Diff for /imach/src/imach.c between versions 1.41.2.1 and 1.63

version 1.41.2.1, 2003/06/12 10:43:20 version 1.63, 2002/11/20 17:35:59
Line 1 Line 1
 /* $Id$  /* $Id$
    Interpolated Markov Chain     Interpolated Markov Chain
   
   Short summary of the programme:    Short summary of the programme:
      
   This program computes Healthy Life Expectancies from    This program computes Healthy Life Expectancies from
   cross-longitudinal data. Cross-longitudinal data consist in: -1- a    cross-longitudinal data. Cross-longitudinal data consist in: -1- a
   first survey ("cross") where individuals from different ages are    first survey ("cross") where individuals from different ages are
   interviewed on their health status or degree of disability (in the    interviewed on their health status or degree of disability (in the
   case of a health survey which is our main interest) -2- at least a    case of a health survey which is our main interest) -2- at least a
   second wave of interviews ("longitudinal") which measure each change    second wave of interviews ("longitudinal") which measure each change
   (if any) in individual health status.  Health expectancies are    (if any) in individual health status.  Health expectancies are
   computed from the time spent in each health state according to a    computed from the time spent in each health state according to a
   model. More health states you consider, more time is necessary to reach the    model. More health states you consider, more time is necessary to reach the
   Maximum Likelihood of the parameters involved in the model.  The    Maximum Likelihood of the parameters involved in the model.  The
   simplest model is the multinomial logistic model where pij is the    simplest model is the multinomial logistic model where pij is the
   probability to be observed in state j at the second wave    probability to be observed in state j at the second wave
   conditional to be observed in state i at the first wave. Therefore    conditional to be observed in state i at the first wave. Therefore
   the model is: log(pij/pii)= aij + bij*age+ cij*sex + etc , where    the model is: log(pij/pii)= aij + bij*age+ cij*sex + etc , where
   'age' is age and 'sex' is a covariate. If you want to have a more    'age' is age and 'sex' is a covariate. If you want to have a more
   complex model than "constant and age", you should modify the program    complex model than "constant and age", you should modify the program
   where the markup *Covariates have to be included here again* invites    where the markup *Covariates have to be included here again* invites
   you to do it.  More covariates you add, slower the    you to do it.  More covariates you add, slower the
   convergence.    convergence.
   
   The advantage of this computer programme, compared to a simple    The advantage of this computer programme, compared to a simple
   multinomial logistic model, is clear when the delay between waves is not    multinomial logistic model, is clear when the delay between waves is not
   identical for each individual. Also, if a individual missed an    identical for each individual. Also, if a individual missed an
   intermediate interview, the information is lost, but taken into    intermediate interview, the information is lost, but taken into
   account using an interpolation or extrapolation.      account using an interpolation or extrapolation.  
   
   hPijx is the probability to be observed in state i at age x+h    hPijx is the probability to be observed in state i at age x+h
   conditional to the observed state i at age x. The delay 'h' can be    conditional to the observed state i at age x. The delay 'h' can be
   split into an exact number (nh*stepm) of unobserved intermediate    split into an exact number (nh*stepm) of unobserved intermediate
   states. This elementary transition (by month or quarter trimester,    states. This elementary transition (by month or quarter trimester,
   semester or year) is model as a multinomial logistic.  The hPx    semester or year) is model as a multinomial logistic.  The hPx
   matrix is simply the matrix product of nh*stepm elementary matrices    matrix is simply the matrix product of nh*stepm elementary matrices
   and the contribution of each individual to the likelihood is simply    and the contribution of each individual to the likelihood is simply
   hPijx.    hPijx.
   
   Also this programme outputs the covariance matrix of the parameters but also    Also this programme outputs the covariance matrix of the parameters but also
   of the life expectancies. It also computes the prevalence limits.    of the life expectancies. It also computes the stable prevalence. 
      
   Authors: Nicolas Brouard (brouard@ined.fr) and Agnès Lièvre (lievre@ined.fr).    Authors: Nicolas Brouard (brouard@ined.fr) and Agnès Lièvre (lievre@ined.fr).
            Institut national d'études démographiques, Paris.             Institut national d'études démographiques, Paris.
   This software have been partly granted by Euro-REVES, a concerted action    This software have been partly granted by Euro-REVES, a concerted action
   from the European Union.    from the European Union.
   It is copyrighted identically to a GNU software product, ie programme and    It is copyrighted identically to a GNU software product, ie programme and
   software can be distributed freely for non commercial use. Latest version    software can be distributed freely for non commercial use. Latest version
   can be accessed at http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach .    can be accessed at http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach .
   **********************************************************************/    **********************************************************************/
     
 #include <math.h>  #include <math.h>
 #include <stdio.h>  #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>  #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <unistd.h>  #include <unistd.h>
   
 #define MAXLINE 256  #define MAXLINE 256
 #define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "wgnuplot"  #define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "gnuplot"
 /*#define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "..\\gp37mgw\\wgnuplot"*/  /*#define GNUPLOTPROGRAM "..\\gp37mgw\\wgnuplot"*/
 #define FILENAMELENGTH 80  #define FILENAMELENGTH 80
 /*#define DEBUG*/  /*#define DEBUG*/
   #define windows
 /*#define windows*/  #define GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH              -1      /* empty path */
 #define GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH              -1      /* empty path */  #define GLOCK_ERROR_GETCWD              -2      /* cannot get cwd */
 #define GLOCK_ERROR_GETCWD              -2      /* cannot get cwd */  
   #define MAXPARM 30 /* Maximum number of parameters for the optimization */
 #define MAXPARM 30 /* Maximum number of parameters for the optimization */  #define NPARMAX 64 /* (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel */
 #define NPARMAX 64 /* (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel */  
   #define NINTERVMAX 8
 #define NINTERVMAX 8  #define NLSTATEMAX 8 /* Maximum number of live states (for func) */
 #define NLSTATEMAX 8 /* Maximum number of live states (for func) */  #define NDEATHMAX 8 /* Maximum number of dead states (for func) */
 #define NDEATHMAX 8 /* Maximum number of dead states (for func) */  #define NCOVMAX 8 /* Maximum number of covariates */
 #define NCOVMAX 8 /* Maximum number of covariates */  #define MAXN 20000
 #define MAXN 20000  #define YEARM 12. /* Number of months per year */
 #define YEARM 12. /* Number of months per year */  #define AGESUP 130
 #define AGESUP 130  #define AGEBASE 40
 #define AGEBASE 40  #ifdef windows
   #define DIRSEPARATOR '\\'
   #define ODIRSEPARATOR '/'
 int erreur; /* Error number */  #else
 int nvar;  #define DIRSEPARATOR '/'
 int cptcovn, cptcovage=0, cptcoveff=0,cptcov;  #define ODIRSEPARATOR '\\'
 int npar=NPARMAX;  #endif
 int nlstate=2; /* Number of live states */  
 int ndeath=1; /* Number of dead states */  char version[80]="Imach version 0.9, November 2002, INED-EUROREVES ";
 int ncovmodel, ncovcol;     /* Total number of covariables including constant a12*1 +b12*x ncovmodel=2 */  int erreur; /* Error number */
 int popbased=0;  int nvar;
   int cptcovn=0, cptcovage=0, cptcoveff=0,cptcov;
 int *wav; /* Number of waves for this individuual 0 is possible */  int npar=NPARMAX;
 int maxwav; /* Maxim number of waves */  int nlstate=2; /* Number of live states */
 int jmin, jmax; /* min, max spacing between 2 waves */  int ndeath=1; /* Number of dead states */
 int mle, weightopt;  int ncovmodel, ncovcol;     /* Total number of covariables including constant a12*1 +b12*x ncovmodel=2 */
 int **mw; /* mw[mi][i] is number of the mi wave for this individual */  int popbased=0;
 int **dh; /* dh[mi][i] is number of steps between mi,mi+1 for this individual */  
 double jmean; /* Mean space between 2 waves */  int *wav; /* Number of waves for this individuual 0 is possible */
 double **oldm, **newm, **savm; /* Working pointers to matrices */  int maxwav; /* Maxim number of waves */
 double **oldms, **newms, **savms; /* Fixed working pointers to matrices */  int jmin, jmax; /* min, max spacing between 2 waves */
 FILE *fic,*ficpar, *ficparo,*ficres,  *ficrespl, *ficrespij, *ficrest,*ficresf,*ficrespop;  int mle, weightopt;
 FILE *ficgp,*ficresprob,*ficpop;  int **mw; /* mw[mi][i] is number of the mi wave for this individual */
 FILE *ficreseij;  int **dh; /* dh[mi][i] is number of steps between mi,mi+1 for this individual */
   char filerese[FILENAMELENGTH];  int **bh; /* bh[mi][i] is the bias (+ or -) for this individual if the delay between
  FILE  *ficresvij;             * wave mi and wave mi+1 is not an exact multiple of stepm. */
   char fileresv[FILENAMELENGTH];  double jmean; /* Mean space between 2 waves */
  FILE  *ficresvpl;  double **oldm, **newm, **savm; /* Working pointers to matrices */
   char fileresvpl[FILENAMELENGTH];  double **oldms, **newms, **savms; /* Fixed working pointers to matrices */
   FILE *fic,*ficpar, *ficparo,*ficres,  *ficrespl, *ficrespij, *ficrest,*ficresf,*ficrespop;
 #define NR_END 1  FILE *ficlog;
 #define FREE_ARG char*  FILE *ficgp,*ficresprob,*ficpop, *ficresprobcov, *ficresprobcor;
 #define FTOL 1.0e-10  FILE *ficresprobmorprev;
   FILE *fichtm; /* Html File */
 #define NRANSI  FILE *ficreseij;
 #define ITMAX 200  char filerese[FILENAMELENGTH];
   FILE  *ficresvij;
 #define TOL 2.0e-4  char fileresv[FILENAMELENGTH];
   FILE  *ficresvpl;
 #define CGOLD 0.3819660  char fileresvpl[FILENAMELENGTH];
 #define ZEPS 1.0e-10  char title[MAXLINE];
 #define SHFT(a,b,c,d) (a)=(b);(b)=(c);(c)=(d);  char optionfile[FILENAMELENGTH], datafile[FILENAMELENGTH],  filerespl[FILENAMELENGTH];
   char optionfilext[10], optionfilefiname[FILENAMELENGTH], plotcmd[FILENAMELENGTH];
 #define GOLD 1.618034  
 #define GLIMIT 100.0  char fileres[FILENAMELENGTH], filerespij[FILENAMELENGTH], filereso[FILENAMELENGTH], rfileres[FILENAMELENGTH];
 #define TINY 1.0e-20  char filelog[FILENAMELENGTH]; /* Log file */
   char filerest[FILENAMELENGTH];
 static double maxarg1,maxarg2;  char fileregp[FILENAMELENGTH];
 #define FMAX(a,b) (maxarg1=(a),maxarg2=(b),(maxarg1)>(maxarg2)? (maxarg1):(maxarg2))  char popfile[FILENAMELENGTH];
 #define FMIN(a,b) (maxarg1=(a),maxarg2=(b),(maxarg1)<(maxarg2)? (maxarg1):(maxarg2))  
    char optionfilegnuplot[FILENAMELENGTH], optionfilehtm[FILENAMELENGTH];
 #define SIGN(a,b) ((b)>0.0 ? fabs(a) : -fabs(a))  
 #define rint(a) floor(a+0.5)  #define NR_END 1
   #define FREE_ARG char*
 static double sqrarg;  #define FTOL 1.0e-10
 #define SQR(a) ((sqrarg=(a)) == 0.0 ? 0.0 :sqrarg*sqrarg)  
 #define SWAP(a,b) {temp=(a);(a)=(b);(b)=temp;}  #define NRANSI 
   #define ITMAX 200 
 int imx;  
 int stepm;  #define TOL 2.0e-4 
 /* Stepm, step in month: minimum step interpolation*/  
   #define CGOLD 0.3819660 
 int estepm;  #define ZEPS 1.0e-10 
 /* Estepm, step in month to interpolate survival function in order to approximate Life Expectancy*/  #define SHFT(a,b,c,d) (a)=(b);(b)=(c);(c)=(d); 
   
 int m,nb;  #define GOLD 1.618034 
 int *num, firstpass=0, lastpass=4,*cod, *ncodemax, *Tage;  #define GLIMIT 100.0 
 double **agev,*moisnais, *annais, *moisdc, *andc,**mint, **anint;  #define TINY 1.0e-20 
 double **pmmij, ***probs, ***mobaverage;  
 double dateintmean=0;  static double maxarg1,maxarg2;
   #define FMAX(a,b) (maxarg1=(a),maxarg2=(b),(maxarg1)>(maxarg2)? (maxarg1):(maxarg2))
 double *weight;  #define FMIN(a,b) (maxarg1=(a),maxarg2=(b),(maxarg1)<(maxarg2)? (maxarg1):(maxarg2))
 int **s; /* Status */    
 double *agedc, **covar, idx;  #define SIGN(a,b) ((b)>0.0 ? fabs(a) : -fabs(a))
 int **nbcode, *Tcode, *Tvar, **codtab, **Tvard, *Tprod, cptcovprod, *Tvaraff;  #define rint(a) floor(a+0.5)
   
 double ftol=FTOL; /* Tolerance for computing Max Likelihood */  static double sqrarg;
 double ftolhess; /* Tolerance for computing hessian */  #define SQR(a) ((sqrarg=(a)) == 0.0 ? 0.0 :sqrarg*sqrarg)
   #define SWAP(a,b) {temp=(a);(a)=(b);(b)=temp;} 
 /**************** split *************************/  
 static  int split( char *path, char *dirc, char *name, char *ext, char *finame )  int imx; 
 {  int stepm;
    char *s;                             /* pointer */  /* Stepm, step in month: minimum step interpolation*/
    int  l1, l2;                         /* length counters */  
   int estepm;
    l1 = strlen( path );                 /* length of path */  /* Estepm, step in month to interpolate survival function in order to approximate Life Expectancy*/
    if ( l1 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );  
 #ifdef windows  int m,nb;
    s = strrchr( path, '\\' );           /* find last / */  int *num, firstpass=0, lastpass=4,*cod, *ncodemax, *Tage;
 #else  double **agev,*moisnais, *annais, *moisdc, *andc,**mint, **anint;
    s = strrchr( path, '/' );            /* find last / */  double **pmmij, ***probs;
 #endif  double dateintmean=0;
    if ( s == NULL ) {                   /* no directory, so use current */  
 #if     defined(__bsd__)                /* get current working directory */  double *weight;
       extern char       *getwd( );  int **s; /* Status */
   double *agedc, **covar, idx;
       if ( getwd( dirc ) == NULL ) {  int **nbcode, *Tcode, *Tvar, **codtab, **Tvard, *Tprod, cptcovprod, *Tvaraff;
 #else  
       extern char       *getcwd( );  double ftol=FTOL; /* Tolerance for computing Max Likelihood */
   double ftolhess; /* Tolerance for computing hessian */
       if ( getcwd( dirc, FILENAME_MAX ) == NULL ) {  
 #endif  /**************** split *************************/
          return( GLOCK_ERROR_GETCWD );  static  int split( char *path, char *dirc, char *name, char *ext, char *finame )
       }  {
       strcpy( name, path );             /* we've got it */    char  *ss;                            /* pointer */
    } else {                             /* strip direcotry from path */    int   l1, l2;                         /* length counters */
       s++;                              /* after this, the filename */  
       l2 = strlen( s );                 /* length of filename */    l1 = strlen(path );                   /* length of path */
       if ( l2 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );    if ( l1 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );
       strcpy( name, s );                /* save file name */    ss= strrchr( path, DIRSEPARATOR );            /* find last / */
       strncpy( dirc, path, l1 - l2 );   /* now the directory */    if ( ss == NULL ) {                   /* no directory, so use current */
       dirc[l1-l2] = 0;                  /* add zero */      /*if(strrchr(path, ODIRSEPARATOR )==NULL)
    }        printf("Warning you should use %s as a separator\n",DIRSEPARATOR);*/
    l1 = strlen( dirc );                 /* length of directory */  #if     defined(__bsd__)                /* get current working directory */
 #ifdef windows      extern char *getwd( );
    if ( dirc[l1-1] != '\\' ) { dirc[l1] = '\\'; dirc[l1+1] = 0; }  
 #else      if ( getwd( dirc ) == NULL ) {
    if ( dirc[l1-1] != '/' ) { dirc[l1] = '/'; dirc[l1+1] = 0; }  #else
 #endif      extern char *getcwd( );
    s = strrchr( name, '.' );            /* find last / */  
    s++;      if ( getcwd( dirc, FILENAME_MAX ) == NULL ) {
    strcpy(ext,s);                       /* save extension */  #endif
    l1= strlen( name);        return( GLOCK_ERROR_GETCWD );
    l2= strlen( s)+1;      }
    strncpy( finame, name, l1-l2);      strcpy( name, path );               /* we've got it */
    finame[l1-l2]= 0;    } else {                              /* strip direcotry from path */
    return( 0 );                         /* we're done */      ss++;                               /* after this, the filename */
 }      l2 = strlen( ss );                  /* length of filename */
       if ( l2 == 0 ) return( GLOCK_ERROR_NOPATH );
       strcpy( name, ss );         /* save file name */
 /******************************************/      strncpy( dirc, path, l1 - l2 );     /* now the directory */
       dirc[l1-l2] = 0;                    /* add zero */
 void replace(char *s, char*t)    }
 {    l1 = strlen( dirc );                  /* length of directory */
   int i;  #ifdef windows
   int lg=20;    if ( dirc[l1-1] != '\\' ) { dirc[l1] = '\\'; dirc[l1+1] = 0; }
   i=0;  #else
   lg=strlen(t);    if ( dirc[l1-1] != '/' ) { dirc[l1] = '/'; dirc[l1+1] = 0; }
   for(i=0; i<= lg; i++) {  #endif
     (s[i] = t[i]);    ss = strrchr( name, '.' );            /* find last / */
     if (t[i]== '\\') s[i]='/';    ss++;
   }    strcpy(ext,ss);                       /* save extension */
 }    l1= strlen( name);
     l2= strlen(ss)+1;
 int nbocc(char *s, char occ)    strncpy( finame, name, l1-l2);
 {    finame[l1-l2]= 0;
   int i,j=0;    return( 0 );                          /* we're done */
   int lg=20;  }
   i=0;  
   lg=strlen(s);  
   for(i=0; i<= lg; i++) {  /******************************************/
   if  (s[i] == occ ) j++;  
   }  void replace(char *s, char*t)
   return j;  {
 }    int i;
     int lg=20;
 void cutv(char *u,char *v, char*t, char occ)    i=0;
 {    lg=strlen(t);
   int i,lg,j,p=0;    for(i=0; i<= lg; i++) {
   i=0;      (s[i] = t[i]);
   for(j=0; j<=strlen(t)-1; j++) {      if (t[i]== '\\') s[i]='/';
     if((t[j]!= occ) && (t[j+1]== occ)) p=j+1;    }
   }  }
   
   lg=strlen(t);  int nbocc(char *s, char occ)
   for(j=0; j<p; j++) {  {
     (u[j] = t[j]);    int i,j=0;
   }    int lg=20;
      u[p]='\0';    i=0;
     lg=strlen(s);
    for(j=0; j<= lg; j++) {    for(i=0; i<= lg; i++) {
     if (j>=(p+1))(v[j-p-1] = t[j]);    if  (s[i] == occ ) j++;
   }    }
 }    return j;
   }
 /********************** nrerror ********************/  
   void cutv(char *u,char *v, char*t, char occ)
 void nrerror(char error_text[])  {
 {    /* cuts string t into u and v where u is ended by char occ excluding it
   fprintf(stderr,"ERREUR ...\n");       and v is after occ excluding it too : ex cutv(u,v,"abcdef2ghi2j",2)
   fprintf(stderr,"%s\n",error_text);       gives u="abcedf" and v="ghi2j" */
   exit(1);    int i,lg,j,p=0;
 }    i=0;
 /*********************** vector *******************/    for(j=0; j<=strlen(t)-1; j++) {
 double *vector(int nl, int nh)      if((t[j]!= occ) && (t[j+1]== occ)) p=j+1;
 {    }
   double *v;  
   v=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));    lg=strlen(t);
   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in vector");    for(j=0; j<p; j++) {
   return v-nl+NR_END;      (u[j] = t[j]);
 }    }
        u[p]='\0';
 /************************ free vector ******************/  
 void free_vector(double*v, int nl, int nh)     for(j=0; j<= lg; j++) {
 {      if (j>=(p+1))(v[j-p-1] = t[j]);
   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));    }
 }  }
   
 /************************ivector *******************************/  /********************** nrerror ********************/
 int *ivector(long nl,long nh)  
 {  void nrerror(char error_text[])
   int *v;  {
   v=(int *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(int)));    fprintf(stderr,"ERREUR ...\n");
   if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in ivector");    fprintf(stderr,"%s\n",error_text);
   return v-nl+NR_END;    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 }  }
   /*********************** vector *******************/
 /******************free ivector **************************/  double *vector(int nl, int nh)
 void free_ivector(int *v, long nl, long nh)  {
 {    double *v;
   free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));    v=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
 }    if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in vector");
     return v-nl+NR_END;
 /******************* imatrix *******************************/  }
 int **imatrix(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)  
      /* allocate a int matrix with subscript range m[nrl..nrh][ncl..nch] */  /************************ free vector ******************/
 {  void free_vector(double*v, int nl, int nh)
   long i, nrow=nrh-nrl+1,ncol=nch-ncl+1;  {
   int **m;    free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
    }
   /* allocate pointers to rows */  
   m=(int **) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(int*)));  /************************ivector *******************************/
   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");  int *ivector(long nl,long nh)
   m += NR_END;  {
   m -= nrl;    int *v;
      v=(int *) malloc((size_t)((nh-nl+1+NR_END)*sizeof(int)));
      if (!v) nrerror("allocation failure in ivector");
   /* allocate rows and set pointers to them */    return v-nl+NR_END;
   m[nrl]=(int *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(int)));  }
   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");  
   m[nrl] += NR_END;  /******************free ivector **************************/
   m[nrl] -= ncl;  void free_ivector(int *v, long nl, long nh)
    {
   for(i=nrl+1;i<=nrh;i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;    free((FREE_ARG)(v+nl-NR_END));
    }
   /* return pointer to array of pointers to rows */  
   return m;  /******************* imatrix *******************************/
 }  int **imatrix(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch) 
        /* allocate a int matrix with subscript range m[nrl..nrh][ncl..nch] */ 
 /****************** free_imatrix *************************/  { 
 void free_imatrix(m,nrl,nrh,ncl,nch)    long i, nrow=nrh-nrl+1,ncol=nch-ncl+1; 
       int **m;    int **m; 
       long nch,ncl,nrh,nrl;    
      /* free an int matrix allocated by imatrix() */    /* allocate pointers to rows */ 
 {    m=(int **) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(int*))); 
   free((FREE_ARG) (m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));    if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()"); 
   free((FREE_ARG) (m+nrl-NR_END));    m += NR_END; 
 }    m -= nrl; 
     
