:   double age;
 4742: 
 4743:   modcovmax=2*cptcoveff;/* Max number of modalities. We suppose 
 4744: 			   a covariate has 2 modalities */
 4745:   if (cptcovn<1) modcovmax=1; /* At least 1 pass */
 4746: 
 4747:   if(mobilav==1||mobilav ==3 ||mobilav==5 ||mobilav== 7){
 4748:     if(mobilav==1) mobilavrange=5; /* default */
 4749:     else mobilavrange=mobilav;
 4750:     for (age=bage; age<=fage; age++)
 4751:       for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 4752: 	for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=modcovmax;cptcod++)
 4753: 	  mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
 4754:     /* We keep the original values on the extreme ages bage, fage and for 
 4755:        fage+1 and bage-1 we use a 3 terms moving average; for fage+2 bage+2
 4756:        we use a 5 terms etc. until the borders are no more concerned. 
 4757:     */ 
 4758:     for (mob=3;mob <=mobilavrange;mob=mob+2){
 4759:       for (age=bage+(mob-1)/2; age<=fage-(mob-1)/2; age++){
 4760: 	for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
 4761: 	  for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=modcovmax;cptcod++){
 4762: 	    mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] =probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
 4763: 	      for (cpt=1;cpt<=(mob-1)/2;cpt++){
 4764: 		mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age-cpt][i][cptcod];
 4765: 		mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age+cpt][i][cptcod];
 4766: 	      }
 4767: 	    mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]/mob;
 4768: 	  }
 4769: 	}
 4770:       }/* end age */
 4771:     }/* end mob */
 4772:   }else return -1;
 4773:   return 0;
 4774: }/* End movingaverage */
 4775: 
 4776: 
 4777: /************** Forecasting ******************/
 4778: void prevforecast(char fileres[], double anproj1, double mproj1, double jproj1, double ageminpar, double agemax, double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double bage, double fage, int firstpass, int lastpass, double anproj2, double p[], int cptcoveff){
 4779:   /* proj1, year, month, day of starting projection 
 4780:      agemin, agemax range of age
 4781:      dateprev1 dateprev2 range of dates during which prevalence is computed
 4782:      anproj2 year of en of projection (same day and month as proj1).
 4783:   */
 4784:   int yearp, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j, k, cptcod, i, h, i1;
 4785:   double agec; /* generic age */
 4786:   double agelim, ppij, yp,yp1,yp2,jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean;
 4787:   double *popeffectif,*popcount;
 4788:   double ***p3mat;
 4789:   double ***mobaverage;
 4790:   char fileresf[FILENAMELENGTH];
 4791: 
 4792:   agelim=AGESUP;
 4793:   prevalence(probs, ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
 4794:  
 4795:   strcpy(fileresf,"f"); 
 4796:   strcat(fileresf,fileres);
 4797:   if((ficresf=fopen(fileresf,"w"))==NULL) {
 4798:     printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresf);
 4799:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresf);
 4800:   }
 4801:   printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", fileresf);
 4802:   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", fileresf);
 4803: 
 4804:   if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;
 4805: 
 4806:   if (mobilav!=0) {
 4807:     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 4808:     if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
 4809:       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
 4810:       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
 4811:     }
 4812:   }
 4813: 
 4814:   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
 4815:   if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;
 4816:   if(estepm < stepm){
 4817:     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
 4818:   }
 4819:   else  hstepm=estepm;   
 4820: 
 4821:   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; 
 4822:   yp1=modf(dateintmean,&yp);/* extracts integral of datemean in yp  and
 4823:                                fractional in yp1 */
 4824:   anprojmean=yp;
 4825:   yp2=modf((yp1*12),&yp);
 4826:   mprojmean=yp;
 4827:   yp1=modf((yp2*30.5),&yp);
 4828:   jprojmean=yp;
 4829:   if(jprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
 4830:   if(mprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
 4831: 
 4832:   i1=cptcoveff;
 4833:   if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
 4834:   
 4835:   fprintf(ficresf,"# Mean day of interviews %.lf/%.lf/%.lf (%.2f) between %.2f and %.2f \n",jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean,dateintmean,dateprev1,dateprev2); 
 4836:   
 4837:   fprintf(ficresf,"#****** Routine prevforecast **\n");
 4838: 
 4839: /* 	      if (h==(int)(YEARM*yearp)){ */
 4840:   for(cptcov=1, k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
 4841:     for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){
 4842:       k=k+1;
 4843:       fprintf(ficresf,"\n#******");
 4844:       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
 4845: 	fprintf(ficresf," V%d=%d, hpijx=probability over h years, hp.jx is weighted by observed prev ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 4846:       }
 4847:       fprintf(ficresf,"******\n");
 4848:       fprintf(ficresf,"# Covariate valuofcovar yearproj age");
 4849:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){ 
 4850: 	for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) 	      
 4851:           fprintf(ficresf," p%d%d",i,j);
 4852: 	fprintf(ficresf," p.%d",j);
 4853:       }
 4854:       for (yearp=0; yearp<=(anproj2-anproj1);yearp +=stepsize) { 
 4855: 	fprintf(ficresf,"\n");
 4856: 	fprintf(ficresf,"\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jproj1,mproj1,anproj1+yearp);   
 4857: 
 4858:      	for (agec=fage; agec>=(ageminpar-1); agec--){ 
 4859: 	  nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agec)*YEARM/stepm); 
 4860: 	  nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; 
 4861: 	  p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 4862: 	  oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
 4863: 	  hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agec,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);  
 4864: 	
 4865: 	  for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
 4866: 	    if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm ==yearp) {
 4867:               fprintf(ficresf,"\n");
 4868:               for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
 4869:                 fprintf(ficresf,"%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 4870: 	      fprintf(ficresf,"%.f %.f ",anproj1+yearp,agec+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
 4871: 	    } 
 4872: 	    for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
 4873: 	      ppij=0.;
 4874: 	      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {
 4875: 		if (mobilav==1) 
 4876: 		  ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agec][i][cptcod];
 4877: 		else {
 4878: 		  ppij=ppij+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agec)][i][cptcod];
 4879: 		}
 4880: 		if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm== yearp) {
 4881: 		  fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", p3mat[i][j][h]);
 4882: 		}
 4883: 	      } /* end i */
 4884: 	      if (h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm==yearp) {
 4885: 		fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", ppij);
 4886: 	      }
 4887: 	    }/* end j */
 4888: 	  } /* end h */
 4889: 	  free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 4890: 	} /* end agec */
 4891:       } /* end yearp */
 4892:     } /* end cptcod */
 4893:   } /* end  cptcov */
 4894:        
 4895:   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 4896: 
 4897:   fclose(ficresf);
 4898: }
 4899: 
 4900: /************** Forecasting *****not tested NB*************/
 4901: void populforecast(char fileres[], double anpyram,double mpyram,double jpyram,double ageminpar, double agemax,double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double agedeb, double fage, int popforecast, char popfile[], double anpyram1,double p[], int i2){
 4902:   
 4903:   int cpt, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j,k,c, cptcod, i,h;
 4904:   int *popage;
 4905:   double calagedatem, agelim, kk1, kk2;
 4906:   double *popeffectif,*popcount;
 4907:   double ***p3mat,***tabpop,***tabpopprev;
 4908:   double ***mobaverage;
 4909:   char filerespop[FILENAMELENGTH];
 4910: 
 4911:   tabpop= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 4912:   tabpopprev= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 4913:   agelim=AGESUP;
 4914:   calagedatem=(anpyram+mpyram/12.+jpyram/365.-dateintmean)*YEARM;
 4915:   
 4916:   prevalence(probs, ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
 4917:   
 4918:   
 4919:   strcpy(filerespop,"pop"); 
 4920:   strcat(filerespop,fileres);
 4921:   if((ficrespop=fopen(filerespop,"w"))==NULL) {
 4922:     printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop);
 4923:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop);
 4924:   }
 4925:   printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop);
 4926:   fprintf(ficlog,"Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop);
 4927: 
 4928:   if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;
 4929: 
 4930:   if (mobilav!=0) {
 4931:     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 4932:     if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
 4933:       fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
 4934:       printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
 4935:     }
 4936:   }
 4937: 
 4938:   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
 4939:   if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;
 4940:   
 4941:   agelim=AGESUP;
 4942:   
 4943:   hstepm=1;
 4944:   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; 
 4945:   
 4946:   if (popforecast==1) {
 4947:     if((ficpop=fopen(popfile,"r"))==NULL) {
 4948:       printf("Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0);
 4949:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0);
 4950:     } 
 4951:     popage=ivector(0,AGESUP);
 4952:     popeffectif=vector(0,AGESUP);
 4953:     popcount=vector(0,AGESUP);
 4954:     
 4955:     i=1;   
 4956:     while ((c=fscanf(ficpop,"%d %lf\n",&popage[i],&popcount[i])) != EOF) i=i+1;
 4957:    
 4958:     imx=i;
 4959:     for (i=1; i<imx;i++) popeffectif[popage[i]]=popcount[i];
 4960:   }
 4961: 
 4962:   for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i2;cptcov++){
 4963:    for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){
 4964:       k=k+1;
 4965:       fprintf(ficrespop,"\n#******");
 4966:       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
 4967: 	fprintf(ficrespop," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 4968:       }
 4969:       fprintf(ficrespop,"******\n");
 4970:       fprintf(ficrespop,"# Age");
 4971:       for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) fprintf(ficrespop," P.%d",j);
 4972:       if (popforecast==1)  fprintf(ficrespop," [Population]");
 4973:       
 4974:       for (cpt=0; cpt<=0;cpt++) { 
 4975: 	fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);   
 4976: 	
 4977:      	for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedatem %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedatem %12)/12.); agedeb--){ 
 4978: 	  nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); 
 4979: 	  nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; 
 4980: 	  
 4981: 	  p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 4982: 	  oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
 4983: 	  hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);  
 4984: 	
 4985: 	  for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
 4986: 	    if (h==(int) (calagedatem+YEARM*cpt)) {
 4987: 	      fprintf(ficrespop,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
 4988: 	    } 
 4989: 	    for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
 4990: 	      kk1=0.;kk2=0;
 4991: 	      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {	      
 4992: 		if (mobilav==1) 
 4993: 		  kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];
 4994: 		else {
 4995: 		  kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agedeb+1)][i][cptcod];
 4996: 		}
 4997: 	      }
 4998: 	      if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)){
 4999: 		tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod]=kk1;
 5000: 		  /*fprintf(ficrespop," %.3f", kk1);
 5001: 		    if (popforecast==1) fprintf(ficrespop," [%.f]", kk1*popeffectif[(int)agedeb+1]);*/
 5002: 	      }
 5003: 	    }
 5004: 	    for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
 5005: 	      kk1=0.;
 5006: 		for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
 5007: 		  kk1= kk1+tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod]; 
 5008: 		}
 5009: 		  tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]=tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]/kk1*popeffectif[(int)(agedeb+(calagedatem+12*cpt)*hstepm/YEARM*stepm-1)];
 5010: 	    }
 5011: 
 5012: 	    if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)) for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++) 
 5013: 	      fprintf(ficrespop," %15.2f",tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb+1)][j][cptcod]);
 5014: 	  }
 5015: 	  free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 5016: 	}
 5017:       }
 5018:  
 5019:   /******/
 5020: 
 5021:       for (cpt=1; cpt<=(anpyram1-anpyram);cpt++) { 
 5022: 	fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);   
 5023: 	for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedatem %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedatem %12)/12.); agedeb--){ 
 5024: 	  nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); 
 5025: 	  nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; 
 5026: 	  
 5027: 	  p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 5028: 	  oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
 5029: 	  hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);  
 5030: 	  for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
 5031: 	    if (h==(int) (calagedatem+YEARM*cpt)) {
 5032: 	      fprintf(ficresf,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
 5033: 	    } 
 5034: 	    for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
 5035: 	      kk1=0.;kk2=0;
 5036: 	      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {	      
 5037: 		kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*tabpopprev[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];	
 5038: 	      }
 5039: 	      if (h==(int)(calagedatem+12*cpt)) fprintf(ficresf," %15.2f", kk1);	
 5040: 	    }
 5041: 	  }
 5042: 	  free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 5043: 	}
 5044:       }
 5045:    } 
 5046:   }
 5047:  
 5048:   if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 5049: 
 5050:   if (popforecast==1) {
 5051:     free_ivector(popage,0,AGESUP);
 5052:     free_vector(popeffectif,0,AGESUP);
 5053:     free_vector(popcount,0,AGESUP);
 5054:   }
 5055:   free_ma3x(tabpop,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 5056:   free_ma3x(tabpopprev,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 5057:   fclose(ficrespop);
 5058: } /* End of popforecast */
 5059: 
 5060: int fileappend(FILE *fichier, char *optionfich)
 5061: {
 5062:   if((fichier=fopen(optionfich,"a"))==NULL) {
 5063:     printf("Problem with file: %s\n", optionfich);
 5064:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with file: %s\n", optionfich);
 5065:     return (0);
 5066:   }
 5067:   fflush(fichier);
 5068:   return (1);
 5069: }
 5070: 
 5071: 
 5072: /**************** function prwizard **********************/
 5073: void prwizard(int ncovmodel, int nlstate, int ndeath,  char model[], FILE *ficparo)
 5074: {
 5075: 
 5076:   /* Wizard to print covariance matrix template */
 5077: 
 5078:   char ca[32], cb[32];
 5079:   int i,j, k, li, lj, lk, ll, jj, npar, itimes;
 5080:   int numlinepar;
 5081: 
 5082:   printf("# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
 5083:   fprintf(ficparo,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
 5084:   for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
 5085:     jj=0;
 5086:     for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
 5087:       if(j==i) continue;
 5088:       jj++;
 5089:       /*ca[0]= k+'a'-1;ca[1]='\0';*/
 5090:       printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
 5091:       fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i,j);
 5092:       for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
 5093: 	/* 	  printf(" %lf",param[i][j][k]); */
 5094: 	/* 	  fprintf(ficparo," %lf",param[i][j][k]); */
 5095: 	printf(" 0.");
 5096: 	fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
 5097:       }
 5098:       printf("\n");
 5099:       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
 5100:     }
 5101:   }
 5102:   printf("# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
 5103:   fprintf(ficparo,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
 5104:   npar= (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel; /* Number of parameters*/ 
 5105:   for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
 5106:     jj=0;
 5107:     for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
 5108:       if(j==i) continue;
 5109:       jj++;
 5110:       fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i,j);
 5111:       printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
 5112:       fflush(stdout);
 5113:       for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
 5114: 	/* 	printf(" %le",delti3[i][j][k]); */
 5115: 	/* 	fprintf(ficparo," %le",delti3[i][j][k]); */
 5116: 	printf(" 0.");
 5117: 	fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
 5118:       }
 5119:       numlinepar++;
 5120:       printf("\n");
 5121:       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
 5122:     }
 5123:   }
 5124:   printf("# Covariance matrix\n");
 5125: /* # 121 Var(a12)\n\ */
 5126: /* # 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n\ */
 5127: /* # 131 Cov(a13,a12) Cov(a13,b12, Var(a13)\n\ */
 5128: /* # 132 Cov(b13,a12) Cov(b13,b12, Cov(b13,a13) Var(b13)\n\ */
