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 <title>Computing Health Expectancies using IMaCh</title>  <title>Computing Health Expectancies using IMaCh</title>
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 <h1 align="center"><font color="#00006A">Computing Health  <h1 align="center"><font color="#00006A">Computing Health
 Expectancies using IMaCh</font></h1>  Expectancies using IMaCh</font></h1>
 <h1 align="center"><font color="#00006A" size="5">(a Maximum  <h1 align="center"><font color="#00006A" size="5">(a Maximum
 Likelihood Computer Program using Interpolation of Markov Chains)</font></h1>  Likelihood Computer Program using Interpolation of Markov Chains)</font></h1>
   
 <p align="center"><a href="http://www.ined.fr/"><img  <p align="center"><a href="http://www.ined.fr/"><img
 src="doc/logo-ined.gif" border="0" width="151" height="76"></a><img  src="doc/logo-ined.gif" border="0" width="151" height="76"></a><img
 src="doc/euroreves2.gif" width="151" height="75"></p>  src="doc/euroreves2.gif" width="151" height="75"></p>
   
 <h3 align="center"><a href="http://www.ined.fr/"><font  <h3 align="center"><a href="http://www.ined.fr/"><font
 color="#00006A">INED</font></a><font color="#00006A"> and </font><a  color="#00006A">INED</font></a><font color="#00006A"> and </font><a
 href="http://euroreves.ined.fr"><font color="#00006A">EUROREVES</font></a></h3>  href="http://euroreves.ined.fr"><font color="#00006A">EUROREVES</font></a></h3>
   
 <p align="center"><font color="#00006A" size="4"><strong>February 2004</strong></font></p>  <p align="center"><font color="#00006A" size="4"><strong>August 2014</strong></font></p>
   
 <hr size="3" color="#EC5E5E">  <hr size="3" color="#EC5E5E">
   
 <h4 align="center"><font color="#00006A">Authors of the program: </font><a  <h4 align="center"><font color="#00006A">Authors of the program: </font><a
 href="http://sauvy.ined.fr/~brouard"><font color="#00006A">Nicolas  href="http://sauvy.ined.fr/~brouard"><font color="#00006A">Nicolas
 Brouard</font></a><font color="#00006A">, senior researcher at  Brouard</font></a><font color="#00006A">, senior researcher at
 the </font><a href="http://www.ined.fr"><font color="#00006A">Institut  the </font><a href="http://www.ined.fr"><font color="#00006A">Institut
 National d'Etudes Démographiques</font></a><font color="#00006A">  National d'Etudes Démographiques</font></a><font color="#00006A">
 (INED, Paris) in the "Mortality, Health and Epidemiology  (INED, Paris) in the "Mortality, Health and Epidemiology
 Research Unit" </font></h4>  Research Unit" </font></h4>
   
 <h4 align="center"><font color="#00006A">and Agnès Lièvre (PHD student at INED)</font></h4>  <h4 align="center"><font color="#00006A">and Agnès Lièvre (former PHD student at INED)</font></h4>
   
 <h4><font color="#00006A">Contribution to the mathematics: C. R.  <h4><font color="#00006A">Contribution to the mathematics: C. R.
 Heathcote </font><font color="#00006A" size="2">(Australian  Heathcote </font><font color="#00006A" size="2">(Australian
 National University, Canberra).</font></h4>  National University, Canberra).</font></h4>
   
 <h4><font color="#00006A">Contact: Agnès Lièvre (</font><a  <h4><font color="#00006A">Contact: Nicolas Brouard (</font><a
 href="mailto:lievre@ined.fr"><font color="#00006A"><i>lievre@ined.fr</i></font></a><font  href="mailto:brouard@ined.fr"><font color="#00006A"><i>brouard@ined.fr</i></font></a><font
 color="#00006A">) </font></h4>  color="#00006A">) </font></h4>
   
 <p> Main publication concerning the method is   <p> Main publication concerning the method is 
 <a href=http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/app/home/contribution.asp?wasp=1f99bwtvmk5yrb7hlhw3&referrer=parent&backto=issue,1,2;journal,2,5;linkingpublicationresults,1:300265,1  
 >Lièvre A., Brouard N. and Heathcote Ch. (2003) Estimating Health Expectancies   
 from Cross-longitudinal surveys. <em>Mathematical Population Studies</em>.- 10(4), pp. 211-248</a>  
 </p>  
   