 /******************* matrix *******************************/    
 double **matrix(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)    /* allocate rows and set pointers to them */ 
 {    m[nrl]=(int *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(int))); 
   long i, nrow=nrh-nrl+1, ncol=nch-ncl+1;    if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()"); 
   double **m;    m[nrl] += NR_END; 
     m[nrl] -= ncl; 
   m=(double **) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(double*)));    
   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");    for(i=nrl+1;i<=nrh;i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol; 
   m += NR_END;    
   m -= nrl;    /* return pointer to array of pointers to rows */ 
     return m; 
   m[nrl]=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));  } 
   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");  
   m[nrl] += NR_END;  /****************** free_imatrix *************************/
   m[nrl] -= ncl;  void free_imatrix(m,nrl,nrh,ncl,nch)
         int **m;
   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;        long nch,ncl,nrh,nrl; 
   return m;       /* free an int matrix allocated by imatrix() */ 
 }  { 
     free((FREE_ARG) (m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END)); 
 /*************************free matrix ************************/    free((FREE_ARG) (m+nrl-NR_END)); 
 void free_matrix(double **m, long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)  } 
 {  
   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));  /******************* matrix *******************************/
   free((FREE_ARG)(m+nrl-NR_END));  double **matrix(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)
 }  {
     long i, nrow=nrh-nrl+1, ncol=nch-ncl+1;
 /******************* ma3x *******************************/    double **m;
 double ***ma3x(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch, long nll, long nlh)  
 {    m=(double **) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(double*)));
   long i, j, nrow=nrh-nrl+1, ncol=nch-ncl+1, nlay=nlh-nll+1;    if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");
   double ***m;    m += NR_END;
     m -= nrl;
   m=(double ***) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(double*)));  
   if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");    m[nrl]=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
   m += NR_END;    if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");
   m -= nrl;    m[nrl] += NR_END;
     m[nrl] -= ncl;
   m[nrl]=(double **) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));  
   if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");    for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;
   m[nrl] += NR_END;    return m;
   m[nrl] -= ncl;  }
   
   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;  /*************************free matrix ************************/
   void free_matrix(double **m, long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch)
   m[nrl][ncl]=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol*nlay+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));  {
   if (!m[nrl][ncl]) nrerror("allocation failure 3 in matrix()");    free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));
   m[nrl][ncl] += NR_END;    free((FREE_ARG)(m+nrl-NR_END));
   m[nrl][ncl] -= nll;  }
   for (j=ncl+1; j<=nch; j++)  
     m[nrl][j]=m[nrl][j-1]+nlay;  /******************* ma3x *******************************/
    double ***ma3x(long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch, long nll, long nlh)
   for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) {  {
     m[i][ncl]=m[i-1l][ncl]+ncol*nlay;    long i, j, nrow=nrh-nrl+1, ncol=nch-ncl+1, nlay=nlh-nll+1;
     for (j=ncl+1; j<=nch; j++)    double ***m;
       m[i][j]=m[i][j-1]+nlay;  
   }    m=(double ***) malloc((size_t)((nrow+NR_END)*sizeof(double*)));
   return m;    if (!m) nrerror("allocation failure 1 in matrix()");
 }    m += NR_END;
     m -= nrl;
 /*************************free ma3x ************************/  
 void free_ma3x(double ***m, long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch,long nll, long nlh)    m[nrl]=(double **) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
 {    if (!m[nrl]) nrerror("allocation failure 2 in matrix()");
   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl][ncl]+ nll-NR_END));    m[nrl] += NR_END;
   free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));    m[nrl] -= ncl;
   free((FREE_ARG)(m+nrl-NR_END));  
 }    for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) m[i]=m[i-1]+ncol;
   
 /***************** f1dim *************************/    m[nrl][ncl]=(double *) malloc((size_t)((nrow*ncol*nlay+NR_END)*sizeof(double)));
 extern int ncom;    if (!m[nrl][ncl]) nrerror("allocation failure 3 in matrix()");
 extern double *pcom,*xicom;    m[nrl][ncl] += NR_END;
 extern double (*nrfunc)(double []);    m[nrl][ncl] -= nll;
      for (j=ncl+1; j<=nch; j++) 
 double f1dim(double x)      m[nrl][j]=m[nrl][j-1]+nlay;
 {    
   int j;    for (i=nrl+1; i<=nrh; i++) {
   double f;      m[i][ncl]=m[i-1l][ncl]+ncol*nlay;
   double *xt;      for (j=ncl+1; j<=nch; j++) 
          m[i][j]=m[i][j-1]+nlay;
   xt=vector(1,ncom);    }
   for (j=1;j<=ncom;j++) xt[j]=pcom[j]+x*xicom[j];    return m;
   f=(*nrfunc)(xt);  }
   free_vector(xt,1,ncom);  
   return f;  /*************************free ma3x ************************/
 }  void free_ma3x(double ***m, long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch,long nll, long nlh)
   {
 /*****************brent *************************/    free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl][ncl]+ nll-NR_END));
 double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx, double (*f)(double), double tol,  double *xmin)    free((FREE_ARG)(m[nrl]+ncl-NR_END));
 {    free((FREE_ARG)(m+nrl-NR_END));
   int iter;  }
   double a,b,d,etemp;  
   double fu,fv,fw,fx;  /***************** f1dim *************************/
   double ftemp;  extern int ncom; 
   double p,q,r,tol1,tol2,u,v,w,x,xm;  extern double *pcom,*xicom;
   double e=0.0;  extern double (*nrfunc)(double []); 
     
   a=(ax < cx ? ax : cx);  double f1dim(double x) 
   b=(ax > cx ? ax : cx);  { 
   x=w=v=bx;    int j; 
   fw=fv=fx=(*f)(x);    double f;
   for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) {    double *xt; 
     xm=0.5*(a+b);   
     tol2=2.0*(tol1=tol*fabs(x)+ZEPS);    xt=vector(1,ncom); 
     /*          if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret)))*/    for (j=1;j<=ncom;j++) xt[j]=pcom[j]+x*xicom[j]; 
     printf(".");fflush(stdout);    f=(*nrfunc)(xt); 
 #ifdef DEBUG    free_vector(xt,1,ncom); 
     printf("br %d,x=%.10e xm=%.10e b=%.10e a=%.10e tol=%.10e tol1=%.10e tol2=%.10e x-xm=%.10e fx=%.12e fu=%.12e,fw=%.12e,ftemp=%.12e,ftol=%.12e\n",iter,x,xm,b,a,tol,tol1,tol2,(x-xm),fx,fu,fw,ftemp,ftol);    return f; 
     /*          if ((fabs(x-xm) <= (tol2-0.5*(b-a)))||(2.0*fabs(fu-ftemp) <= ftol*1.e-2*(fabs(fu)+fabs(ftemp)))) { */  } 
 #endif  
     if (fabs(x-xm) <= (tol2-0.5*(b-a))){  /*****************brent *************************/
       *xmin=x;  double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx, double (*f)(double), double tol,  double *xmin) 
       return fx;  { 
     }    int iter; 
     ftemp=fu;    double a,b,d,etemp;
     if (fabs(e) > tol1) {    double fu,fv,fw,fx;
       r=(x-w)*(fx-fv);    double ftemp;
       q=(x-v)*(fx-fw);    double p,q,r,tol1,tol2,u,v,w,x,xm; 
       p=(x-v)*q-(x-w)*r;    double e=0.0; 
       q=2.0*(q-r);   
       if (q > 0.0) p = -p;    a=(ax < cx ? ax : cx); 
       q=fabs(q);    b=(ax > cx ? ax : cx); 
       etemp=e;    x=w=v=bx; 
       e=d;    fw=fv=fx=(*f)(x); 
       if (fabs(p) >= fabs(0.5*q*etemp) || p <= q*(a-x) || p >= q*(b-x))    for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) { 
         d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x));      xm=0.5*(a+b); 
       else {      tol2=2.0*(tol1=tol*fabs(x)+ZEPS); 
         d=p/q;      /*          if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret)))*/
         u=x+d;      printf(".");fflush(stdout);
         if (u-a < tol2 || b-u < tol2)      fprintf(ficlog,".");fflush(ficlog);
           d=SIGN(tol1,xm-x);  #ifdef DEBUG
       }      printf("br %d,x=%.10e xm=%.10e b=%.10e a=%.10e tol=%.10e tol1=%.10e tol2=%.10e x-xm=%.10e fx=%.12e fu=%.12e,fw=%.12e,ftemp=%.12e,ftol=%.12e\n",iter,x,xm,b,a,tol,tol1,tol2,(x-xm),fx,fu,fw,ftemp,ftol);
     } else {      fprintf(ficlog,"br %d,x=%.10e xm=%.10e b=%.10e a=%.10e tol=%.10e tol1=%.10e tol2=%.10e x-xm=%.10e fx=%.12e fu=%.12e,fw=%.12e,ftemp=%.12e,ftol=%.12e\n",iter,x,xm,b,a,tol,tol1,tol2,(x-xm),fx,fu,fw,ftemp,ftol);
       d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x));      /*          if ((fabs(x-xm) <= (tol2-0.5*(b-a)))||(2.0*fabs(fu-ftemp) <= ftol*1.e-2*(fabs(fu)+fabs(ftemp)))) { */
     }  #endif
     u=(fabs(d) >= tol1 ? x+d : x+SIGN(tol1,d));      if (fabs(x-xm) <= (tol2-0.5*(b-a))){ 
     fu=(*f)(u);        *xmin=x; 
     if (fu <= fx) {        return fx; 
       if (u >= x) a=x; else b=x;      } 
       SHFT(v,w,x,u)      ftemp=fu;
         SHFT(fv,fw,fx,fu)      if (fabs(e) > tol1) { 
         } else {        r=(x-w)*(fx-fv); 
           if (u < x) a=u; else b=u;        q=(x-v)*(fx-fw); 
           if (fu <= fw || w == x) {        p=(x-v)*q-(x-w)*r; 
             v=w;        q=2.0*(q-r); 
             w=u;        if (q > 0.0) p = -p; 
             fv=fw;        q=fabs(q); 
             fw=fu;        etemp=e; 
           } else if (fu <= fv || v == x || v == w) {        e=d; 
             v=u;        if (fabs(p) >= fabs(0.5*q*etemp) || p <= q*(a-x) || p >= q*(b-x)) 
             fv=fu;          d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x)); 
           }        else { 
         }          d=p/q; 
   }          u=x+d; 
   nrerror("Too many iterations in brent");          if (u-a < tol2 || b-u < tol2) 
   *xmin=x;            d=SIGN(tol1,xm-x); 
   return fx;        } 
 }      } else { 
         d=CGOLD*(e=(x >= xm ? a-x : b-x)); 
 /****************** mnbrak ***********************/      } 
       u=(fabs(d) >= tol1 ? x+d : x+SIGN(tol1,d)); 
 void mnbrak(double *ax, double *bx, double *cx, double *fa, double *fb, double *fc,      fu=(*f)(u); 
             double (*func)(double))      if (fu <= fx) { 
 {        if (u >= x) a=x; else b=x; 
   double ulim,u,r,q, dum;        SHFT(v,w,x,u) 
   double fu;          SHFT(fv,fw,fx,fu) 
            } else { 
   *fa=(*func)(*ax);            if (u < x) a=u; else b=u; 
   *fb=(*func)(*bx);            if (fu <= fw || w == x) { 
   if (*fb > *fa) {              v=w; 
     SHFT(dum,*ax,*bx,dum)              w=u; 
       SHFT(dum,*fb,*fa,dum)              fv=fw; 
       }              fw=fu; 
   *cx=(*bx)+GOLD*(*bx-*ax);            } else if (fu <= fv || v == x || v == w) { 
   *fc=(*func)(*cx);              v=u; 
   while (*fb > *fc) {              fv=fu; 
     r=(*bx-*ax)*(*fb-*fc);            } 
     q=(*bx-*cx)*(*fb-*fa);          } 
     u=(*bx)-((*bx-*cx)*q-(*bx-*ax)*r)/    } 
       (2.0*SIGN(FMAX(fabs(q-r),TINY),q-r));    nrerror("Too many iterations in brent"); 
     ulim=(*bx)+GLIMIT*(*cx-*bx);    *xmin=x; 
     if ((*bx-u)*(u-*cx) > 0.0) {    return fx; 
       fu=(*func)(u);  } 
     } else if ((*cx-u)*(u-ulim) > 0.0) {  
       fu=(*func)(u);  /****************** mnbrak ***********************/
       if (fu < *fc) {  
         SHFT(*bx,*cx,u,*cx+GOLD*(*cx-*bx))  void mnbrak(double *ax, double *bx, double *cx, double *fa, double *fb, double *fc, 
           SHFT(*fb,*fc,fu,(*func)(u))              double (*func)(double)) 
           }  { 
     } else if ((u-ulim)*(ulim-*cx) >= 0.0) {    double ulim,u,r,q, dum;
       u=ulim;    double fu; 
       fu=(*func)(u);   
     } else {    *fa=(*func)(*ax); 
       u=(*cx)+GOLD*(*cx-*bx);    *fb=(*func)(*bx); 
       fu=(*func)(u);    if (*fb > *fa) { 
     }      SHFT(dum,*ax,*bx,dum) 
     SHFT(*ax,*bx,*cx,u)        SHFT(dum,*fb,*fa,dum) 
       SHFT(*fa,*fb,*fc,fu)        } 
       }    *cx=(*bx)+GOLD*(*bx-*ax); 
 }    *fc=(*func)(*cx); 
     while (*fb > *fc) { 
 /*************** linmin ************************/      r=(*bx-*ax)*(*fb-*fc); 
       q=(*bx-*cx)*(*fb-*fa); 
 int ncom;      u=(*bx)-((*bx-*cx)*q-(*bx-*ax)*r)/ 
 double *pcom,*xicom;        (2.0*SIGN(FMAX(fabs(q-r),TINY),q-r)); 
 double (*nrfunc)(double []);      ulim=(*bx)+GLIMIT*(*cx-*bx); 
        if ((*bx-u)*(u-*cx) > 0.0) { 
 void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,double (*func)(double []))        fu=(*func)(u); 
 {      } else if ((*cx-u)*(u-ulim) > 0.0) { 
   double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx,        fu=(*func)(u); 
                double (*f)(double), double tol, double *xmin);        if (fu < *fc) { 
   double f1dim(double x);          SHFT(*bx,*cx,u,*cx+GOLD*(*cx-*bx)) 
   void mnbrak(double *ax, double *bx, double *cx, double *fa, double *fb,            SHFT(*fb,*fc,fu,(*func)(u)) 
               double *fc, double (*func)(double));            } 
   int j;      } else if ((u-ulim)*(ulim-*cx) >= 0.0) { 
   double xx,xmin,bx,ax;        u=ulim; 
   double fx,fb,fa;        fu=(*func)(u); 
        } else { 
   ncom=n;        u=(*cx)+GOLD*(*cx-*bx); 
   pcom=vector(1,n);        fu=(*func)(u); 
   xicom=vector(1,n);      } 
   nrfunc=func;      SHFT(*ax,*bx,*cx,u) 
   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {        SHFT(*fa,*fb,*fc,fu) 
     pcom[j]=p[j];        } 
     xicom[j]=xi[j];  } 
   }  
   ax=0.0;  /*************** linmin ************************/
   xx=1.0;  
   mnbrak(&ax,&xx,&bx,&fa,&fx,&fb,f1dim);  int ncom; 
   *fret=brent(ax,xx,bx,f1dim,TOL,&xmin);  double *pcom,*xicom;
 #ifdef DEBUG  double (*nrfunc)(double []); 
   printf("retour brent fret=%.12e xmin=%.12e\n",*fret,xmin);   
 #endif  void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,double (*func)(double [])) 
   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {  { 
     xi[j] *= xmin;    double brent(double ax, double bx, double cx, 
     p[j] += xi[j];                 double (*f)(double), double tol, double *xmin); 
   }    double f1dim(double x); 
   free_vector(xicom,1,n);    void mnbrak(double *ax, double *bx, double *cx, double *fa, double *fb, 
   free_vector(pcom,1,n);                double *fc, double (*func)(double)); 
 }    int j; 
     double xx,xmin,bx,ax; 
 /*************** powell ************************/    double fx,fb,fa;
 void powell(double p[], double **xi, int n, double ftol, int *iter, double *fret,   
             double (*func)(double []))    ncom=n; 
 {    pcom=vector(1,n); 
   void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret,    xicom=vector(1,n); 
               double (*func)(double []));    nrfunc=func; 
   int i,ibig,j;    for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
   double del,t,*pt,*ptt,*xit;      pcom[j]=p[j]; 
   double fp,fptt;      xicom[j]=xi[j]; 
   double *xits;    } 
   pt=vector(1,n);    ax=0.0; 
   ptt=vector(1,n);    xx=1.0; 
   xit=vector(1,n);    mnbrak(&ax,&xx,&bx,&fa,&fx,&fb,f1dim); 
   xits=vector(1,n);    *fret=brent(ax,xx,bx,f1dim,TOL,&xmin); 
   *fret=(*func)(p);  #ifdef DEBUG
   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) pt[j]=p[j];    printf("retour brent fret=%.12e xmin=%.12e\n",*fret,xmin);
   for (*iter=1;;++(*iter)) {    fprintf(ficlog,"retour brent fret=%.12e xmin=%.12e\n",*fret,xmin);
     fp=(*fret);  #endif
     ibig=0;    for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
     del=0.0;      xi[j] *= xmin; 
     printf("\nPowell iter=%d -2*LL=%.12f",*iter,*fret);      p[j] += xi[j]; 
     for (i=1;i<=n;i++)    } 
       printf(" %d %.12f",i, p[i]);    free_vector(xicom,1,n); 
     printf("\n");    free_vector(pcom,1,n); 
     for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {  } 
       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) xit[j]=xi[j][i];  
       fptt=(*fret);  /*************** powell ************************/
 #ifdef DEBUG  void powell(double p[], double **xi, int n, double ftol, int *iter, double *fret, 
       printf("fret=%lf \n",*fret);              double (*func)(double [])) 
 #endif  { 
       printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout);    void linmin(double p[], double xi[], int n, double *fret, 
       linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func);                double (*func)(double [])); 
       if (fabs(fptt-(*fret)) > del) {    int i,ibig,j; 
         del=fabs(fptt-(*fret));    double del,t,*pt,*ptt,*xit;
         ibig=i;    double fp,fptt;
       }    double *xits;
 #ifdef DEBUG    pt=vector(1,n); 
       printf("%d %.12e",i,(*fret));    ptt=vector(1,n); 
       for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {    xit=vector(1,n); 
         xits[j]=FMAX(fabs(p[j]-pt[j]),1.e-5);    xits=vector(1,n); 
         printf(" x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);    *fret=(*func)(p); 
       }    for (j=1;j<=n;j++) pt[j]=p[j]; 
       for(j=1;j<=n;j++)    for (*iter=1;;++(*iter)) { 
         printf(" p=%.12e",p[j]);      fp=(*fret); 
       printf("\n");      ibig=0; 
 #endif      del=0.0; 
     }      printf("\nPowell iter=%d -2*LL=%.12f",*iter,*fret);
     if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret))) {      fprintf(ficlog,"\nPowell iter=%d -2*LL=%.12f",*iter,*fret);
 #ifdef DEBUG      for (i=1;i<=n;i++) 
       int k[2],l;        printf(" %d %.12f",i, p[i]);
       k[0]=1;      fprintf(ficlog," %d %.12f",i, p[i]);
       k[1]=-1;      printf("\n");
       printf("Max: %.12e",(*func)(p));      fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
       for (j=1;j<=n;j++)      for (i=1;i<=n;i++) { 
         printf(" %.12e",p[j]);        for (j=1;j<=n;j++) xit[j]=xi[j][i]; 
       printf("\n");        fptt=(*fret); 
       for(l=0;l<=1;l++) {  #ifdef DEBUG
         for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {        printf("fret=%lf \n",*fret);
           ptt[j]=p[j]+(p[j]-pt[j])*k[l];        fprintf(ficlog,"fret=%lf \n",*fret);
           printf("l=%d j=%d ptt=%.12e, xits=%.12e, p=%.12e, xit=%.12e", l,j,ptt[j],xits[j],p[j],xit[j]);  #endif
         }        printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout);
         printf("func(ptt)=%.12e, deriv=%.12e\n",(*func)(ptt),(ptt[j]-p[j])/((*func)(ptt)-(*func)(p)));        fprintf(ficlog,"%d",i);fflush(ficlog);
       }        linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func); 
 #endif        if (fabs(fptt-(*fret)) > del) { 
           del=fabs(fptt-(*fret)); 
           ibig=i; 
       free_vector(xit,1,n);        } 
       free_vector(xits,1,n);  #ifdef DEBUG
       free_vector(ptt,1,n);        printf("%d %.12e",i,(*fret));
       free_vector(pt,1,n);        fprintf(ficlog,"%d %.12e",i,(*fret));
       return;        for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
     }          xits[j]=FMAX(fabs(p[j]-pt[j]),1.e-5);
     if (*iter == ITMAX) nrerror("powell exceeding maximum iterations.");          printf(" x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
     for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {          fprintf(ficlog," x(%d)=%.12e",j,xit[j]);
       ptt[j]=2.0*p[j]-pt[j];        }
       xit[j]=p[j]-pt[j];        for(j=1;j<=n;j++) {
       pt[j]=p[j];          printf(" p=%.12e",p[j]);
     }          fprintf(ficlog," p=%.12e",p[j]);
     fptt=(*func)(ptt);        }
     if (fptt < fp) {        printf("\n");
       t=2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del)-del*SQR(fp-fptt);        fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
       if (t < 0.0) {  #endif
         linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func);      } 
         for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {      if (2.0*fabs(fp-(*fret)) <= ftol*(fabs(fp)+fabs(*fret))) {
           xi[j][ibig]=xi[j][n];  #ifdef DEBUG
           xi[j][n]=xit[j];        int k[2],l;
         }        k[0]=1;
 #ifdef DEBUG        k[1]=-1;
         printf("Direction changed  last moved %d in place of ibig=%d, new last is the average:\n",n,ibig);        printf("Max: %.12e",(*func)(p));
         for(j=1;j<=n;j++)        fprintf(ficlog,"Max: %.12e",(*func)(p));
           printf(" %.12e",xit[j]);        for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
         printf("\n");          printf(" %.12e",p[j]);
 #endif          fprintf(ficlog," %.12e",p[j]);
       }        }
     }        printf("\n");
   }        fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 }        for(l=0;l<=1;l++) {
           for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {
 /**** Prevalence limit ****************/            ptt[j]=p[j]+(p[j]-pt[j])*k[l];
             printf("l=%d j=%d ptt=%.12e, xits=%.12e, p=%.12e, xit=%.12e", l,j,ptt[j],xits[j],p[j],xit[j]);
 double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double x[], double age, double **oldm, double **savm, double ftolpl, int ij)            fprintf(ficlog,"l=%d j=%d ptt=%.12e, xits=%.12e, p=%.12e, xit=%.12e", l,j,ptt[j],xits[j],p[j],xit[j]);
 {          }
   /* Computes the prevalence limit in each live state at age x by left multiplying the unit          printf("func(ptt)=%.12e, deriv=%.12e\n",(*func)(ptt),(ptt[j]-p[j])/((*func)(ptt)-(*func)(p)));
      matrix by transitions matrix until convergence is reached */          fprintf(ficlog,"func(ptt)=%.12e, deriv=%.12e\n",(*func)(ptt),(ptt[j]-p[j])/((*func)(ptt)-(*func)(p)));
         }
   int i, ii,j,k;  #endif
   double min, max, maxmin, maxmax,sumnew=0.;  
   double **matprod2();  
   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX], **pmij();        free_vector(xit,1,n); 
   double **newm;        free_vector(xits,1,n); 
   double agefin, delaymax=50 ; /* Max number of years to converge */        free_vector(ptt,1,n); 
         free_vector(pt,1,n); 
   for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)        return; 
     for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){      } 
       oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);      if (*iter == ITMAX) nrerror("powell exceeding maximum iterations."); 
     }      for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
         ptt[j]=2.0*p[j]-pt[j]; 
    cov[1]=1.;        xit[j]=p[j]-pt[j]; 
          pt[j]=p[j]; 
  /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */      } 
   for(agefin=age-stepm/YEARM; agefin>=age-delaymax; agefin=agefin-stepm/YEARM){      fptt=(*func)(ptt); 
     newm=savm;      if (fptt < fp) { 
     /* Covariates have to be included here again */        t=2.0*(fp-2.0*(*fret)+fptt)*SQR(fp-(*fret)-del)-del*SQR(fp-fptt); 
      cov[2]=agefin;        if (t < 0.0) { 
            linmin(p,xit,n,fret,func); 
       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {          for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
         cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];            xi[j][ibig]=xi[j][n]; 
         /*      printf("ij=%d k=%d Tvar[k]=%d nbcode=%d cov=%lf codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]=%d \n",ij,k, Tvar[k],nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]],cov[2+k], codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]);*/            xi[j][n]=xit[j]; 
       }          }
       for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];  #ifdef DEBUG
       for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)          printf("Direction changed  last moved %d in place of ibig=%d, new last is the average:\n",n,ibig);
         cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];          fprintf(ficlog,"Direction changed  last moved %d in place of ibig=%d, new last is the average:\n",n,ibig);
           for(j=1;j<=n;j++){
       /*printf("ij=%d cptcovprod=%d tvar=%d ", ij, cptcovprod, Tvar[1]);*/            printf(" %.12e",xit[j]);
       /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf cov[4]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3],cov[4]);*/            fprintf(ficlog," %.12e",xit[j]);
       /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3]);*/          }
     out=matprod2(newm, pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate),1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, oldm);          printf("\n");
           fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
     savm=oldm;  #endif
     oldm=newm;        }
     maxmax=0.;      } 
     for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++){    } 
       min=1.;  } 
       max=0.;  
       for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++) {  /**** Prevalence limit (stable prevalence)  ****************/
         sumnew=0;  
         for(k=1; k<=ndeath; k++) sumnew+=newm[i][nlstate+k];  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double x[], double age, double **oldm, double **savm, double ftolpl, int ij)
         prlim[i][j]= newm[i][j]/(1-sumnew);  {
         max=FMAX(max,prlim[i][j]);    /* Computes the prevalence limit in each live state at age x by left multiplying the unit
         min=FMIN(min,prlim[i][j]);       matrix by transitions matrix until convergence is reached */
       }  
       maxmin=max-min;    int i, ii,j,k;
       maxmax=FMAX(maxmax,maxmin);    double min, max, maxmin, maxmax,sumnew=0.;
     }    double **matprod2();
     if(maxmax < ftolpl){    double **out, cov[NCOVMAX], **pmij();
       return prlim;    double **newm;
     }    double agefin, delaymax=50 ; /* Max number of years to converge */
   }  
 }    for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
       for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 /*************** transition probabilities ***************/        oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
       }
 double **pmij(double **ps, double *cov, int ncovmodel, double *x, int nlstate )  
 {     cov[1]=1.;
   double s1, s2;   
   /*double t34;*/   /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
   int i,j,j1, nc, ii, jj;    for(agefin=age-stepm/YEARM; agefin>=age-delaymax; agefin=agefin-stepm/YEARM){
       newm=savm;
     for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){      /* Covariates have to be included here again */
     for(j=1; j<i;j++){       cov[2]=agefin;
       for (nc=1, s2=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){    
         /*s2 += param[i][j][nc]*cov[nc];*/        for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {
         s2 += x[(i-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel+(j-1)*ncovmodel+nc+(i-1)*(ndeath-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];          cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];
         /*printf("Int j<i s1=%.17e, s2=%.17e\n",s1,s2);*/          /*      printf("ij=%d k=%d Tvar[k]=%d nbcode=%d cov=%lf codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]=%d \n",ij,k, Tvar[k],nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]],cov[2+k], codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]);*/
       }        }
       ps[i][j]=s2;        for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];
       /*printf("s1=%.17e, s2=%.17e\n",s1,s2);*/        for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)
     }          cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
     for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){  
       for (nc=1, s2=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){        /*printf("ij=%d cptcovprod=%d tvar=%d ", ij, cptcovprod, Tvar[1]);*/
         s2 += x[(i-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel+(j-2)*ncovmodel+nc+(i-1)*(ndeath-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];        /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf cov[4]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3],cov[4]);*/
         /*printf("Int j>i s1=%.17e, s2=%.17e %lx %lx\n",s1,s2,s1,s2);*/        /*printf("ij=%d cov[3]=%lf \n",ij, cov[3]);*/
       }      out=matprod2(newm, pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate),1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, oldm);
       ps[i][j]=s2;  
     }      savm=oldm;
   }      oldm=newm;
     /*ps[3][2]=1;*/      maxmax=0.;
       for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++){
   for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){        min=1.;
      s1=0;        max=0.;
     for(j=1; j<i; j++)        for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++) {
       s1+=exp(ps[i][j]);          sumnew=0;
     for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++)          for(k=1; k<=ndeath; k++) sumnew+=newm[i][nlstate+k];
       s1+=exp(ps[i][j]);          prlim[i][j]= newm[i][j]/(1-sumnew);
     ps[i][i]=1./(s1+1.);          max=FMAX(max,prlim[i][j]);
     for(j=1; j<i; j++)          min=FMIN(min,prlim[i][j]);
       ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];        }
     for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++)        maxmin=max-min;
       ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];        maxmax=FMAX(maxmax,maxmin);
     /* ps[i][nlstate+1]=1.-s1- ps[i][i];*/ /* Sum should be 1 */      }
   } /* end i */      if(maxmax < ftolpl){
         return prlim;
   for(ii=nlstate+1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){      }
     for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){    }
       ps[ii][jj]=0;  }
       ps[ii][ii]=1;  
     }  /*************** transition probabilities ***************/ 
   }  
   double **pmij(double **ps, double *cov, int ncovmodel, double *x, int nlstate )
   {
   /*   for(ii=1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){    double s1, s2;
     for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){    /*double t34;*/
      printf("%lf ",ps[ii][jj]);    int i,j,j1, nc, ii, jj;
    }  
     printf("\n ");      for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
     }      for(j=1; j<i;j++){
     printf("\n ");printf("%lf ",cov[2]);*/        for (nc=1, s2=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
 /*          /*s2 += param[i][j][nc]*cov[nc];*/
   for(i=1; i<= npar; i++) printf("%f ",x[i]);          s2 += x[(i-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel+(j-1)*ncovmodel+nc+(i-1)*(ndeath-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
   goto end;*/          /*printf("Int j<i s1=%.17e, s2=%.17e\n",s1,s2);*/
     return ps;        }
 }        ps[i][j]=s2;
         /*printf("s1=%.17e, s2=%.17e\n",s1,s2);*/
 /**************** Product of 2 matrices ******************/      }
       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 double **matprod2(double **out, double **in,long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch, long ncolol, long ncoloh, double **b)        for (nc=1, s2=0.;nc <=ncovmodel; nc++){
 {          s2 += x[(i-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel+(j-2)*ncovmodel+nc+(i-1)*(ndeath-1)*ncovmodel]*cov[nc];
   /* Computes the matrix product of in(1,nrh-nrl+1)(1,nch-ncl+1) times          /*printf("Int j>i s1=%.17e, s2=%.17e %lx %lx\n",s1,s2,s1,s2);*/
      b(1,nch-ncl+1)(1,ncoloh-ncolol+1) into out(...) */        }
   /* in, b, out are matrice of pointers which should have been initialized        ps[i][j]=s2;
      before: only the contents of out is modified. The function returns      }
      a pointer to pointers identical to out */    }
   long i, j, k;      /*ps[3][2]=1;*/
   for(i=nrl; i<= nrh; i++)  
     for(k=ncolol; k<=ncoloh; k++)    for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++){
       for(j=ncl,out[i][k]=0.; j<=nch; j++)       s1=0;
         out[i][k] +=in[i][j]*b[j][k];      for(j=1; j<i; j++)
         s1+=exp(ps[i][j]);
   return out;      for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++)
 }        s1+=exp(ps[i][j]);
       ps[i][i]=1./(s1+1.);
       for(j=1; j<i; j++)
 /************* Higher Matrix Product ***************/        ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
       for(j=i+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath; j++)
 double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstepm, double age, int hstepm, double *x, int nlstate, int stepm, double **oldm, double **savm, int ij )        ps[i][j]= exp(ps[i][j])*ps[i][i];
 {      /* ps[i][nlstate+1]=1.-s1- ps[i][i];*/ /* Sum should be 1 */
   /* Computes the transition matrix starting at age 'age' over 'nhstepm*hstepm*stepm' month    } /* end i */
      duration (i.e. until  
      age (in years)  age+nhstepm*stepm/12) by multiplying nhstepm*hstepm matrices.    for(ii=nlstate+1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){
      Output is stored in matrix po[i][j][h] for h every 'hstepm' step      for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
      (typically every 2 years instead of every month which is too big).        ps[ii][jj]=0;
      Model is determined by parameters x and covariates have to be        ps[ii][ii]=1;
      included manually here.      }
     }
      */  
   