 5129: /* # 212 Cov(a21,a12) Cov(a21,b12, Cov(a21,a13) Cov(a21,b13) Var(a21)\n\ */
 5130: /* # 212 Cov(b21,a12) Cov(b21,b12, Cov(b21,a13) Cov(b21,b13) Cov(b21,a21) Var(b21)\n\ */
 5131: /* # 232 Cov(a23,a12) Cov(a23,b12, Cov(a23,a13) Cov(a23,b13) Cov(a23,a21) Cov(a23,b21) Var(a23)\n\ */
 5132: /* # 232 Cov(b23,a12) Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n" */
 5133:   fflush(stdout);
 5134:   fprintf(ficparo,"# Covariance matrix\n");
 5135:   /* # 121 Var(a12)\n\ */
 5136:   /* # 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n\ */
 5137:   /* #   ...\n\ */
 5138:   /* # 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n" */
 5139:   
 5140:   for(itimes=1;itimes<=2;itimes++){
 5141:     jj=0;
 5142:     for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
 5143:       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
 5144: 	if(j==i) continue;
 5145: 	for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
 5146: 	  jj++;
 5147: 	  ca[0]= k+'a'-1;ca[1]='\0';
 5148: 	  if(itimes==1){
 5149: 	    printf("#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
 5150: 	    fprintf(ficparo,"#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
 5151: 	  }else{
 5152: 	    printf("%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
 5153: 	    fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
 5154: 	    /* 	printf(" %.5le",matcov[i][j]); */
 5155: 	  }
 5156: 	  ll=0;
 5157: 	  for(li=1;li <=nlstate; li++){
 5158: 	    for(lj=1;lj <=nlstate+ndeath; lj++){
 5159: 	      if(lj==li) continue;
 5160: 	      for(lk=1;lk<=ncovmodel;lk++){
 5161: 		ll++;
 5162: 		if(ll<=jj){
 5163: 		  cb[0]= lk +'a'-1;cb[1]='\0';
 5164: 		  if(ll<jj){
 5165: 		    if(itimes==1){
 5166: 		      printf(" Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
 5167: 		      fprintf(ficparo," Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
 5168: 		    }else{
 5169: 		      printf(" 0.");
 5170: 		      fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
 5171: 		    }
 5172: 		  }else{
 5173: 		    if(itimes==1){
 5174: 		      printf(" Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
 5175: 		      fprintf(ficparo," Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
 5176: 		    }else{
 5177: 		      printf(" 0.");
 5178: 		      fprintf(ficparo," 0.");
 5179: 		    }
 5180: 		  }
 5181: 		}
 5182: 	      } /* end lk */
 5183: 	    } /* end lj */
 5184: 	  } /* end li */
 5185: 	  printf("\n");
 5186: 	  fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
 5187: 	  numlinepar++;
 5188: 	} /* end k*/
 5189:       } /*end j */
 5190:     } /* end i */
 5191:   } /* end itimes */
 5192: 
 5193: } /* end of prwizard */
 5194: /******************* Gompertz Likelihood ******************************/
 5195: double gompertz(double x[])
 5196: { 
 5197:   double A,B,L=0.0,sump=0.,num=0.;
 5198:   int i,n=0; /* n is the size of the sample */
 5199: 
 5200:   for (i=0;i<=imx-1 ; i++) {
 5201:     sump=sump+weight[i];
 5202:     /*    sump=sump+1;*/
 5203:     num=num+1;
 5204:   }
 5205:  
 5206:  
 5207:   /* for (i=0; i<=imx; i++) 
 5208:      if (wav[i]>0) printf("i=%d ageex=%lf agecens=%lf agedc=%lf cens=%d %d\n" ,i,ageexmed[i],agecens[i],agedc[i],cens[i],wav[i]);*/
 5209: 
 5210:   for (i=1;i<=imx ; i++)
 5211:     {
 5212:       if (cens[i] == 1 && wav[i]>1)
 5213: 	A=-x[1]/(x[2])*(exp(x[2]*(agecens[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[2]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)));
 5214:       
 5215:       if (cens[i] == 0 && wav[i]>1)
 5216: 	A=-x[1]/(x[2])*(exp(x[2]*(agedc[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[2]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)))
 5217: 	     +log(x[1]/YEARM)+x[2]*(agedc[i]-agegomp)+log(YEARM);  
 5218:       
 5219:       /*if (wav[i] > 1 && agecens[i] > 15) {*/ /* ??? */
 5220:       if (wav[i] > 1 ) { /* ??? */
 5221: 	L=L+A*weight[i];
 5222: 	/* 	printf("\ni=%d A=%f L=%lf x[1]=%lf x[2]=%lf ageex=%lf agecens=%lf cens=%d agedc=%lf weight=%lf\n",i,A,L,x[1],x[2],ageexmed[i]*12,agecens[i]*12,cens[i],agedc[i]*12,weight[i]);*/
 5223:       }
 5224:     }
 5225: 
 5226:  /*printf("x1=%2.9f x2=%2.9f x3=%2.9f L=%f\n",x[1],x[2],x[3],L);*/
 5227:  
 5228:   return -2*L*num/sump;
 5229: }
 5230: 
 5231: #ifdef GSL
 5232: /******************* Gompertz_f Likelihood ******************************/
 5233: double gompertz_f(const gsl_vector *v, void *params)
 5234: { 
 5235:   double A,B,LL=0.0,sump=0.,num=0.;
 5236:   double *x= (double *) v->data;
 5237:   int i,n=0; /* n is the size of the sample */
 5238: 
 5239:   for (i=0;i<=imx-1 ; i++) {
 5240:     sump=sump+weight[i];
 5241:     /*    sump=sump+1;*/
 5242:     num=num+1;
 5243:   }
 5244:  
 5245:  
 5246:   /* for (i=0; i<=imx; i++) 
 5247:      if (wav[i]>0) printf("i=%d ageex=%lf agecens=%lf agedc=%lf cens=%d %d\n" ,i,ageexmed[i],agecens[i],agedc[i],cens[i],wav[i]);*/
 5248:   printf("x[0]=%lf x[1]=%lf\n",x[0],x[1]);
 5249:   for (i=1;i<=imx ; i++)
 5250:     {
 5251:       if (cens[i] == 1 && wav[i]>1)
 5252: 	A=-x[0]/(x[1])*(exp(x[1]*(agecens[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[1]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)));
 5253:       
 5254:       if (cens[i] == 0 && wav[i]>1)
 5255: 	A=-x[0]/(x[1])*(exp(x[1]*(agedc[i]-agegomp))-exp(x[1]*(ageexmed[i]-agegomp)))
 5256: 	     +log(x[0]/YEARM)+x[1]*(agedc[i]-agegomp)+log(YEARM);  
 5257:       
 5258:       /*if (wav[i] > 1 && agecens[i] > 15) {*/ /* ??? */
 5259:       if (wav[i] > 1 ) { /* ??? */
 5260: 	LL=LL+A*weight[i];
 5261: 	/* 	printf("\ni=%d A=%f L=%lf x[1]=%lf x[2]=%lf ageex=%lf agecens=%lf cens=%d agedc=%lf weight=%lf\n",i,A,L,x[1],x[2],ageexmed[i]*12,agecens[i]*12,cens[i],agedc[i]*12,weight[i]);*/
 5262:       }
 5263:     }
 5264: 
 5265:  /*printf("x1=%2.9f x2=%2.9f x3=%2.9f L=%f\n",x[1],x[2],x[3],L);*/
 5266:   printf("x[0]=%lf x[1]=%lf -2*LL*num/sump=%lf\n",x[0],x[1],-2*LL*num/sump);
 5267:  
 5268:   return -2*LL*num/sump;
 5269: }
 5270: #endif
 5271: 
 5272: /******************* Printing html file ***********/
 5273: void printinghtmlmort(char fileres[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \
 5274: 		  int lastpass, int stepm, int weightopt, char model[],\
 5275: 		  int imx,  double p[],double **matcov,double agemortsup){
 5276:   int i,k;
 5277: 
 5278:   fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4>Result files </h4>\n Force of mortality. Parameters of the Gompertz fit (with confidence interval in brackets):<br>");
 5279:   fprintf(fichtm,"  mu(age) =%lf*exp(%lf*(age-%d)) per year<br><br>",p[1],p[2],agegomp);
 5280:   for (i=1;i<=2;i++) 
 5281:     fprintf(fichtm," p[%d] = %lf [%f ; %f]<br>\n",i,p[i],p[i]-2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]),p[i]+2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]));
 5282:   fprintf(fichtm,"<br><br><img src=\"graphmort.png\">");
 5283:   fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
 5284: 
 5285: fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4>Life table</h4>\n <br>");
 5286: 
 5287:  fprintf(fichtm,"\nAge   l<inf>x</inf>     q<inf>x</inf> d(x,x+1)    L<inf>x</inf>     T<inf>x</inf>     e<infx</inf><br>");
 5288: 
 5289:  for (k=agegomp;k<(agemortsup-2);k++) 
 5290:    fprintf(fichtm,"%d %.0lf %lf %.0lf %.0lf %.0lf %lf<br>\n",k,lsurv[k],p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)),(p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)))*lsurv[k],lpop[k],tpop[k],tpop[k]/lsurv[k]);
 5291: 
 5292:  
 5293:   fflush(fichtm);
 5294: }
 5295: 
 5296: /******************* Gnuplot file **************/
 5297: void printinggnuplotmort(char fileres[], char optionfilefiname[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double fage , char pathc[], double p[]){
 5298: 
 5299:   char dirfileres[132],optfileres[132];
 5300: 
 5301:   int ng;
 5302: 
 5303: 
 5304:   /*#ifdef windows */
 5305:   fprintf(ficgp,"cd \"%s\" \n",pathc);
 5306:     /*#endif */
 5307: 
 5308: 
 5309:   strcpy(dirfileres,optionfilefiname);
 5310:   strcpy(optfileres,"vpl");
 5311:   fprintf(ficgp,"set out \"graphmort.png\"\n "); 
 5312:   fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\"\n set ylabel \"Force of mortality (per year)\" \n "); 
 5313:   fprintf(ficgp, "set ter png small size 320, 240\n set log y\n"); 
 5314:   /* fprintf(ficgp, "set size 0.65,0.65\n"); */
 5315:   fprintf(ficgp,"plot [%d:100] %lf*exp(%lf*(x-%d))",agegomp,p[1],p[2],agegomp);
 5316: 
 5317: } 
 5318: 
 5319: int readdata(char datafile[], int firstobs, int lastobs, int *imax)
 5320: {
 5321: 
 5322:   /*-------- data file ----------*/
 5323:   FILE *fic;
 5324:   char dummy[]="                         ";
 5325:   int i=0, j=0, n=0;
 5326:   int linei, month, year,iout;
 5327:   char line[MAXLINE], linetmp[MAXLINE];
 5328:   char stra[MAXLINE], strb[MAXLINE];
 5329:   char *stratrunc;
 5330:   int lstra;
 5331: 
 5332: 
 5333:   if((fic=fopen(datafile,"r"))==NULL)    {
 5334:     printf("Problem while opening datafile: %s\n", datafile);return 1;
 5335:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem while opening datafile: %s\n", datafile);return 1;
 5336:   }
 5337: 
 5338:   i=1;
 5339:   linei=0;
 5340:   while ((fgets(line, MAXLINE, fic) != NULL) &&((i >= firstobs) && (i <=lastobs))) {
 5341:     linei=linei+1;
 5342:     for(j=strlen(line); j>=0;j--){  /* Untabifies line */
 5343:       if(line[j] == '\t')
 5344: 	line[j] = ' ';
 5345:     }
 5346:     for(j=strlen(line)-1; (line[j]==' ')||(line[j]==10)||(line[j]==13);j--){
 5347:       ;
 5348:     };
 5349:     line[j+1]=0;  /* Trims blanks at end of line */
 5350:     if(line[0]=='#'){
 5351:       fprintf(ficlog,"Comment line\n%s\n",line);
 5352:       printf("Comment line\n%s\n",line);
 5353:       continue;
 5354:     }
 5355:     trimbb(linetmp,line); /* Trims multiple blanks in line */
 5356:     strcpy(line, linetmp);
 5357:   
 5358: 
 5359:     for (j=maxwav;j>=1;j--){
 5360:       cutv(stra, strb, line, ' '); 
 5361:       if(strb[0]=='.') { /* Missing status */
 5362: 	lval=-1;
 5363:       }else{
 5364: 	errno=0;
 5365: 	lval=strtol(strb,&endptr,10); 
 5366:       /*	if (errno == ERANGE && (lval == LONG_MAX || lval == LONG_MIN))*/
 5367: 	if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
 5368: 	  printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a status of wave %d. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,j,maxwav);
 5369: 	  fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a status of wave %d. Setting maxwav=%d might be wrong.  Exiting.\n", strb, linei,i,line,j,maxwav);fflush(ficlog);
 5370: 	  return 1;
 5371: 	}
 5372:       }
 5373:       s[j][i]=lval;
 5374:       
 5375:       strcpy(line,stra);
 5376:       cutv(stra, strb,line,' ');
 5377:       if( (iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year)) != 0){
 5378:       }
 5379:       else  if( (iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.",dummy)) != 0){
 5380: 	month=99;
 5381: 	year=9999;
 5382:       }else{
 5383: 	printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of interview (mm/yyyy or .) at wave %d.  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i, line,j);
 5384: 	fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of interview (mm/yyyy or .) at wave %d.  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i, line,j);fflush(ficlog);
 5385: 	return 1;
 5386:       }
 5387:       anint[j][i]= (double) year; 
 5388:       mint[j][i]= (double)month; 
 5389:       strcpy(line,stra);
 5390:     } /* ENd Waves */
 5391:     
 5392:     cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); 
 5393:     if( (iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year)) != 0){
 5394:     }
 5395:     else  if( (iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.",dummy)) != 0){
 5396:       month=99;
 5397:       year=9999;
 5398:     }else{
 5399:       printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of death (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);
 5400: 	fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of death (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);fflush(ficlog);
 5401: 	return 1;
 5402:     }
 5403:     andc[i]=(double) year; 
 5404:     moisdc[i]=(double) month; 
 5405:     strcpy(line,stra);
 5406:     
 5407:     cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); 
 5408:     if( (iout=sscanf(strb,"%d/%d",&month, &year)) != 0){
 5409:     }
 5410:     else  if( (iout=sscanf(strb,"%s.", dummy)) != 0){
 5411:       month=99;
 5412:       year=9999;
 5413:     }else{
 5414:       printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);
 5415:       fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy or .).  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);fflush(ficlog);
 5416: 	return 1;
 5417:     }
 5418:     if (year==9999) {
 5419:       printf("Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy) but at least the year of birth should be given.  Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);
 5420:       fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%s' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a date of birth (mm/yyyy) but at least the year of birth should be given. Exiting.\n",strb, linei,i,line);fflush(ficlog);
 5421: 	return 1;
 5422: 
 5423:     }
 5424:     annais[i]=(double)(year);
 5425:     moisnais[i]=(double)(month); 
 5426:     strcpy(line,stra);
 5427:     
 5428:     cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); 
 5429:     errno=0;
 5430:     dval=strtod(strb,&endptr); 
 5431:     if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
 5432:       printf("Error reading data around '%f' at line number %d, \"%s\" for individual %d\nShould be a weight.  Exiting.\n",dval, i,line,linei);
 5433:       fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%f' at line number %d, \"%s\" for individual %d\nShould be a weight.  Exiting.\n",dval, i,line,linei);
 5434:       fflush(ficlog);
 5435:       return 1;
 5436:     }
 5437:     weight[i]=dval; 
 5438:     strcpy(line,stra);
 5439:     
 5440:     for (j=ncovcol;j>=1;j--){
 5441:       cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); 
 5442:       if(strb[0]=='.') { /* Missing status */
 5443: 	lval=-1;
 5444:       }else{
 5445: 	errno=0;
 5446: 	lval=strtol(strb,&endptr,10); 
 5447: 	if( strb[0]=='\0' || (*endptr != '\0')){
 5448: 	  printf("Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a covariate value (=0 for the reference or 1 for alternative).  Exiting.\n",lval, linei,i, line);
 5449: 	  fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\nShould be a covariate value (=0 for the reference or 1 for alternative).  Exiting.\n",lval, linei,i, line);fflush(ficlog);
 5450: 	  return 1;
 5451: 	}
 5452:       }
 5453:       if(lval <-1 || lval >1){
 5454: 	printf("Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\n \
 5455:  Should be a value of %d(nth) covariate (0 should be the value for the reference and 1\n \
 5456:  for the alternative. IMaCh does not build design variables automatically, do it yourself.\n \
 5457:  For example, for multinomial values like 1, 2 and 3,\n \
 5458:  build V1=0 V2=0 for the reference value (1),\n \
 5459:         V1=1 V2=0 for (2) \n \
 5460:  and V1=0 V2=1 for (3). V1=1 V2=1 should not exist and the corresponding\n \
 5461:  output of IMaCh is often meaningless.\n \
 5462:  Exiting.\n",lval,linei, i,line,j);
 5463: 	fprintf(ficlog,"Error reading data around '%ld' at line number %d for individual %d, '%s'\n \
 5464:  Should be a value of %d(nth) covariate (0 should be the value for the reference and 1\n \
 5465:  for the alternative. IMaCh does not build design variables automatically, do it yourself.\n \
 5466:  For example, for multinomial values like 1, 2 and 3,\n \
 5467:  build V1=0 V2=0 for the reference value (1),\n \
 5468:         V1=1 V2=0 for (2) \n \
 5469:  and V1=0 V2=1 for (3). V1=1 V2=1 should not exist and the corresponding\n \
 5470:  output of IMaCh is often meaningless.\n \
 5471:  Exiting.\n",lval,linei, i,line,j);fflush(ficlog);
 5472: 	return 1;
 5473:       }
 5474:       covar[j][i]=(double)(lval);
 5475:       strcpy(line,stra);
 5476:     }  
 5477:     lstra=strlen(stra);
 5478:      
 5479:     if(lstra > 9){ /* More than 2**32 or max of what printf can write with %ld */
 5480:       stratrunc = &(stra[lstra-9]);
 5481:       num[i]=atol(stratrunc);
 5482:     }
 5483:     else
 5484:       num[i]=atol(stra);
 5485:     /*if((s[2][i]==2) && (s[3][i]==-1)&&(s[4][i]==9)){
 5486:       printf("%ld %.lf %.lf %.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d\n",num[i],(covar[1][i]), (covar[2][i]),weight[i], (moisnais[i]), (annais[i]), (moisdc[i]), (andc[i]), (mint[1][i]), (anint[1][i]), (s[1][i]),  (mint[2][i]), (anint[2][i]), (s[2][i]),  (mint[3][i]), (anint[3][i]), (s[3][i]),  (mint[4][i]), (anint[4][i]), (s[4][i])); ij=ij+1;}*/
 5487:     
 5488:     i=i+1;
 5489:   } /* End loop reading  data */
 5490: 
 5491:   *imax=i-1; /* Number of individuals */
 5492:   fclose(fic);
 5493:  
 5494:   return (0);
 5495:   /* endread: */
 5496:     printf("Exiting readdata: ");
 5497:     fclose(fic);
 5498:     return (1);
 5499: 
 5500: 
 5501: 
 5502: }
 5503: void removespace(char *str) {
 5504:   char *p1 = str, *p2 = str;
 5505:   do
 5506:     while (*p2 == ' ')
 5507:       p2++;
 5508:   while (*p1++ == *p2++);
 5509: }
 5510: 
 5511: int decodemodel ( char model[], int lastobs) /**< This routine decode the model and returns:
 5512:    * Model  V1+V2+V3+V8+V7*V8+V5*V6+V8*age+V3*age+age*age
 5513:    * - nagesqr = 1 if age*age in the model, otherwise 0.
 5514:    * - cptcovt total number of covariates of the model nbocc(+)+1 = 8 excepting constant and age and age*age
 5515:    * - cptcovn or number of covariates k of the models excluding age*products =6 and age*age
 5516:    * - cptcovage number of covariates with age*products =2
 5517:    * - cptcovs number of simple covariates
 5518:    * - Tvar[k] is the id of the kth covariate Tvar[1]@12 {1, 2, 3, 8, 10, 11, 8, 3, 7, 8, 5, 6}, thus Tvar[5=V7*V8]=10
 5519:    *     which is a new column after the 9 (ncovcol) variables. 
 5520:    * - if k is a product Vn*Vm covar[k][i] is filled with correct values for each individual
 5521:    * - Tprod[l] gives the kth covariates of the product Vn*Vm l=1 to cptcovprod-cptcovage
 5522:    *    Tprod[1]@2 {5, 6}: position of first product V7*V8 is 5, and second V5*V6 is 6.
 5523:    * - Tvard[k]  p Tvard[1][1]@4 {7, 8, 5, 6} for V7*V8 and V5*V6 .