 <h2><font color="#EC5E5E"><strong>Installation</strong></font></h2>  
   
 <p>Since the program produces many output files, we suggest to  
 have a separate directory for imach. <br>  
 </p>  
   
 <ul>  
     <li>Uncompress the zip file <font size="2" face="Courier New"><strong>imach.zip</strong></font>  
         into an empty directory, <font face="Courier New">imach, </font>for  
         example<font face="Courier New">.</font></li>  
     <li>Different sub-directories are created:<ul>  
             <li>doc: most of the documentation. The main document  
                 is <a href="doc/imach.htm">doc/imach.htm</a> .</li>  
             <li>bin: <ul>  
                     <li><font face="Courier">imach.exe</font> the  
                         executable for Windows 95/98/NT compiled  
                         with gcc from cygwin.</li>  
                     <li>graph.gp: an output file which is used by  
                         the grapher, gnuplot, described <a  
                         href="#gp37mgw">next</a>: </li>  
                 </ul>  
             </li>  
             <li>data: Here are two data files:<font size="4"  
                 face="Times New Roman"> </font><ul>  
                     <li><font face="Courier New">data1.txt</font>  
                         which is the main data file on which the  
                         program has been run as the example in  
                         the main documentation.</li>  
                     <li><font face="Courier New">mydata.txt </font>a  
                         smaller data file which you can use for  
                         your own trial.</li>  
                 </ul>  
             </li>  
             <li>mytry: A sub-directory to try your self. The  
                 imach program outputs its results as <em>text  
                 files </em>(tables) but also <em>images</em>  
                 (actually in gif format) which are obtained in a  
                 second step by running gnuplot (see below) on a  
                 gnuplot command file named 'graph.gp' but also a  
                 single html file 'index.htm' which can be clicked  
                 to summarize your run.</li>  
             <li>src: This subdirectory contains the source of the  
                 program. It can be obtained by asking us by mail <a  
                 href="mailto:brouard@ined.fr">mailto:brouard@ined.fr</a>  
                 and <a href="mailto:lievre@ined.fr">mailto:lievre@ined.fr</a>  
                 .</li>  
             <li><a name="gp37mgw">gp37mgw</a>: This is the  
                 directory of the gnuplot software. Gnuplot for  
                 Unix or Windows 95/98/NT/2K/XP can be accessed freely  
                 with its reference manual from <a  
                 href="http://www.gnuplot.info/">http://www.gnuplot.info/</a>.  
                 The latest version, recently ported to windows,  
                 has been included in imach.zip.</li>  
         </ul>  
     </li>  
     <li>Click on the imach.exe icon to open a window and run the  
         program.</li>  
     <li>Read the file README.txt or, better, click on <a  
         href="doc/imach.htm">doc/imach.htm</a></li>  
 </ul>  
   
 <p><a href="doc/imach.htm"><font color="#FF0000" size="6">Click  
 here to access to the detailed documentation</font></a></p>  
   
 <p>This software have been partly granted by <a  
 href="http://euroreves.ined.fr">Euro-REVES</a>, a concerted  
 action from the European Union. Our work is copyrighted as  
 a GNU software product, i.e. program and software  
 can be distributed freely for non commercial use, but actually some sources are  
 not widely distributed today because they borrow some code from the book "Numerical Recipes in C" which is copyrighted. If you are an owner of theses sources you can get our source by asking us with  
 a simple justification (name, email, Institute) <a  
 href="mailto:imach-dev@listes.ined.fr">mailto:imach-dev@listes.ined.fr</a> </p>  
   
 <p>Today we are two developpers only but we already use a private CVS server. The CVS server will be freely accessible as soon as we have replaced "Numerical Recipes in C maximization routines" with equivalent routines from the new GNU scientific library.  
   
 <p>Latest documentation can be accessed at <a  
 href="http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach">http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach</a><br>  
 Imach version (0.63 of 16 march 2000) can be downloaded in zip  
 file <a href="http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/imach.zip">http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/imach.zip</a> <br>  
 Imach version 0.64 May 2001 can be downloaded in zip file <a  
 href="http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/imach-0-64.zip">http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/imach-0-64.zip</a>  
 <br>  
 Imach version 0.8 March 2002 can be downloaded in zip file <a  
 href="http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/imach-08.zip">http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/imach-08.zip</a>  
 <br>  
 Imach version 0.8a May 2002 can be downloaded in zip file <a  
 href="http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/imach-08a.zip">  
 http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/imach-08a.zip</a>  
 <br>  
 Imach latest version 0.96d February 2004 can be downloaded in zip file <a  
 href="http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/imach-096d.zip">  
 http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/imach-096d.zip</a>  
   