   int i, j, d, h, k;    /*   for(ii=1; ii<= nlstate+ndeath; ii++){
   double **out, cov[NCOVMAX];      for(jj=1; jj<= nlstate+ndeath; jj++){
   double **newm;       printf("%lf ",ps[ii][jj]);
      }
   /* Hstepm could be zero and should return the unit matrix */      printf("\n ");
   for (i=1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)      }
     for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){      printf("\n ");printf("%lf ",cov[2]);*/
       oldm[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);  /*
       po[i][j][0]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);    for(i=1; i<= npar; i++) printf("%f ",x[i]);
     }    goto end;*/
   /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */      return ps;
   for(h=1; h <=nhstepm; h++){  }
     for(d=1; d <=hstepm; d++){  
       newm=savm;  /**************** Product of 2 matrices ******************/
       /* Covariates have to be included here again */  
       cov[1]=1.;  double **matprod2(double **out, double **in,long nrl, long nrh, long ncl, long nch, long ncolol, long ncoloh, double **b)
       cov[2]=age+((h-1)*hstepm + (d-1))*stepm/YEARM;  {
       for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];    /* Computes the matrix product of in(1,nrh-nrl+1)(1,nch-ncl+1) times
       for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++)       b(1,nch-ncl+1)(1,ncoloh-ncolol+1) into out(...) */
         cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];    /* in, b, out are matrice of pointers which should have been initialized 
       for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)       before: only the contents of out is modified. The function returns
         cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];       a pointer to pointers identical to out */
     long i, j, k;
     for(i=nrl; i<= nrh; i++)
       /*printf("hxi cptcov=%d cptcode=%d\n",cptcov,cptcode);*/      for(k=ncolol; k<=ncoloh; k++)
       /*printf("h=%d d=%d age=%f cov=%f\n",h,d,age,cov[2]);*/        for(j=ncl,out[i][k]=0.; j<=nch; j++)
       out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,          out[i][k] +=in[i][j]*b[j][k];
                    pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));  
       savm=oldm;    return out;
       oldm=newm;  }
     }  
     for(i=1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)  
       for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {  /************* Higher Matrix Product ***************/
         po[i][j][h]=newm[i][j];  
         /*printf("i=%d j=%d h=%d po[i][j][h]=%f ",i,j,h,po[i][j][h]);  double ***hpxij(double ***po, int nhstepm, double age, int hstepm, double *x, int nlstate, int stepm, double **oldm, double **savm, int ij )
          */  {
       }    /* Computes the transition matrix starting at age 'age' over 'nhstepm*hstepm*stepm' month 
   } /* end h */       duration (i.e. until
   return po;       age (in years)  age+nhstepm*stepm/12) by multiplying nhstepm*hstepm matrices. 
 }       Output is stored in matrix po[i][j][h] for h every 'hstepm' step 
        (typically every 2 years instead of every month which is too big).
        Model is determined by parameters x and covariates have to be 
 /*************** log-likelihood *************/       included manually here. 
 double func( double *x)  
 {       */
   int i, ii, j, k, mi, d, kk;  
   double l, ll[NLSTATEMAX], cov[NCOVMAX];    int i, j, d, h, k;
   double **out;    double **out, cov[NCOVMAX];
   double sw; /* Sum of weights */    double **newm;
   double lli; /* Individual log likelihood */  
   long ipmx;    /* Hstepm could be zero and should return the unit matrix */
   /*extern weight */    for (i=1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
   /* We are differentiating ll according to initial status */      for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
   /*  for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) printf("%f ", x[i]);*/        oldm[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
   /*for(i=1;i<imx;i++)        po[i][j][0]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
     printf(" %d\n",s[4][i]);      }
   */    /* Even if hstepm = 1, at least one multiplication by the unit matrix */
   cov[1]=1.;    for(h=1; h <=nhstepm; h++){
       for(d=1; d <=hstepm; d++){
   for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) ll[k]=0.;        newm=savm;
   for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){        /* Covariates have to be included here again */
     for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];        cov[1]=1.;
     for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){        cov[2]=age+((h-1)*hstepm + (d-1))*stepm/YEARM;
       for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)        for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[ij][Tvar[k]]];
         for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);        for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++)
       for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){          cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];
         newm=savm;        for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)
         cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;          cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
         for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {  
           cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];  
         }        /*printf("hxi cptcov=%d cptcode=%d\n",cptcov,cptcode);*/
                /*printf("h=%d d=%d age=%f cov=%f\n",h,d,age,cov[2]);*/
         out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,        out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath, 
                      1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));                     pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
         savm=oldm;        savm=oldm;
         oldm=newm;        oldm=newm;
              }
              for(i=1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)
       } /* end mult */        for(j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
                po[i][j][h]=newm[i][j];
       lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]);          /*printf("i=%d j=%d h=%d po[i][j][h]=%f ",i,j,h,po[i][j][h]);
       /* printf(" %f ",out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]);*/           */
       ipmx +=1;        }
       sw += weight[i];    } /* end h */
       ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;    return po;
     } /* end of wave */  }
   } /* end of individual */  
   
   for(k=1,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++) l += ll[k];  /*************** log-likelihood *************/
   /* printf("l1=%f l2=%f ",ll[1],ll[2]); */  double func( double *x)
   l= l*ipmx/sw; /* To get the same order of magnitude as if weight=1 for every body */  {
   return -l;    int i, ii, j, k, mi, d, kk;
 }    double l, ll[NLSTATEMAX], cov[NCOVMAX];
     double **out;
     double sw; /* Sum of weights */
 /*********** Maximum Likelihood Estimation ***************/    double lli; /* Individual log likelihood */
     int s1, s2;
 void mlikeli(FILE *ficres,double p[], int npar, int ncovmodel, int nlstate, double ftol, double (*func)(double []))    double bbh;
 {    long ipmx;
   int i,j, iter;    /*extern weight */
   double **xi,*delti;    /* We are differentiating ll according to initial status */
   double fret;    /*  for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) printf("%f ", x[i]);*/
   xi=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);    /*for(i=1;i<imx;i++) 
   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)      printf(" %d\n",s[4][i]);
     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)    */
       xi[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);    cov[1]=1.;
   printf("Powell\n");  
   powell(p,xi,npar,ftol,&iter,&fret,func);    for(k=1; k<=nlstate; k++) ll[k]=0.;
   
    printf("\n#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f\n",iter,func(p));    if(mle==1){
   fprintf(ficres,"#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f \n",iter,func(p));      for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
         for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
 }        for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
           for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
 /**** Computes Hessian and covariance matrix ***/            for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
 void hesscov(double **matcov, double p[], int npar, double delti[], double ftolhess, double (*func)(double []))              oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
 {              savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
   double  **a,**y,*x,pd;            }
   double **hess;          for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
   int i, j,jk;            newm=savm;
   int *indx;            cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
             for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
   double hessii(double p[], double delta, int theta, double delti[]);              cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
   double hessij(double p[], double delti[], int i, int j);            }
   void lubksb(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double b[]) ;          
   void ludcmp(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double *d) ;            out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
                          1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
   hess=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);            savm=oldm;
             oldm=newm;
   printf("\nCalculation of the hessian matrix. Wait...\n");          
   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){          
     printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout);          } /* end mult */
     hess[i][i]=hessii(p,ftolhess,i,delti);        
     /*printf(" %f ",p[i]);*/          /*lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]);*/ /* Original formula */
     /*printf(" %lf ",hess[i][i]);*/          /* But now since version 0.9 we anticipate for bias and large stepm.
   }           * If stepm is larger than one month (smallest stepm) and if the exact delay 
             * (in months) between two waves is not a multiple of stepm, we rounded to 
   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) {           * the nearest (and in case of equal distance, to the lowest) interval but now
     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)  {           * we keep into memory the bias bh[mi][i] and also the previous matrix product
       if (j>i) {           * (i.e to dh[mi][i]-1) saved in 'savm'. The we inter(extra)polate the
         printf(".%d%d",i,j);fflush(stdout);           * probability in order to take into account the bias as a fraction of the way
         hess[i][j]=hessij(p,delti,i,j);           * from savm to out if bh is neagtive or even beyond if bh is positive. bh varies
         hess[j][i]=hess[i][j];               * -stepm/2 to stepm/2 .
         /*printf(" %lf ",hess[i][j]);*/           * For stepm=1 the results are the same as for previous versions of Imach.
       }           * For stepm > 1 the results are less biased than in previous versions. 
     }           */
   }          s1=s[mw[mi][i]][i];
   printf("\n");          s2=s[mw[mi+1][i]][i];
           bbh=(double)bh[mi][i]/(double)stepm;
   printf("\nInverting the hessian to get the covariance matrix. Wait...\n");  
            /*      lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]));*/
   a=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);  
   y=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);          lli= (savm[s1][s2]>(double)1.e-8 ?log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2]- bbh*(savm[s1][s2])):log((1.+bbh)*out[s1][s2])); /* linear interpolation */
   x=vector(1,npar);  
   indx=ivector(1,npar);          /*lli= (savm[s1][s2]>1.e-8 ?(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]):log((1.-bbh)*out[s1][s2]));*/
   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)          /*lli=(1.+bbh)*log(out[s1][s2])- bbh*log(savm[s1][s2]);*/
     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=hess[i][j];          /*if(lli ==000.0)*/
   ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd);          /*printf("bbh= %f lli=%f savm=%f out=%f %d\n",bbh,lli,savm[s1][s2], out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]],i); */
           ipmx +=1;
   for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {          sw += weight[i];
     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0;          ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
     x[j]=1;        } /* end of wave */
     lubksb(a,npar,indx,x);      } /* end of individual */
     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){    }  else{ 
       matcov[i][j]=x[i];      for (i=1,ipmx=0, sw=0.; i<=imx; i++){
     }        for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) cov[2+k]=covar[Tvar[k]][i];
   }        for(mi=1; mi<= wav[i]-1; mi++){
           for (ii=1;ii<=nlstate+ndeath;ii++)
   printf("\n#Hessian matrix#\n");            for (j=1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) {              oldm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {              savm[ii][j]=(ii==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
       printf("%.3e ",hess[i][j]);            }
     }          for(d=0; d<dh[mi][i]; d++){
     printf("\n");            newm=savm;
   }            cov[2]=agev[mw[mi][i]][i]+d*stepm/YEARM;
             for (kk=1; kk<=cptcovage;kk++) {
   /* Recompute Inverse */              cov[Tage[kk]+2]=covar[Tvar[Tage[kk]]][i]*cov[2];
   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)            }
     for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=matcov[i][j];          
   ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd);            out=matprod2(newm,oldm,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath,
                          1,nlstate+ndeath,pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate));
   /*  printf("\n#Hessian matrix recomputed#\n");            savm=oldm;
             oldm=newm;
   for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {          } /* end mult */
     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0;        
     x[j]=1;          lli=log(out[s[mw[mi][i]][i]][s[mw[mi+1][i]][i]]); /* Original formula */
     lubksb(a,npar,indx,x);          ipmx +=1;
     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){          sw += weight[i];
       y[i][j]=x[i];          ll[s[mw[mi][i]][i]] += 2*weight[i]*lli;
       printf("%.3e ",y[i][j]);        } /* end of wave */
     }      } /* end of individual */
     printf("\n");    } /* End of if */
   }    for(k=1,l=0.; k<=nlstate; k++) l += ll[k];
   */    /* printf("l1=%f l2=%f ",ll[1],ll[2]); */
     l= l*ipmx/sw; /* To get the same order of magnitude as if weight=1 for every body */
   free_matrix(a,1,npar,1,npar);    return -l;
   free_matrix(y,1,npar,1,npar);  }
   free_vector(x,1,npar);  
   free_ivector(indx,1,npar);  
   free_matrix(hess,1,npar,1,npar);  /*********** Maximum Likelihood Estimation ***************/
   