 5524:  */
 5525: {
 5526:   int i, j, k, ks;
 5527:   int  j1, k1, k2;
 5528:   char modelsav[80];
 5529:   char stra[80], strb[80], strc[80], strd[80],stre[80];
 5530:   char *strpt;
 5531: 
 5532:   /*removespace(model);*/
 5533:   if (strlen(model) >1){ /* If there is at least 1 covariate */
 5534:     j=0, j1=0, k1=0, k2=-1, ks=0, cptcovn=0;
 5535:     if (strstr(model,"AGE") !=0){
 5536:       printf("Error. AGE must be in lower case 'age' model=1+age+%s ",model);
 5537:       fprintf(ficlog,"Error. AGE must be in lower case model=1+age+%s ",model);fflush(ficlog);
 5538:       return 1;
 5539:     }
 5540:     if (strstr(model,"v") !=0){
 5541:       printf("Error. 'v' must be in upper case 'V' model=%s ",model);
 5542:       fprintf(ficlog,"Error. 'v' must be in upper case model=%s ",model);fflush(ficlog);
 5543:       return 1;
 5544:     }
 5545:     strcpy(modelsav,model); 
 5546:     if ((strpt=strstr(model,"age*age")) !=0){
 5547:       printf(" strpt=%s, model=%s\n",strpt, model);
 5548:       if(strpt != model){
 5549:       printf("Error in model: 'model=%s'; 'age*age' should in first place before other covariates\n \
 5550:  'model=1+age+age*age+V1' or 'model=1+age+age*age+V1+V1*age', please swap as well as \n \
 5551:  corresponding column of parameters.\n",model);
 5552:       fprintf(ficlog,"Error in model: 'model=%s'; 'age*age' should in first place before other covariates\n \
 5553:  'model=1+age+age*age+V1' or 'model=1+age+age*age+V1+V1*age', please swap as well as \n \
 5554:  corresponding column of parameters.\n",model); fflush(ficlog);
 5555:       return 1;
 5556:     }
 5557: 
 5558:       nagesqr=1;
 5559:       if (strstr(model,"+age*age") !=0)
 5560: 	substrchaine(modelsav, model, "+age*age");
 5561:       else if (strstr(model,"age*age+") !=0)
 5562: 	substrchaine(modelsav, model, "age*age+");
 5563:       else 
 5564: 	substrchaine(modelsav, model, "age*age");
 5565:     }else
 5566:       nagesqr=0;
 5567:     if (strlen(modelsav) >1){
 5568:       j=nbocc(modelsav,'+'); /**< j=Number of '+' */
 5569:       j1=nbocc(modelsav,'*'); /**< j1=Number of '*' */
 5570:       cptcovs=j+1-j1; /**<  Number of simple covariates V1+V1*age+V3 +V3*V4+age*age=> V1 + V3 =2  */
 5571:       cptcovt= j+1; /* Number of total covariates in the model, not including
 5572: 		   * cst, age and age*age 
 5573: 		   * V1+V1*age+ V3 + V3*V4+age*age=> 4*/
 5574:                   /* including age products which are counted in cptcovage.
 5575: 		  * but the covariates which are products must be treated 
 5576: 		  * separately: ncovn=4- 2=2 (V1+V3). */
 5577:       cptcovprod=j1; /**< Number of products  V1*V2 +v3*age = 2 */
 5578:       cptcovprodnoage=0; /**< Number of covariate products without age: V3*V4 =1  */
 5579: 
 5580:     
 5581:       /*   Design
 5582:        *  V1   V2   V3   V4  V5  V6  V7  V8  V9 Weight
 5583:        *  <          ncovcol=8                >
 5584:        * Model V2 + V1 + V3*age + V3 + V5*V6 + V7*V8 + V8*age + V8
 5585:        *   k=  1    2      3       4     5       6      7        8
 5586:        *  cptcovn number of covariates (not including constant and age ) = # of + plus 1 = 7+1=8
 5587:        *  covar[k,i], value of kth covariate if not including age for individual i:
 5588:        *       covar[1][i]= (V2), covar[4][i]=(V3), covar[8][i]=(V8)
 5589:        *  Tvar[k] # of the kth covariate:  Tvar[1]=2  Tvar[4]=3 Tvar[8]=8
 5590:        *       if multiplied by age: V3*age Tvar[3=V3*age]=3 (V3) Tvar[7]=8 and 
 5591:        *  Tage[++cptcovage]=k
 5592:        *       if products, new covar are created after ncovcol with k1
 5593:        *  Tvar[k]=ncovcol+k1; # of the kth covariate product:  Tvar[5]=ncovcol+1=10  Tvar[6]=ncovcol+1=11
 5594:        *  Tprod[k1]=k; Tprod[1]=5 Tprod[2]= 6; gives the position of the k1th product
 5595:        *  Tvard[k1][1]=m Tvard[k1][2]=m; Tvard[1][1]=5 (V5) Tvard[1][2]=6 Tvard[2][1]=7 (V7) Tvard[2][2]=8
 5596:        *  Tvar[cptcovn+k2]=Tvard[k1][1];Tvar[cptcovn+k2+1]=Tvard[k1][2];
 5597:        *  Tvar[8+1]=5;Tvar[8+2]=6;Tvar[8+3]=7;Tvar[8+4]=8 inverted
 5598:        *  V1   V2   V3   V4  V5  V6  V7  V8  V9  V10  V11
 5599:        *  <          ncovcol=8                >
 5600:        *       Model V2 + V1 + V3*age + V3 + V5*V6 + V7*V8 + V8*age + V8    d1   d1   d2  d2
 5601:        *          k=  1    2      3       4     5       6      7        8    9   10   11  12
 5602:        *     Tvar[k]= 2    1      3       3    10      11      8        8    5    6    7   8
 5603:        * p Tvar[1]@12={2,   1,     3,      3,   11,     10,     8,       8,   7,   8,   5,  6}
 5604:        * p Tprod[1]@2={                         6, 5}
 5605:        *p Tvard[1][1]@4= {7, 8, 5, 6}
 5606:        * covar[k][i]= V2   V1      ?      V3    V5*V6?   V7*V8?  ?       V8   
 5607:        *  cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
 5608:        *How to reorganize?
 5609:        * Model V1 + V2 + V3 + V8 + V5*V6 + V7*V8 + V3*age + V8*age
 5610:        * Tvars {2,   1,     3,      3,   11,     10,     8,       8,   7,   8,   5,  6}
 5611:        *       {2,   1,     4,      8,    5,      6,     3,       7}
 5612:        * Struct []
 5613:        */
 5614: 
 5615:       /* This loop fills the array Tvar from the string 'model'.*/
 5616:       /* j is the number of + signs in the model V1+V2+V3 j=2 i=3 to 1 */
 5617:       /*   modelsav=V2+V1+V4+age*V3 strb=age*V3 stra=V2+V1+V4  */
 5618:       /* 	k=4 (age*V3) Tvar[k=4]= 3 (from V3) Tage[cptcovage=1]=4 */
 5619:       /* 	k=3 V4 Tvar[k=3]= 4 (from V4) */
 5620:       /* 	k=2 V1 Tvar[k=2]= 1 (from V1) */
 5621:       /* 	k=1 Tvar[1]=2 (from V2) */
 5622:       /* 	k=5 Tvar[5] */
 5623:       /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) { */
 5624:       /* 	cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]]; */
 5625:       /* 	} */
 5626:       /* for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=nbcode[Tvar[Tage[k]]][codtab[ij][Tvar[Tage[k]]]]*cov[2]; */
 5627:       /*
 5628:        * Treating invertedly V2+V1+V3*age+V2*V4 is as if written V2*V4 +V3*age + V1 + V2 */
 5629:       for(k=cptcovt; k>=1;k--) /**< Number of covariates */
 5630:         Tvar[k]=0;
 5631:       cptcovage=0;
 5632:       for(k=1; k<=cptcovt;k++){ /* Loop on total covariates of the model */
 5633: 	cutl(stra,strb,modelsav,'+'); /* keeps in strb after the first '+' 
 5634: 					 modelsav==V2+V1+V4+V3*age strb=V3*age stra=V2+V1+V4 */ 
 5635: 	if (nbocc(modelsav,'+')==0) strcpy(strb,modelsav); /* and analyzes it */
 5636: 	/*      printf("i=%d a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n",i, stra,strb,modelsav);*/
 5637: 	/*scanf("%d",i);*/
 5638: 	if (strchr(strb,'*')) {  /**< Model includes a product V2+V1+V4+V3*age strb=V3*age */
 5639: 	  cutl(strc,strd,strb,'*'); /**< strd*strc  Vm*Vn: strb=V3*age(input) strc=age strd=V3 ; V3*V2 strc=V2, strd=V3 */
 5640: 	  if (strcmp(strc,"age")==0) { /**< Model includes age: Vn*age */
 5641: 	    /* covar is not filled and then is empty */
 5642: 	    cptcovprod--;
 5643: 	    cutl(stre,strb,strd,'V'); /* strd=V3(input): stre="3" */
 5644: 	    Tvar[k]=atoi(stre);  /* V2+V1+V4+V3*age Tvar[4]=3 ; V1+V2*age Tvar[2]=2; V1+V1*age Tvar[2]=1 */
 5645: 	    cptcovage++; /* Sums the number of covariates which include age as a product */
 5646: 	    Tage[cptcovage]=k;  /* Tvar[4]=3, Tage[1] = 4 or V1+V1*age Tvar[2]=1, Tage[1]=2 */
 5647: 	    /*printf("stre=%s ", stre);*/
 5648: 	  } else if (strcmp(strd,"age")==0) { /* or age*Vn */
 5649: 	    cptcovprod--;
 5650: 	    cutl(stre,strb,strc,'V');
 5651: 	    Tvar[k]=atoi(stre);
 5652: 	    cptcovage++;
 5653: 	    Tage[cptcovage]=k;
 5654: 	  } else {  /* Age is not in the model product V2+V1+V1*V4+V3*age+V3*V2  strb=V3*V2*/
 5655: 	    /* loops on k1=1 (V3*V2) and k1=2 V4*V3 */
 5656: 	    cptcovn++;
 5657: 	    cptcovprodnoage++;k1++;
 5658: 	    cutl(stre,strb,strc,'V'); /* strc= Vn, stre is n; strb=V3*V2 stre=3 strc=*/
 5659: 	    Tvar[k]=ncovcol+k1; /* For model-covariate k tells which data-covariate to use but
 5660: 				   because this model-covariate is a construction we invent a new column
 5661: 				   ncovcol + k1
 5662: 				   If already ncovcol=4 and model=V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2
 5663: 				   Tvar[3=V1*V4]=4+1 Tvar[5=V3*V2]=4 + 2= 6, etc */
 5664: 	    cutl(strc,strb,strd,'V'); /* strd was Vm, strc is m */
 5665: 	    Tprod[k1]=k;  /* Tprod[1]=3(=V1*V4) for V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2  */
 5666: 	    Tvard[k1][1] =atoi(strc); /* m 1 for V1*/
 5667: 	    Tvard[k1][2] =atoi(stre); /* n 4 for V4*/
 5668: 	    k2=k2+2;
 5669: 	    Tvar[cptcovt+k2]=Tvard[k1][1]; /* Tvar[(cptcovt=4+k2=1)=5]= 1 (V1) */
 5670: 	    Tvar[cptcovt+k2+1]=Tvard[k1][2];  /* Tvar[(cptcovt=4+(k2=1)+1)=6]= 4 (V4) */
 5671: 	    for (i=1; i<=lastobs;i++){
 5672: 	      /* Computes the new covariate which is a product of
 5673: 		 covar[n][i]* covar[m][i] and stores it at ncovol+k1 May not be defined */
 5674: 	      covar[ncovcol+k1][i]=covar[atoi(stre)][i]*covar[atoi(strc)][i];
 5675: 	    }
 5676: 	  } /* End age is not in the model */
 5677: 	} /* End if model includes a product */
 5678: 	else { /* no more sum */
 5679: 	  /*printf("d=%s c=%s b=%s\n", strd,strc,strb);*/
 5680: 	  /*  scanf("%d",i);*/
 5681: 	  cutl(strd,strc,strb,'V');
 5682: 	  ks++; /**< Number of simple covariates */
 5683: 	  cptcovn++;
 5684: 	  Tvar[k]=atoi(strd);
 5685: 	}
 5686: 	strcpy(modelsav,stra);  /* modelsav=V2+V1+V4 stra=V2+V1+V4 */ 
 5687: 	/*printf("a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n", stra,strb,modelsav);
 5688: 	  scanf("%d",i);*/
 5689:       } /* end of loop + on total covariates */
 5690:     } /* end if strlen(modelsave == 0) age*age might exist */
 5691:   } /* end if strlen(model == 0) */
 5692:   
 5693:   /*The number n of Vn is stored in Tvar. cptcovage =number of age covariate. Tage gives the position of age. cptcovprod= number of products.
 5694:     If model=V1+V1*age then Tvar[1]=1 Tvar[2]=1 cptcovage=1 Tage[1]=2 cptcovprod=0*/
 5695: 
 5696:   /* printf("tvar1=%d tvar2=%d tvar3=%d cptcovage=%d Tage=%d",Tvar[1],Tvar[2],Tvar[3],cptcovage,Tage[1]);
 5697:   printf("cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
 5698:   fprintf(ficlog,"cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
 5699: 
 5700:   scanf("%d ",i);*/
 5701: 
 5702: 
 5703:   return (0); /* with covar[new additional covariate if product] and Tage if age */ 
 5704:   /*endread:*/
 5705:     printf("Exiting decodemodel: ");
 5706:     return (1);
 5707: }
 5708: 
 5709: int calandcheckages(int imx, int maxwav, double *agemin, double *agemax, int *nberr, int *nbwarn )
 5710: {
 5711:   int i, m;
 5712: 
 5713:   for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
 5714:     for(m=2; (m<= maxwav); m++) {
 5715:       if (((int)mint[m][i]== 99) && (s[m][i] <= nlstate)){
 5716: 	anint[m][i]=9999;
 5717: 	s[m][i]=-1;
 5718:       }
 5719:       if((int)moisdc[i]==99 && (int)andc[i]==9999 && s[m][i]>nlstate){
 5720: 	*nberr = *nberr + 1;
 5721: 	printf("Error! Date of death (month %2d and year %4d) of individual %ld on line %d was unknown, you must set an arbitrary year of death or he/she is skipped and results are biased (%d)\n",(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],num[i],i, *nberr);
 5722: 	fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Date of death (month %2d and year %4d) of individual %ld on line %d was unknown, you must set an arbitrary year of death or he/she is skipped and results are biased (%d)\n",(int)moisdc[i],(int)andc[i],num[i],i, *nberr);
 5723: 	s[m][i]=-1;
 5724:       }
 5725:       if((int)moisdc[i]==99 && (int)andc[i]!=9999 && s[m][i]>nlstate){
 5726: 	(*nberr)++;
 5727: 	printf("Error! Month of death of individual %ld on line %d was unknown %2d, you should set it otherwise the information on the death is skipped and results are biased.\n",num[i],i,(int)moisdc[i]); 
 5728: 	fprintf(ficlog,"Error! Month of death of individual %ld on line %d was unknown %f, you should set it otherwise the information on the death is skipped and results are biased.\n",num[i],i,moisdc[i]); 
 5729: 	s[m][i]=-1; /* We prefer to skip it (and to skip it in version 0.8a1 too */
 5730:       }
 5731:     }
 5732:   }
 5733: 
 5734:   for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {
 5735:     agedc[i]=(moisdc[i]/12.+andc[i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+annais[i]);
 5736:     for(m=firstpass; (m<= lastpass); m++){
 5737:       if(s[m][i] >0 || s[m][i]==-2 || s[m][i]==-4 || s[m][i]==-5){
 5738: 	if (s[m][i] >= nlstate+1) {
 5739: 	  if(agedc[i]>0){
 5740: 	    if((int)moisdc[i]!=99 && (int)andc[i]!=9999){
 5741: 	      agev[m][i]=agedc[i];
 5742: 	  /*if(moisdc[i]==99 && andc[i]==9999) s[m][i]=-1;*/
 5743: 	    }else {
 5744: 	      if ((int)andc[i]!=9999){
 5745: 		nbwarn++;
 5746: 		printf("Warning negative age at death: %ld line:%d\n",num[i],i);
 5747: 		fprintf(ficlog,"Warning negative age at death: %ld line:%d\n",num[i],i);
 5748: 		agev[m][i]=-1;
 5749: 	      }
 5750: 	    }
 5751: 	  } /* agedc > 0 */
 5752: 	}
 5753: 	else if(s[m][i] !=9){ /* Standard case, age in fractional
 5754: 				 years but with the precision of a month */
 5755: 	  agev[m][i]=(mint[m][i]/12.+1./24.+anint[m][i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+1./24.+annais[i]);
 5756: 	  if((int)mint[m][i]==99 || (int)anint[m][i]==9999)
 5757: 	    agev[m][i]=1;
 5758: 	  else if(agev[m][i] < *agemin){ 
 5759: 	    *agemin=agev[m][i];
 5760: 	    printf(" Min anint[%d][%d]=%.2f annais[%d]=%.2f, agemin=%.2f\n",m,i,anint[m][i], i,annais[i], *agemin);
 5761: 	  }
 5762: 	  else if(agev[m][i] >*agemax){
 5763: 	    *agemax=agev[m][i];
 5764: 	    /* printf(" Max anint[%d][%d]=%.0f annais[%d]=%.0f, agemax=%.2f\n",m,i,anint[m][i], i,annais[i], *agemax);*/
 5765: 	  }
 5766: 	  /*agev[m][i]=anint[m][i]-annais[i];*/
 5767: 	  /*	 agev[m][i] = age[i]+2*m;*/
 5768: 	}
 5769: 	else { /* =9 */
 5770: 	  agev[m][i]=1;
 5771: 	  s[m][i]=-1;
 5772: 	}
 5773:       }
 5774:       else /*= 0 Unknown */
 5775: 	agev[m][i]=1;
 5776:     }
 5777:     
 5778:   }
 5779:   for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {
 5780:     for(m=firstpass; (m<=lastpass); m++){
 5781:       if (s[m][i] > (nlstate+ndeath)) {
 5782: 	(*nberr)++;
 5783: 	printf("Error: on wave %d of individual %d status %d > (nlstate+ndeath)=(%d+%d)=%d\n",m,i,s[m][i],nlstate, ndeath, nlstate+ndeath);	
 5784: 	fprintf(ficlog,"Error: on wave %d of individual %d status %d > (nlstate+ndeath)=(%d+%d)=%d\n",m,i,s[m][i],nlstate, ndeath, nlstate+ndeath);	
 5785: 	return 1;
 5786:       }
 5787:     }
 5788:   }
 5789: 
 5790:   /*for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){
 5791:   for (m=firstpass; (m<lastpass); m++){
 5792:      printf("%ld %d %.lf %d %d\n", num[i],(covar[1][i]),agev[m][i],s[m][i],s[m+1][i]);
 5793: }
 5794: 
 5795: }*/
 5796: 
 5797: 
 5798:   printf("Total number of individuals= %d, Agemin = %.2f, Agemax= %.2f\n\n", imx, *agemin, *agemax);
 5799:   fprintf(ficlog,"Total number of individuals= %d, Agemin = %.2f, Agemax= %.2f\n\n", imx, *agemin, *agemax); 
 5800: 
 5801:   return (0);
 5802:  /* endread:*/
 5803:     printf("Exiting calandcheckages: ");
 5804:     return (1);
 5805: }
 5806: 
 5807: #if defined(_MSC_VER)
 5808: /*printf("Visual C++ compiler: %s \n;", _MSC_FULL_VER);*/
 5809: /*fprintf(ficlog, "Visual C++ compiler: %s \n;", _MSC_FULL_VER);*/
 5810: //#include "stdafx.h"
 5811: //#include <stdio.h>
 5812: //#include <tchar.h>
 5813: //#include <windows.h>
 5814: //#include <iostream>
 5815: typedef BOOL(WINAPI *LPFN_ISWOW64PROCESS) (HANDLE, PBOOL);
 5816: 
 5817: LPFN_ISWOW64PROCESS fnIsWow64Process;
 5818: 
 5819: BOOL IsWow64()
 5820: {
 5821: 	BOOL bIsWow64 = FALSE;
 5822: 
 5823: 	//typedef BOOL (APIENTRY *LPFN_ISWOW64PROCESS)
 5824: 	//  (HANDLE, PBOOL);
 5825: 
 5826: 	//LPFN_ISWOW64PROCESS fnIsWow64Process;
 5827: 
 5828: 	HMODULE module = GetModuleHandle(_T("kernel32"));
 5829: 	const char funcName[] = "IsWow64Process";
 5830: 	fnIsWow64Process = (LPFN_ISWOW64PROCESS)
 5831: 		GetProcAddress(module, funcName);
 5832: 
 5833: 	if (NULL != fnIsWow64Process)
 5834: 	{
 5835: 		if (!fnIsWow64Process(GetCurrentProcess(),
 5836: 			&bIsWow64))
 5837: 			//throw std::exception("Unknown error");
 5838: 			printf("Unknown error\n");
 5839: 	}
 5840: 	return bIsWow64 != FALSE;
 5841: }
 5842: #endif
 5843: 
 5844: void syscompilerinfo()
 5845:  {
 5846:    /* #include "syscompilerinfo.h"*/
 5847:    /* command line Intel compiler 32bit windows, XP compatible:*/
 5848:    /* /GS /W3 /Gy
 5849:       /Zc:wchar_t /Zi /O2 /Fd"Release\vc120.pdb" /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG" /D
 5850:       "_CONSOLE" /D "_LIB" /D "_USING_V110_SDK71_" /D "_UNICODE" /D
 5851:       "UNICODE" /Qipo /Zc:forScope /Gd /Oi /MT /Fa"Release\" /EHsc /nologo
 5852:       /Fo"Release\" /Qprof-dir "Release\" /Fp"Release\IMaCh.pch"
 5853:    */ 
 5854:    /* 64 bits */
 5855:    /*
 5856:      /GS /W3 /Gy
 5857:      /Zc:wchar_t /Zi /O2 /Fd"x64\Release\vc120.pdb" /D "WIN32" /D "NDEBUG"
 5858:      /D "_CONSOLE" /D "_LIB" /D "_UNICODE" /D "UNICODE" /Qipo /Zc:forScope
 5859:      /Oi /MD /Fa"x64\Release\" /EHsc /nologo /Fo"x64\Release\" /Qprof-dir
 5860:      "x64\Release\" /Fp"x64\Release\IMaCh.pch" */
 5861:    /* Optimization are useless and O3 is slower than O2 */
 5862:    /*
 5863:      /GS /W3 /Gy /Zc:wchar_t /Zi /O3 /Fd"x64\Release\vc120.pdb" /D "WIN32" 
 5864:      /D "NDEBUG" /D "_CONSOLE" /D "_LIB" /D "_UNICODE" /D "UNICODE" /Qipo 
 5865:      /Zc:forScope /Oi /MD /Fa"x64\Release\" /EHsc /nologo /Qparallel 
 5866:      /Fo"x64\Release\" /Qprof-dir "x64\Release\" /Fp"x64\Release\IMaCh.pch" 