 </p>  
   
 <p> New (March 2002). We set up a public mailing list of IMaCh's users.  
 You can subscribe  
 by sending a mail to <a href=mailto:imach-users-subscribe@listes.ined.fr>imach-users-subscribe@listes.ined.fr</a> (and unsubscribe with <a href=mailto:imach-users-unsubscribe@listes.ined.fr>imach-users-unsubscribe@listes.ined.fr</a>  
 </p>  
   
 </body>  
 </html>  
                                         
   
   <a href=http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713644739>Lièvre A., Brouard N. and Heathcote Ch. (2003) Estimating Health Expectancies 
   from Cross-longitudinal surveys. <em>Mathematical Population Studies</em>.- 10(4), pp. 211-248. DOI 10.1080/713644739</a>
   </p>
   
   <h2><font color="#EC5E5E"><strong>Download and instructions for installation</strong></font></h2>
   
   <h3> Current versions August 2014 </h3>
   <ul>
   <li>On Windows (win9X, 2000, XP, Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8): 0.98nV</li>
   <li>On MacOS/X Leopard: 0.98nV</li>
   <li>On Linux, ask for the CVS version </li>
   </ul>
   The grapher that IMaCh uses is gnuplot
   from <a href="http://www.gnuplot.info/">http://www.gnuplot.info/</a>.
   Gnuplot has evolved since version IMaCh 0.98k and therefore you need
   at least Gnuplot 4.6. Otherwise you need to adapt the .gp file
   produced in order to run with your old gnuplot.
   
   With the installer provided for OS/X and Windows, a recent gnuplot
   binary is provided and will be installed on the same directory that
   the IMaCh binary.  It is better to use your own Gnuplot installation
   and IMaCh will test the command '''gnuplot''' but if the binary in not
   in your path, it will make a error but will use the binary provided by
   the installers. Using recent gnuplot installations, there is usually a
   possibility to add the gnuplot binary in your path.
   
   <h3>On Windows (win9X, 2000, XP, Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8)</h3>
   <p> Until June 2004 the installation did consist in a zip file which
   had to be extracted in the directory of your choice. But with version
   0.98d and above IMaCh we are using a windows installer (Inno setup).
   
   <br> In order to facilitate the use of IMaCh we associated the .imach
   extension to two features: editing and running. Thus by right clicking
   on a foo.imach file you can either 'edit'the file (default) with
   the notepad editor or 'run' it with gnuplot (you need a recent version).<br>
   
         But we discovered that on some computers, people are not allowed
         to modify the windows registry and need to have Administrator privileges.
   
        <br>
         Thus we built two windows installer: a standard setup which will install
         the progam (usually in <tt>\Program Files\imach</tt> and will
         modify the registry to associate <tt>.imach</tt> extension to notepad and imach, and a
         second which will not alter the registry. With this second installer you
         will be able to install the programs in your home directory and
         run it by clicking on the imach.exe icon. But you won't be able
         to use the facility of the right clicking.
   </p>
   
   <ul>
       <li>Download latest <font size="2" face="Courier
           New"><strong>imach-0.98nX-1-setup.exe</strong></font> and
           execute it .</li>
       <li> Download <font size="2" face="Courier
       New"><strong>gnuplot</strong></font> 4.6.5
       at <a href="http://www.gnuplot.info/">http://www.gnuplot.info/</a>
       ; at the end of the install it is asked if you want to have the
       gnuplot binary in your path, say yes.</li>
       <li>Different sub-directories are created:
             <ul>
               <li>doc: most of the documentation. The main document
                   is <a href="wiki/index.php/Documentation">http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/wiki/index.php/Documentation</a>
                   .</li>
                   <ul> Here are also two data files:<font size="4"
                   face="Times New Roman"> </font><ul>
                       <li><font face="Courier New">data1.txt</font>
                           which is the main data file on which the
                           program has been run as the example in
                           the main documentation.</li>
                       <li><font face="Courier New">mydata.txt </font>a
                           smaller data file which you can use for
                           your own trial.</li>
                   </ul>
                  </ul>
               <li>bin: <ul> 
                   <li><font face="Courier">imach.exe</font></li> 
                   <li> gnuplot, the grapher used by IMaCh.  Its
               reference manual and sources can be accessed from <a
               href="http://www.gnuplot.info/">http://www.gnuplot.info/</a>.
                   </ul>
               </li>
               <li>src: This subdirectory contains the source of the
                   program. It can be obtained by asking us by mail brouard at ined pointfr
                    .</li>
           </ul>
       </li>
       <li>Right click on the .imach to either edit it or execute it with
       IMaCh. At the end of the program, IMaCh uses gnuplot to produce
       the graphs, then you can open your browser to read the main .htm
       file with all results and graphs. If gnuplot is not installed or
       not in your path, you have to run gnuplot on the ".gp" source file
       generated by imach. Using wgnuplot you have to "open" it. </li>
       <li>Read the file README.txt
   </ul>
   