   void mlikeli(FILE *ficres,double p[], int npar, int ncovmodel, int nlstate, double ftol, double (*func)(double []))
 }  {
     int i,j, iter;
 /*************** hessian matrix ****************/    double **xi,*delti;
 double hessii( double x[], double delta, int theta, double delti[])    double fret;
 {    xi=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
   int i;    for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
   int l=1, lmax=20;      for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)
   double k1,k2;        xi[i][j]=(i==j ? 1.0 : 0.0);
   double p2[NPARMAX+1];    printf("Powell\n");  fprintf(ficlog,"Powell\n");
   double res;    powell(p,xi,npar,ftol,&iter,&fret,func);
   double delt, delts, nkhi=10.,nkhif=1., khi=1.e-4;  
   double fx;     printf("\n#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f\n",iter,func(p));
   int k=0,kmax=10;    fprintf(ficlog,"#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f \n",iter,func(p));
   double l1;    fprintf(ficres,"#Number of iterations = %d, -2 Log likelihood = %.12f \n",iter,func(p));
   
   fx=func(x);  }
   for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i];  
   for(l=0 ; l <=lmax; l++){  /**** Computes Hessian and covariance matrix ***/
     l1=pow(10,l);  void hesscov(double **matcov, double p[], int npar, double delti[], double ftolhess, double (*func)(double []))
     delts=delt;  {
     for(k=1 ; k <kmax; k=k+1){    double  **a,**y,*x,pd;
       delt = delta*(l1*k);    double **hess;
       p2[theta]=x[theta] +delt;    int i, j,jk;
       k1=func(p2)-fx;    int *indx;
       p2[theta]=x[theta]-delt;  
       k2=func(p2)-fx;    double hessii(double p[], double delta, int theta, double delti[]);
       /*res= (k1-2.0*fx+k2)/delt/delt; */    double hessij(double p[], double delti[], int i, int j);
       res= (k1+k2)/delt/delt/2.; /* Divided by because L and not 2*L */    void lubksb(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double b[]) ;
          void ludcmp(double **a, int npar, int *indx, double *d) ;
 #ifdef DEBUG  
       printf("%d %d k1=%.12e k2=%.12e xk1=%.12e xk2=%.12e delt=%.12e res=%.12e l=%d k=%d,fx=%.12e\n",theta,theta,k1,k2,x[theta]+delt,x[theta]-delt,delt,res, l, k,fx);    hess=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
 #endif  
       /*if(fabs(k1-2.0*fx+k2) <1.e-13){ */    printf("\nCalculation of the hessian matrix. Wait...\n");
       if((k1 <khi/nkhi/2.) || (k2 <khi/nkhi/2.)){    fprintf(ficlog,"\nCalculation of the hessian matrix. Wait...\n");
         k=kmax;    for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){
       }      printf("%d",i);fflush(stdout);
       else if((k1 >khi/nkhif) || (k2 >khi/nkhif)){ /* Keeps lastvalue before 3.84/2 KHI2 5% 1d.f. */      fprintf(ficlog,"%d",i);fflush(ficlog);
         k=kmax; l=lmax*10.;      hess[i][i]=hessii(p,ftolhess,i,delti);
       }      /*printf(" %f ",p[i]);*/
       else if((k1 >khi/nkhi) || (k2 >khi/nkhi)){      /*printf(" %lf ",hess[i][i]);*/
         delts=delt;    }
       }    
     }    for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) {
   }      for (j=1;j<=npar;j++)  {
   delti[theta]=delts;        if (j>i) { 
   return res;          printf(".%d%d",i,j);fflush(stdout);
            fprintf(ficlog,".%d%d",i,j);fflush(ficlog);
 }          hess[i][j]=hessij(p,delti,i,j);
           hess[j][i]=hess[i][j];    
 double hessij( double x[], double delti[], int thetai,int thetaj)          /*printf(" %lf ",hess[i][j]);*/
 {        }
   int i;      }
   int l=1, l1, lmax=20;    }
   double k1,k2,k3,k4,res,fx;    printf("\n");
   double p2[NPARMAX+1];    fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
   int k;  
     printf("\nInverting the hessian to get the covariance matrix. Wait...\n");
   fx=func(x);    fprintf(ficlog,"\nInverting the hessian to get the covariance matrix. Wait...\n");
   for (k=1; k<=2; k++) {    
     for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i];    a=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;    y=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;    x=vector(1,npar);
     k1=func(p2)-fx;    indx=ivector(1,npar);
      for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;      for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=hess[i][j];
     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;    ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd);
     k2=func(p2)-fx;  
      for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;      for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0;
     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;      x[j]=1;
     k3=func(p2)-fx;      lubksb(a,npar,indx,x);
        for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){ 
     p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;        matcov[i][j]=x[i];
     p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;      }
     k4=func(p2)-fx;    }
     res=(k1-k2-k3+k4)/4.0/delti[thetai]*k/delti[thetaj]*k/2.; /* Because of L not 2*L */  
 #ifdef DEBUG    printf("\n#Hessian matrix#\n");
     printf("%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);    fprintf(ficlog,"\n#Hessian matrix#\n");
 #endif    for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) { 
   }      for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) { 
   return res;        printf("%.3e ",hess[i][j]);
 }        fprintf(ficlog,"%.3e ",hess[i][j]);
       }
 /************** Inverse of matrix **************/      printf("\n");
 void ludcmp(double **a, int n, int *indx, double *d)      fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
 {    }
   int i,imax,j,k;  
   double big,dum,sum,temp;    /* Recompute Inverse */
   double *vv;    for (i=1;i<=npar;i++)
        for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) a[i][j]=matcov[i][j];
   vv=vector(1,n);    ludcmp(a,npar,indx,&pd);
   *d=1.0;  
   for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {    /*  printf("\n#Hessian matrix recomputed#\n");
     big=0.0;  
     for (j=1;j<=n;j++)    for (j=1;j<=npar;j++) {
       if ((temp=fabs(a[i][j])) > big) big=temp;      for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) x[i]=0;
     if (big == 0.0) nrerror("Singular matrix in routine ludcmp");      x[j]=1;
     vv[i]=1.0/big;      lubksb(a,npar,indx,x);
   }      for (i=1;i<=npar;i++){ 
   for (j=1;j<=n;j++) {        y[i][j]=x[i];
     for (i=1;i<j;i++) {        printf("%.3e ",y[i][j]);
       sum=a[i][j];        fprintf(ficlog,"%.3e ",y[i][j]);
       for (k=1;k<i;k++) sum -= a[i][k]*a[k][j];      }
       a[i][j]=sum;      printf("\n");
     }      fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
     big=0.0;    }
     for (i=j;i<=n;i++) {    */
       sum=a[i][j];  
       for (k=1;k<j;k++)    free_matrix(a,1,npar,1,npar);
         sum -= a[i][k]*a[k][j];    free_matrix(y,1,npar,1,npar);
       a[i][j]=sum;    free_vector(x,1,npar);
       if ( (dum=vv[i]*fabs(sum)) >= big) {    free_ivector(indx,1,npar);
         big=dum;    free_matrix(hess,1,npar,1,npar);
         imax=i;  
       }  
     }  }
     if (j != imax) {  
       for (k=1;k<=n;k++) {  /*************** hessian matrix ****************/
         dum=a[imax][k];  double hessii( double x[], double delta, int theta, double delti[])
         a[imax][k]=a[j][k];  {
         a[j][k]=dum;    int i;
       }    int l=1, lmax=20;
       *d = -(*d);    double k1,k2;
       vv[imax]=vv[j];    double p2[NPARMAX+1];
     }    double res;
     indx[j]=imax;    double delt, delts, nkhi=10.,nkhif=1., khi=1.e-4;
     if (a[j][j] == 0.0) a[j][j]=TINY;    double fx;
     if (j != n) {    int k=0,kmax=10;
       dum=1.0/(a[j][j]);    double l1;
       for (i=j+1;i<=n;i++) a[i][j] *= dum;  
     }    fx=func(x);
   }    for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i];
   free_vector(vv,1,n);  /* Doesn't work */    for(l=0 ; l <=lmax; l++){
 ;      l1=pow(10,l);
 }      delts=delt;
       for(k=1 ; k <kmax; k=k+1){
 void lubksb(double **a, int n, int *indx, double b[])        delt = delta*(l1*k);
 {        p2[theta]=x[theta] +delt;
   int i,ii=0,ip,j;        k1=func(p2)-fx;
   double sum;        p2[theta]=x[theta]-delt;
          k2=func(p2)-fx;
   for (i=1;i<=n;i++) {        /*res= (k1-2.0*fx+k2)/delt/delt; */
     ip=indx[i];        res= (k1+k2)/delt/delt/2.; /* Divided by because L and not 2*L */
     sum=b[ip];        
     b[ip]=b[i];  #ifdef DEBUG
     if (ii)        printf("%d %d k1=%.12e k2=%.12e xk1=%.12e xk2=%.12e delt=%.12e res=%.12e l=%d k=%d,fx=%.12e\n",theta,theta,k1,k2,x[theta]+delt,x[theta]-delt,delt,res, l, k,fx);
       for (j=ii;j<=i-1;j++) sum -= a[i][j]*b[j];        fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k1=%.12e k2=%.12e xk1=%.12e xk2=%.12e delt=%.12e res=%.12e l=%d k=%d,fx=%.12e\n",theta,theta,k1,k2,x[theta]+delt,x[theta]-delt,delt,res, l, k,fx);
     else if (sum) ii=i;  #endif
     b[i]=sum;        /*if(fabs(k1-2.0*fx+k2) <1.e-13){ */
   }        if((k1 <khi/nkhi/2.) || (k2 <khi/nkhi/2.)){
   for (i=n;i>=1;i--) {          k=kmax;
     sum=b[i];        }
     for (j=i+1;j<=n;j++) sum -= a[i][j]*b[j];        else if((k1 >khi/nkhif) || (k2 >khi/nkhif)){ /* Keeps lastvalue before 3.84/2 KHI2 5% 1d.f. */
     b[i]=sum/a[i][i];          k=kmax; l=lmax*10.;
   }        }
 }        else if((k1 >khi/nkhi) || (k2 >khi/nkhi)){ 
           delts=delt;
 /************ Frequencies ********************/        }
 void  freqsummary(char fileres[], int agemin, int agemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, double dateprev1,double dateprev2,double jprev1, double mprev1,double anprev1,double jprev2, double mprev2,double anprev2)      }
 {  /* Some frequencies */    }
      delti[theta]=delts;
   int i, m, jk, k1,i1, j1, bool, z1,z2,j;    return res; 
   double ***freq; /* Frequencies */    
   double *pp;  }
   double pos, k2, dateintsum=0,k2cpt=0;  
   FILE *ficresp;  double hessij( double x[], double delti[], int thetai,int thetaj)
   char fileresp[FILENAMELENGTH];  {
      int i;
   pp=vector(1,nlstate);    int l=1, l1, lmax=20;
   probs= ma3x(1,AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);    double k1,k2,k3,k4,res,fx;
   strcpy(fileresp,"p");    double p2[NPARMAX+1];
   strcat(fileresp,fileres);    int k;
   if((ficresp=fopen(fileresp,"w"))==NULL) {  
     printf("Problem with prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresp);    fx=func(x);
     exit(0);    for (k=1; k<=2; k++) {
   }      for (i=1;i<=npar;i++) p2[i]=x[i];
   freq= ma3x(-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath,agemin,agemax+3);      p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;
   j1=0;      p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;
        k1=func(p2)-fx;
   j=cptcoveff;    
   if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}      p2[thetai]=x[thetai]+delti[thetai]/k;
        p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;
   for(k1=1; k1<=j;k1++){      k2=func(p2)-fx;
     for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){    
       j1++;      p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;
       /*printf("cptcoveff=%d Tvaraff=%d", cptcoveff,Tvaraff[1]);      p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]+delti[thetaj]/k;
         scanf("%d", i);*/      k3=func(p2)-fx;
       for (i=-1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)      
         for (jk=-1; jk<=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)        p2[thetai]=x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k;
           for(m=agemin; m <= agemax+3; m++)      p2[thetaj]=x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k;
             freq[i][jk][m]=0;      k4=func(p2)-fx;
            res=(k1-k2-k3+k4)/4.0/delti[thetai]*k/delti[thetaj]*k/2.; /* Because of L not 2*L */
       dateintsum=0;  #ifdef DEBUG
       k2cpt=0;      printf("%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
       for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {      fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d k=%d, k1=%.12e k2=%.12e k3=%.12e k4=%.12e delti/k=%.12e deltj/k=%.12e, xi-de/k=%.12e xj-de/k=%.12e  res=%.12e k1234=%.12e,k1-2=%.12e,k3-4=%.12e\n",thetai,thetaj,k,k1,k2,k3,k4,delti[thetai]/k,delti[thetaj]/k,x[thetai]-delti[thetai]/k,x[thetaj]-delti[thetaj]/k, res,k1-k2-k3+k4,k1-k2,k3-k4);
         bool=1;  #endif
         if  (cptcovn>0) {    }
           for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++)    return res;
             if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]])  }
               bool=0;  
         }  /************** Inverse of matrix **************/
         if (bool==1) {  void ludcmp(double **a, int n, int *indx, double *d) 
           for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){  { 
             k2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.);    int i,imax,j,k; 
             if ((k2>=dateprev1) && (k2<=dateprev2)) {    double big,dum,sum,temp; 
               if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=agemax+1;    double *vv; 
               if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=agemax+2;   
               if (m<lastpass) {    vv=vector(1,n); 
                 freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];    *d=1.0; 
                 freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int) agemax+3] += weight[i];    for (i=1;i<=n;i++) { 
               }      big=0.0; 
                    for (j=1;j<=n;j++) 
               if ((agev[m][i]>1) && (agev[m][i]< (agemax+3))) {        if ((temp=fabs(a[i][j])) > big) big=temp; 
                 dateintsum=dateintsum+k2;      if (big == 0.0) nrerror("Singular matrix in routine ludcmp"); 
                 k2cpt++;      vv[i]=1.0/big; 
               }    } 
             }    for (j=1;j<=n;j++) { 
           }      for (i=1;i<j;i++) { 
         }        sum=a[i][j]; 
       }        for (k=1;k<i;k++) sum -= a[i][k]*a[k][j]; 
                a[i][j]=sum; 
       fprintf(ficresp, "#Count between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2);      } 
       big=0.0; 
       if  (cptcovn>0) {      for (i=j;i<=n;i++) { 
         fprintf(ficresp, "\n#********** Variable ");        sum=a[i][j]; 
         for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresp, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);        for (k=1;k<j;k++) 
         fprintf(ficresp, "**********\n#");          sum -= a[i][k]*a[k][j]; 
       }        a[i][j]=sum; 
       for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)        if ( (dum=vv[i]*fabs(sum)) >= big) { 
         fprintf(ficresp, " Age Prev(%d) N(%d) N",i,i);          big=dum; 
       fprintf(ficresp, "\n");          imax=i; 
              } 
       for(i=(int)agemin; i <= (int)agemax+3; i++){      } 
         if(i==(int)agemax+3)      if (j != imax) { 
           printf("Total");        for (k=1;k<=n;k++) { 
         else          dum=a[imax][k]; 
           printf("Age %d", i);          a[imax][k]=a[j][k]; 
         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){          a[j][k]=dum; 
           for(m=-1, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath ; m++)        } 
             pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];        *d = -(*d); 
         }        vv[imax]=vv[j]; 
         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){      } 
           for(m=-1, pos=0; m <=0 ; m++)      indx[j]=imax; 
             pos += freq[jk][m][i];      if (a[j][j] == 0.0) a[j][j]=TINY; 
           if(pp[jk]>=1.e-10)      if (j != n) { 
             printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pos/pp[jk]);        dum=1.0/(a[j][j]); 
           else        for (i=j+1;i<=n;i++) a[i][j] *= dum; 
             printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);      } 
         }    } 
     free_vector(vv,1,n);  /* Doesn't work */
         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){  ;
           for(m=0, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)  } 
             pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];  
         }  void lubksb(double **a, int n, int *indx, double b[]) 
   { 
         for(jk=1,pos=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++)    int i,ii=0,ip,j; 
           pos += pp[jk];    double sum; 
         for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){   
           if(pos>=1.e-5)    for (i=1;i<=n;i++) { 
             printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pp[jk]/pos);      ip=indx[i]; 
           else      sum=b[ip]; 
             printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);      b[ip]=b[i]; 
           if( i <= (int) agemax){      if (ii) 
             if(pos>=1.e-5){        for (j=ii;j<=i-1;j++) sum -= a[i][j]*b[j]; 
               fprintf(ficresp," %d %.5f %.0f %.0f",i,pp[jk]/pos, pp[jk],pos);      else if (sum) ii=i; 
               probs[i][jk][j1]= pp[jk]/pos;      b[i]=sum; 
               /*printf("\ni=%d jk=%d j1=%d %.5f %.0f %.0f %f",i,jk,j1,pp[jk]/pos, pp[jk],pos,probs[i][jk][j1]);*/    } 
             }    for (i=n;i>=1;i--) { 
             else      sum=b[i]; 
               fprintf(ficresp," %d NaNq %.0f %.0f",i,pp[jk],pos);      for (j=i+1;j<=n;j++) sum -= a[i][j]*b[j]; 
           }      b[i]=sum/a[i][i]; 
         }    } 
          } 
         for(jk=-1; jk <=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)  
           for(m=-1; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)  /************ Frequencies ********************/
             if(freq[jk][m][i] !=0 ) printf(" %d%d=%.0f",jk,m,freq[jk][m][i]);  void  freqsummary(char fileres[], int agemin, int agemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, int *Tvaraff, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, double dateprev1,double dateprev2,double jprev1, double mprev1,double anprev1,double jprev2, double mprev2,double anprev2)
         if(i <= (int) agemax)  {  /* Some frequencies */
           fprintf(ficresp,"\n");    
         printf("\n");    int i, m, jk, k1,i1, j1, bool, z1,z2,j;
       }    int first;
     }    double ***freq; /* Frequencies */
   }    double *pp;
   dateintmean=dateintsum/k2cpt;    double pos, k2, dateintsum=0,k2cpt=0;
      FILE *ficresp;
   fclose(ficresp);    char fileresp[FILENAMELENGTH];
   free_ma3x(freq,-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath,(int) agemin,(int) agemax+3);    
   free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);    pp=vector(1,nlstate);
      probs= ma3x(1,AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
   /* End of Freq */    strcpy(fileresp,"p");
 }    strcat(fileresp,fileres);
     if((ficresp=fopen(fileresp,"w"))==NULL) {
 /************ Prevalence ********************/      printf("Problem with prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresp);
 void prevalence(int agemin, float agemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, double dateprev1,double dateprev2, double calagedate)      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with prevalence resultfile: %s\n", fileresp);
 {  /* Some frequencies */      exit(0);
      }
   int i, m, jk, k1, i1, j1, bool, z1,z2,j;    freq= ma3x(-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath,agemin,agemax+3);
   double ***freq; /* Frequencies */    j1=0;
   double *pp;    
   double pos, k2;    j=cptcoveff;
     if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
   pp=vector(1,nlstate);  
   probs= ma3x(1,AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);    first=1;
    
   freq=ma3x(-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath,agemin,agemax+3);    for(k1=1; k1<=j;k1++){
   j1=0;      for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
          j1++;
   j=cptcoveff;        /*printf("cptcoveff=%d Tvaraff=%d", cptcoveff,Tvaraff[1]);
   if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}          scanf("%d", i);*/
          for (i=-1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)  
  for(k1=1; k1<=j;k1++){          for (jk=-1; jk<=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)  
     for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){            for(m=agemin; m <= agemax+3; m++)
       j1++;              freq[i][jk][m]=0;
          