 5867:    */
 5868:    /* Link is */ /* /OUT:"visual studio
 5869:       2013\Projects\IMaCh\Release\IMaCh.exe" /MANIFEST /NXCOMPAT
 5870:       /PDB:"visual studio
 5871:       2013\Projects\IMaCh\Release\IMaCh.pdb" /DYNAMICBASE
 5872:       "kernel32.lib" "user32.lib" "gdi32.lib" "winspool.lib"
 5873:       "comdlg32.lib" "advapi32.lib" "shell32.lib" "ole32.lib"
 5874:       "oleaut32.lib" "uuid.lib" "odbc32.lib" "odbccp32.lib"
 5875:       /MACHINE:X86 /OPT:REF /SAFESEH /INCREMENTAL:NO
 5876:       /SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE",5.01" /MANIFESTUAC:"level='asInvoker'
 5877:       uiAccess='false'"
 5878:       /ManifestFile:"Release\IMaCh.exe.intermediate.manifest" /OPT:ICF
 5879:       /NOLOGO /TLBID:1
 5880:    */
 5881: #if defined __INTEL_COMPILER
 5882: #if defined(__GNUC__)
 5883: 	struct utsname sysInfo;  /* For Intel on Linux and OS/X */
 5884: #endif
 5885: #elif defined(__GNUC__) 
 5886: #ifndef  __APPLE__
 5887: #include <gnu/libc-version.h>  /* Only on gnu */
 5888: #endif
 5889:    struct utsname sysInfo;
 5890:    int cross = CROSS;
 5891:    if (cross){
 5892: 	   printf("Cross-");
 5893: 	   fprintf(ficlog, "Cross-");
 5894:    }
 5895: #endif
 5896: 
 5897: #include <stdint.h>
 5898: 
 5899:    printf("Compiled with:");fprintf(ficlog,"Compiled with:");
 5900: #if defined(__clang__)
 5901:    printf(" Clang/LLVM");fprintf(ficlog," Clang/LLVM");	/* Clang/LLVM. ---------------------------------------------- */
 5902: #endif
 5903: #if defined(__ICC) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
 5904:    printf(" Intel ICC/ICPC");fprintf(ficlog," Intel ICC/ICPC");/* Intel ICC/ICPC. ------------------------------------------ */
 5905: #endif
 5906: #if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__)
 5907:    printf(" GNU GCC/G++");fprintf(ficlog," GNU GCC/G++");/* GNU GCC/G++. --------------------------------------------- */
 5908: #endif
 5909: #if defined(__HP_cc) || defined(__HP_aCC)
 5910:    printf(" Hewlett-Packard C/aC++");fprintf(fcilog," Hewlett-Packard C/aC++"); /* Hewlett-Packard C/aC++. ---------------------------------- */
 5911: #endif
 5912: #if defined(__IBMC__) || defined(__IBMCPP__)
 5913:    printf(" IBM XL C/C++"); fprintf(ficlog," IBM XL C/C++");/* IBM XL C/C++. -------------------------------------------- */
 5914: #endif
 5915: #if defined(_MSC_VER)
 5916:    printf(" Microsoft Visual Studio");fprintf(ficlog," Microsoft Visual Studio");/* Microsoft Visual Studio. --------------------------------- */
 5917: #endif
 5918: #if defined(__PGI)
 5919:    printf(" Portland Group PGCC/PGCPP");fprintf(ficlog," Portland Group PGCC/PGCPP");/* Portland Group PGCC/PGCPP. ------------------------------- */
 5920: #endif
 5921: #if defined(__SUNPRO_C) || defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
 5922:    printf(" Oracle Solaris Studio");fprintf(ficlog," Oracle Solaris Studio\n");/* Oracle Solaris Studio. ----------------------------------- */
 5923: #endif
 5924:    printf(" for ");fprintf(ficlog," for ");
 5925:    
 5926: // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4605842/how-to-identify-platform-compiler-from-preprocessor-macros
 5927: #ifdef _WIN32 // note the underscore: without it, it's not msdn official!
 5928:     // Windows (x64 and x86)
 5929:    printf("Windows (x64 and x86) ");fprintf(ficlog,"Windows (x64 and x86) ");
 5930: #elif __unix__ // all unices, not all compilers
 5931:     // Unix
 5932:    printf("Unix ");fprintf(ficlog,"Unix ");
 5933: #elif __linux__
 5934:     // linux
 5935:    printf("linux ");fprintf(ficlog,"linux ");
 5936: #elif __APPLE__
 5937:     // Mac OS, not sure if this is covered by __posix__ and/or __unix__ though..
 5938:    printf("Mac OS ");fprintf(ficlog,"Mac OS ");
 5939: #endif
 5940: 
 5941: /*  __MINGW32__	  */
 5942: /*  __CYGWIN__	 */
 5943: /* __MINGW64__  */
 5944: // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/b0084kay.aspx
 5945: /* _MSC_VER  //the Visual C++ compiler is 17.00.51106.1, the _MSC_VER macro evaluates to 1700. Type cl /?  */
 5946: /* _MSC_FULL_VER //the Visual C++ compiler is 15.00.20706.01, the _MSC_FULL_VER macro evaluates to 150020706 */
 5947: /* _WIN64  // Defined for applications for Win64. */
 5948: /* _M_X64 // Defined for compilations that target x64 processors. */
 5949: /* _DEBUG // Defined when you compile with /LDd, /MDd, and /MTd. */
 5950: 
 5951: #if UINTPTR_MAX == 0xffffffff
 5952:    printf(" 32-bit"); fprintf(ficlog," 32-bit");/* 32-bit */
 5953: #elif UINTPTR_MAX == 0xffffffffffffffff
 5954:    printf(" 64-bit"); fprintf(ficlog," 64-bit");/* 64-bit */
 5955: #else
 5956:    printf(" wtf-bit"); fprintf(ficlog," wtf-bit");/* wtf */
 5957: #endif
 5958: 
 5959: #if defined(__GNUC__)
 5960: # if defined(__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
 5961: #  define __GNUC_VERSION__ (__GNUC__ * 10000 \
 5962:                             + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100 \
 5963:                             + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
 5964: # else
 5965: #  define __GNUC_VERSION__ (__GNUC__ * 10000 \
 5966:                             + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100)
 5967: # endif
 5968:    printf(" using GNU C version %d.\n", __GNUC_VERSION__);
 5969:    fprintf(ficlog, " using GNU C version %d.\n", __GNUC_VERSION__);
 5970: 
 5971:    if (uname(&sysInfo) != -1) {
 5972:      printf("Running on: %s %s %s %s %s\n",sysInfo.sysname, sysInfo.nodename, sysInfo.release, sysInfo.version, sysInfo.machine);
 5973:      fprintf(ficlog,"Running on: %s %s %s %s %s\n ",sysInfo.sysname, sysInfo.nodename, sysInfo.release, sysInfo.version, sysInfo.machine);
 5974:    }
 5975:    else
 5976:       perror("uname() error");
 5977:    //#ifndef __INTEL_COMPILER 
 5978: #if !defined (__INTEL_COMPILER) && !defined(__APPLE__)
 5979:    printf("GNU libc version: %s\n", gnu_get_libc_version()); 
 5980:    fprintf(ficlog,"GNU libc version: %s\n", gnu_get_libc_version());
 5981: #endif
 5982: #endif
 5983: 
 5984:    //   void main()
 5985:    //   {
 5986: #if defined(_MSC_VER)
 5987:    if (IsWow64()){
 5988: 	   printf("The program (probably compiled for 32bit) is running under WOW64 (64bit) emulation.\n");
 5989: 	   fprintf(ficlog, "The program (probably compiled for 32bit) is running under WOW64 (64bit) emulation.\n");
 5990:    }
 5991:    else{
 5992: 	   printf("The process is not running under WOW64 (i.e probably on a 64bit Windows).\n");
 5993: 	   fprintf(ficlog,"The programm is not running under WOW64 (i.e probably on a 64bit Windows).\n");
 5994:    }
 5995:    //	   printf("\nPress Enter to continue...");
 5996:    //	   getchar();
 5997:    //   }
 5998: 
 5999: #endif
 6000:    
 6001: 
 6002:  }
 6003: 
 6004: int prevalence_limit(double *p, double **prlim, double ageminpar, double agemaxpar){
 6005:   /*--------------- Prevalence limit  (period or stable prevalence) --------------*/
 6006:   int i, j, k, i1 ;
 6007:   double ftolpl = 1.e-10;
 6008:   double age, agebase, agelim;
 6009: 
 6010:     strcpy(filerespl,"pl");
 6011:     strcat(filerespl,fileres);
 6012:     if((ficrespl=fopen(filerespl,"w"))==NULL) {
 6013:       printf("Problem with period (stable) prevalence resultfile: %s\n", filerespl);return 1;
 6014:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with period (stable) prevalence resultfile: %s\n", filerespl);return 1;
 6015:     }
 6016:     printf("Computing period (stable) prevalence: result on file '%s' \n", filerespl);
 6017:     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing period (stable) prevalence: result on file '%s' \n", filerespl);
 6018:     pstamp(ficrespl);
 6019:     fprintf(ficrespl,"# Period (stable) prevalence \n");
 6020:     fprintf(ficrespl,"#Age ");
 6021:     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrespl,"%d-%d ",i,i);
 6022:     fprintf(ficrespl,"\n");
 6023:   
 6024:     /* prlim=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);*/ /* back in main */
 6025: 
 6026:     agebase=ageminpar;
 6027:     agelim=agemaxpar;
 6028: 
 6029:     i1=pow(2,cptcoveff);
 6030:     if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
 6031: 
 6032:     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
 6033:     /* for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=1;cptcov++){ */
 6034:       //for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
 6035: 	k=k+1;
 6036: 	/* to clean */
 6037: 	//printf("cptcov=%d cptcod=%d codtab=%d\n",cptcov, cptcod,codtab[cptcod][cptcov]);
 6038: 	fprintf(ficrespl,"\n#******");
 6039: 	printf("\n#******");
 6040: 	fprintf(ficlog,"\n#******");
 6041: 	for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
 6042: 	  fprintf(ficrespl," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 6043: 	  printf(" V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 6044: 	  fprintf(ficlog," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 6045: 	}
 6046: 	fprintf(ficrespl,"******\n");
 6047: 	printf("******\n");
 6048: 	fprintf(ficlog,"******\n");
 6049: 
 6050: 	fprintf(ficrespl,"#Age ");
 6051: 	for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
 6052: 	  fprintf(ficrespl,"V%d %d",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 6053: 	}
 6054: 	for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrespl,"%d-%d ",i,i);
 6055: 	fprintf(ficrespl,"\n");
 6056: 	
 6057: 	for (age=agebase; age<=agelim; age++){
 6058: 	/* for (age=agebase; age<=agebase; age++){ */
 6059: 	  prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm,ftolpl,k);
 6060: 	  fprintf(ficrespl,"%.0f ",age );
 6061: 	  for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)
 6062: 	    fprintf(ficrespl,"%d %d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 6063: 	  for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 6064: 	    fprintf(ficrespl," %.5f", prlim[i][i]);
 6065: 	  fprintf(ficrespl,"\n");
 6066: 	} /* Age */
 6067: 	/* was end of cptcod */
 6068:     } /* cptcov */
 6069: 	return 0;
 6070: }
 6071: 
 6072: int hPijx(double *p, int bage, int fage){
 6073:     /*------------- h Pij x at various ages ------------*/
 6074: 
 6075:   int stepsize;
 6076:   int agelim;
 6077:   int hstepm;
 6078:   int nhstepm;
 6079:   int h, i, i1, j, k;
 6080: 
 6081:   double agedeb;
 6082:   double ***p3mat;
 6083: 
 6084:     strcpy(filerespij,"pij");  strcat(filerespij,fileres);
 6085:     if((ficrespij=fopen(filerespij,"w"))==NULL) {
 6086:       printf("Problem with Pij resultfile: %s\n", filerespij); return 1;
 6087:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Pij resultfile: %s\n", filerespij); return 1;
 6088:     }
 6089:     printf("Computing pij: result on file '%s' \n", filerespij);
 6090:     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing pij: result on file '%s' \n", filerespij);
 6091:   
 6092:     stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
 6093:     /*if (stepm<=24) stepsize=2;*/
 6094: 
 6095:     agelim=AGESUP;
 6096:     hstepm=stepsize*YEARM; /* Every year of age */
 6097:     hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */ 
 6098: 
 6099:     /* hstepm=1;   aff par mois*/
 6100:     pstamp(ficrespij);
 6101:     fprintf(ficrespij,"#****** h Pij x Probability to be in state j at age x+h being in i at x ");
 6102:     i1= pow(2,cptcoveff);
 6103:    /* for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){ */
 6104:    /*    /\*for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){*\/ */
 6105:    /*  	k=k+1;  */
 6106:     for (k=1; k <= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff); k++){
 6107:       fprintf(ficrespij,"\n#****** ");
 6108:       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
 6109: 	fprintf(ficrespij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 6110:       fprintf(ficrespij,"******\n");
 6111:       
 6112:       for (agedeb=fage; agedeb>=bage; agedeb--){ /* If stepm=6 months */
 6113: 	nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */ 
 6114: 	nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */
 6115: 	
 6116: 	/*	  nhstepm=nhstepm*YEARM; aff par mois*/
 6117: 	
 6118: 	p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 6119: 	oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
 6120: 	hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);  
 6121: 	fprintf(ficrespij,"# Cov Agex agex+h hpijx with i,j=");
 6122: 	for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 6123: 	  for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
 6124: 	    fprintf(ficrespij," %1d-%1d",i,j);
 6125: 	fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
 6126: 	for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
 6127: 	  /*agedebphstep = agedeb + h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm;*/
 6128: 	  fprintf(ficrespij,"%d %3.f %3.f",k, agedeb, agedeb + h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm );
 6129: 	  for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 6130: 	    for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
 6131: 	      fprintf(ficrespij," %.5f", p3mat[i][j][h]);
 6132: 	  fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
 6133: 	}
 6134: 	free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 6135: 	fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
 6136:       }
 6137:       /*}*/
 6138:     }
 6139: 	return 0;
 6140: }
 6141: 
 6142: 
 6143: /***********************************************/
 6144: /**************** Main Program *****************/
 6145: /***********************************************/
 6146: 
 6147: int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 6148: {
 6149: #ifdef GSL
 6150:   const gsl_multimin_fminimizer_type *T;
 6151:   size_t iteri = 0, it;
 6152:   int rval = GSL_CONTINUE;
 6153:   int status = GSL_SUCCESS;
 6154:   double ssval;
 6155: #endif
 6156:   int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav);
 6157:   int i,j, k, n=MAXN,iter=0,m,size=100, cptcod;
 6158: 
 6159:   int jj, ll, li, lj, lk;
 6160:   int numlinepar=0; /* Current linenumber of parameter file */
 6161:   int itimes;
 6162:   int NDIM=2;
 6163:   int vpopbased=0;
 6164: 
 6165:   char ca[32], cb[32];
 6166:   /*  FILE *fichtm; *//* Html File */
 6167:   /* FILE *ficgp;*/ /*Gnuplot File */
 6168:   struct stat info;
 6169:   double agedeb;
 6170:   double ageminpar=1.e20,agemin=1.e20, agemaxpar=-1.e20, agemax=-1.e20;
 6171: 
 6172:   double fret;
 6173:   double dum; /* Dummy variable */
 6174:   double ***p3mat;
 6175:   double ***mobaverage;
 6176: 
 6177:   char line[MAXLINE];
 6178:   char path[MAXLINE],pathc[MAXLINE],pathcd[MAXLINE],pathtot[MAXLINE],model[MAXLINE];
 6179:   char pathr[MAXLINE], pathimach[MAXLINE]; 
 6180:   char *tok, *val; /* pathtot */
 6181:   int firstobs=1, lastobs=10;
 6182:   int c,  h , cpt;
 6183:   int jl;
 6184:   int i1, j1, jk, stepsize;
 6185:   int *tab; 
 6186:   int mobilavproj=0 , prevfcast=0 ; /* moving average of prev, If prevfcast=1 prevalence projection */
 6187:   int mobilav=0,popforecast=0;
 6188:   int hstepm, nhstepm;
 6189:   int agemortsup;
 6190:   float  sumlpop=0.;
 6191:   double jprev1=1, mprev1=1,anprev1=2000,jprev2=1, mprev2=1,anprev2=2000;
 6192:   double jpyram=1, mpyram=1,anpyram=2000,jpyram1=1, mpyram1=1,anpyram1=2000;
 6193: 
 6194:   double bage=0, fage=110, age, agelim, agebase;
 6195:   double ftolpl=FTOL;
 6196:   double **prlim;
 6197:   double ***param; /* Matrix of parameters */
 6198:   double  *p;
 6199:   double **matcov; /* Matrix of covariance */
 6200:   double ***delti3; /* Scale */
 6201:   double *delti; /* Scale */
 6202:   double ***eij, ***vareij;
 6203:   double **varpl; /* Variances of prevalence limits by age */
 6204:   double *epj, vepp;
 6205: 
 6206:   double dateprev1, dateprev2,jproj1=1,mproj1=1,anproj1=2000,jproj2=1,mproj2=1,anproj2=2000;
 6207:   double **ximort;
 6208:   char *alph[]={"a","a","b","c","d","e"}, str[4]="1234";
 6209:   int *dcwave;
 6210: 
 6211:   char z[1]="c";
 6212: 
 6213:   /*char  *strt;*/
 6214:   char strtend[80];
 6215: 
 6216: 
 6217: /*   setlocale (LC_ALL, ""); */
 6218: /*   bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR); */
 6219: /*   textdomain (PACKAGE); */
 6220: /*   setlocale (LC_CTYPE, ""); */
 6221: /*   setlocale (LC_MESSAGES, ""); */
 6222: 
 6223:   /*   gettimeofday(&start_time, (struct timezone*)0); */ /* at first time */
 6224:   rstart_time = time(NULL);  
 6225:   /*  (void) gettimeofday(&start_time,&tzp);*/
 6226:   start_time = *localtime(&rstart_time);
 6227:   curr_time=start_time;
 6228:   /*tml = *localtime(&start_time.tm_sec);*/
 6229:   /* strcpy(strstart,asctime(&tml)); */
 6230:   strcpy(strstart,asctime(&start_time));
 6231: 
 6232: /*  printf("Localtime (at start)=%s",strstart); */
 6233: /*  tp.tm_sec = tp.tm_sec +86400; */
 6234: /*  tm = *localtime(&start_time.tm_sec); */
 6235: /*   tmg.tm_year=tmg.tm_year +dsign*dyear; */
 6236: /*   tmg.tm_mon=tmg.tm_mon +dsign*dmonth; */
 6237: /*   tmg.tm_hour=tmg.tm_hour + 1; */
 6238: /*   tp.tm_sec = mktime(&tmg); */
 6239: /*   strt=asctime(&tmg); */
 6240: /*   printf("Time(after) =%s",strstart);  */
 6241: /*  (void) time (&time_value);
 6242: *  printf("time=%d,t-=%d\n",time_value,time_value-86400);
 6243: *  tm = *localtime(&time_value);
 6244: *  strstart=asctime(&tm);
 6245: *  printf("tim_value=%d,asctime=%s\n",time_value,strstart); 
 6246: */
 6247: 
 6248:   nberr=0; /* Number of errors and warnings */
 6249:   nbwarn=0;
 6250: #ifdef WIN32
 6251:   _getcwd(pathcd, size);
 6252: #else
 6253:   getcwd(pathcd, size);
 6254: #endif
 6255: 
 6256:   printf("\n%s\n%s",version,fullversion);
 6257:   if(argc <=1){