   <br>
   Imach version 0.98nX of August 2014 can be downloaded as a setup.exe file
   <a href="imach-0.98nX-1-setup.exe">
   http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/imach-0.98nX-1-setup.exe (compiled with
   free Visual Studio compiler 2010 32 bits)</a>. If MSVCR100.dll is
   missing on your windows system (32 or 64 bits) please download the
   library from Microsoft.com by installing
   the <a href="http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=8328">32Bit:
   Microsoft Visual C++ 2010 SP1 Redistributable Package (x86)</a>. The
   IMaCh program and gnuplot will be installed in the directory that you
   want (usually in Program Files). Please check the md5sum which is
   f801319e8dbc852296e4fba13029c7e0 imach-0.98nX-1-setup.exe
   
   <br>After installation a right click on a .imach file lets edit with
   the notepad text editor which is less useful than other text editor
   like workpad but exists on most Windows installation.  <br> For people
   who are not allowed to modify the registry of their Windows
   installation here is a second
   setup <a href="imach-0.98nX-1-noreg-setup.exe">imach-0.98nX-1-noreg-setup.exe</a>.
   <br>
   766443598a014e8d9cf5cbaccab99e0d imach-0.98nX-1-noreg-setup.exe
   <p> The executable for Windows cross-compiled on OS/X with
   i386-mingw32-gcc doesn't produce efficient binary compared to native
   Visual Studio 2010 (used here). imach-0.98nV-1-setup.exe is compiled
   with i386-mingw32-gcc .
   
   <p><a href="oldversions.html">Old Windows versions are accessible here.</a>
   <h3>On Mac OS/X Leopard  (August 2014)</h3>
   
   IMaCh can be easily compiled with gcc 3.3 on MacIntosh as soon as
   XCode (free download from Apple) is intalled on your MaCIntosh.<p>
   
   It take a litle more time to get version of Gnuplot 4.6.5+ for Mac OS/X
   and to compile it on a MaC.  Currently graphs are output as png
   files. We will probably moved to svg because the svg format is
   scalable and thus figures are easier to improve and insert in other documents.
   
   
   <p>
   You can download a dmg file
           at <a href="imach0.98nX.dmg">imach0.98nX.dmg</a> (md5sum
           ff9d2389abc2d3ce106203d89fd096d4). Like on Windows, two
           sub-directories are created
         <tt>bin</tt> and <tt>html</tt> . In the bin subdirectory you
         will find two executables <tt>imach</tt> itself and
         <tt>gnuplot</tt>. 
   
   <p>
   You need to click on <tt>imach</tt> application and IMaCh will be
   launched in a Terminal window, asking you to enter
   a <tt>parameter</tt> file. A parameter file is a text file with an
   extension <tt>.imach</tt> (but you can use a <tt>.txt</tt> extension
   if you want.  Among the parameters required, a data file name has to
   be entered. It can be a relative file name
   like <tt>../../data/data1.txt</tt>. <br> If you open a new finder you
   can drag an IMaCh parameter file into the terminal IMaCh Window that
   you just created.
   <p>
   At the end of the run, and it order for the terminal window not to
   disappear, the program will prompt for a command like "<tt>e</tt>" for
   edit (with your browser) or "<tt>q</tt>" for quit.
   
   <br> The consequence for you is just that you have to use your finder
         or browser (there is no more difference now) and click on the
         <tt>.html</tt> (or .htm) file created. The filename of this html
         file has the same name as your parameter file, only the extension
         .imach is changed to .html.
   