       for (i=-1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)          dateintsum=0;
         for (jk=-1; jk<=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)          k2cpt=0;
           for(m=agemin; m <= agemax+3; m++)        for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
             freq[i][jk][m]=0;          bool=1;
                if  (cptcovn>0) {
       for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {            for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) 
         bool=1;              if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]) 
         if  (cptcovn>0) {                bool=0;
           for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++)          }
             if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]])          if (bool==1){
               bool=0;            for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){
         }              k2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.);
         if (bool==1) {              if ((k2>=dateprev1) && (k2<=dateprev2)) {
           for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){                if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=agemax+1;
             k2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.);                if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=agemax+2;
             if ((k2>=dateprev1) && (k2<=dateprev2)) {                if (m<lastpass) {
               if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=agemax+1;                  freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
               if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=agemax+2;                  freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int) agemax+3] += weight[i];
               if (m<lastpass)                }
                 if (calagedate>0) freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int)(agev[m][i]+1-((int)calagedate %12)/12.)] += weight[i];                
               else                if ((agev[m][i]>1) && (agev[m][i]< (agemax+3))) {
                freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];                  dateintsum=dateintsum+k2;
                freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int)(agemax+3)] += weight[i];                  k2cpt++;
             }                }
           }              }
         }            }
       }          }
         for(i=(int)agemin; i <= (int)agemax+3; i++){        }
           for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){         
             for(m=-1, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath ; m++)        fprintf(ficresp, "#Count between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2);
               pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];  
           }        if  (cptcovn>0) {
           for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){          fprintf(ficresp, "\n#********** Variable "); 
             for(m=-1, pos=0; m <=0 ; m++)          for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresp, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
             pos += freq[jk][m][i];          fprintf(ficresp, "**********\n#");
         }        }
                for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) 
          for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){          fprintf(ficresp, " Age Prev(%d) N(%d) N",i,i);
            for(m=0, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)        fprintf(ficresp, "\n");
              pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];        
          }        for(i=(int)agemin; i <= (int)agemax+3; i++){
                    if(i==(int)agemax+3){
          for(jk=1,pos=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++) pos += pp[jk];            fprintf(ficlog,"Total");
           }else{
          for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){                      if(first==1){
            if( i <= (int) agemax){              first=0;
              if(pos>=1.e-5){              printf("See log file for details...\n");
                probs[i][jk][j1]= pp[jk]/pos;            }
              }            fprintf(ficlog,"Age %d", i);
            }          }
          }          for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
                      for(m=-1, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath ; m++)
         }              pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i]; 
     }          }
   }          for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
             for(m=-1, pos=0; m <=0 ; m++)
                pos += freq[jk][m][i];
   free_ma3x(freq,-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath,(int) agemin,(int) agemax+3);            if(pp[jk]>=1.e-10){
   free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);              if(first==1){
                printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pos/pp[jk]);
 }  /* End of Freq */              }
               fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pos/pp[jk]);
 /************* Waves Concatenation ***************/            }else{
               if(first==1)
 void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int **mw, int **s, double *agedc, double **agev, int  firstpass, int lastpass, int imx, int nlstate, int stepm)                printf(" %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
 {              fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f loss[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
   /* Concatenates waves: wav[i] is the number of effective (useful waves) of individual i.            }
      Death is a valid wave (if date is known).          }
      mw[mi][i] is the mi (mi=1 to wav[i])  effective wave of individual i  
      dh[m][i] of dh[mw[mi][i][i] is the delay between two effective waves m=mw[mi][i]          for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
      and mw[mi+1][i]. dh depends on stepm.            for(m=0, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)
      */              pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];
           }
   int i, mi, m;  
   /* int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl,jmin=1e+5, jmax=-1;          for(jk=1,pos=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++)
      double sum=0., jmean=0.;*/            pos += pp[jk];
           for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
   int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl;            if(pos>=1.e-5){
   double sum=0.;              if(first==1)
   jmin=1e+5;                printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pp[jk]/pos);
   jmax=-1;              fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=%.1f%%",jk,pp[jk],jk,100*pp[jk]/pos);
   jmean=0.;            }else{
   for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){              if(first==1)
     mi=0;                printf(" %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
     m=firstpass;              fprintf(ficlog," %d.=%.0f prev[%d]=NaNQ%%",jk,pp[jk],jk);
     while(s[m][i] <= nlstate){            }
       if(s[m][i]>=1)            if( i <= (int) agemax){
         mw[++mi][i]=m;              if(pos>=1.e-5){
       if(m >=lastpass)                fprintf(ficresp," %d %.5f %.0f %.0f",i,pp[jk]/pos, pp[jk],pos);
         break;                probs[i][jk][j1]= pp[jk]/pos;
       else                /*printf("\ni=%d jk=%d j1=%d %.5f %.0f %.0f %f",i,jk,j1,pp[jk]/pos, pp[jk],pos,probs[i][jk][j1]);*/
         m++;              }
     }/* end while */              else
     if (s[m][i] > nlstate){                fprintf(ficresp," %d NaNq %.0f %.0f",i,pp[jk],pos);
       mi++;     /* Death is another wave */            }
       /* if(mi==0)  never been interviewed correctly before death */          }
          /* Only death is a correct wave */          
       mw[mi][i]=m;          for(jk=-1; jk <=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)
     }            for(m=-1; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)
               if(freq[jk][m][i] !=0 ) {
     wav[i]=mi;              if(first==1)
     if(mi==0)                printf(" %d%d=%.0f",jk,m,freq[jk][m][i]);
       printf("Warning, no any valid information for:%d line=%d\n",num[i],i);                fprintf(ficlog," %d%d=%.0f",jk,m,freq[jk][m][i]);
   }              }
           if(i <= (int) agemax)
   for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){            fprintf(ficresp,"\n");
     for(mi=1; mi<wav[i];mi++){          if(first==1)
       if (stepm <=0)            printf("Others in log...\n");
         dh[mi][i]=1;          fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
       else{        }
         if (s[mw[mi+1][i]][i] > nlstate) {      }
           if (agedc[i] < 2*AGESUP) {    }
           j= rint(agedc[i]*12-agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12);    dateintmean=dateintsum/k2cpt; 
           if(j==0) j=1;  /* Survives at least one month after exam */   
           k=k+1;    fclose(ficresp);
           if (j >= jmax) jmax=j;    free_ma3x(freq,-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath,(int) agemin,(int) agemax+3);
           if (j <= jmin) jmin=j;    free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);
           sum=sum+j;    
           /*if (j<0) printf("j=%d num=%d \n",j,i); */    /* End of Freq */
           }  }
         }  
         else{  /************ Prevalence ********************/
           j= rint( (agev[mw[mi+1][i]][i]*12 - agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12));  void prevalence(int agemin, float agemax, int **s, double **agev, int nlstate, int imx, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax,double **mint,double **anint, double dateprev1,double dateprev2, double calagedate)
           k=k+1;  {  /* Some frequencies */
           if (j >= jmax) jmax=j;   
           else if (j <= jmin)jmin=j;    int i, m, jk, k1, i1, j1, bool, z1,z2,j;
           /*        if (j<10) printf("j=%d jmin=%d num=%d ",j,jmin,i); */    double ***freq; /* Frequencies */
           sum=sum+j;    double *pp;
         }    double pos, k2;
         jk= j/stepm;  
         jl= j -jk*stepm;    pp=vector(1,nlstate);
         ju= j -(jk+1)*stepm;    
         if(jl <= -ju)    freq=ma3x(-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath,agemin,agemax+3);
           dh[mi][i]=jk;    j1=0;
         else    
           dh[mi][i]=jk+1;    j=cptcoveff;
         if(dh[mi][i]==0)    if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
           dh[mi][i]=1; /* At least one step */    
       }    for(k1=1; k1<=j;k1++){
     }      for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
   }        j1++;
   jmean=sum/k;        
   printf("Delay (in months) between two waves Min=%d Max=%d Mean=%f\n\n ",jmin, jmax,jmean);        for (i=-1; i<=nlstate+ndeath; i++)  
  }          for (jk=-1; jk<=nlstate+ndeath; jk++)  
 /*********** Tricode ****************************/            for(m=agemin; m <= agemax+3; m++)
 void tricode(int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int imx)              freq[i][jk][m]=0;
 {       
   int Ndum[20],ij=1, k, j, i;        for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
   int cptcode=0;          bool=1;
   cptcoveff=0;          if  (cptcovn>0) {
              for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) 
   for (k=0; k<19; k++) Ndum[k]=0;              if (covar[Tvaraff[z1]][i]!= nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]) 
   for (k=1; k<=7; k++) ncodemax[k]=0;                bool=0;
           } 
   for (j=1; j<=(cptcovn+2*cptcovprod); j++) {          if (bool==1) { 
     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {            for(m=firstpass; m<=lastpass; m++){
       ij=(int)(covar[Tvar[j]][i]);              k2=anint[m][i]+(mint[m][i]/12.);
       Ndum[ij]++;              if ((k2>=dateprev1) && (k2<=dateprev2)) {
       /*printf("i=%d ij=%d Ndum[ij]=%d imx=%d",i,ij,Ndum[ij],imx);*/                if(agev[m][i]==0) agev[m][i]=agemax+1;
       if (ij > cptcode) cptcode=ij;                if(agev[m][i]==1) agev[m][i]=agemax+2;
     }                if (m<lastpass) {
                   if (calagedate>0) 
     for (i=0; i<=cptcode; i++) {                    freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int)(agev[m][i]+1-((int)calagedate %12)/12.)] += weight[i];
       if(Ndum[i]!=0) ncodemax[j]++;                  else
     }                    freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int)agev[m][i]] += weight[i];
     ij=1;                  freq[s[m][i]][s[m+1][i]][(int)(agemax+3)] += weight[i]; 
                 }
               }
     for (i=1; i<=ncodemax[j]; i++) {            }
       for (k=0; k<=19; k++) {          }
         if (Ndum[k] != 0) {        }
           nbcode[Tvar[j]][ij]=k;        for(i=(int)agemin; i <= (int)agemax+3; i++){ 
                    for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
           ij++;            for(m=-1, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath ; m++)
         }              pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i]; 
         if (ij > ncodemax[j]) break;          }
       }            for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
     }            for(m=-1, pos=0; m <=0 ; m++)
   }                pos += freq[jk][m][i];
           }
  for (k=0; k<19; k++) Ndum[k]=0;          
           for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){
  for (i=1; i<=ncovmodel-2; i++) {            for(m=0, pp[jk]=0; m <=nlstate+ndeath; m++)
       ij=Tvar[i];              pp[jk] += freq[jk][m][i];
       Ndum[ij]++;          }
     }          
           for(jk=1,pos=0; jk <=nlstate ; jk++) pos += pp[jk];
  ij=1;          
  for (i=1; i<=10; i++) {          for(jk=1; jk <=nlstate ; jk++){    
    if((Ndum[i]!=0) && (i<=ncovcol)){            if( i <= (int) agemax){
      Tvaraff[ij]=i;              if(pos>=1.e-5){
      ij++;                probs[i][jk][j1]= pp[jk]/pos;
    }              }
  }            }
            }/* end jk */
     cptcoveff=ij-1;        }/* end i */
 }      } /* end i1 */
     } /* end k1 */
 /*********** Health Expectancies ****************/  
     
 void evsij(char fileres[], double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int ij, int estepm,double delti[],double **matcov )    free_ma3x(freq,-1,nlstate+ndeath,-1,nlstate+ndeath,(int) agemin,(int) agemax+3);
     free_vector(pp,1,nlstate);
 {    
   /* Health expectancies */  }  /* End of Freq */
   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm, k, cptj;  
   double age, agelim, hf;  /************* Waves Concatenation ***************/
   double ***p3mat,***varhe;  
   double **dnewm,**doldm;  void  concatwav(int wav[], int **dh, int **bh,  int **mw, int **s, double *agedc, double **agev, int  firstpass, int lastpass, int imx, int nlstate, int stepm)
   double *xp;  {
   double **gp, **gm;    /* Concatenates waves: wav[i] is the number of effective (useful waves) of individual i.
   double ***gradg, ***trgradg;       Death is a valid wave (if date is known).
   int theta;       mw[mi][i] is the mi (mi=1 to wav[i])  effective wave of individual i
        dh[m][i] or dh[mw[mi][i]][i] is the delay between two effective waves m=mw[mi][i]
   varhe=ma3x(1,nlstate*2,1,nlstate*2,(int) bage, (int) fage);       and mw[mi+1][i]. dh depends on stepm.
   xp=vector(1,npar);       */
   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate*2,1,npar);  
   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate*2,1,nlstate*2);    int i, mi, m;
      /* int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl,jmin=1e+5, jmax=-1;
   fprintf(ficreseij,"# Health expectancies\n");       double sum=0., jmean=0.;*/
   fprintf(ficreseij,"# Age");    int first;
   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)    int j, k=0,jk, ju, jl;
     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)    double sum=0.;
       fprintf(ficreseij," %1d-%1d (SE)",i,j);    first=0;
   fprintf(ficreseij,"\n");    jmin=1e+5;
     jmax=-1;
   if(estepm < stepm){    jmean=0.;
     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);    for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){
   }      mi=0;
   else  hstepm=estepm;        m=firstpass;
   /* We compute the life expectancy from trapezoids spaced every estepm months      while(s[m][i] <= nlstate){
    * This is mainly to measure the difference between two models: for example        if(s[m][i]>=1)
    * if stepm=24 months pijx are given only every 2 years and by summing them          mw[++mi][i]=m;
    * we are calculating an estimate of the Life Expectancy assuming a linear        if(m >=lastpass)
    * progression inbetween and thus overestimating or underestimating according          break;
    * to the curvature of the survival function. If, for the same date, we        else
    * estimate the model with stepm=1 month, we can keep estepm to 24 months          m++;
    * to compare the new estimate of Life expectancy with the same linear      }/* end while */
    * hypothesis. A more precise result, taking into account a more precise      if (s[m][i] > nlstate){
    * curvature will be obtained if estepm is as small as stepm. */        mi++;     /* Death is another wave */
         /* if(mi==0)  never been interviewed correctly before death */
   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */           /* Only death is a correct wave */
   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm.        mw[mi][i]=m;
      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim      }
      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin.  
      Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size      wav[i]=mi;
      and note for a fixed period like estepm months */      if(mi==0){
   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the        if(first==0){
      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it          printf("Warning, no any valid information for:%d line=%d and may be others, see log file\n",num[i],i);
      means that if the survival funtion is printed only each two years of age and if          first=1;
      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same        }
      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.        if(first==1){
   */          fprintf(ficlog,"Warning, no any valid information for:%d line=%d\n",num[i],i);
   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */        }
       } /* end mi==0 */
   agelim=AGESUP;    }
   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */  
     /* nhstepm age range expressed in number of stepm */    for(i=1; i<=imx; i++){
     nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm);      for(mi=1; mi<wav[i];mi++){
     /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */        if (stepm <=0)
     /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/          dh[mi][i]=1;
     nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */        else{
     p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);          if (s[mw[mi+1][i]][i] > nlstate) {
     gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate*2);            if (agedc[i] < 2*AGESUP) {
     gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*2);            j= rint(agedc[i]*12-agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12); 
     gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*2);            if(j==0) j=1;  /* Survives at least one month after exam */
             k=k+1;
     /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepm matrices, stored            if (j >= jmax) jmax=j;
        in an array of nhstepm length: nhstepm=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */            if (j <= jmin) jmin=j;
     hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, ij);              sum=sum+j;
              /*if (j<0) printf("j=%d num=%d \n",j,i); */
             }
     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */          }
           else{
     /* Computing Variances of health expectancies */            j= rint( (agev[mw[mi+1][i]][i]*12 - agev[mw[mi][i]][i]*12));
             k=k+1;
      for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){            if (j >= jmax) jmax=j;
       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){            else if (j <= jmin)jmin=j;
         xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);            /*        if (j<10) printf("j=%d jmin=%d num=%d ",j,jmin,i); */
       }            sum=sum+j;
       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);            }
            jk= j/stepm;
       cptj=0;          jl= j -jk*stepm;
       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){          ju= j -(jk+1)*stepm;
         for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++){          if(jl <= -ju){
           cptj=cptj+1;            dh[mi][i]=jk;
           for(h=0, gp[h][cptj]=0.; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){            bh[mi][i]=jl;
             gp[h][cptj] = (p3mat[i][j][h]+p3mat[i][j][h+1])/2.;          }
           }          else{
         }            dh[mi][i]=jk+1;
       }            bh[mi][i]=ju;
                }
                if(dh[mi][i]==0){
       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)            dh[mi][i]=1; /* At least one step */
         xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);            bh[mi][i]=ju; /* At least one step */
       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);              printf(" bh=%d ju=%d jl=%d dh=%d jk=%d stepm=%d %d\n",bh[mi][i],ju,jl,dh[mi][i],jk,stepm,i);
                }
       cptj=0;          if(i==298 || i==287 || i==763 ||i==1061)printf(" bh=%d ju=%d jl=%d dh=%d jk=%d stepm=%d",bh[mi][i],ju,jl,dh[mi][i],jk,stepm);
       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){        }
         for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++){      }
           cptj=cptj+1;    }
           for(h=0, gm[h][cptj]=0.; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){    jmean=sum/k;
             gm[h][cptj] = (p3mat[i][j][h]+p3mat[i][j][h+1])/2.;    printf("Delay (in months) between two waves Min=%d Max=%d Mean=%f\n\n ",jmin, jmax,jmean);
           }    fprintf(ficlog,"Delay (in months) between two waves Min=%d Max=%d Mean=%f\n\n ",jmin, jmax,jmean);
         }   }
       }  
        /*********** Tricode ****************************/
      void tricode(int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int imx)
   {
       for(j=1; j<= nlstate*2; j++)    
         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){    int Ndum[20],ij=1, k, j, i, maxncov=19;
           gradg[h][theta][j]= (gp[h][j]-gm[h][j])/2./delti[theta];    int cptcode=0;
         }    cptcoveff=0; 
    
      }    for (k=0; k<maxncov; k++) Ndum[k]=0;
        for (k=1; k<=7; k++) ncodemax[k]=0;
 /* End theta */  
     for (j=1; j<=(cptcovn+2*cptcovprod); j++) {
      trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*2,1,npar);      for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) { /*reads the data file to get the maximum 
                                  modality*/ 
      for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++)        ij=(int)(covar[Tvar[j]][i]); /* ij is the modality of this individual*/
       for(j=1; j<=nlstate*2;j++)        Ndum[ij]++; /*store the modality */
         for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)        /*printf("i=%d ij=%d Ndum[ij]=%d imx=%d",i,ij,Ndum[ij],imx);*/
         trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];        if (ij > cptcode) cptcode=ij; /* getting the maximum of covariable 
                                          Tvar[j]. If V=sex and male is 0 and 
                                          female is 1, then  cptcode=1.*/
      for(i=1;i<=nlstate*2;i++)      }
       for(j=1;j<=nlstate*2;j++)  
         varhe[i][j][(int)age] =0.;      for (i=0; i<=cptcode; i++) {
         if(Ndum[i]!=0) ncodemax[j]++; /* Nomber of modalities of the j th covariates. In fact ncodemax[j]=2 (dichotom. variables) but it can be more */
     for(h=0;h<=nhstepm-1;h++){      }
       for(k=0;k<=nhstepm-1;k++){  
         matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate*2,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);      ij=1; 
         matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate*2,1,npar,1,nlstate*2,gradg[k]);      for (i=1; i<=ncodemax[j]; i++) {
         for(i=1;i<=nlstate*2;i++)        for (k=0; k<= maxncov; k++) {
           for(j=1;j<=nlstate*2;j++)          if (Ndum[k] != 0) {
             varhe[i][j][(int)age] += doldm[i][j]*hf*hf;            nbcode[Tvar[j]][ij]=k; 
       }            /* store the modality in an array. k is a modality. If we have model=V1+V1*sex then: nbcode[1][1]=0 ; nbcode[1][2]=1; nbcode[2][1]=0 ; nbcode[2][2]=1; */
     }            
             ij++;
                }
     /* Computing expectancies */          if (ij > ncodemax[j]) break; 
     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)        }  
       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)      } 
         for (h=0, eij[i][j][(int)age]=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){    }  
           eij[i][j][(int)age] += (p3mat[i][j][h]+p3mat[i][j][h+1])/2.0*hf;  
             for (k=0; k< maxncov; k++) Ndum[k]=0;
 /* if((int)age==70)printf("i=%2d,j=%2d,h=%2d,age=%3d,%9.4f,%9.4f,%9.4f\n",i,j,h,(int)age,p3mat[i][j][h],hf,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/  
    for (i=1; i<=ncovmodel-2; i++) { 
         }     /* Listing of all covariables in staement model to see if some covariates appear twice. For example, V1 appears twice in V1+V1*V2.*/
      ij=Tvar[i];
     fprintf(ficreseij,"%3.0f",age );     Ndum[ij]++;
     cptj=0;   }
     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)  
       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){   ij=1;
         cptj++;   for (i=1; i<= maxncov; i++) {
         fprintf(ficreseij," %9.4f (%.4f)", eij[i][j][(int)age], sqrt(varhe[cptj][cptj][(int)age]) );     if((Ndum[i]!=0) && (i<=ncovcol)){
       }       Tvaraff[ij]=i; /*For printing */
     fprintf(ficreseij,"\n");       ij++;
         }
     free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*2);   }
     free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*2);   
     free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate*2);   cptcoveff=ij-1; /*Number of simple covariates*/
     free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*2,1,npar);  }
     free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);  
   }  /*********** Health Expectancies ****************/
   free_vector(xp,1,npar);  
   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate*2,1,npar);  void evsij(char fileres[], double ***eij, double x[], int nlstate, int stepm, int bage, int fage, double **oldm, double **savm, int ij, int estepm,double delti[],double **matcov )
   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate*2,1,nlstate*2);  
   free_ma3x(varhe,1,nlstate*2,1,nlstate*2,(int) bage, (int)fage);  {
 }    /* Health expectancies */
     int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm, k, cptj;
 /************ Variance ******************/    double age, agelim, hf;
 void varevsij(char fileres[], double ***vareij, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij, int estepm)    double ***p3mat,***varhe;
 {    double **dnewm,**doldm;
   /* Variance of health expectancies */    double *xp;
   /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double ** savm,double ftolpl);*/    double **gp, **gm;
   double **newm;    double ***gradg, ***trgradg;
   double **dnewm,**doldm;    int theta;
   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm ;  
   int k, cptcode;    varhe=ma3x(1,nlstate*2,1,nlstate*2,(int) bage, (int) fage);
   double *xp;    xp=vector(1,npar);
   double **gp, **gm;    dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate*2,1,npar);
   double ***gradg, ***trgradg;    doldm=matrix(1,nlstate*2,1,nlstate*2);
   double ***p3mat;    
   double age,agelim, hf;    fprintf(ficreseij,"# Health expectancies\n");
   int theta;    fprintf(ficreseij,"# Age");
     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
    fprintf(ficresvij,"# Covariances of life expectancies\n");      for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
   fprintf(ficresvij,"# Age");        fprintf(ficreseij," %1d-%1d (SE)",i,j);
   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)    fprintf(ficreseij,"\n");
     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)  
       fprintf(ficresvij," Cov(e%1d, e%1d)",i,j);    if(estepm < stepm){
   fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");      printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
     }
   xp=vector(1,npar);    else  hstepm=estepm;   
   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);    /* We compute the life expectancy from trapezoids spaced every estepm months
   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);     * This is mainly to measure the difference between two models: for example
       * if stepm=24 months pijx are given only every 2 years and by summing them
   if(estepm < stepm){     * we are calculating an estimate of the Life Expectancy assuming a linear 
     printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);     * progression inbetween and thus overestimating or underestimating according
   }     * to the curvature of the survival function. If, for the same date, we 
   else  hstepm=estepm;       * estimate the model with stepm=1 month, we can keep estepm to 24 months
   /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */     * to compare the new estimate of Life expectancy with the same linear 
   /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm.     * hypothesis. A more precise result, taking into account a more precise
      nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim     * curvature will be obtained if estepm is as small as stepm. */
      nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin.  
      Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size    /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
      and note for a fixed period like k years */    /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm. 
   /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the       nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim 
      survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it       nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin. 
      means that if the survival funtion is printed only each two years of age and if       Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size
      you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same       and note for a fixed period like estepm months */
      results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.    /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
   */       survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */       means that if the survival funtion is printed only each two years of age and if
   agelim = AGESUP;       you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same 
   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */       results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
     nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */    */
     nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */    hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */ 
     p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);  
     gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);    agelim=AGESUP;
     gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);    for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
     gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);      /* nhstepm age range expressed in number of stepm */
       nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); 
     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){      /* Typically if 20 years nstepm = 20*12/6=40 stepm */ 
       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient */      /* if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;*/
         xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);      nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
       }      p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);        gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate*2);
       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);      gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*2);
       gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*2);
       if (popbased==1) {  
         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)      /* Computed by stepm unit matrices, product of hstepm matrices, stored
           prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];         in an array of nhstepm length: nhstepm=10, hstepm=4, stepm=6 months */
       }      hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm, savm, ij);  
     