 6258:     printf("\nEnter the parameter file name: ");
 6259:     fgets(pathr,FILENAMELENGTH,stdin);
 6260:     i=strlen(pathr);
 6261:     if(pathr[i-1]=='\n')
 6262:       pathr[i-1]='\0';
 6263:     i=strlen(pathr);
 6264:     if(pathr[i-1]==' ') /* This may happen when dragging on oS/X! */
 6265:       pathr[i-1]='\0';
 6266:    for (tok = pathr; tok != NULL; ){
 6267:       printf("Pathr |%s|\n",pathr);
 6268:       while ((val = strsep(&tok, "\"" )) != NULL && *val == '\0');
 6269:       printf("val= |%s| pathr=%s\n",val,pathr);
 6270:       strcpy (pathtot, val);
 6271:       if(pathr[0] == '\0') break; /* Dirty */
 6272:     }
 6273:   }
 6274:   else{
 6275:     strcpy(pathtot,argv[1]);
 6276:   }
 6277:   /*if(getcwd(pathcd, MAXLINE)!= NULL)printf ("Error pathcd\n");*/
 6278:   /*cygwin_split_path(pathtot,path,optionfile);
 6279:     printf("pathtot=%s, path=%s, optionfile=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile);*/
 6280:   /* cutv(path,optionfile,pathtot,'\\');*/
 6281: 
 6282:   /* Split argv[0], imach program to get pathimach */
 6283:   printf("\nargv[0]=%s argv[1]=%s, \n",argv[0],argv[1]);
 6284:   split(argv[0],pathimach,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
 6285:   printf("\nargv[0]=%s pathimach=%s, \noptionfile=%s \noptionfilext=%s \noptionfilefiname=%s\n",argv[0],pathimach,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
 6286:  /*   strcpy(pathimach,argv[0]); */
 6287:   /* Split argv[1]=pathtot, parameter file name to get path, optionfile, extension and name */
 6288:   split(pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
 6289:   printf("\npathtot=%s,\npath=%s,\noptionfile=%s \noptionfilext=%s \noptionfilefiname=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
 6290: #ifdef WIN32
 6291:   _chdir(path); /* Can be a relative path */
 6292:   if(_getcwd(pathcd,MAXLINE) > 0) /* So pathcd is the full path */
 6293: #else
 6294:   chdir(path); /* Can be a relative path */
 6295:   if (getcwd(pathcd, MAXLINE) > 0) /* So pathcd is the full path */
 6296: #endif
 6297:   printf("Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
 6298:   strcpy(command,"mkdir ");
 6299:   strcat(command,optionfilefiname);
 6300:   if((outcmd=system(command)) != 0){
 6301:     printf("Directory already exists (or can't create it) %s%s, err=%d\n",path,optionfilefiname,outcmd);
 6302:     /* fprintf(ficlog,"Problem creating directory %s%s\n",path,optionfilefiname); */
 6303:     /* fclose(ficlog); */
 6304: /*     exit(1); */
 6305:   }
 6306: /*   if((imk=mkdir(optionfilefiname))<0){ */
 6307: /*     perror("mkdir"); */
 6308: /*   } */
 6309: 
 6310:   /*-------- arguments in the command line --------*/
 6311: 
 6312:   /* Main Log file */
 6313:   strcat(filelog, optionfilefiname);
 6314:   strcat(filelog,".log");    /* */
 6315:   if((ficlog=fopen(filelog,"w"))==NULL)    {
 6316:     printf("Problem with logfile %s\n",filelog);
 6317:     goto end;
 6318:   }
 6319:   fprintf(ficlog,"Log filename:%s\n",filelog);
 6320:   fprintf(ficlog,"\n%s\n%s",version,fullversion);
 6321:   fprintf(ficlog,"\nEnter the parameter file name: \n");
 6322:   fprintf(ficlog,"pathimach=%s\npathtot=%s\n\
 6323:  path=%s \n\
 6324:  optionfile=%s\n\
 6325:  optionfilext=%s\n\
 6326:  optionfilefiname='%s'\n",pathimach,pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
 6327: 
 6328:   syscompilerinfo();
 6329: 
 6330:   printf("Local time (at start):%s",strstart);
 6331:   fprintf(ficlog,"Local time (at start): %s",strstart);
 6332:   fflush(ficlog);
 6333: /*   (void) gettimeofday(&curr_time,&tzp); */
 6334: /*   printf("Elapsed time %d\n", asc_diff_time(curr_time.tm_sec-start_time.tm_sec,tmpout)); */
 6335: 
 6336:   /* */
 6337:   strcpy(fileres,"r");
 6338:   strcat(fileres, optionfilefiname);
 6339:   strcat(fileres,".txt");    /* Other files have txt extension */
 6340: 
 6341:   /* Main ---------arguments file --------*/
 6342: 
 6343:   if((ficpar=fopen(optionfile,"r"))==NULL)    {
 6344:     printf("Problem with optionfile '%s' with errno='%s'\n",optionfile,strerror(errno));
 6345:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with optionfile '%s' with errno='%s'\n",optionfile,strerror(errno));
 6346:     fflush(ficlog);
 6347:     /* goto end; */
 6348:     exit(70); 
 6349:   }
 6350: 
 6351: 
 6352: 
 6353:   strcpy(filereso,"o");
 6354:   strcat(filereso,fileres);
 6355:   if((ficparo=fopen(filereso,"w"))==NULL) { /* opened on subdirectory */
 6356:     printf("Problem with Output resultfile: %s\n", filereso);
 6357:     fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Output resultfile: %s\n", filereso);
 6358:     fflush(ficlog);
 6359:     goto end;
 6360:   }
 6361: 
 6362:   /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
 6363:   numlinepar=0;
 6364:   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
 6365:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
 6366:     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
 6367:     numlinepar++;
 6368:     fputs(line,stdout);
 6369:     fputs(line,ficparo);
 6370:     fputs(line,ficlog);
 6371:   }
 6372:   ungetc(c,ficpar);
 6373: 
 6374:   fscanf(ficpar,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%lf stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d model=1+age+%s\n",title, datafile, &lastobs, &firstpass,&lastpass,&ftol, &stepm, &ncovcol, &nlstate,&ndeath, &maxwav, &mle, &weightopt,model);
 6375:   numlinepar++;
 6376:   printf("title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=1+age+%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate,ndeath, maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
 6377:   if(model[strlen(model)-1]=='.') /* Suppressing leading dot in the model */
 6378:     model[strlen(model)-1]='\0';
 6379:   fprintf(ficparo,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=1+age+%s.\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol,nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
 6380:   fprintf(ficlog,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=1+age+%s.\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol,nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
 6381:   fflush(ficlog);
 6382:   if(model[0]=='#'|| model[0]== '\0'){
 6383:     printf("Error in 'model' line: model should start with 'model=1+age+' and end with '.' \n \
 6384:  'model=1+age+.' or 'model=1+age+V1.' or 'model=1+age+age*age+V1+V1*age.' or \n \
 6385:  'model=1+age+V1+V2.' or 'model=1+age+V1+V2+V1*V2.' etc. \n");		\
 6386:     if(mle != -1){
 6387:       printf("Fix the model line and run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct template of the parameter file.\n");
 6388:       exit(1);
 6389:     }
 6390:   }
 6391:   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
 6392:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
 6393:     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
 6394:     numlinepar++;
 6395:     fputs(line, stdout);
 6396:     //puts(line);
 6397:     fputs(line,ficparo);
 6398:     fputs(line,ficlog);
 6399:   }
 6400:   ungetc(c,ficpar);
 6401: 
 6402:    
 6403:   covar=matrix(0,NCOVMAX,1,n);  /**< used in readdata */
 6404:   cptcovn=0; /*Number of covariates, i.e. number of '+' in model statement plus one, indepently of n in Vn*/
 6405:   /* v1+v2+v3+v2*v4+v5*age makes cptcovn = 5
 6406:      v1+v2*age+v2*v3 makes cptcovn = 3
 6407:   */
 6408:   if (strlen(model)>1) 
 6409:     ncovmodel=2+nbocc(model,'+')+1; /*Number of variables including intercept and age = cptcovn + intercept + age : v1+v2+v3+v2*v4+v5*age makes 5+2=7,age*age makes 3*/
 6410:   else
 6411:     ncovmodel=2; /* Constant and age */
 6412:   nforce= (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate; /* Number of forces ij from state i to j */
 6413:   npar= nforce*ncovmodel; /* Number of parameters like aij*/
 6414:   if(npar >MAXPARM || nlstate >NLSTATEMAX || ndeath >NDEATHMAX || ncovmodel>NCOVMAX){
 6415:     printf("Too complex model for current IMaCh: npar=(nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel=%d >= %d(MAXPARM) or nlstate=%d >= %d(NLSTATEMAX) or ndeath=%d >= %d(NDEATHMAX) or ncovmodel=(k+age+#of+signs)=%d(NCOVMAX) >= %d\n",npar, MAXPARM, nlstate, NLSTATEMAX, ndeath, NDEATHMAX, ncovmodel, NCOVMAX);
 6416:     fprintf(ficlog,"Too complex model for current IMaCh: %d >=%d(MAXPARM) or %d >=%d(NLSTATEMAX) or %d >=%d(NDEATHMAX) or %d(NCOVMAX) >=%d\n",npar, MAXPARM, nlstate, NLSTATEMAX, ndeath, NDEATHMAX, ncovmodel, NCOVMAX);
 6417:     fflush(stdout);
 6418:     fclose (ficlog);
 6419:     goto end;
 6420:   }
 6421:   delti3= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
 6422:   delti=delti3[1][1];
 6423:   /*delti=vector(1,npar); *//* Scale of each paramater (output from hesscov)*/
 6424:   if(mle==-1){ /* Print a wizard for help writing covariance matrix */
 6425:     prwizard(ncovmodel, nlstate, ndeath, model, ficparo);
 6426:     printf(" You choose mle=-1, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
 6427:     fprintf(ficlog," You choose mle=-1, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
 6428:     free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel); 
 6429:     fclose (ficparo);
 6430:     fclose (ficlog);
 6431:     goto end;
 6432:     exit(0);
 6433:   }
 6434:   else if(mle==-3) { /* Main Wizard */
 6435:     prwizard(ncovmodel, nlstate, ndeath, model, ficparo);
 6436:     printf(" You choose mle=-3, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
 6437:     fprintf(ficlog," You choose mle=-3, look at file %s for a template of covariance matrix \n",filereso);
 6438:     param= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
 6439:     matcov=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
 6440:   }
 6441:   else{
 6442:     /* Read guessed parameters */
 6443:     /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
 6444:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
 6445:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
 6446:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
 6447:       numlinepar++;
 6448:       fputs(line,stdout);
 6449:       fputs(line,ficparo);
 6450:       fputs(line,ficlog);
 6451:     }
 6452:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
 6453:     
 6454:     param= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
 6455:     for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
 6456:       j=0;
 6457:       for(jj=1; jj <=nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
 6458: 	if(jj==i) continue;
 6459: 	j++;
 6460: 	fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);
 6461: 	if ((i1 != i) && (j1 != j)){
 6462: 	  printf("Error in line parameters number %d, %1d%1d instead of %1d%1d \n \
 6463: It might be a problem of design; if ncovcol and the model are correct\n \
 6464: run imach with mle=-1 to get a correct template of the parameter file.\n",numlinepar, i,j, i1, j1);
 6465: 	  exit(1);
 6466: 	}
 6467: 	fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
 6468: 	if(mle==1)
 6469: 	  printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
 6470: 	fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i,j);
 6471: 	for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
 6472: 	  fscanf(ficpar," %lf",&param[i][j][k]);
 6473: 	  if(mle==1){
 6474: 	    printf(" %lf",param[i][j][k]);
 6475: 	    fprintf(ficlog," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
 6476: 	  }
 6477: 	  else
 6478: 	    fprintf(ficlog," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
 6479: 	  fprintf(ficparo," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
 6480: 	}
 6481: 	fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
 6482: 	numlinepar++;
 6483: 	if(mle==1)
 6484: 	  printf("\n");
 6485: 	fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 6486: 	fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
 6487:       }
 6488:     }  
 6489:     fflush(ficlog);
 6490: 
 6491:     /* Reads scales values */
 6492:     p=param[1][1];
 6493:     
 6494:     /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
 6495:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
 6496:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
 6497:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
 6498:       numlinepar++;
 6499:       fputs(line,stdout);
 6500:       fputs(line,ficparo);
 6501:       fputs(line,ficlog);
 6502:     }
 6503:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
 6504: 
 6505:     for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
 6506:       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath-1; j++){
 6507: 	fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);
 6508: 	if ( (i1-i) * (j1-j) != 0){
 6509: 	  printf("Error in line parameters number %d, %1d%1d instead of %1d%1d \n",numlinepar, i,j, i1, j1);
 6510: 	  exit(1);
 6511: 	}
 6512: 	printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
 6513: 	fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
 6514: 	fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
 6515: 	for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
 6516: 	  fscanf(ficpar,"%le",&delti3[i][j][k]);
 6517: 	  printf(" %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
 6518: 	  fprintf(ficparo," %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
 6519: 	  fprintf(ficlog," %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
 6520: 	}
 6521: 	fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
 6522: 	numlinepar++;
 6523: 	printf("\n");
 6524: 	fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
 6525: 	fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 6526:       }
 6527:     }
 6528:     fflush(ficlog);
 6529: 
 6530:     /* Reads covariance matrix */
 6531:     delti=delti3[1][1];
 6532: 
 6533: 
 6534:     /* free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel); */ /* Hasn't to to freed here otherwise delti is no more allocated */
 6535:   
 6536:     /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
 6537:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
 6538:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
 6539:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
 6540:       numlinepar++;
 6541:       fputs(line,stdout);
 6542:       fputs(line,ficparo);
 6543:       fputs(line,ficlog);
 6544:     }
 6545:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
 6546:   
 6547:     matcov=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
 6548:     for(i=1; i <=npar; i++)
 6549:       for(j=1; j <=npar; j++) matcov[i][j]=0.;
 6550:       
 6551:     for(i=1; i <=npar; i++){
 6552:       fscanf(ficpar,"%s",str);
 6553:       if(mle==1)
 6554: 	printf("%s",str);
 6555:       fprintf(ficlog,"%s",str);
 6556:       fprintf(ficparo,"%s",str);
 6557:       for(j=1; j <=i; j++){
 6558: 	fscanf(ficpar," %le",&matcov[i][j]);
 6559: 	if(mle==1){
 6560: 	  printf(" %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
 6561: 	}
 6562: 	fprintf(ficlog," %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
 6563: 	fprintf(ficparo," %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
 6564:       }
 6565:       fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
 6566:       numlinepar++;
 6567:       if(mle==1)
 6568: 	printf("\n");
 6569:       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 6570:       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
 6571:     }
 6572:     for(i=1; i <=npar; i++)
 6573:       for(j=i+1;j<=npar;j++)
 6574: 	matcov[i][j]=matcov[j][i];
 6575:     
 6576:     if(mle==1)
 6577:       printf("\n");
 6578:     fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 6579:     
 6580:     fflush(ficlog);
 6581:     
 6582:     /*-------- Rewriting parameter file ----------*/
 6583:     strcpy(rfileres,"r");    /* "Rparameterfile */
 6584:     strcat(rfileres,optionfilefiname);    /* Parameter file first name*/
 6585:     strcat(rfileres,".");    /* */
 6586:     strcat(rfileres,optionfilext);    /* Other files have txt extension */
 6587:     if((ficres =fopen(rfileres,"w"))==NULL) {
 6588:       printf("Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", fileres);goto end;
 6589:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", fileres);goto end;
 6590:     }
 6591:     fprintf(ficres,"#%s\n",version);
 6592:   }    /* End of mle != -3 */
 6593: 
 6594:   /*  Main data
 6595:    */
 6596:   n= lastobs;
 6597:   num=lvector(1,n);
 6598:   moisnais=vector(1,n);
 6599:   annais=vector(1,n);
 6600:   moisdc=vector(1,n);
 6601:   andc=vector(1,n);
 6602:   agedc=vector(1,n);
 6603:   cod=ivector(1,n);
 6604:   weight=vector(1,n);
 6605:   for(i=1;i<=n;i++) weight[i]=1.0; /* Equal weights, 1 by default */
 6606:   mint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);
 6607:   anint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);
 6608:   s=imatrix(1,maxwav+1,1,n); /* s[i][j] health state for wave i and individual j */ 
 6609:   tab=ivector(1,NCOVMAX);
 6610:   ncodemax=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Number of code per covariate; if O and 1 only, 2**ncov; V1+V2+V3+V4=>16 */
 6611: 
 6612:   /* Reads data from file datafile */
 6613:   if (readdata(datafile, firstobs, lastobs, &imx)==1)
 6614:     goto end;
 6615: 
 6616:   /* Calculation of the number of parameters from char model */
 6617:     /*    modelsav=V2+V1+V4+age*V3 strb=age*V3 stra=V2+V1+V4 
 6618: 	k=4 (age*V3) Tvar[k=4]= 3 (from V3) Tag[cptcovage=1]=4
 6619: 	k=3 V4 Tvar[k=3]= 4 (from V4)
 6620: 	k=2 V1 Tvar[k=2]= 1 (from V1)
 6621: 	k=1 Tvar[1]=2 (from V2)
 6622:     */
 6623:   Tvar=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Was 15 changed to NCOVMAX. */
 6624:   /*  V2+V1+V4+age*V3 is a model with 4 covariates (3 plus signs). 