   <h3>On Linux</h3> There are various versions of Linux, gnuplot is
   distributed on most distributions. Just verify that your version of
   gnuplot is more recent than version 4.6.5 . I haven't had time to make
   a rpm yet, just ask us for the CVS tree location (not completely GPL
   today), and compile the sources. Remarks concerning the Linux versions
   are similar to the Mac OS/X version.
   <p>
   <font color="#FF0000" size="3"><tt>New (August 2014)</tt></font> You
   can download a binary tar file for respectively a 32 bits or 64 bits
   Linux box:<p>
   cf9784f1d3f464b2f0c7ddf2fea84062 <a href="imach-Linux-0.98nX-linux-i586-bin.tar.bz2">imach-Linux-0.98nX-linux-i586-bin.tar.bz2</a><p>
   or
   0974bcf30596f94f97d0e80acaf5a1bb <a href="imach-Linux-0.98nX-linux-x86-64-bin.tar.bz2">imach-Linux-0.98nX-linux-x86-64-bin.tar.bz2</a> <p>
   The binaries have been crosscompiled with gcc on my OS/X Mac.  Each
   binary contains two directories <tt>bin</tt> and <tt>html/doc</tt>
   . In the bin subdirectory you will find the <tt>imach</tt> executable
   and in <tt>html/doc</tt> the <tt>biaspar.imach</tt> test parameter
   file and its corresponding data file <tt>data1.txt</tt>. In order to
   run the test the command is <tt>./bin/imach
   ./html/doc/biaspar.imach</tt> <p>
         <tt>gnuplot</tt> should be installed otherwise at the end of the
         run (optimization and calculations last at least 7 minutes on
         today most efficient hardwares) the command <tt>gnuplot
         biaspar.gp</tt> will fail. If successful, typing <tt>e</tt> will
         open <tt>biaspar.htm</tt> with your browser and all the results
         including graphs generated by gnuplot will appear. Please
         subscribe to the mailing
         list <tt>imach-users@listes.ined.fr</tt> for comments and
         reports on the performance (see the Performance section of
         the <a href="http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/wiki">wiki</a>).
   
   
   <p><a href="http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/wiki/index.php/Documentation"><font color="#FF0000" size="6">Click
   here to access to the detailed documentation</font></a></p>
   
   <p>This software have been partly granted
   by <a href="http://euroreves.ined.fr">Euro-REVES</a>, a concerted
   action from the European Union. In 2003-2004 it has been granted by
   the French Institute on Longevity. In January 2014, it has been
   granted by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
   (Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 25293121. 
   <p>
   Our work is copyrighted as a GNU software product, i.e. program and
   software can be distributed freely for non commercial use, but
   actually some sources are not widely distributed today because they
   borrow some codes from the book "Numerical Recipes in C" which is
   copyrighted. If you are an owner of theses sources you can get our
   sources by asking us with a simple justification (name, email,
   Institute) <a href="mailto:imach-dev@listes.ined.fr">mailto:imach-dev@listes.ined.fr</a>
   </p>
   
   <p>Today we are two developpers only but we already use a private CVS
   server. The CVS server will be freely accessible as soon as we have
   replaced "Numerical Recipes in C maximization routines" with
   equivalent routines from the new GNU scientific library.
   
   <p>Latest documentation can be accessed at <a
   href="http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/wiki/index.php/Documentation">http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach/wiki/index.php/Documentation</a><br>
   
   <p> There is a public mailing list of IMaCh's users.  You can
   subscribe by sending a mail to <a
   href=mailto:imach-users-subscribe@listes.ined.fr>imach-users-subscribe@listes.ined.fr</a>
   (and unsubscribe with <a
   href=mailto:imach-users-unsubscribe@listes.ined.fr>imach-users-unsubscribe@listes.ined.fr</a>
   </p>
   
   <h2>IMaCh Wiki</h2>
   As discussed at the REVES meeting in <a href="http://www.prw.le.ac.uk/cgi-bin/reves/2005.cgi">Beijing</a>, we created a Wiki for IMaCh were people having used IMaCh (or having not been able to use it because of obscure or unadequate features) can add tips and discuss various aspects of IMaCh and interface with other statistical softwares. In many aspects, our "official documentation" is not accurate enough.
   
   <p> Wikis are a very promising way to give information closer to your expectations. It also a very dynamic movement if you consider the first <a href="http://wikimania.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page">International Wikimedia Conference in Francfurt</a> (August 2005), where most Wikis were represented and in particular <a href="http://wikipedia.org">Wikipedia</a>.
   
   <p><a href="wiki"><font color="#FF0000" size="6">Access to the IMaCh Wiki</font></a></p>. Please ask for a username and password.
   
   
   
   
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     Revision 1.5  2004/06/22 11:18:20  brouard
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