       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){  
         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){      hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
           for(i=1, gp[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)  
             gp[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];      /* Computing Variances of health expectancies */
         }  
       }       for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
            for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ 
       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient */          xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
         xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);        }
       hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);          hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);  
       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);    
          cptj=0;
       if (popbased==1) {        for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
         for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)          for(i=1; i<=nlstate; i++){
           prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];            cptj=cptj+1;
       }            for(h=0, gp[h][cptj]=0.; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
               gp[h][cptj] = (p3mat[i][j][h]+p3mat[i][j][h+1])/2.;
       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){            }
         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){          }
           for(i=1, gm[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)        }
             gm[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];       
         }       
       }        for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) 
           xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
       for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++)        hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);  
         for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){        
           gradg[h][theta][j]= (gp[h][j]-gm[h][j])/2./delti[theta];        cptj=0;
         }        for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
     } /* End theta */          for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++){
             cptj=cptj+1;
     trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar);            for(h=0, gm[h][cptj]=0.; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
               gm[h][cptj] = (p3mat[i][j][h]+p3mat[i][j][h+1])/2.;
     for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++)            }
       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)          }
         for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)        }
           trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];        for(j=1; j<= nlstate*2; j++)
           for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
     hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */            gradg[h][theta][j]= (gp[h][j]-gm[h][j])/2./delti[theta];
     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)          }
       for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)       } 
         vareij[i][j][(int)age] =0.;     
   /* End theta */
     for(h=0;h<=nhstepm;h++){  
       for(k=0;k<=nhstepm;k++){       trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*2,1,npar);
         matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);  
         matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg[k]);       for(h=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++)
         for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)        for(j=1; j<=nlstate*2;j++)
           for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)          for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
             vareij[i][j][(int)age] += doldm[i][j]*hf*hf;            trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];
       }       
     }  
        for(i=1;i<=nlstate*2;i++)
     fprintf(ficresvij,"%.0f ",age );        for(j=1;j<=nlstate*2;j++)
     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)          varhe[i][j][(int)age] =0.;
       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){  
         fprintf(ficresvij," %.4f", vareij[i][j][(int)age]);       printf("%d|",(int)age);fflush(stdout);
       }       fprintf(ficlog,"%d|",(int)age);fflush(ficlog);
     fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");       for(h=0;h<=nhstepm-1;h++){
     free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);        for(k=0;k<=nhstepm-1;k++){
     free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);          matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate*2,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
     free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);          matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate*2,1,npar,1,nlstate*2,gradg[k]);
     free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar);          for(i=1;i<=nlstate*2;i++)
     free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);            for(j=1;j<=nlstate*2;j++)
   } /* End age */              varhe[i][j][(int)age] += doldm[i][j]*hf*hf;
          }
   free_vector(xp,1,npar);      }
   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,npar);      /* Computing expectancies */
   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
         for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
 }          for (h=0, eij[i][j][(int)age]=0; h<=nhstepm-1; h++){
             eij[i][j][(int)age] += (p3mat[i][j][h]+p3mat[i][j][h+1])/2.0*hf;
 /************ Variance of prevlim ******************/            
 void varprevlim(char fileres[], double **varpl, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij)  /* if((int)age==70)printf("i=%2d,j=%2d,h=%2d,age=%3d,%9.4f,%9.4f,%9.4f\n",i,j,h,(int)age,p3mat[i][j][h],hf,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
 {  
   /* Variance of prevalence limit */          }
   /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double ** savm,double ftolpl);*/  
   double **newm;      fprintf(ficreseij,"%3.0f",age );
   double **dnewm,**doldm;      cptj=0;
   int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm;      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
   int k, cptcode;        for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
   double *xp;          cptj++;
   double *gp, *gm;          fprintf(ficreseij," %9.4f (%.4f)", eij[i][j][(int)age], sqrt(varhe[cptj][cptj][(int)age]) );
   double **gradg, **trgradg;        }
   double age,agelim;      fprintf(ficreseij,"\n");
   int theta;     
          free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*2);
   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Standard deviation of prevalences limit\n");      free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*2);
   fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Age");      free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate*2);
   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)      free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate*2,1,npar);
       fprintf(ficresvpl," %1d-%1d",i,i);      free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
   fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");    }
     printf("\n");
   xp=vector(1,npar);    fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
   dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);  
   doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);    free_vector(xp,1,npar);
      free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate*2,1,npar);
   hstepm=1*YEARM; /* Every year of age */    free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate*2,1,nlstate*2);
   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if j= 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */    free_ma3x(varhe,1,nlstate*2,1,nlstate*2,(int) bage, (int)fage);
   agelim = AGESUP;  }
   for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */  
     nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */  /************ Variance ******************/
     if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;  void varevsij(char optionfilefiname[], double ***vareij, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij, int estepm, int cptcov, int cptcod, int popbased, int mobilav)
     nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */  {
     gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,nlstate);    /* Variance of health expectancies */
     gp=vector(1,nlstate);    /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double ** savm,double ftolpl);*/
     gm=vector(1,nlstate);    /* double **newm;*/
     double **dnewm,**doldm;
     for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){    double **dnewmp,**doldmp;
       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient */    int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm, h, nstepm ;
         xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);    int k, cptcode;
       }    double *xp;
       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);    double **gp, **gm;  /* for var eij */
       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)    double ***gradg, ***trgradg; /*for var eij */
         gp[i] = prlim[i][i];    double **gradgp, **trgradgp; /* for var p point j */
        double *gpp, *gmp; /* for var p point j */
       for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient */    double **varppt; /* for var p point j nlstate to nlstate+ndeath */
         xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);    double ***p3mat;
       prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);    double age,agelim, hf;
       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)    double ***mobaverage;
         gm[i] = prlim[i][i];    int theta;
     char digit[4];
       for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)    char digitp[25];
         gradg[theta][i]= (gp[i]-gm[i])/2./delti[theta];  
     } /* End theta */    char fileresprobmorprev[FILENAMELENGTH];
   
     trgradg =matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);    if(popbased==1){
       if(mobilav!=0)
     for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)        strcpy(digitp,"-populbased-mobilav-");
       for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)      else strcpy(digitp,"-populbased-nomobil-");
         trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];    }
     else 
     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)      strcpy(digitp,"-stablbased-");
       varpl[i][(int)age] =0.;  
     matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);    if (mobilav!=0) {
     matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg);      mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
     for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)      if (movingaverage(probs, bage, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
       varpl[i][(int)age] = doldm[i][i]; /* Covariances are useless */        fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
         printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
     fprintf(ficresvpl,"%.0f ",age );      }
     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)    }
       fprintf(ficresvpl," %.5f (%.5f)",prlim[i][i],sqrt(varpl[i][(int)age]));  
     fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");    strcpy(fileresprobmorprev,"prmorprev"); 
     free_vector(gp,1,nlstate);    sprintf(digit,"%-d",ij);
     free_vector(gm,1,nlstate);    /*printf("DIGIT=%s, ij=%d ijr=%-d|\n",digit, ij,ij);*/
     free_matrix(gradg,1,npar,1,nlstate);    strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digit); /* Tvar to be done */
     free_matrix(trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar);    strcat(fileresprobmorprev,digitp); /* Popbased or not, mobilav or not */
   } /* End age */    strcat(fileresprobmorprev,fileres);
     if((ficresprobmorprev=fopen(fileresprobmorprev,"w"))==NULL) {
   free_vector(xp,1,npar);      printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
   free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,npar);      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobmorprev);
   free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);    }
     printf("Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
 }    fprintf(ficlog,"Computing total mortality p.j=w1*p1j+w2*p2j+..: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobmorprev);
     fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# probabilities of dying during a year and weighted mean w1*p1j+w2*p2j+... stand dev in()\n");
 /************ Variance of one-step probabilities  ******************/    fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"# Age cov=%-d",ij);
 void varprob(char fileres[], double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, double bage, double fage, int ij, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax)    for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
 {      fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," p.%-d SE",j);
   int i, j, i1, k1, j1, z1;      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
   int k=0, cptcode;        fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," w%1d p%-d%-d",i,i,j);
   double **dnewm,**doldm;    }  
   double *xp;    fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
   double *gp, *gm;    if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"a"))==NULL) {
   double **gradg, **trgradg;      printf("Problem with gnuplot file: %s\n", optionfilegnuplot);
   double age,agelim, cov[NCOVMAX];      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with gnuplot file: %s\n", optionfilegnuplot);
   int theta;      exit(0);
   char fileresprob[FILENAMELENGTH];    }
     else{
   strcpy(fileresprob,"prob");      fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varevsij");
   strcat(fileresprob,fileres);    }
   if((ficresprob=fopen(fileresprob,"w"))==NULL) {    if((fichtm=fopen(optionfilehtm,"a"))==NULL) {
     printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);      printf("Problem with html file: %s\n", optionfilehtm);
   }      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with html file: %s\n", optionfilehtm);
   printf("Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);      exit(0);
      }
 fprintf(ficresprob,"#One-step probabilities and standard deviation in parentheses\n");    else{
   fprintf(ficresprob,"# Age");      fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing probabilities of dying as a weighted average (i.e global mortality independent of initial healh state)</h4></li>\n");
   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)      fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>%s (à revoir) <br>\n",digitp);
     for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++)    }
       fprintf(ficresprob," p%1d-%1d (SE)",i,j);    varppt = matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
   
     fprintf(ficresvij,"# Variance and covariance of health expectancies e.j \n#  (weighted average of eij where weights are the stable prevalence in health states i\n");
   fprintf(ficresprob,"\n");    fprintf(ficresvij,"# Age");
     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
       for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
   xp=vector(1,npar);        fprintf(ficresvij," Cov(e%1d, e%1d)",i,j);
   dnewm=matrix(1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);    fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
   doldm=matrix(1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));  
      xp=vector(1,npar);
   cov[1]=1;    dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
   j=cptcoveff;    doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
   if (cptcovn<1) {j=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}    dnewmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
   j1=0;    doldmp= matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
   for(k1=1; k1<=1;k1++){  
     for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){    gradgp=matrix(1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
     j1++;    gpp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
     gmp=vector(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
     if  (cptcovn>0) {    trgradgp =matrix(nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
       fprintf(ficresprob, "\n#********** Variable ");    
       for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprob, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);    if(estepm < stepm){
       fprintf(ficresprob, "**********\n#");      printf ("Problem %d lower than %d\n",estepm, stepm);
     }    }
        else  hstepm=estepm;   
       for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){    /* For example we decided to compute the life expectancy with the smallest unit */
         cov[2]=age;    /* hstepm beeing the number of stepms, if hstepm=1 the length of hstepm is stepm. 
         for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {       nhstepm is the number of hstepm from age to agelim 
           cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[j1][Tvar[k]]];       nstepm is the number of stepm from age to agelin. 
                 Look at hpijx to understand the reason of that which relies in memory size
         }       and note for a fixed period like k years */
         for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];    /* We decided (b) to get a life expectancy respecting the most precise curvature of the
         for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)       survival function given by stepm (the optimization length). Unfortunately it
           cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];       means that if the survival funtion is printed only each two years of age and if
               you sum them up and add 1 year (area under the trapezoids) you won't get the same 
         gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,9);       results. So we changed our mind and took the option of the best precision.
         trgradg=matrix(1,9,1,npar);    */
         gp=vector(1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));    hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if stepm=6 & estepm=24 , = 24/6 months = 4 */ 
         gm=vector(1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));    agelim = AGESUP;
        for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
         for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){      nstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */ 
           for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)      nhstepm = nstepm/hstepm;/* Expressed in hstepm, typically nhstepm=40/4=10 */
             xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);      p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
                gradg=ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
           pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);      gp=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
                gm=matrix(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
           k=0;  
           for(i=1; i<= (nlstate+ndeath); i++){  
             for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){      for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
               k=k+1;        for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient */
               gp[k]=pmmij[i][j];          xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
             }        }
           }        hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);  
                  prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
           for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)  
             xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);        if (popbased==1) {
              if(mobilav ==0){
           pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);            for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
           k=0;              prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
           for(i=1; i<=(nlstate+ndeath); i++){          }else{ /* mobilav */ 
             for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){            for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
               k=k+1;              prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
               gm[k]=pmmij[i][j];          }
             }        }
           }    
              for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
           for(i=1; i<= (nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath); i++)          for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
             gradg[theta][i]=(gp[i]-gm[i])/2./delti[theta];              for(i=1, gp[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
         }              gp[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
           }
         for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)        }
           for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)        /* This for computing forces of mortality (h=1)as a weighted average */
             trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];        for(j=nlstate+1,gpp[j]=0.;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
                  for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++)
         matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,9,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);            gpp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
         matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,9,1,npar,1,9,gradg);        }    
                /* end force of mortality */
         pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate);  
                for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient */
         k=0;          xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
         for(i=1; i<=(nlstate+ndeath); i++){        hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,xp,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);  
           for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){        prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
             k=k+1;   
             gm[k]=pmmij[i][j];        if (popbased==1) {
           }          if(mobilav ==0){
         }            for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                    prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
      /*printf("\n%d ",(int)age);          }else{ /* mobilav */ 
      for (i=1; i<=(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath-1);i++){            for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
        printf("%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));              prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
      }*/          }
         }
         fprintf(ficresprob,"\n%d ",(int)age);  
         for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++){
         for (i=1; i<=(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath-1);i++)          for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
           fprintf(ficresprob,"%.3e (%.3e) ",gm[i],sqrt(doldm[i][i]));            for(i=1, gm[h][j]=0.;i<=nlstate;i++)
                gm[h][j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][h];
       }          }
     }        }
     free_vector(gp,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));        /* This for computing force of mortality (h=1)as a weighted average */
     free_vector(gm,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));        for(j=nlstate+1,gmp[j]=0.;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
     free_matrix(trgradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);          for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++)
     free_matrix(gradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);            gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1];
   }        }    
   free_vector(xp,1,npar);        /* end force of mortality */
   fclose(ficresprob);  
          for(j=1; j<= nlstate; j++) /* vareij */
 }          for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
             gradg[h][theta][j]= (gp[h][j]-gm[h][j])/2./delti[theta];
 /******************* Printing html file ***********/          }
 void printinghtml(char fileres[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \        for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ /* var mu */
  int lastpass, int stepm, int weightopt, char model[],\          gradgp[theta][j]= (gpp[j]-gmp[j])/2./delti[theta];
  int imx,int jmin, int jmax, double jmeanint,char optionfile[], \        }
  char optionfilehtm[],char rfileres[], char optionfilegnuplot[],\  
  char version[], int popforecast, int estepm ){      } /* End theta */
   int jj1, k1, i1, cpt;  
   FILE *fichtm;      trgradg =ma3x(0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar); /* veij */
   /*char optionfilehtm[FILENAMELENGTH];*/  
       for(h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++) /* veij */
   strcpy(optionfilehtm,optionfile);        for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
   strcat(optionfilehtm,".htm");          for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
   if((fichtm=fopen(optionfilehtm,"w"))==NULL)    {            trgradg[h][j][theta]=gradg[h][theta][j];
     printf("Problem with %s \n",optionfilehtm), exit(0);  
   }      for(j=nlstate+1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) /* mu */
         for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
  fprintf(fichtm,"<body> <font size=\"2\">%s </font> <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n          trgradgp[j][theta]=gradgp[theta][j];
 Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=%s<br>\n  
 \n      hf=hstepm*stepm/YEARM;  /* Duration of hstepm expressed in year unit. */
 Total number of observations=%d <br>\n      for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
 Interval (in months) between two waves: Min=%d Max=%d Mean=%.2lf<br>\n        for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
 <hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">          vareij[i][j][(int)age] =0.;
  <ul><li>Outputs files<br>\n  
  - Copy of the parameter file: <a href=\"o%s\">o%s</a><br>\n      for(h=0;h<=nhstepm;h++){
  - Gnuplot file name: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n        for(k=0;k<=nhstepm;k++){
  - Observed prevalence in each state: <a href=\"p%s\">p%s</a> <br>\n          matprod2(dnewm,trgradg[h],1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
  - Stationary prevalence in each state: <a href=\"pl%s\">pl%s</a> <br>\n          matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg[k]);
  - Transition probabilities: <a href=\"pij%s\">pij%s</a><br>\n          for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
  - Life expectancies by age and initial health status (estepm=%2d months): <a href=\"e%s\">e%s</a> <br>\n",version,title,datafile,firstpass,lastpass,stepm, weightopt,model,imx,jmin,jmax,jmean,fileres,fileres,optionfilegnuplot,optionfilegnuplot,fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres,estepm,fileres,fileres);            for(j=1;j<=nlstate;j++)
               vareij[i][j][(int)age] += doldm[i][j]*hf*hf;
  fprintf(fichtm,"\n        }
  - Parameter file with estimated parameters and the covariance matrix: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n      }
   - Variance of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"prob%s\">prob%s</a> <br>\n  
  - Variances of life expectancies by age and initial health status (estepm=%d months): <a href=\"v%s\">v%s</a><br>\n      /* pptj */
  - Health expectancies with their variances: <a href=\"t%s\">t%s</a> <br>\n      matprod2(dnewmp,trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
  - Standard deviation of stationary prevalences: <a href=\"vpl%s\">vpl%s</a> <br>\n",rfileres,rfileres,fileres,fileres, estepm, fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres);      matprod2(doldmp,dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,gradgp);
       for(j=nlstate+1;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
  if(popforecast==1) fprintf(fichtm,"\n        for(i=nlstate+1;i<=nlstate+ndeath;i++)
  - Prevalences forecasting: <a href=\"f%s\">f%s</a> <br>\n          varppt[j][i]=doldmp[j][i];
  - Population forecasting (if popforecast=1): <a href=\"pop%s\">pop%s</a> <br>\n      /* end ppptj */
         <br>",fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres);      hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,age,hstepm,x,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, ij);  
  else      prevalim(prlim,nlstate,x,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
    fprintf(fichtm,"\n No population forecast: popforecast = %d (instead of 1) or stepm = %d (instead of 1) or model=%s (instead of .)<br><br></li>\n",popforecast, stepm, model);   
 fprintf(fichtm," <li>Graphs</li><p>");      if (popbased==1) {
         if(mobilav ==0){
  m=cptcoveff;          for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
  if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}            prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][ij];
         }else{ /* mobilav */ 
  jj1=0;          for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
  for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){            prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][ij];
    for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){        }
        jj1++;      }
        if (cptcovn > 0) {      
          fprintf(fichtm,"<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">************ Results for covariates");      /* This for computing force of mortality (h=1)as a weighted average */
          for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++)      for(j=nlstate+1,gmp[j]=0.;j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++){
            fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtab[jj1][cpt]]);        for(i=1; i<= nlstate; i++)
          fprintf(fichtm," ************\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");          gmp[j] += prlim[i][i]*p3mat[i][j][1]; 
        }      }    
        fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Probabilities: pe%s%d.gif<br>      /* end force of mortality */
 <img src=\"pe%s%d.gif\">",strtok(optionfile, "."),jj1,strtok(optionfile, "."),jj1);      
        for(cpt=1; cpt<nlstate;cpt++){      fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"%3d %d ",(int) age, ij);
          fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Prevalence of disability : p%s%d%d.gif<br>      for(j=nlstate+1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
 <img src=\"p%s%d%d.gif\">",strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,jj1,strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,jj1);        fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e",gmp[j], sqrt(varppt[j][j]));
        }        for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
     for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {          fprintf(ficresprobmorprev," %11.3e %11.3e ",prlim[i][i],p3mat[i][j][1]);
        fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Observed and stationary prevalence (with confident        }
 interval) in state (%d): v%s%d%d.gif <br>      } 
 <img src=\"v%s%d%d.gif\">",cpt,strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,jj1,strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,jj1);        fprintf(ficresprobmorprev,"\n");
      }  
      for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {      fprintf(ficresvij,"%.0f ",age );
         fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Health life expectancies by age and initial health state (%d): exp%s%d%d.gif <br>      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
 <img src=\"exp%s%d%d.gif\">",cpt,strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,jj1,strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,jj1);        for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
      }          fprintf(ficresvij," %.4f", vareij[i][j][(int)age]);
      fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Total life expectancy by age and        }
 health expectancies in states (1) and (2): e%s%d.gif<br>      fprintf(ficresvij,"\n");
 <img src=\"e%s%d.gif\">",strtok(optionfile, "."),jj1,strtok(optionfile, "."),jj1);      free_matrix(gp,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
 fprintf(fichtm,"\n</body>");      free_matrix(gm,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate);
    }      free_ma3x(gradg,0,nhstepm,1,npar,1,nlstate);
    }      free_ma3x(trgradg,0,nhstepm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
 fclose(fichtm);      free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 }    } /* End age */
     free_vector(gpp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
 /******************* Gnuplot file **************/    free_vector(gmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
 void printinggnuplot(char fileres[],char optionfilefiname[],char optionfile[],char optionfilegnuplot[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double fage , char pathc[], double p[]){    free_matrix(gradgp,1,npar,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
     free_matrix(trgradgp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar); /* mu or p point j*/
   int m,cpt,k1,i,k,j,jk,k2,k3,ij,l;    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset noparametric;set nolabel; set ter png small;set size 0.65, 0.65");
     /* for(j=nlstate+1; j<= nlstate+ndeath; j++){ *//* Only the first actually */
   strcpy(optionfilegnuplot,optionfilefiname);    fprintf(ficgp,"\n set log y; set nolog x;set xlabel \"Age\"; set ylabel \"Force of mortality (year-1)\";");
   strcat(optionfilegnuplot,".gp.txt");    fprintf(ficgp,"\n plot \"%s\"  u 1:($3*%6.3f) not w l 1 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm);
   if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"w"))==NULL) {    fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3+1.96*$4)*%6.3f) t \"95\%% interval\" w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm);
     printf("Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot);    fprintf(ficgp,"\n replot \"%s\"  u 1:(($3-1.96*$4)*%6.3f) not w l 2 ",fileresprobmorprev,YEARM/estepm);
   }    fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> File (multiple files are possible if covariates are present): <A href=\"%s\">%s</a>\n",fileresprobmorprev,fileresprobmorprev);
     fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months. <br> <img src=\"varmuptjgr%s%s.png\"> <br>\n", stepm,digitp,digit);
 #ifdef windows    /*  fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Probability is computed over estepm=%d months and then divided by estepm and multiplied by %.0f in order to have the probability to die over a year <br> <img src=\"varmuptjgr%s%s.png\"> <br>\n", stepm,YEARM,digitp,digit);
     fprintf(ficgp,"cd \"%s\" \n",pathc);  */
 #endif    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"varmuptjgr%s%s.png\";replot;",digitp,digit);
 m=pow(2,cptcoveff);  
      free_vector(xp,1,npar);
  /* 1eme*/    free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
   for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {    free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
    for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {    free_matrix(doldmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
     free_matrix(dnewmp,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,1,npar);
      fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability\" \nset ter gif small size 400,300\nplot [%.f:%.f] \"vpl%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",ageminpar,fage,fileres,k1-1,k1-1);    free_matrix(varppt,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath,nlstate+1,nlstate+ndeath);
     if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
 for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {    fclose(ficresprobmorprev);
   if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");    fclose(ficgp);
   else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");    fclose(fichtm);
 }  }
     fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"Stationary prevalence\" w l 0,\"vpl%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+2*$3) \"\%%lf",fileres,k1-1,k1-1);  
     for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {  /************ Variance of prevlim ******************/
   if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");  void varprevlim(char fileres[], double **varpl, double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, int stepm, double bage, double fage, double **oldm, double **savm, double **prlim, double ftolpl, int ij)
   else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");  {
 }    /* Variance of prevalence limit */
   fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"95\%% CI\" w l 1,\"vpl%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-2*$3) \"\%%lf",fileres,k1-1,k1-1);    /*  double **prevalim(double **prlim, int nlstate, double *xp, double age, double **oldm, double **savm,double ftolpl);*/
      for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {    double **newm;
   if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");    double **dnewm,**doldm;
   else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");    int i, j, nhstepm, hstepm;
 }      int k, cptcode;
      fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l 1,\"p%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d) t\"Observed prevalence \" w l 2",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,2+4*(cpt-1));    double *xp;
     double *gp, *gm;
 fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"v%s%d%d.gif\" \nreplot\n\n",strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,k1);    double **gradg, **trgradg;
    }    double age,agelim;
   }    int theta;
   /*2 eme*/     
     fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Standard deviation of stable prevalences \n");
   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {    fprintf(ficresvpl,"# Age");
     fprintf(ficgp,"set ylabel \"Years\" \nset ter gif small size 400,300\nplot [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,fage);    for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
            fprintf(ficresvpl," %1d-%1d",i,i);
     for (i=1; i<= nlstate+1 ; i ++) {    fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
       k=2*i;  
       fprintf(ficgp,"\"t%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",fileres,k1-1,k1-1);    xp=vector(1,npar);
       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {    dnewm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
   if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");    doldm=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
   else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");    
 }      hstepm=1*YEARM; /* Every year of age */
       if (i== 1) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"TLE\" w l ,");    hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically in stepm units, if j= 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */ 
       else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"LE in state (%d)\" w l ,",i-1);    agelim = AGESUP;
     fprintf(ficgp,"\"t%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-$3*2) \"\%%lf",fileres,k1-1,k1-1);    for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ /* If stepm=6 months */
       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {      nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-age)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */ 
         if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");      if (stepm >= YEARM) hstepm=1;
         else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");      nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */
 }        gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,nlstate);
       fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l 0,");      gp=vector(1,nlstate);
      fprintf(ficgp,"\"t%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+$3*2) \"\%%lf",fileres,k1-1,k1-1);      gm=vector(1,nlstate);
       for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {  
   if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");      for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
   else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");        for(i=1; i<=npar; i++){ /* Computes gradient */
 }            xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
       if (i== (nlstate+1)) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l 0");        }
       else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l 0,");        prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
     }        for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
     fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"e%s%d.gif\" \nreplot\n\n",strtok(optionfile, "."),k1);          gp[i] = prlim[i][i];
   }      
          for(i=1; i<=npar; i++) /* Computes gradient */
   /*3eme*/          xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
         prevalim(prlim,nlstate,xp,age,oldm,savm,ftolpl,ij);
   for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {        for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
     for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {          gm[i] = prlim[i][i];
       k=2+nlstate*(2*cpt-2);  
       fprintf(ficgp,"set ter gif small size 400,300\nplot [%.f:%.f] \"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d1\" w l",ageminpar,fage,fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,cpt);        for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
       /*fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d-2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);          gradg[theta][i]= (gp[i]-gm[i])/2./delti[theta];
  for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");      } /* End theta */
 fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);  
 fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d+2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);      trgradg =matrix(1,nlstate,1,npar);
  for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");  
 fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);      for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)
         for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
 */          trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
       for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++) {  
         fprintf(ficgp," ,\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k+2*i,cpt,i+1);      for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
         varpl[i][(int)age] =0.;
       }      matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,npar,matcov);
       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"exp%s%d%d.gif\" \nreplot\n\n",strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,k1);      matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,nlstate,1,npar,1,nlstate,gradg);
     }      for(i=1;i<=nlstate;i++)
     }        varpl[i][(int)age] = doldm[i][i]; /* Covariances are useless */
    