 6625:       For each model-covariate stores the data-covariate id. Tvar[1]=2, Tvar[2]=1, Tvar[3]=4, 
 6626:       Tvar[4=age*V3] is 3 and 'age' is recorded in Tage.
 6627:   */
 6628:   /* For model-covariate k tells which data-covariate to use but
 6629:     because this model-covariate is a construction we invent a new column
 6630:     ncovcol + k1
 6631:     If already ncovcol=4 and model=V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3
 6632:     Tvar[3=V1*V4]=4+1 etc */
 6633:   Tprod=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Gives the position of a product */
 6634:   /* Tprod[k1=1]=3(=V1*V4) for V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3
 6635:      if  V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2   TProd[k1=2]=5 (V3*V2)
 6636:   */
 6637:   Tvaraff=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Unclear */
 6638:   Tvard=imatrix(1,NCOVMAX,1,2); /* n=Tvard[k1][1]  and m=Tvard[k1][2] gives the couple n,m of the k1 th product Vn*Vm
 6639: 			    * For V3*V2 (in V2+V1+V1*V4+age*V3+V3*V2), V3*V2 position is 2nd. 
 6640: 			    * Tvard[k1=2][1]=3 (V3) Tvard[k1=2][2]=2(V2) */
 6641:   Tage=ivector(1,NCOVMAX); /* Gives the covariate id of covariates associated with age: V2 + V1 + age*V4 + V3*age
 6642: 			 4 covariates (3 plus signs)
 6643: 			 Tage[1=V3*age]= 4; Tage[2=age*V4] = 3
 6644: 		      */  
 6645: 
 6646: /* Main decodemodel */
 6647: 
 6648: 
 6649:   if(decodemodel(model, lastobs) == 1)
 6650:     goto end;
 6651: 
 6652:   if((double)(lastobs-imx)/(double)imx > 1.10){
 6653:     nbwarn++;
 6654:     printf("Warning: The value of parameter lastobs=%d is big compared to the \n  effective number of cases imx=%d, please adjust, \n  otherwise you are allocating more memory than necessary.\n",lastobs, imx); 
 6655:     fprintf(ficlog,"Warning: The value of parameter lastobs=%d is big compared to the \n  effective number of cases imx=%d, please adjust, \n  otherwise you are allocating more memory than necessary.\n",lastobs, imx); 
 6656:   }
 6657:     /*  if(mle==1){*/
 6658:   if (weightopt != 1) { /* Maximisation without weights. We can have weights different from 1 but want no weight*/
 6659:     for(i=1;i<=imx;i++) weight[i]=1.0; /* changed to imx */
 6660:   }
 6661: 
 6662:     /*-calculation of age at interview from date of interview and age at death -*/
 6663:   agev=matrix(1,maxwav,1,imx);
 6664: 
 6665:   if(calandcheckages(imx, maxwav, &agemin, &agemax, &nberr, &nbwarn) == 1)
 6666:     goto end;
 6667: 
 6668: 
 6669:   agegomp=(int)agemin;
 6670:   free_vector(moisnais,1,n);
 6671:   free_vector(annais,1,n);
 6672:   /* free_matrix(mint,1,maxwav,1,n);
 6673:      free_matrix(anint,1,maxwav,1,n);*/
 6674:   free_vector(moisdc,1,n);
 6675:   free_vector(andc,1,n);
 6676:   /* */
 6677:   
 6678:   wav=ivector(1,imx);
 6679:   dh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
 6680:   bh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
 6681:   mw=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
 6682:    
 6683:   /* Concatenates waves */
 6684:   concatwav(wav, dh, bh, mw, s, agedc, agev,  firstpass, lastpass, imx, nlstate, stepm);
 6685:   /* */
 6686:  
 6687:   /* Routine tricode is to calculate cptcoveff (real number of unique covariates) and to associate covariable number and modality */
 6688: 
 6689:   nbcode=imatrix(0,NCOVMAX,0,NCOVMAX); 
 6690:   ncodemax[1]=1;
 6691:   Ndum =ivector(-1,NCOVMAX);  
 6692:   if (ncovmodel-nagesqr > 2 ) /* That is if covariate other than cst, age and age*age */
 6693:     tricode(Tvar,nbcode,imx, Ndum); /**< Fills nbcode[Tvar[j]][l]; */
 6694:   /* Nbcode gives the value of the lth modality of jth covariate, in
 6695:      V2+V1*age, there are 3 covariates Tvar[2]=1 (V1).*/
 6696:   /* 1 to ncodemax[j] is the maximum value of this jth covariate */
 6697: 
 6698:   codtab=imatrix(1,100,1,10); /* codtab[h,k]=( (h-1) - mod(k-1,2**(k-1) )/2**(k-1) */
 6699:   /*printf(" codtab[1,1],codtab[100,10]=%d,%d\n", codtab[1][1],codtab[100][10]);*/
 6700:   /* codtab gives the value 1 or 2 of the hth combination of k covariates (1 or 2).*/
 6701:   h=0;
 6702: 
 6703: 
 6704:   /*if (cptcovn > 0) */
 6705:       
 6706:  
 6707:   m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
 6708:  
 6709:   for(k=1;k<=cptcoveff; k++){ /* scans any effective covariate */
 6710:     for(i=1; i <=pow(2,cptcoveff-k);i++){ /* i=1 to 8/1=8; i=1 to 8/2=4; i=1 to 8/8=1 */ 
 6711:       for(j=1; j <= ncodemax[k]; j++){ /* For each modality of this covariate ncodemax=2*/
 6712: 	for(cpt=1; cpt <=pow(2,k-1); cpt++){  /* cpt=1 to 8/2**(3+1-1 or 3+1-3) =1 or 4 */ 
 6713: 	  h++;
 6714: 	  if (h>m) 
 6715: 	    h=1;
 6716: 	  /**< codtab(h,k)  k   = codtab[h,k]=( (h-1) - mod(k-1,2**(k-1) )/2**(k-1) + 1
 6717: 	   * For k=4 covariates, h goes from 1 to 2**k
 6718: 	   * codtabm(h,k)=  1 & (h-1) >> (k-1) ;
 6719: 	   *     h\k   1     2     3     4
 6720: 	   *______________________________  
 6721: 	   *     1 i=1 1 i=1 1 i=1 1 i=1 1
 6722: 	   *     2     2     1     1     1
 6723: 	   *     3 i=2 1     2     1     1
 6724: 	   *     4     2     2     1     1
 6725: 	   *     5 i=3 1 i=2 1     2     1
 6726: 	   *     6     2     1     2     1
 6727: 	   *     7 i=4 1     2     2     1
 6728: 	   *     8     2     2     2     1
 6729: 	   *     9 i=5 1 i=3 1 i=2 1     1
 6730: 	   *    10     2     1     1     1
 6731: 	   *    11 i=6 1     2     1     1
 6732: 	   *    12     2     2     1     1
 6733: 	   *    13 i=7 1 i=4 1     2     1    
 6734: 	   *    14     2     1     2     1
 6735: 	   *    15 i=8 1     2     2     1
 6736: 	   *    16     2     2     2     1
 6737: 	   */
 6738: 	  codtab[h][k]=j;
 6739: 	  /* codtab[12][3]=1; */
 6740: 	  /*codtab[h][Tvar[k]]=j;*/
 6741: 	  printf("h=%d k=%d j=%d codtab[h][k]=%d Tvar[k]=%d codtab[h][Tvar[k]]=%d \n",h, k,j,codtab[h][k],Tvar[k],codtab[h][Tvar[k]]);
 6742: 	} 
 6743:       }
 6744:     }
 6745:   } 
 6746:   /* printf("codtab[1][2]=%d codtab[2][2]=%d",codtab[1][2],codtab[2][2]); 
 6747:      codtab[1][2]=1;codtab[2][2]=2; */
 6748:   /* for(i=1; i <=m ;i++){ 
 6749:      for(k=1; k <=cptcovn; k++){
 6750:        printf("i=%d k=%d %d %d ",i,k,codtab[i][k], cptcoveff);
 6751:      }
 6752:      printf("\n");
 6753:      }
 6754:      scanf("%d",i);*/
 6755: 
 6756:  free_ivector(Ndum,-1,NCOVMAX);
 6757: 
 6758: 
 6759:     
 6760:   /* Initialisation of ----------- gnuplot -------------*/
 6761:   strcpy(optionfilegnuplot,optionfilefiname);
 6762:   if(mle==-3)
 6763:     strcat(optionfilegnuplot,"-mort");
 6764:   strcat(optionfilegnuplot,".gp");
 6765: 
 6766:   if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"w"))==NULL) {
 6767:     printf("Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot);
 6768:   }
 6769:   else{
 6770:     fprintf(ficgp,"\n# %s\n", version); 
 6771:     fprintf(ficgp,"# %s\n", optionfilegnuplot); 
 6772:     //fprintf(ficgp,"set missing 'NaNq'\n");
 6773:     fprintf(ficgp,"set datafile missing 'NaNq'\n");
 6774:   }
 6775:   /*  fclose(ficgp);*/
 6776: 
 6777: 
 6778:   /* Initialisation of --------- index.htm --------*/
 6779: 
 6780:   strcpy(optionfilehtm,optionfilefiname); /* Main html file */
 6781:   if(mle==-3)
 6782:     strcat(optionfilehtm,"-mort");
 6783:   strcat(optionfilehtm,".htm");
 6784:   if((fichtm=fopen(optionfilehtm,"w"))==NULL)    {
 6785:     printf("Problem with %s \n",optionfilehtm);
 6786:     exit(0);
 6787:   }
 6788: 
 6789:   strcpy(optionfilehtmcov,optionfilefiname); /* Only for matrix of covariance */
 6790:   strcat(optionfilehtmcov,"-cov.htm");
 6791:   if((fichtmcov=fopen(optionfilehtmcov,"w"))==NULL)    {
 6792:     printf("Problem with %s \n",optionfilehtmcov), exit(0);
 6793:   }
 6794:   else{
 6795:   fprintf(fichtmcov,"<html><head>\n<title>IMaCh Cov %s</title></head>\n <body><font size=\"2\">%s <br> %s</font> \
 6796: <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n\
 6797: Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=%s<br>\n",\
 6798: 	  optionfilehtmcov,version,fullversion,title,datafile,firstpass,lastpass,stepm, weightopt, model);
 6799:   }
 6800: 
 6801:   fprintf(fichtm,"<html><head>\n<title>IMaCh %s</title></head>\n <body><font size=\"2\">%s <br> %s</font> \
 6802: <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n\
 6803: Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=%s<br>\n\
 6804: \n\
 6805: <hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">\
 6806:  <ul><li><h4>Parameter files</h4>\n\
 6807:  - Parameter file: <a href=\"%s.%s\">%s.%s</a><br>\n\
 6808:  - Copy of the parameter file: <a href=\"o%s\">o%s</a><br>\n\
 6809:  - Log file of the run: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n\
 6810:  - Gnuplot file name: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n\
 6811:  - Date and time at start: %s</ul>\n",\
 6812: 	  optionfilehtm,version,fullversion,title,datafile,firstpass,lastpass,stepm, weightopt, model,\
 6813: 	  optionfilefiname,optionfilext,optionfilefiname,optionfilext,\
 6814: 	  fileres,fileres,\
 6815: 	  filelog,filelog,optionfilegnuplot,optionfilegnuplot,strstart);
 6816:   fflush(fichtm);
 6817: 
 6818:   strcpy(pathr,path);
 6819:   strcat(pathr,optionfilefiname);
 6820: #ifdef WIN32
 6821:   _chdir(optionfilefiname); /* Move to directory named optionfile */
 6822: #else
 6823:   chdir(optionfilefiname); /* Move to directory named optionfile */
 6824: #endif
 6825: 	  
 6826:   
 6827:   /* Calculates basic frequencies. Computes observed prevalence at single age
 6828:      and prints on file fileres'p'. */
 6829:   freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,strstart);
 6830: 
 6831:   fprintf(fichtm,"\n");
 6832:   fprintf(fichtm,"<br>Total number of observations=%d <br>\n\
 6833: Youngest age at first (selected) pass %.2f, oldest age %.2f<br>\n\
 6834: Interval (in months) between two waves: Min=%d Max=%d Mean=%.2lf<br>\n",\
 6835: 	  imx,agemin,agemax,jmin,jmax,jmean);
 6836:   pmmij= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
 6837:     oldms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
 6838:     newms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
 6839:     savms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
 6840:     oldm=oldms; newm=newms; savm=savms; /* Keeps fixed addresses to free */
 6841:     
 6842:    
 6843:   /* For Powell, parameters are in a vector p[] starting at p[1]
 6844:      so we point p on param[1][1] so that p[1] maps on param[1][1][1] */
 6845:   p=param[1][1]; /* *(*(*(param +1)+1)+0) */
 6846: 
 6847:   globpr=0; /* To get the number ipmx of contributions and the sum of weights*/
 6848:   /* For mortality only */
 6849:   if (mle==-3){
 6850:     ximort=matrix(1,NDIM,1,NDIM); 
 6851:     /*     ximort=gsl_matrix_alloc(1,NDIM,1,NDIM); */
 6852:     cens=ivector(1,n);
 6853:     ageexmed=vector(1,n);
 6854:     agecens=vector(1,n);
 6855:     dcwave=ivector(1,n);
 6856:  
 6857:     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){
 6858:       dcwave[i]=-1;
 6859:       for (m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++)
 6860: 	if (s[m][i]>nlstate) {
 6861: 	  dcwave[i]=m;
 6862: 	  /*	printf("i=%d j=%d s=%d dcwave=%d\n",i,j, s[j][i],dcwave[i]);*/
 6863: 	  break;
 6864: 	}
 6865:     }
 6866: 
 6867:     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
 6868:       if (wav[i]>0){
 6869: 	ageexmed[i]=agev[mw[1][i]][i];
 6870: 	j=wav[i];
 6871: 	agecens[i]=1.; 
 6872: 
 6873: 	if (ageexmed[i]> 1 && wav[i] > 0){
 6874: 	  agecens[i]=agev[mw[j][i]][i];
 6875: 	  cens[i]= 1;
 6876: 	}else if (ageexmed[i]< 1) 
 6877: 	  cens[i]= -1;
 6878: 	if (agedc[i]< AGESUP && agedc[i]>1 && dcwave[i]>firstpass && dcwave[i]<=lastpass)
 6879: 	  cens[i]=0 ;
 6880:       }
 6881:       else cens[i]=-1;
 6882:     }
 6883:     
 6884:     for (i=1;i<=NDIM;i++) {
 6885:       for (j=1;j<=NDIM;j++)
 6886: 	ximort[i][j]=(i == j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 6887:     }
 6888:     
 6889:     /*p[1]=0.0268; p[NDIM]=0.083;*/
 6890:     /*printf("%lf %lf", p[1], p[2]);*/
 6891:     
 6892:     
 6893: #ifdef GSL
 6894:     printf("GSL optimization\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
 6895: #else
 6896:     printf("Powell\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
 6897: #endif
 6898:     strcpy(filerespow,"pow-mort"); 
 6899:     strcat(filerespow,fileres);
 6900:     if((ficrespow=fopen(filerespow,"w"))==NULL) {
 6901:       printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
 6902:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", filerespow);
 6903:     }
 6904: #ifdef GSL
 6905:     fprintf(ficrespow,"# GSL optimization\n# iter -2*LL");
 6906: #else
 6907:     fprintf(ficrespow,"# Powell\n# iter -2*LL");
 6908: #endif
 6909:     /*  for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
 6910: 	for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
 6911: 	if(j!=i)fprintf(ficrespow," p%1d%1d",i,j);
 6912:     */
 6913:     fprintf(ficrespow,"\n");
 6914: #ifdef GSL
 6915:     /* gsl starts here */ 
 6916:     T = gsl_multimin_fminimizer_nmsimplex;
 6917:     gsl_multimin_fminimizer *sfm = NULL;
 6918:     gsl_vector *ss, *x;
 6919:     gsl_multimin_function minex_func;
 6920: 
 6921:     /* Initial vertex size vector */
 6922:     ss = gsl_vector_alloc (NDIM);
 6923:     
 6924:     if (ss == NULL){
 6925:       GSL_ERROR_VAL ("failed to allocate space for ss", GSL_ENOMEM, 0);
 6926:     }
 6927:     /* Set all step sizes to 1 */
 6928:     gsl_vector_set_all (ss, 0.001);
 6929: 
 6930:     /* Starting point */
 6931:     
 6932:     x = gsl_vector_alloc (NDIM);
 6933:     
 6934:     if (x == NULL){
 6935:       gsl_vector_free(ss);
 6936:       GSL_ERROR_VAL ("failed to allocate space for x", GSL_ENOMEM, 0);
 6937:     }
 6938:   
 6939:     /* Initialize method and iterate */
 6940:     /*     p[1]=0.0268; p[NDIM]=0.083; */
 6941:     /*     gsl_vector_set(x, 0, 0.0268); */
 6942:     /*     gsl_vector_set(x, 1, 0.083); */
 6943:     gsl_vector_set(x, 0, p[1]);
 6944:     gsl_vector_set(x, 1, p[2]);
 6945: 
 6946:     minex_func.f = &gompertz_f;
 6947:     minex_func.n = NDIM;
 6948:     minex_func.params = (void *)&p; /* ??? */
 6949:     
 6950:     sfm = gsl_multimin_fminimizer_alloc (T, NDIM);
 6951:     gsl_multimin_fminimizer_set (sfm, &minex_func, x, ss);
 6952:     
 6953:     printf("Iterations beginning .....\n\n");
 6954:     printf("Iter. #    Intercept       Slope     -Log Likelihood     Simplex size\n");
 6955: 
 6956:     iteri=0;
 6957:     while (rval == GSL_CONTINUE){
 6958:       iteri++;
 6959:       status = gsl_multimin_fminimizer_iterate(sfm);
 6960:       
 6961:       if (status) printf("error: %s\n", gsl_strerror (status));
 6962:       fflush(0);
 6963:       
 6964:       if (status) 
 6965:         break;
 6966:       
 6967:       rval = gsl_multimin_test_size (gsl_multimin_fminimizer_size (sfm), 1e-6);
 6968:       ssval = gsl_multimin_fminimizer_size (sfm);
 6969:       
 6970:       if (rval == GSL_SUCCESS)
 6971:         printf ("converged to a local maximum at\n");
 6972:       
 6973:       printf("%5d ", iteri);
 6974:       for (it = 0; it < NDIM; it++){
 6975: 	printf ("%10.5f ", gsl_vector_get (sfm->x, it));
 6976:       }
 6977:       printf("f() = %-10.5f ssize = %.7f\n", sfm->fval, ssval);
 6978:     }
 6979:     
 6980:     printf("\n\n Please note: Program should be run many times with varying starting points to detemine global maximum\n\n");
 6981:     
 6982:     gsl_vector_free(x); /* initial values */
 6983:     gsl_vector_free(ss); /* inital step size */
 6984:     for (it=0; it<NDIM; it++){
 6985:       p[it+1]=gsl_vector_get(sfm->x,it);
 6986:       fprintf(ficrespow," %.12lf", p[it]);
 6987:     }
 6988:     gsl_multimin_fminimizer_free (sfm); /* p *(sfm.x.data) et p *(sfm.x.data+1)  */
 6989: #endif
 6990: #ifdef POWELL
 6991:      powell(p,ximort,NDIM,ftol,&iter,&fret,gompertz);
 6992: #endif  
 6993:     fclose(ficrespow);
 6994:     
 6995:     hesscov(matcov, p, NDIM, delti, 1e-4, gompertz); 
 6996: 
 6997:     for(i=1; i <=NDIM; i++)
 6998:       for(j=i+1;j<=NDIM;j++)
 6999: 	matcov[i][j]=matcov[j][i];
 7000:     
 7001:     printf("\nCovariance matrix\n ");
 7002:     for(i=1; i <=NDIM; i++) {
 7003:       for(j=1;j<=NDIM;j++){ 
 7004: 	printf("%f ",matcov[i][j]);
 7005:       }
 7006:       printf("\n ");
 7007:     }
 7008:     
 7009:     printf("iter=%d MLE=%f Eq=%lf*exp(%lf*(age-%d))\n",iter,-gompertz(p),p[1],p[2],agegomp);
 7010:     for (i=1;i<=NDIM;i++) 
 7011:       printf("%f [%f ; %f]\n",p[i],p[i]-2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]),p[i]+2*sqrt(matcov[i][i]));
 7012: 
 7013:     lsurv=vector(1,AGESUP);
 7014:     lpop=vector(1,AGESUP);
 7015:     tpop=vector(1,AGESUP);
 7016:     lsurv[agegomp]=100000;