   /* CV preval stat */      fprintf(ficresvpl,"%.0f ",age );
     for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {      for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
     for (cpt=1; cpt<nlstate ; cpt ++) {        fprintf(ficresvpl," %.5f (%.5f)",prlim[i][i],sqrt(varpl[i][(int)age]));
       k=3;      fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n");
       fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability\" \nset ter gif small size 400,300\nplot [%.f:%.f] \"pij%s\" u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",ageminpar,agemaxpar,fileres,k1,k+cpt+1,k+1);      free_vector(gp,1,nlstate);
       free_vector(gm,1,nlstate);
       for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++)      free_matrix(gradg,1,npar,1,nlstate);
         fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",k+i+1);      free_matrix(trgradg,1,nlstate,1,npar);
       fprintf(ficgp,")) t\"prev(%d,%d)\" w l",cpt,cpt+1);    } /* End age */
        
       l=3+(nlstate+ndeath)*cpt;    free_vector(xp,1,npar);
       fprintf(ficgp,",\"pij%s\" u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",fileres,k1,l+cpt+1,l+1);    free_matrix(doldm,1,nlstate,1,npar);
       for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++) {    free_matrix(dnewm,1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
         l=3+(nlstate+ndeath)*cpt;  
         fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",l+i+1);  }
       }  
       fprintf(ficgp,")) t\"prev(%d,%d)\" w l\n",cpt+1,cpt+1);    /************ Variance of one-step probabilities  ******************/
       fprintf(ficgp,"set out \"p%s%d%d.gif\" \nreplot\n\n",strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,k1);  void varprob(char optionfilefiname[], double **matcov, double x[], double delti[], int nlstate, double bage, double fage, int ij, int *Tvar, int **nbcode, int *ncodemax)
     }  {
   }      int i, j=0,  i1, k1, l1, t, tj;
      int k2, l2, j1,  z1;
   /* proba elementaires */    int k=0,l, cptcode;
    for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){    int first=1, first1;
     for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){    double cv12, mu1, mu2, lc1, lc2, v12, v21, v11, v22,v1,v2, c12, tnalp;
       if (k != i) {    double **dnewm,**doldm;
         for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){    double *xp;
            double *gp, *gm;
           fprintf(ficgp,"p%d=%f ",jk,p[jk]);    double **gradg, **trgradg;
           jk++;    double **mu;
           fprintf(ficgp,"\n");    double age,agelim, cov[NCOVMAX];
         }    double std=2.0; /* Number of standard deviation wide of confidence ellipsoids */
       }    int theta;
     }    char fileresprob[FILENAMELENGTH];
     }    char fileresprobcov[FILENAMELENGTH];
     char fileresprobcor[FILENAMELENGTH];
     for(jk=1; jk <=m; jk++) {  
   fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter gif small size 400,300\nset log y\nplot  [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,agemaxpar);    double ***varpij;
    i=1;  
    for(k2=1; k2<=nlstate; k2++) {    strcpy(fileresprob,"prob"); 
      k3=i;    strcat(fileresprob,fileres);
      for(k=1; k<=(nlstate+ndeath); k++) {    if((ficresprob=fopen(fileresprob,"w"))==NULL) {
        if (k != k2){      printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
         fprintf(ficgp," exp(p%d+p%d*x",i,i+1);      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprob);
 ij=1;    }
         for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel; j++) {    strcpy(fileresprobcov,"probcov"); 
           if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) {    strcat(fileresprobcov,fileres);
             fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",i+j-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]);    if((ficresprobcov=fopen(fileresprobcov,"w"))==NULL) {
             ij++;      printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
           }      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcov);
           else    }
           fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",i+j-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);    strcpy(fileresprobcor,"probcor"); 
         }    strcat(fileresprobcor,fileres);
           fprintf(ficgp,")/(1");    if((ficresprobcor=fopen(fileresprobcor,"w"))==NULL) {
              printf("Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
         for(k1=1; k1 <=nlstate; k1++){        fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with resultfile: %s\n", fileresprobcor);
           fprintf(ficgp,"+exp(p%d+p%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel,k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1);    }
 ij=1;    printf("Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
           for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel; j++){    fprintf(ficlog,"Computing standard deviation of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprob);
           if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) {    printf("Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
             fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]);    fprintf(ficlog,"Computing matrix of variance covariance of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcov);
             ij++;    printf("and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
           }    fprintf(ficlog,"and correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: result on file '%s' \n",fileresprobcor);
           else    
             fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);    fprintf(ficresprob,"#One-step probabilities and stand. devi in ()\n");
           }    fprintf(ficresprob,"# Age");
           fprintf(ficgp,")");    fprintf(ficresprobcov,"#One-step probabilities and covariance matrix\n");
         }    fprintf(ficresprobcov,"# Age");
         fprintf(ficgp,") t \"p%d%d\" ", k2,k);    fprintf(ficresprobcor,"#One-step probabilities and correlation matrix\n");
         if ((k+k2)!= (nlstate*2+ndeath)) fprintf(ficgp,",");    fprintf(ficresprobcov,"# Age");
         i=i+ncovmodel;  
        }  
      }    for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
    }      for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
    fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"pe%s%d.gif\" \nreplot\n\n",strtok(optionfile, "."),jk);        fprintf(ficresprob," p%1d-%1d (SE)",i,j);
    }        fprintf(ficresprobcov," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
            fprintf(ficresprobcor," p%1d-%1d ",i,j);
   fclose(ficgp);      }  
 }  /* end gnuplot */    fprintf(ficresprob,"\n");
     fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n");
     fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n");
 /*************** Moving average **************/    xp=vector(1,npar);
 void movingaverage(double agedeb, double fage,double ageminpar, double ***mobaverage){    dnewm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
     doldm=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
   int i, cpt, cptcod;    mu=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath), (int) bage, (int)fage);
     for (agedeb=ageminpar; agedeb<=fage; agedeb++)    varpij=ma3x(1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),1,nlstate*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int) fage);
       for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)    first=1;
         for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++)    if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"a"))==NULL) {
           mobaverage[(int)agedeb][i][cptcod]=0.;      printf("Problem with gnuplot file: %s\n", optionfilegnuplot);
          fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with gnuplot file: %s\n", optionfilegnuplot);
     for (agedeb=ageminpar+4; agedeb<=fage; agedeb++){      exit(0);
       for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){    }
         for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){    else{
           for (cpt=0;cpt<=4;cpt++){      fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Routine varprob");
             mobaverage[(int)agedeb-2][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)agedeb-2][i][cptcod]+probs[(int)agedeb-cpt][i][cptcod];    }
           }    if((fichtm=fopen(optionfilehtm,"a"))==NULL) {
           mobaverage[(int)agedeb-2][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)agedeb-2][i][cptcod]/5;      printf("Problem with html file: %s\n", optionfilehtm);
         }      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with html file: %s\n", optionfilehtm);
       }      exit(0);
     }    }
        else{
 }      fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing and drawing one step probabilities with their confidence intervals</h4></li>\n");
       fprintf(fichtm,"\n");
   
 /************** Forecasting ******************/      fprintf(fichtm,"\n<li><h4> Computing matrix of variance-covariance of step probabilities</h4></li>\n");
 prevforecast(char fileres[], double anproj1,double mproj1,double jproj1,double ageminpar, double agemax,double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double agedeb, double fage, int popforecast, char popfile[], double anproj2,double p[], int i2){      fprintf(fichtm,"\nWe have drawn ellipsoids of confidence around the p<inf>ij</inf>, p<inf>kl</inf> to understand the covariance between two incidences. They are expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> in order to be less dependent of stepm.<br>\n");
        fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> We have drawn x'cov<sup>-1</sup>x = 4 where x is the column vector (pij,pkl). It means that if pij and pkl where uncorrelated the (2X2) matrix would have been (1/(var pij), 0 , 0, 1/(var pkl)), and the confidence interval would be 2 standard deviations wide on each axis. <br> When both incidences are correlated we diagonalised the inverse of the covariance matrix and made the appropriate rotation.<br> \n");
   int cpt, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j,k,c, cptcod, i,h;  
   int *popage;    }
   double calagedate, agelim, kk1, kk2, yp,yp1,yp2,jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean;  
   double *popeffectif,*popcount;    cov[1]=1;
   double ***p3mat;    tj=cptcoveff;
   char fileresf[FILENAMELENGTH];    if (cptcovn<1) {tj=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
     j1=0;
  agelim=AGESUP;    for(t=1; t<=tj;t++){
 calagedate=(anproj1+mproj1/12.+jproj1/365.-dateintmean)*YEARM;      for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[t];i1++){ 
         j1++;
   prevalence(ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,dateprev1,dateprev2, calagedate);        if  (cptcovn>0) {
            fprintf(ficresprob, "\n#********** Variable "); 
            for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprob, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
   strcpy(fileresf,"f");          fprintf(ficresprob, "**********\n#");
   strcat(fileresf,fileres);          fprintf(ficresprobcov, "\n#********** Variable "); 
   if((ficresf=fopen(fileresf,"w"))==NULL) {          for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcov, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
     printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresf);          fprintf(ficresprobcov, "**********\n#");
   }          
   printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", fileresf);          fprintf(ficgp, "\n#********** Variable "); 
           for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficgp, "# V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
   if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;          fprintf(ficgp, "**********\n#");
           
   if (mobilav==1) {          
     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);          fprintf(fichtm, "\n<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">********** Variable "); 
     movingaverage(agedeb, fage, ageminpar, mobaverage);          for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(fichtm, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
   }          fprintf(fichtm, "**********\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
           
   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;          fprintf(ficresprobcor, "\n#********** Variable ");    
   if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;          for (z1=1; z1<=cptcoveff; z1++) fprintf(ficresprobcor, "V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[z1],nbcode[Tvaraff[z1]][codtab[j1][z1]]);
            fprintf(ficgp, "**********\n#");    
   agelim=AGESUP;        }
          