 7017:     
 7018:     for (k=agegomp;k<=AGESUP;k++) {
 7019:       agemortsup=k;
 7020:       if (p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp))>1) break;
 7021:     }
 7022:     
 7023:     for (k=agegomp;k<agemortsup;k++)
 7024:       lsurv[k+1]=lsurv[k]-lsurv[k]*(p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)));
 7025:     
 7026:     for (k=agegomp;k<agemortsup;k++){
 7027:       lpop[k]=(lsurv[k]+lsurv[k+1])/2.;
 7028:       sumlpop=sumlpop+lpop[k];
 7029:     }
 7030:     
 7031:     tpop[agegomp]=sumlpop;
 7032:     for (k=agegomp;k<(agemortsup-3);k++){
 7033:       /*  tpop[k+1]=2;*/
 7034:       tpop[k+1]=tpop[k]-lpop[k];
 7035:     }
 7036:     
 7037:     
 7038:     printf("\nAge   lx     qx    dx    Lx     Tx     e(x)\n");
 7039:     for (k=agegomp;k<(agemortsup-2);k++) 
 7040:       printf("%d %.0lf %lf %.0lf %.0lf %.0lf %lf\n",k,lsurv[k],p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)),(p[1]*exp(p[2]*(k-agegomp)))*lsurv[k],lpop[k],tpop[k],tpop[k]/lsurv[k]);
 7041:     
 7042:     
 7043:     replace_back_to_slash(pathc,pathcd); /* Even gnuplot wants a / */
 7044:     printinggnuplotmort(fileres, optionfilefiname,ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, pathc,p);
 7045:     
 7046:     printinghtmlmort(fileres,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, \
 7047: 		     stepm, weightopt,\
 7048: 		     model,imx,p,matcov,agemortsup);
 7049:     
 7050:     free_vector(lsurv,1,AGESUP);
 7051:     free_vector(lpop,1,AGESUP);
 7052:     free_vector(tpop,1,AGESUP);
 7053: #ifdef GSL
 7054:     free_ivector(cens,1,n);
 7055:     free_vector(agecens,1,n);
 7056:     free_ivector(dcwave,1,n);
 7057:     free_matrix(ximort,1,NDIM,1,NDIM);
 7058: #endif
 7059:   } /* Endof if mle==-3 mortality only */
 7060:   /* Standard maximisation */
 7061:   else{ /* For mle >=1 */
 7062:     globpr=0;/* debug */
 7063:     /* Computes likelihood for initial parameters */
 7064:     likelione(ficres, p, npar, nlstate, &globpr, &ipmx, &sw, &fretone, funcone); /* Prints the contributions to the likelihood */
 7065:     printf("First Likeli=%12.6f ipmx=%ld sw=%12.6f",fretone,ipmx,sw);
 7066:     for (k=1; k<=npar;k++)
 7067:       printf(" %d %8.5f",k,p[k]);
 7068:     printf("\n");
 7069:     globpr=1; /* again, to print the contributions */
 7070:     likelione(ficres, p, npar, nlstate, &globpr, &ipmx, &sw, &fretone, funcone); /* Prints the contributions to the likelihood */
 7071:     printf("Second Likeli=%12.6f ipmx=%ld sw=%12.6f",fretone,ipmx,sw);
 7072:     for (k=1; k<=npar;k++)
 7073:       printf(" %d %8.5f",k,p[k]);
 7074:     printf("\n");
 7075:     if(mle>=1){ /* Could be 1 or 2, Real Maximisation */
 7076:       mlikeli(ficres,p, npar, ncovmodel, nlstate, ftol, func);
 7077:     }
 7078:     
 7079:     /*--------- results files --------------*/
 7080:     fprintf(ficres,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle= 0 weight=%d\nmodel=1+age+%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate, ndeath, maxwav, weightopt,model);
 7081:     
 7082:     
 7083:     fprintf(ficres,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
 7084:     printf("# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
 7085:     fprintf(ficlog,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
 7086:     for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
 7087:       for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
 7088: 	if (k != i) {
 7089: 	  printf("%d%d ",i,k);
 7090: 	  fprintf(ficlog,"%d%d ",i,k);
 7091: 	  fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d ",i,k);
 7092: 	  for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
 7093: 	    printf("%lf ",p[jk]);
 7094: 	    fprintf(ficlog,"%lf ",p[jk]);
 7095: 	    fprintf(ficres,"%lf ",p[jk]);
 7096: 	    jk++; 
 7097: 	  }
 7098: 	  printf("\n");
 7099: 	  fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 7100: 	  fprintf(ficres,"\n");
 7101: 	}
 7102:       }
 7103:     }
 7104:     if(mle!=0){
 7105:       /* Computing hessian and covariance matrix */
 7106:       ftolhess=ftol; /* Usually correct */
 7107:       hesscov(matcov, p, npar, delti, ftolhess, func);
 7108:     }
 7109:     fprintf(ficres,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
 7110:     printf("# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
 7111:     fprintf(ficlog,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
 7112:     for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
 7113:       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
 7114: 	if (j!=i) {
 7115: 	  fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d",i,j);
 7116: 	  printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
 7117: 	  fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i,j);
 7118: 	  for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
 7119: 	    printf(" %.5e",delti[jk]);
 7120: 	    fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",delti[jk]);
 7121: 	    fprintf(ficres," %.5e",delti[jk]);
 7122: 	    jk++;
 7123: 	  }
 7124: 	  printf("\n");
 7125: 	  fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 7126: 	  fprintf(ficres,"\n");
 7127: 	}
 7128:       }
 7129:     }
 7130:     
 7131:     fprintf(ficres,"# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
 7132:     if(mle>=1)
 7133:       printf("# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
 7134:     fprintf(ficlog,"# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
 7135:     /* # 121 Var(a12)\n\ */
 7136:     /* # 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n\ */
 7137:     /* # 131 Cov(a13,a12) Cov(a13,b12, Var(a13)\n\ */
 7138:     /* # 132 Cov(b13,a12) Cov(b13,b12, Cov(b13,a13) Var(b13)\n\ */
 7139:     /* # 212 Cov(a21,a12) Cov(a21,b12, Cov(a21,a13) Cov(a21,b13) Var(a21)\n\ */
 7140:     /* # 212 Cov(b21,a12) Cov(b21,b12, Cov(b21,a13) Cov(b21,b13) Cov(b21,a21) Var(b21)\n\ */
 7141:     /* # 232 Cov(a23,a12) Cov(a23,b12, Cov(a23,a13) Cov(a23,b13) Cov(a23,a21) Cov(a23,b21) Var(a23)\n\ */
 7142:     /* # 232 Cov(b23,a12) Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n" */
 7143:     
 7144:     
 7145:     /* Just to have a covariance matrix which will be more understandable
 7146:        even is we still don't want to manage dictionary of variables
 7147:     */
 7148:     for(itimes=1;itimes<=2;itimes++){
 7149:       jj=0;
 7150:       for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
 7151: 	for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
 7152: 	  if(j==i) continue;
 7153: 	  for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
 7154: 	    jj++;
 7155: 	    ca[0]= k+'a'-1;ca[1]='\0';
 7156: 	    if(itimes==1){
 7157: 	      if(mle>=1)
 7158: 		printf("#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
 7159: 	      fprintf(ficlog,"#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
 7160: 	      fprintf(ficres,"#%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
 7161: 	    }else{
 7162: 	      if(mle>=1)
 7163: 		printf("%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
 7164: 	      fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
 7165: 	      fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d%d",i,j,k);
 7166: 	    }
 7167: 	    ll=0;
 7168: 	    for(li=1;li <=nlstate; li++){
 7169: 	      for(lj=1;lj <=nlstate+ndeath; lj++){
 7170: 		if(lj==li) continue;
 7171: 		for(lk=1;lk<=ncovmodel;lk++){
 7172: 		  ll++;
 7173: 		  if(ll<=jj){
 7174: 		    cb[0]= lk +'a'-1;cb[1]='\0';
 7175: 		    if(ll<jj){
 7176: 		      if(itimes==1){
 7177: 			if(mle>=1)
 7178: 			  printf(" Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
 7179: 			fprintf(ficlog," Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
 7180: 			fprintf(ficres," Cov(%s%1d%1d,%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j,cb, li,lj);
 7181: 		      }else{
 7182: 			if(mle>=1)
 7183: 			  printf(" %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]); 
 7184: 			fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]); 
 7185: 			fprintf(ficres," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]); 
 7186: 		      }
 7187: 		    }else{
 7188: 		      if(itimes==1){
 7189: 			if(mle>=1)
 7190: 			  printf(" Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
 7191: 			fprintf(ficlog," Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
 7192: 			fprintf(ficres," Var(%s%1d%1d)",ca,i,j);
 7193: 		      }else{
 7194: 			if(mle>=1)
 7195: 			  printf(" %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]); 
 7196: 			fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]); 
 7197: 			fprintf(ficres," %.5e",matcov[jj][ll]); 
 7198: 		      }
 7199: 		    }
 7200: 		  }
 7201: 		} /* end lk */
 7202: 	      } /* end lj */
 7203: 	    } /* end li */
 7204: 	    if(mle>=1)
 7205: 	      printf("\n");
 7206: 	    fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 7207: 	    fprintf(ficres,"\n");
 7208: 	    numlinepar++;
 7209: 	  } /* end k*/
 7210: 	} /*end j */
 7211:       } /* end i */
 7212:     } /* end itimes */
 7213:     
 7214:     fflush(ficlog);
 7215:     fflush(ficres);
 7216:     
 7217:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
 7218:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
 7219:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
 7220:       fputs(line,stdout);
 7221:       fputs(line,ficparo);
 7222:     }
 7223:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
 7224:     
 7225:     estepm=0;
 7226:     fscanf(ficpar,"agemin=%lf agemax=%lf bage=%lf fage=%lf estepm=%d\n",&ageminpar,&agemaxpar, &bage, &fage, &estepm);
 7227:     if (estepm==0 || estepm < stepm) estepm=stepm;
 7228:     if (fage <= 2) {
 7229:       bage = ageminpar;
 7230:       fage = agemaxpar;
 7231:     }
 7232:     
 7233:     fprintf(ficres,"# agemin agemax for life expectancy, bage fage (if mle==0 ie no data nor Max likelihood).\n");
 7234:     fprintf(ficres,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);
 7235:     fprintf(ficparo,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);
 7236: 
 7237:     /* Other stuffs, more or less useful */    
 7238:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
 7239:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
 7240:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
 7241:       fputs(line,stdout);
 7242:       fputs(line,ficparo);
 7243:     }
 7244:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
 7245:     
 7246:     fscanf(ficpar,"begin-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf end-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mov_average=%d\n",&jprev1, &mprev1,&anprev1,&jprev2, &mprev2,&anprev2,&mobilav);
 7247:     fprintf(ficparo,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
 7248:     fprintf(ficres,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
 7249:     printf("begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
 7250:     fprintf(ficlog,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
 7251:     
 7252:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
 7253:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
 7254:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
 7255:       fputs(line,stdout);
 7256:       fputs(line,ficparo);
 7257:     }
 7258:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
 7259:     
 7260:     
 7261:     dateprev1=anprev1+(mprev1-1)/12.+(jprev1-1)/365.;
 7262:     dateprev2=anprev2+(mprev2-1)/12.+(jprev2-1)/365.;
 7263:     
 7264:     fscanf(ficpar,"pop_based=%d\n",&popbased);
 7265:     fprintf(ficparo,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);   
 7266:     fprintf(ficres,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);   
 7267:     
 7268:     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
 7269:       ungetc(c,ficpar);
 7270:       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
 7271:       fputs(line,stdout);
 7272:       fputs(line,ficparo);
 7273:     }
 7274:     ungetc(c,ficpar);
 7275:     
 7276:     fscanf(ficpar,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf final-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mobil_average=%d\n",&prevfcast,&jproj1,&mproj1,&anproj1,&jproj2,&mproj2,&anproj2,&mobilavproj);
 7277:     fprintf(ficparo,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
 7278:     printf("prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
 7279:     fprintf(ficlog,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
 7280:     fprintf(ficres,"prevforecast=%d starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mobil_average=%d\n",prevfcast,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilavproj);
 7281:     /* day and month of proj2 are not used but only year anproj2.*/
 7282:     
 7283:     
 7284:     
 7285:      /* freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint); */
 7286:     /* ,dateprev1,dateprev2,jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2); */
 7287:     
 7288:     replace_back_to_slash(pathc,pathcd); /* Even gnuplot wants a / */
 7289:     printinggnuplot(fileres, optionfilefiname,ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, pathc,p);
 7290:     
 7291:     printinghtml(fileres,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, stepm, weightopt,\
 7292: 		 model,imx,jmin,jmax,jmean,rfileres,popforecast,estepm,\
 7293: 		 jprev1,mprev1,anprev1,jprev2,mprev2,anprev2);
 7294:       
 7295:    /*------------ free_vector  -------------*/
 7296:    /*  chdir(path); */
 7297:  
 7298:     free_ivector(wav,1,imx);
 7299:     free_imatrix(dh,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
 7300:     free_imatrix(bh,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
 7301:     free_imatrix(mw,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);   
 7302:     free_lvector(num,1,n);
 7303:     free_vector(agedc,1,n);
 7304:     /*free_matrix(covar,0,NCOVMAX,1,n);*/
 7305:     /*free_matrix(covar,1,NCOVMAX,1,n);*/
 7306:     fclose(ficparo);
 7307:     fclose(ficres);
 7308: 
 7309: 
 7310:     /* Other results (useful)*/
 7311: 
 7312: 
 7313:     /*--------------- Prevalence limit  (period or stable prevalence) --------------*/
 7314:     /*#include "prevlim.h"*/  /* Use ficrespl, ficlog */
 7315:     prlim=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
 7316:     prevalence_limit(p, prlim,  ageminpar, agemaxpar);
 7317:     fclose(ficrespl);
 7318: 
 7319: #ifdef FREEEXIT2
 7320: #include "freeexit2.h"
 7321: #endif
 7322: 
 7323:     /*------------- h Pij x at various ages ------------*/
 7324:     /*#include "hpijx.h"*/
 7325:     hPijx(p, bage, fage);
 7326:     fclose(ficrespij);
 7327: 
 7328:   /*-------------- Variance of one-step probabilities---*/
 7329:     k=1;
 7330:     varprob(optionfilefiname, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, bage, fage,k,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax,strstart);
 7331: 
 7332: 
 7333:     probs= ma3x(1,AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 7334:     for(i=1;i<=AGESUP;i++)
 7335:       for(j=1;j<=NCOVMAX;j++)
 7336: 	for(k=1;k<=NCOVMAX;k++)
 7337: 	  probs[i][j][k]=0.;
 7338: 
 7339:     /*---------- Forecasting ------------------*/
 7340:     /*if((stepm == 1) && (strcmp(model,".")==0)){*/
 7341:     if(prevfcast==1){
 7342:       /*    if(stepm ==1){*/
 7343:       prevforecast(fileres, anproj1, mproj1, jproj1, agemin, agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2, mobilavproj, bage, fage, firstpass, lastpass, anproj2, p, cptcoveff);
 7344:       /* (popforecast==1) populforecast(fileres, anpyram,mpyram,jpyram, agemin,agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2,mobilav, agedeb, fage, popforecast, popfile, anpyram1,p, i1);*/
 7345:       /*      }  */
 7346:       /*      else{ */
 7347:       /*        erreur=108; */
 7348:       /*        printf("Warning %d!! You can only forecast the prevalences if the optimization\n  has been performed with stepm = 1 (month) instead of %d or model=. instead of '%s'\n", erreur, stepm, model); */
 7349:       /*        fprintf(ficlog,"Warning %d!! You can only forecast the prevalences if the optimization\n  has been performed with stepm = 1 (month) instead of %d or model=. instead of '%s'\n", erreur, stepm, model); */
 7350:       /*      } */
 7351:     }
 7352:  
 7353:     /* ------ Other prevalence ratios------------ */
 7354: 
 7355:     /* Computes prevalence between agemin (i.e minimal age computed) and no more ageminpar */
 7356: 
 7357:     prevalence(probs, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx, Tvar, nbcode, ncodemax, mint, anint, dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
 7358:     /*  printf("ageminpar=%f, agemax=%f, s[lastpass][imx]=%d, agev[lastpass][imx]=%f, nlstate=%d, imx=%d,  mint[lastpass][imx]=%f, anint[lastpass][imx]=%f,dateprev1=%f, dateprev2=%f, firstpass=%d, lastpass=%d\n",\
 7359: 	ageminpar, agemax, s[lastpass][imx], agev[lastpass][imx], nlstate, imx, mint[lastpass][imx],anint[lastpass][imx], dateprev1, dateprev2, firstpass, lastpass);
 7360:     */
 7361: 
 7362:     if (mobilav!=0) {
 7363:       mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 7364:       if (movingaverage(probs, bage, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
 7365: 	fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
 7366: 	printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
 7367:       }
 7368:     }
 7369: 
 7370: 
 7371:     /*---------- Health expectancies, no variances ------------*/
 7372: 
 7373:     strcpy(filerese,"e");
 7374:     strcat(filerese,fileres);
 7375:     if((ficreseij=fopen(filerese,"w"))==NULL) {
 7376:       printf("Problem with Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerese); exit(0);
 7377:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerese); exit(0);
 7378:     }
 7379:     printf("Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerese);
 7380:     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerese);
 7381:     /*for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
 7382:       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){*/
 7383:           
 7384:     for (k=1; k <= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff); k++){
 7385: 	fprintf(ficreseij,"\n#****** ");
 7386: 	for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
 7387: 	  fprintf(ficreseij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 7388: 	}
 7389: 	fprintf(ficreseij,"******\n");
 7390: 
 7391: 	eij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
 7392: 	oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
 7393: 	evsij(eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, strstart);  
 7394:       
 7395: 	free_ma3x(eij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
 7396:       /*}*/
 7397:     }
 7398:     fclose(ficreseij);
 7399: 
 7400: 
 7401:     /*---------- Health expectancies and variances ------------*/
 7402: 
 7403: 
 7404:     strcpy(filerest,"t");
 7405:     strcat(filerest,fileres);
 7406:     if((ficrest=fopen(filerest,"w"))==NULL) {
 7407:       printf("Problem with total LE resultfile: %s\n", filerest);goto end;
 7408:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with total LE resultfile: %s\n", filerest);goto end;
 7409:     }
 7410:     printf("Computing Total Life expectancies with their standard errors: file '%s' \n", filerest); 
 7411:     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Total Life expectancies with their standard errors: file '%s' \n", filerest); 
 7412: 
 7413: 
 7414:     strcpy(fileresstde,"stde");
 7415:     strcat(fileresstde,fileres);
 7416:     if((ficresstdeij=fopen(fileresstde,"w"))==NULL) {
 7417:       printf("Problem with Health Exp. and std errors resultfile: %s\n", fileresstde); exit(0);
 7418:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Health Exp. and std errors resultfile: %s\n", fileresstde); exit(0);
 7419:     }
 7420:     printf("Computing Health Expectancies and standard errors: result on file '%s' \n", fileresstde);
 7421:     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Health Expectancies and standard errors: result on file '%s' \n", fileresstde);
 7422: 
 7423:     strcpy(filerescve,"cve");
 7424:     strcat(filerescve,fileres);
 7425:     if((ficrescveij=fopen(filerescve,"w"))==NULL) {
 7426:       printf("Problem with Covar. Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerescve); exit(0);
 7427:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Covar. Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerescve); exit(0);
 7428:     }
 7429:     printf("Computing Covar. of Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerescve);
 7430:     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Covar. of Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerescve);
 7431: 
 7432:     strcpy(fileresv,"v");
 7433:     strcat(fileresv,fileres);
 7434:     if((ficresvij=fopen(fileresv,"w"))==NULL) {
 7435:       printf("Problem with variance resultfile: %s\n", fileresv);exit(0);
 7436:       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with variance resultfile: %s\n", fileresv);exit(0);
 7437:     }
 7438:     printf("Computing Variance-covariance of DFLEs: file '%s' \n", fileresv);
 7439:     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Variance-covariance of DFLEs: file '%s' \n", fileresv);
 7440: 
 7441:     /*for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
 7442:       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){*/
 7443:           
 7444:     for (k=1; k <= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff); k++){
 7445:     	fprintf(ficrest,"\n#****** ");
 7446: 	for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
 7447: 	  fprintf(ficrest,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 7448: 	fprintf(ficrest,"******\n");
 7449: 
 7450: 	fprintf(ficresstdeij,"\n#****** ");
 7451: 	fprintf(ficrescveij,"\n#****** ");
 7452: 	for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
 7453: 	  fprintf(ficresstdeij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 7454: 	  fprintf(ficrescveij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 7455: 	}
 7456: 	fprintf(ficresstdeij,"******\n");
 7457: 	fprintf(ficrescveij,"******\n");
 7458: 
 7459: 	fprintf(ficresvij,"\n#****** ");
 7460: 	for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
 7461: 	  fprintf(ficresvij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 7462: 	fprintf(ficresvij,"******\n");
 7463: 
 7464: 	eij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
 7465: 	oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
 7466: 	cvevsij(eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, delti, matcov, strstart);  
 7467: 	/*
 7468: 	 */
 7469: 	/* goto endfree; */
 7470:  
 7471: 	vareij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
 7472: 	pstamp(ficrest);
 7473: 
 7474: 
 7475: 	for(vpopbased=0; vpopbased <= popbased; vpopbased++){ /* Done for vpopbased=0 and vpopbased=1 if popbased==1*/
 7476: 	  oldm=oldms;savm=savms; /* Segmentation fault */
 7477: 	  cptcod= 0; /* To be deleted */
 7478: 	  varevsij(optionfilefiname, vareij, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k, estepm, cptcov,cptcod,vpopbased,mobilav, strstart); /* cptcod not initialized Intel */
 7479: 	  fprintf(ficrest,"# Total life expectancy with std error and decomposition into time to be expected in each health state\n#  (weighted average of eij where weights are ");
 7480: 	  if(vpopbased==1)
 7481: 	    fprintf(ficrest,"the age specific prevalence observed (cross-sectionally) in the population i.e cross-sectionally\n in each health state (popbased=1) (mobilav=%d)\n",mobilav);
 7482: 	  else
 7483: 	    fprintf(ficrest,"the age specific period (stable) prevalences in each health state \n");
 7484: 	  fprintf(ficrest,"# Age e.. (std) ");
 7485: 	  for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrest,"e.%d (std) ",i);
 7486: 	  fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
 7487: 
 7488: 	  epj=vector(1,nlstate+1);
 7489: 	  for(age=bage; age <=fage ;age++){
 7490: 	    prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm,ftolpl,k);
 7491: 	    if (vpopbased==1) {
 7492: 	      if(mobilav ==0){
 7493: 		for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 7494: 		  prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][k];
 7495: 	      }else{ /* mobilav */ 
 7496: 		for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 7497: 		  prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][k];
 7498: 	      }
 7499: 	    }
 7500: 	
 7501: 	    fprintf(ficrest," %4.0f",age);
 7502: 	    for(j=1, epj[nlstate+1]=0.;j <=nlstate;j++){
 7503: 	      for(i=1, epj[j]=0.;i <=nlstate;i++) {
 7504: 		epj[j] += prlim[i][i]*eij[i][j][(int)age];
 7505: 		/*  printf("%lf %lf ", prlim[i][i] ,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
 7506: 	      }
 7507: 	      epj[nlstate+1] +=epj[j];
 7508: 	    }
 7509: 
 7510: 	    for(i=1, vepp=0.;i <=nlstate;i++)
 7511: 	      for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++)
 7512: 		vepp += vareij[i][j][(int)age];
 7513: 	    fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[nlstate+1],sqrt(vepp));
 7514: 	    for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++){
 7515: 	      fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[j],sqrt(vareij[j][j][(int)age]));
 7516: 	    }
 7517: 	    fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
 7518: 	  }
 7519: 	}
 7520: 	free_ma3x(eij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
 7521: 	free_ma3x(vareij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
 7522: 	free_vector(epj,1,nlstate+1);
 7523:       /*}*/
 7524:     }
 7525:     free_vector(weight,1,n);
 7526:     free_imatrix(Tvard,1,NCOVMAX,1,2);
 7527:     free_imatrix(s,1,maxwav+1,1,n);
 7528:     free_matrix(anint,1,maxwav,1,n); 
 7529:     free_matrix(mint,1,maxwav,1,n);
 7530:     free_ivector(cod,1,n);
 7531:     free_ivector(tab,1,NCOVMAX);
 7532:     fclose(ficresstdeij);
 7533:     fclose(ficrescveij);
 7534:     fclose(ficresvij);
 7535:     fclose(ficrest);
 7536:     fclose(ficpar);
 7537:   
 7538:     /*------- Variance of period (stable) prevalence------*/   
 7539: 
 7540:     strcpy(fileresvpl,"vpl");
 7541:     strcat(fileresvpl,fileres);
 7542:     if((ficresvpl=fopen(fileresvpl,"w"))==NULL) {
 7543:       printf("Problem with variance of period (stable) prevalence  resultfile: %s\n", fileresvpl);
 7544:       exit(0);
 7545:     }
 7546:     printf("Computing Variance-covariance of period (stable) prevalence: file '%s' \n", fileresvpl);
 7547: 
 7548:     /*for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
 7549:       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){*/
 7550:           
 7551:     for (k=1; k <= (int) pow(2,cptcoveff); k++){
 7552:     	fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n#****** ");
 7553: 	for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
 7554: 	  fprintf(ficresvpl,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
 7555: 	fprintf(ficresvpl,"******\n");
 7556:       
 7557: 	varpl=matrix(1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
 7558: 	oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
 7559: 	varprevlim(fileres, varpl, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k,strstart);
 7560: 	free_matrix(varpl,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
 7561:       /*}*/
 7562:     }
 7563: 
 7564:     fclose(ficresvpl);
 7565: 
 7566:     /*---------- End : free ----------------*/
 7567:     if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 7568:     free_ma3x(probs,1,AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 7569:   }  /* mle==-3 arrives here for freeing */
 7570:  /* endfree:*/
 7571:     free_matrix(prlim,1,nlstate,1,nlstate); /*here or after loop ? */
 7572:     free_matrix(pmmij,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
 7573:     free_matrix(oldms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
 7574:     free_matrix(newms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
 7575:     free_matrix(savms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
 7576:     free_matrix(covar,0,NCOVMAX,1,n);
 7577:     free_matrix(matcov,1,npar,1,npar);
 7578:     /*free_vector(delti,1,npar);*/
 7579:     free_ma3x(delti3,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel); 
 7580:     free_matrix(agev,1,maxwav,1,imx);
 7581:     free_ma3x(param,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
 7582: 
 7583:     free_ivector(ncodemax,1,NCOVMAX);
 7584:     free_ivector(Tvar,1,NCOVMAX);
 7585:     free_ivector(Tprod,1,NCOVMAX);
 7586:     free_ivector(Tvaraff,1,NCOVMAX);
 7587:     free_ivector(Tage,1,NCOVMAX);
 7588: 
 7589:     free_imatrix(nbcode,0,NCOVMAX,0,NCOVMAX);
 7590:     free_imatrix(codtab,1,100,1,10);
 7591:   fflush(fichtm);
 7592:   fflush(ficgp);
 7593:   
 7594: 
 7595:   if((nberr >0) || (nbwarn>0)){
 7596:     printf("End of Imach with %d errors and/or %d warnings\n",nberr,nbwarn);
 7597:     fprintf(ficlog,"End of Imach with %d errors and/or warnings %d\n",nberr,nbwarn);
 7598:   }else{
 7599:     printf("End of Imach\n");
 7600:     fprintf(ficlog,"End of Imach\n");
 7601:   }
 7602:   printf("See log file on %s\n",filelog);
 7603:   /*  gettimeofday(&end_time, (struct timezone*)0);*/  /* after time */
 7604:   /*(void) gettimeofday(&end_time,&tzp);*/
 7605:   rend_time = time(NULL);  
 7606:   end_time = *localtime(&rend_time);
 7607:   /* tml = *localtime(&end_time.tm_sec); */
 7608:   strcpy(strtend,asctime(&end_time));
 7609:   printf("Local time at start %s\nLocal time at end   %s",strstart, strtend); 
 7610:   fprintf(ficlog,"Local time at start %s\nLocal time at end   %s\n",strstart, strtend); 
 7611:   printf("Total time used %s\n", asc_diff_time(rend_time -rstart_time,tmpout));
 7612: 
 7613:   printf("Total time was %.0lf Sec.\n", difftime(rend_time,rstart_time));
 7614:   fprintf(ficlog,"Total time used %s\n", asc_diff_time(rend_time -rstart_time,tmpout));
 7615:   fprintf(ficlog,"Total time was %.0lf Sec.\n", difftime(rend_time,rstart_time));
 7616:   /*  printf("Total time was %d uSec.\n", total_usecs);*/
 7617: /*   if(fileappend(fichtm,optionfilehtm)){ */
 7618:   fprintf(fichtm,"<br>Local time at start %s<br>Local time at end   %s<br>\n</body></html>",strstart, strtend);
 7619:   fclose(fichtm);
 7620:   fprintf(fichtmcov,"<br>Local time at start %s<br>Local time at end   %s<br>\n</body></html>",strstart, strtend);
 7621:   fclose(fichtmcov);
 7622:   fclose(ficgp);
 7623:   fclose(ficlog);
 7624:   /*------ End -----------*/
 7625: 
 7626: 
 7627:    printf("Before Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
 7628: #ifdef WIN32
 7629:    if (_chdir(pathcd) != 0)
 7630: 	   printf("Can't move to directory %s!\n",path);
 7631:    if(_getcwd(pathcd,MAXLINE) > 0)
 7632: #else
 7633:    if(chdir(pathcd) != 0)
 7634: 	   printf("Can't move to directory %s!\n", path);
 7635:    if (getcwd(pathcd, MAXLINE) > 0)
 7636: #endif 
 7637:     printf("Current directory %s!\n",pathcd);
 7638:   /*strcat(plotcmd,CHARSEPARATOR);*/
 7639:   sprintf(plotcmd,"gnuplot");
 7640: #ifdef _WIN32
 7641:   sprintf(plotcmd,"\"%sgnuplot.exe\"",pathimach);
 7642: #endif
 7643:   if(!stat(plotcmd,&info)){
 7644:     printf("Error or gnuplot program not found: '%s'\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
 7645:     if(!stat(getenv("GNUPLOTBIN"),&info)){
 7646:       printf("Error or gnuplot program not found: '%s' Environment GNUPLOTBIN not set.\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
 7647:     }else
 7648:       strcpy(pplotcmd,plotcmd);
 7649: #ifdef __unix
 7650:     strcpy(plotcmd,GNUPLOTPROGRAM);
 7651:     if(!stat(plotcmd,&info)){
 7652:       printf("Error gnuplot program not found: '%s'\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
 7653:     }else
 7654:       strcpy(pplotcmd,plotcmd);
 7655: #endif
 7656:   }else
 7657:     strcpy(pplotcmd,plotcmd);
 7658:   
 7659:   sprintf(plotcmd,"%s %s",pplotcmd, optionfilegnuplot);
 7660:   printf("Starting graphs with: '%s'\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
 7661: 
 7662:   if((outcmd=system(plotcmd)) != 0){
 7663:     printf("gnuplot command might not be in your path: '%s', err=%d\n", plotcmd, outcmd);
 7664:     printf("\n Trying if gnuplot resides on the same directory that IMaCh\n");
 7665:     sprintf(plotcmd,"%sgnuplot %s", pathimach, optionfilegnuplot);
 7666:     if((outcmd=system(plotcmd)) != 0)
 7667:       printf("\n Still a problem with gnuplot command %s, err=%d\n", plotcmd, outcmd);
 7668:   }
 7669:   printf(" Successful, please wait...");
 7670:   while (z[0] != 'q') {
 7671:     /* chdir(path); */
 7672:     printf("\nType e to edit results with your browser, g to graph again and q for exit: ");
 7673:     scanf("%s",z);
 7674: /*     if (z[0] == 'c') system("./imach"); */
 7675:     if (z[0] == 'e') {
 7676: #ifdef __APPLE__
 7677:       sprintf(pplotcmd, "open %s", optionfilehtm);
 7678: #elif __linux
 7679:       sprintf(pplotcmd, "xdg-open %s", optionfilehtm);
 7680: #else
 7681:       sprintf(pplotcmd, "%s", optionfilehtm);
 7682: #endif
 7683:       printf("Starting browser with: %s",pplotcmd);fflush(stdout);
 7684:       system(pplotcmd);
 7685:     }
 7686:     else if (z[0] == 'g') system(plotcmd);
 7687:     else if (z[0] == 'q') exit(0);
 7688:   }
 7689:   end:
 7690:   while (z[0] != 'q') {
 7691:     printf("\nType  q for exiting: ");
 7692:     scanf("%s",z);
 7693:   }
 7694: }

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