   hstepm=1;        for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ 
   hstepm=hstepm/stepm;          cov[2]=age;
   yp1=modf(dateintmean,&yp);          for (k=1; k<=cptcovn;k++) {
   anprojmean=yp;            cov[2+k]=nbcode[Tvar[k]][codtab[j1][Tvar[k]]];
   yp2=modf((yp1*12),&yp);          }
   mprojmean=yp;          for (k=1; k<=cptcovage;k++) cov[2+Tage[k]]=cov[2+Tage[k]]*cov[2];
   yp1=modf((yp2*30.5),&yp);          for (k=1; k<=cptcovprod;k++)
   jprojmean=yp;            cov[2+Tprod[k]]=nbcode[Tvard[k][1]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][1]]]*nbcode[Tvard[k][2]][codtab[ij][Tvard[k][2]]];
   if(jprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;          
   if(mprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;          gradg=matrix(1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
            trgradg=matrix(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
   fprintf(ficresf,"# Estimated date of observed prevalence: %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean);          gp=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
            gm=vector(1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath));
   for(cptcov=1;cptcov<=i2;cptcov++){      
     for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){          for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++){
       k=k+1;            for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
       fprintf(ficresf,"\n#******");              xp[i] = x[i] + (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {            
         fprintf(ficresf," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);            pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
       }            
       fprintf(ficresf,"******\n");            k=0;
       fprintf(ficresf,"# StartingAge FinalAge");            for(i=1; i<= (nlstate); i++){
       for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) fprintf(ficresf," P.%d",j);              for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
                      k=k+1;
                      gp[k]=pmmij[i][j];
       for (cpt=0; cpt<=(anproj2-anproj1);cpt++) {              }
         fprintf(ficresf,"\n");            }
         fprintf(ficresf,"\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jproj1,mproj1,anproj1+cpt);              
             for(i=1; i<=npar; i++)
         for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedate %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedate %12)/12.); agedeb--){              xp[i] = x[i] - (i==theta ?delti[theta]:0);
           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm);      
           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;            pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,xp,nlstate);
                      k=0;
           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);            for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;              for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);                  k=k+1;
                        gm[k]=pmmij[i][j];
           for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){              }
             if (h==(int) (calagedate+YEARM*cpt)) {            }
               fprintf(ficresf,"\n %.f %.f ",anproj1+cpt,agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);       
             }            for(i=1; i<= (nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath); i++) 
             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {              gradg[theta][i]=(gp[i]-gm[i])/2./delti[theta];  
               kk1=0.;kk2=0;          }
               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {                
                 if (mobilav==1)          for(j=1; j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
                   kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];            for(theta=1; theta <=npar; theta++)
                 else {              trgradg[j][theta]=gradg[theta][j];
                   kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agedeb+1)][i][cptcod];          
                 }          matprod2(dnewm,trgradg,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,npar,matcov); 
                          matprod2(doldm,dnewm,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar,1,(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath),gradg);
               }          free_vector(gp,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
               if (h==(int)(calagedate+12*cpt)){          free_vector(gm,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath));
                 fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", kk1);          free_matrix(trgradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
                                  free_matrix(gradg,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),1,npar);
               }  
             }          pmij(pmmij,cov,ncovmodel,x,nlstate);
           }          
           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);          k=0;
         }          for(i=1; i<=(nlstate); i++){
       }            for(j=1; j<=(nlstate+ndeath);j++){
     }              k=k+1;
   }              mu[k][(int) age]=pmmij[i][j];
                    }
   if (mobilav==1) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);          }
           for(i=1;i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
   fclose(ficresf);            for(j=1;j<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);j++)
 }              varpij[i][j][(int)age] = doldm[i][j];
 /************** Forecasting ******************/  
 populforecast(char fileres[], double anpyram,double mpyram,double jpyram,double ageminpar, double agemax,double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double agedeb, double fage, int popforecast, char popfile[], double anpyram1,double p[], int i2){          /*printf("\n%d ",(int)age);
              for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
   int cpt, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j,k,c, cptcod, i,h;            printf("%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
   int *popage;            fprintf(ficlog,"%e [%e ;%e] ",gm[i],gm[i]-2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]),gm[i]+2*sqrt(doldm[i][i]));
   double calagedate, agelim, kk1, kk2, yp,yp1,yp2,jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean;            }*/
   double *popeffectif,*popcount;  
   double ***p3mat,***tabpop,***tabpopprev;          fprintf(ficresprob,"\n%d ",(int)age);
   char filerespop[FILENAMELENGTH];          fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d ",(int)age);
           fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d ",(int)age);
   tabpop= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);  
   tabpopprev= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);          for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++)
   agelim=AGESUP;            fprintf(ficresprob,"%11.3e (%11.3e) ",mu[i][(int) age],sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int)age]));
   calagedate=(anpyram+mpyram/12.+jpyram/365.-dateintmean)*YEARM;          for (i=1; i<=(nlstate)*(nlstate+ndeath);i++){
              fprintf(ficresprobcov,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
   prevalence(ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,dateprev1,dateprev2, calagedate);            fprintf(ficresprobcor,"%11.3e ",mu[i][(int) age]);
            }
            i=0;
   strcpy(filerespop,"pop");          for (k=1; k<=(nlstate);k++){
   strcat(filerespop,fileres);            for (l=1; l<=(nlstate+ndeath);l++){ 
   if((ficrespop=fopen(filerespop,"w"))==NULL) {              i=i++;
     printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop);              fprintf(ficresprobcov,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
   }              fprintf(ficresprobcor,"\n%d %d-%d",(int)age,k,l);
   printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop);              for (j=1; j<=i;j++){
                 fprintf(ficresprobcov," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int)age]);
   if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;                fprintf(ficresprobcor," %11.3e",varpij[i][j][(int) age]/sqrt(varpij[i][i][(int) age])/sqrt(varpij[j][j][(int)age]));
               }
   if (mobilav==1) {            }
     mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);          }/* end of loop for state */
     movingaverage(agedeb, fage, ageminpar, mobaverage);        } /* end of loop for age */
   }  
         /* Confidence intervalle of pij  */
   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;        /*
   if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;          fprintf(ficgp,"\nset noparametric;unset label");
            fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;unset log x; set xlabel \"Age\";set ylabel \"probability (year-1)\"");
   agelim=AGESUP;          fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65");
            fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>Probability with  confidence intervals expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> :<a href=\"pijgr%s.png\">pijgr%s.png</A>, ",optionfilefiname,optionfilefiname);
   hstepm=1;          fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br><img src=\"pijgr%s.png\"> ",optionfilefiname);
   hstepm=hstepm/stepm;          fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"pijgr%s.png\"",optionfilefiname);
            fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot \"%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",k1,k2,xfilevarprob);
   if (popforecast==1) {        */
     if((ficpop=fopen(popfile,"r"))==NULL) {  
       printf("Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0);        /* Drawing ellipsoids of confidence of two variables p(k1-l1,k2-l2)*/
     }        first1=1;
     popage=ivector(0,AGESUP);        for (k2=1; k2<=(nlstate);k2++){
     popeffectif=vector(0,AGESUP);          for (l2=1; l2<=(nlstate+ndeath);l2++){ 
     popcount=vector(0,AGESUP);            if(l2==k2) continue;
                j=(k2-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l2;
     i=1;              for (k1=1; k1<=(nlstate);k1++){
     while ((c=fscanf(ficpop,"%d %lf\n",&popage[i],&popcount[i])) != EOF) i=i+1;              for (l1=1; l1<=(nlstate+ndeath);l1++){ 
                    if(l1==k1) continue;
     imx=i;                i=(k1-1)*(nlstate+ndeath)+l1;
     for (i=1; i<imx;i++) popeffectif[popage[i]]=popcount[i];                if(i<=j) continue;
   }                for (age=bage; age<=fage; age ++){ 
                   if ((int)age %5==0){
   for(cptcov=1;cptcov<=i2;cptcov++){                    v1=varpij[i][i][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
    for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){                    v2=varpij[j][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
       k=k+1;                    cv12=varpij[i][j][(int)age]/stepm*YEARM/stepm*YEARM;
       fprintf(ficrespop,"\n#******");                    mu1=mu[i][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM ;
       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {                    mu2=mu[j][(int) age]/stepm*YEARM;
         fprintf(ficrespop," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);                    c12=cv12/sqrt(v1*v2);
       }                    /* Computing eigen value of matrix of covariance */
       fprintf(ficrespop,"******\n");                    lc1=((v1+v2)+sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
       fprintf(ficrespop,"# Age");                    lc2=((v1+v2)-sqrt((v1+v2)*(v1+v2) - 4*(v1*v2-cv12*cv12)))/2.;
       for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) fprintf(ficrespop," P.%d",j);                    /* Eigen vectors */
       if (popforecast==1)  fprintf(ficrespop," [Population]");                    v11=(1./sqrt(1+(v1-lc1)*(v1-lc1)/cv12/cv12));
                          /*v21=sqrt(1.-v11*v11); *//* error */
       for (cpt=0; cpt<=0;cpt++) {                    v21=(lc1-v1)/cv12*v11;
         fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);                      v12=-v21;
                            v22=v11;
         for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedate %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedate %12)/12.); agedeb--){                    tnalp=v21/v11;
           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm);                    if(first1==1){
           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;                      first1=0;
                                printf("%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tang %.3f\nOthers in log...\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);                    }
           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;                    fprintf(ficlog,"%d %d%d-%d%d mu %.4e %.4e Var %.4e %.4e cor %.3f cov %.4e Eig %.3e %.3e 1stv %.3f %.3f tan %.3f\n",(int) age,k1,l1,k2,l2,mu1,mu2,v1,v2,c12,cv12,lc1,lc2,v11,v21,tnalp);
           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);                      /*printf(fignu*/
                            /* mu1+ v11*lc1*cost + v12*lc2*sin(t) */
           for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){                    /* mu2+ v21*lc1*cost + v22*lc2*sin(t) */
             if (h==(int) (calagedate+YEARM*cpt)) {                    if(first==1){
               fprintf(ficrespop,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);                      first=0;
             }                      fprintf(ficgp,"\nset parametric;unset label");
             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {                      fprintf(ficgp,"\nset log y;set log x; set xlabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\";set ylabel \"p%1d%1d (year-1)\"",k1,l1,k2,l2);
               kk1=0.;kk2=0;                      fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65");
               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {                                    fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>Ellipsoids of confidence cov(p%1d%1d,p%1d%1d) expressed in year<sup>-1</sup> :<a href=\"varpijgr%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\">varpijgr%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png</A>, ",k1,l1,k2,l2,optionfilefiname, j1,k1,l1,k2,l2,optionfilefiname, j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
                 if (mobilav==1)                      fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br><img src=\"varpijgr%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\"> ",optionfilefiname, j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
                   kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];                      fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br> Correlation at age %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
                 else {                      fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"varpijgr%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\"",optionfilefiname, j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
                   kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agedeb+1)][i][cptcod];                      fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
                 }                      fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
               }                      fprintf(ficgp,"\nplot [-pi:pi] %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not",\
               if (h==(int)(calagedate+12*cpt)){                              mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(lc2),\
                 tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod]=kk1;                              mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(lc2));
                   /*fprintf(ficrespop," %.3f", kk1);                    }else{
                     if (popforecast==1) fprintf(ficrespop," [%.f]", kk1*popeffectif[(int)agedeb+1]);*/                      first=0;
               }                      fprintf(fichtm," %d (%.3f),",(int) age, c12);
             }                      fprintf(ficgp,"\n# Age %d, p%1d%1d - p%1d%1d",(int) age, k1,l1,k2,l2);
             for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){                      fprintf(ficgp,"\nset label \"%d\" at %11.3e,%11.3e center",(int) age, mu1,mu2);
               kk1=0.;                      fprintf(ficgp,"\nreplot %11.3e+ %.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)), %11.3e +%.3f*(%11.3e*%11.3e*cos(t)+%11.3e*%11.3e*sin(t)) not",\
                 for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){                              mu1,std,v11,sqrt(lc1),v12,sqrt(lc2),\
                   kk1= kk1+tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod];                              mu2,std,v21,sqrt(lc1),v22,sqrt(lc2));
                 }                    }/* if first */
                   tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]=tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]/kk1*popeffectif[(int)(agedeb+(calagedate+12*cpt)*hstepm/YEARM*stepm-1)];                  } /* age mod 5 */
             }                } /* end loop age */
                 fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"varpijgr%s%d%1d%1d-%1d%1d.png\";replot;",optionfilefiname, j1,k1,l1,k2,l2);
             if (h==(int)(calagedate+12*cpt)) for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++)                first=1;
               fprintf(ficrespop," %15.2f",tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb+1)][j][cptcod]);              } /*l12 */
           }            } /* k12 */
           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);          } /*l1 */
         }        }/* k1 */
       }      } /* loop covariates */
      }
   /******/    free_ma3x(varpij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath,(int) bage, (int)fage);
     free_matrix(mu,1,(nlstate+ndeath)*(nlstate+ndeath),(int) bage, (int)fage);
       for (cpt=1; cpt<=(anpyram1-anpyram);cpt++) {    free_vector(xp,1,npar);
         fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);      fclose(ficresprob);
         for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedate %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedate %12)/12.); agedeb--){    fclose(ficresprobcov);
           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm);    fclose(ficresprobcor);
           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm;    fclose(ficgp);
              fclose(fichtm);
           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);  }
           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;  
           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);    
           for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){  /******************* Printing html file ***********/
             if (h==(int) (calagedate+YEARM*cpt)) {  void printinghtml(char fileres[], char title[], char datafile[], int firstpass, \
               fprintf(ficresf,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);                    int lastpass, int stepm, int weightopt, char model[],\
             }                    int imx,int jmin, int jmax, double jmeanint,char rfileres[],\
             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {                    int popforecast, int estepm ,\
               kk1=0.;kk2=0;                    double jprev1, double mprev1,double anprev1, \
               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {                                  double jprev2, double mprev2,double anprev2){
                 kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*tabpopprev[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];        int jj1, k1, i1, cpt;
               }    /*char optionfilehtm[FILENAMELENGTH];*/
               if (h==(int)(calagedate+12*cpt)) fprintf(ficresf," %15.2f", kk1);    if((fichtm=fopen(optionfilehtm,"a"))==NULL)    {
             }      printf("Problem with %s \n",optionfilehtm), exit(0);
           }      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with %s \n",optionfilehtm), exit(0);
           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);    }
         }  
       }     fprintf(fichtm,"<ul><li><h4>Result files (first order: no variance)</h4>\n
    }   - Observed prevalence in each state (during the period defined between %.lf/%.lf/%.lf and %.lf/%.lf/%.lf): <a href=\"p%s\">p%s</a> <br>\n
   }   - Estimated transition probabilities over %d (stepm) months: <a href=\"pij%s\">pij%s</a><br>\n
     - Stable prevalence in each health state: <a href=\"pl%s\">pl%s</a> <br>\n
   if (mobilav==1) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);   - Life expectancies by age and initial health status (estepm=%2d months): 
      <a href=\"e%s\">e%s</a> <br>\n</li>", \
   if (popforecast==1) {    jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,fileres,fileres,stepm,fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres,estepm,fileres,fileres);
     free_ivector(popage,0,AGESUP);  
     free_vector(popeffectif,0,AGESUP);  fprintf(fichtm," \n<ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
     free_vector(popcount,0,AGESUP);  
   }   m=cptcoveff;
   free_ma3x(tabpop,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);   if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
   free_ma3x(tabpopprev,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);  
   fclose(ficrespop);   jj1=0;
 }   for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){
      for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
 /***********************************************/       jj1++;
 /**************** Main Program *****************/       if (cptcovn > 0) {
 /***********************************************/         fprintf(fichtm,"<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">************ Results for covariates");
          for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++) 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])           fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtab[jj1][cpt]]);
 {         fprintf(fichtm," ************\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
        }
   int i,j, k, n=MAXN,iter,m,size,cptcode, cptcod;       /* Pij */
   double agedeb, agefin,hf;       fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Pij or Conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i %d (stepm) months before: pe%s%d1.png<br>
   double ageminpar=1.e20,agemin=1.e20, agemaxpar=-1.e20, agemax=-1.e20;  <img src=\"pe%s%d1.png\">",stepm,strtok(optionfile, "."),jj1,strtok(optionfile, "."),jj1);     
        /* Quasi-incidences */
   double fret;       fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Pij or Conditional probabilities to be observed in state j being in state i %d (stepm) months before but expressed in per year i.e. quasi incidences if stepm is small and probabilities too: pe%s%d2.png<br>
   double **xi,tmp,delta;  <img src=\"pe%s%d2.png\">",stepm,strtok(optionfile, "."),jj1,strtok(optionfile, "."),jj1); 
          /* Stable prevalence in each health state */
   double dum; /* Dummy variable */         for(cpt=1; cpt<nlstate;cpt++){
   double ***p3mat;           fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Stable prevalence in each health state : p%s%d%d.png<br>
   int *indx;  <img src=\"p%s%d%d.png\">",strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,jj1,strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,jj1);
   char line[MAXLINE], linepar[MAXLINE];         }
   char title[MAXLINE];       for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {
   char optionfile[FILENAMELENGTH], datafile[FILENAMELENGTH],  filerespl[FILENAMELENGTH];          fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Health life expectancies by age and initial health state (%d): exp%s%d%d.png <br>
   char optionfilext[10], optionfilefiname[FILENAMELENGTH], optionfilehtm[FILENAMELENGTH], optionfilegnuplot[FILENAMELENGTH], plotcmd[FILENAMELENGTH];  <img src=\"exp%s%d%d.png\">",cpt,strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,jj1,strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,jj1);
         }
   char fileres[FILENAMELENGTH], filerespij[FILENAMELENGTH], filereso[FILENAMELENGTH], rfileres[FILENAMELENGTH];       fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br>- Total life expectancy by age and
   health expectancies in states (1) and (2): e%s%d.png<br>
   char filerest[FILENAMELENGTH];  <img src=\"e%s%d.png\">",strtok(optionfile, "."),jj1,strtok(optionfile, "."),jj1);
   char fileregp[FILENAMELENGTH];     } /* end i1 */
   char popfile[FILENAMELENGTH];   }/* End k1 */
   char path[80],pathc[80],pathcd[80],pathtot[80],model[20];   fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
   int firstobs=1, lastobs=10;  
   int sdeb, sfin; /* Status at beginning and end */  
   int c,  h , cpt,l;   fprintf(fichtm,"\n<br><li><h4> Result files (second order: variances)</h4>\n
   int ju,jl, mi;   - Parameter file with estimated parameters and covariance matrix: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a> <br>\n
   int i1,j1, k1,k2,k3,jk,aa,bb, stepsize, ij;   - Variance of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"prob%s\">prob%s</a> <br>\n
   int jnais,jdc,jint4,jint1,jint2,jint3,**outcome,**adl,*tab;   - Variance-covariance of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"probcov%s\">probcov%s</a> <br>\n
   int mobilav=0,popforecast=0;   - Correlation matrix of one-step probabilities: <a href=\"probcor%s\">probcor%s</a> <br>\n
   int hstepm, nhstepm;   - Variances and covariances of life expectancies by age and initial health status (estepm=%d months): <a href=\"v%s\">v%s</a><br>\n 
   double jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,jpyram, mpyram,anpyram,jpyram1, mpyram1,anpyram1, calagedate;   - Health expectancies with their variances (no covariance): <a href=\"t%s\">t%s</a> <br>\n
    - Standard deviation of stable prevalences: <a href=\"vpl%s\">vpl%s</a> <br>\n",rfileres,rfileres,fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres, estepm, fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres);
   double bage, fage, age, agelim, agebase;  
   double ftolpl=FTOL;   if(popforecast==1) fprintf(fichtm,"\n
   double **prlim;   - Prevalences forecasting: <a href=\"f%s\">f%s</a> <br>\n
   double *severity;   - Population forecasting (if popforecast=1): <a href=\"pop%s\">pop%s</a> <br>\n
   double ***param; /* Matrix of parameters */          <br>",fileres,fileres,fileres,fileres);
   double  *p;   else 
   double **matcov; /* Matrix of covariance */     fprintf(fichtm,"\n No population forecast: popforecast = %d (instead of 1) or stepm = %d (instead of 1) or model=%s (instead of .)<br><br></li>\n",popforecast, stepm, model);
   double ***delti3; /* Scale */  fprintf(fichtm," <ul><li><b>Graphs</b></li><p>");
   double *delti; /* Scale */  
   double ***eij, ***vareij;   m=cptcoveff;
   double **varpl; /* Variances of prevalence limits by age */   if (cptcovn < 1) {m=1;ncodemax[1]=1;}
   double *epj, vepp;  
   double kk1, kk2;   jj1=0;
   double dateprev1, dateprev2,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2;   for(k1=1; k1<=m;k1++){
       for(i1=1; i1<=ncodemax[k1];i1++){
        jj1++;
   char version[80]="Imach version 0.8a, May 2002, INED-EUROREVES ";       if (cptcovn > 0) {
   char *alph[]={"a","a","b","c","d","e"}, str[4];         fprintf(fichtm,"<hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">************ Results for covariates");
          for (cpt=1; cpt<=cptcoveff;cpt++) 
            fprintf(fichtm," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[cpt],nbcode[Tvaraff[cpt]][codtab[jj1][cpt]]);
   char z[1]="c", occ;         fprintf(fichtm," ************\n<hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">");
 #include <sys/time.h>       }
 #include <time.h>       for(cpt=1; cpt<=nlstate;cpt++) {
   char stra[80], strb[80], strc[80], strd[80],stre[80],modelsav[80];         fprintf(fichtm,"<br>- Observed and stationary prevalence (with confident
    interval) in state (%d): v%s%d%d.png <br>
   /* long total_usecs;  <img src=\"v%s%d%d.png\">",cpt,strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,jj1,strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,jj1);  
   struct timeval start_time, end_time;       }
       } /* end i1 */
   gettimeofday(&start_time, (struct timezone*)0); */ /* at first time */   }/* End k1 */
   getcwd(pathcd, size);   fprintf(fichtm,"</ul>");
   fclose(fichtm);
   printf("\n%s",version);  }
   if(argc <=1){  
     printf("\nEnter the parameter file name: ");  /******************* Gnuplot file **************/
     scanf("%s",pathtot);  void printinggnuplot(char fileres[], double ageminpar, double agemaxpar, double fage , char pathc[], double p[]){
   }  
   else{    int m,cpt,k1,i,k,j,jk,k2,k3,ij,l;
     strcpy(pathtot,argv[1]);    int ng;
   }    if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"a"))==NULL) {
   /*if(getcwd(pathcd, 80)!= NULL)printf ("Error pathcd\n");*/      printf("Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot);
   /*cygwin_split_path(pathtot,path,optionfile);      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot);
     printf("pathtot=%s, path=%s, optionfile=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile);*/    }
   /* cutv(path,optionfile,pathtot,'\\');*/  
     /*#ifdef windows */
   split(pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);      fprintf(ficgp,"cd \"%s\" \n",pathc);
    printf("pathtot=%s, path=%s, optionfile=%s optionfilext=%s optionfilefiname=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);      /*#endif */
   chdir(path);  m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
   replace(pathc,path);    
    /* 1eme*/
 /*-------- arguments in the command line --------*/    for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {
      for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) {
   strcpy(fileres,"r");       fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"v%s%d%d.png\" \n",strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,k1);
   strcat(fileres, optionfilefiname);       fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability\" \nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65\nplot [%.f:%.f] \"vpl%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",ageminpar,fage,fileres,k1-1,k1-1);
   strcat(fileres,".txt");    /* Other files have txt extension */  
        for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
   /*---------arguments file --------*/         if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
          else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
   if((ficpar=fopen(optionfile,"r"))==NULL)    {       }
     printf("Problem with optionfile %s\n",optionfile);       fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"Stable prevalence\" w l 0,\"vpl%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+2*$3) \"\%%lf",fileres,k1-1,k1-1);
     goto end;       for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
   }         if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
          else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
   strcpy(filereso,"o");       } 
   strcat(filereso,fileres);       fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"95\%% CI\" w l 1,\"vpl%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-2*$3) \"\%%lf",fileres,k1-1,k1-1); 
   if((ficparo=fopen(filereso,"w"))==NULL) {       for (i=1; i<= nlstate ; i ++) {
     printf("Problem with Output resultfile: %s\n", filereso);goto end;         if (i==cpt) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
   }         else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
        }  
   /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */       fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l 1,\"p%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d) t\"Observed prevalence \" w l 2",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,2+4*(cpt-1));
   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){     }
     ungetc(c,ficpar);    }
     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);    /*2 eme*/
     puts(line);    
     fputs(line,ficparo);    for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) { 
   }      fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"e%s%d.png\" \n",strtok(optionfile, "."),k1);
   ungetc(c,ficpar);      fprintf(ficgp,"set ylabel \"Years\" \nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65\nplot [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,fage);
       
   fscanf(ficpar,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%lf stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n",title, datafile, &lastobs, &firstpass,&lastpass,&ftol, &stepm, &ncovcol, &nlstate,&ndeath, &maxwav, &mle, &weightopt,model);      for (i=1; i<= nlstate+1 ; i ++) {
   printf("title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate,ndeath, maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);        k=2*i;
   fprintf(ficparo,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol,nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);        fprintf(ficgp,"\"t%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:2 \"\%%lf",fileres,k1-1,k1-1);
 while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){        for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
     ungetc(c,ficpar);          if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);          else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
     puts(line);        }   
     fputs(line,ficparo);        if (i== 1) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"TLE\" w l ,");
   }        else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"LE in state (%d)\" w l ,",i-1);
   ungetc(c,ficpar);        fprintf(ficgp,"\"t%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2-$3*2) \"\%%lf",fileres,k1-1,k1-1);
          for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
              if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
   covar=matrix(0,NCOVMAX,1,n);          else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
   cptcovn=0;        }   
   if (strlen(model)>1) cptcovn=nbocc(model,'+')+1;        fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l 0,");
         fprintf(ficgp,"\"t%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($2+$3*2) \"\%%lf",fileres,k1-1,k1-1);
   ncovmodel=2+cptcovn;        for (j=1; j<= nlstate+1 ; j ++) {
   nvar=ncovmodel-1; /* Suppressing age as a basic covariate */          if (j==i) fprintf(ficgp," \%%lf (\%%lf)");
            else fprintf(ficgp," \%%*lf (\%%*lf)");
   /* Read guess parameters */        }   
   /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */        if (i== (nlstate+1)) fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l 0");
   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){        else fprintf(ficgp,"\" t\"\" w l 0,");
     ungetc(c,ficpar);      }
     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);    }
     puts(line);    
     fputs(line,ficparo);    /*3eme*/
   }    
   ungetc(c,ficpar);    for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) { 
        for (cpt=1; cpt<= nlstate ; cpt ++) {
   param= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);        k=2+nlstate*(2*cpt-2);
     for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++)        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"exp%s%d%d.png\" \n",strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,k1);
     for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath-1; j++){        fprintf(ficgp,"set ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65\nplot [%.f:%.f] \"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d1\" w l",ageminpar,fage,fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,cpt);
       fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);        /*fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d-2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
       fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);          for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
       printf("%1d%1d",i,j);          fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
       for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){          fprintf(ficgp,",\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:($%d+2*$%d) \"\%%lf ",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k,k+1);
         fscanf(ficpar," %lf",&param[i][j][k]);          for (i=1; i<= nlstate*2 ; i ++) fprintf(ficgp,"\%%lf (\%%lf) ");
         printf(" %lf",param[i][j][k]);          fprintf(ficgp,"\" t \"e%d1\" w l",cpt);
         fprintf(ficparo," %lf",param[i][j][k]);          
       }        */
       fscanf(ficpar,"\n");        for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++) {
       printf("\n");          fprintf(ficgp," ,\"e%s\" every :::%d::%d u 1:%d t \"e%d%d\" w l",fileres,k1-1,k1-1,k+2*i,cpt,i+1);
       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");          
     }        } 
        }
     npar= (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel;    }
     
   p=param[1][1];    /* CV preval stat */
      for (k1=1; k1<= m ; k1 ++) { 
   /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */      for (cpt=1; cpt<nlstate ; cpt ++) {
   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){        k=3;
     ungetc(c,ficpar);        fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"p%s%d%d.png\" \n",strtok(optionfile, "."),cpt,k1);
     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);        fprintf(ficgp,"set xlabel \"Age\" \nset ylabel \"Probability\" \nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65\nplot [%.f:%.f] \"pij%s\" u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",ageminpar,agemaxpar,fileres,k1,k+cpt+1,k+1);
     puts(line);        
     fputs(line,ficparo);        for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++)
   }          fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",k+i+1);
   ungetc(c,ficpar);        fprintf(ficgp,")) t\"prev(%d,%d)\" w l",cpt,cpt+1);
         
   delti3= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);        l=3+(nlstate+ndeath)*cpt;
   delti=vector(1,npar); /* Scale of each paramater (output from hesscov) */        fprintf(ficgp,",\"pij%s\" u ($1==%d ? ($3):1/0):($%d/($%d",fileres,k1,l+cpt+1,l+1);
   for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){        for (i=1; i< nlstate ; i ++) {
     for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath-1; j++){          l=3+(nlstate+ndeath)*cpt;
       fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);          fprintf(ficgp,"+$%d",l+i+1);
       printf("%1d%1d",i,j);        }
       fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);        fprintf(ficgp,")) t\"prev(%d,%d)\" w l\n",cpt+1,cpt+1);   
       for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){      } 
         fscanf(ficpar,"%le",&delti3[i][j][k]);    }  
         printf(" %le",delti3[i][j][k]);    
         fprintf(ficparo," %le",delti3[i][j][k]);    /* proba elementaires */
       }    for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
       fscanf(ficpar,"\n");      for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
       printf("\n");        if (k != i) {
       fprintf(ficparo,"\n");          for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
     }            fprintf(ficgp,"p%d=%f ",jk,p[jk]);
   }            jk++; 
   delti=delti3[1][1];            fprintf(ficgp,"\n");
            }
   /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */        }
   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){      }
     ungetc(c,ficpar);     }
     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);  
     puts(line);     for(ng=1; ng<=2;ng++){ /* Number of graphics: first is probabilities second is incidence per year*/
     fputs(line,ficparo);       for(jk=1; jk <=m; jk++) {
   }         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset out \"pe%s%d%d.png\" \n",strtok(optionfile, "."),jk,ng); 
   ungetc(c,ficpar);         if (ng==2)
             fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ylabel \"Quasi-incidence per year\"\n");
   matcov=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);         else
   for(i=1; i <=npar; i++){           fprintf(ficgp,"\nset title \"Probability\"\n");
     fscanf(ficpar,"%s",&str);         fprintf(ficgp,"\nset ter png small\nset size 0.65,0.65\nset log y\nplot  [%.f:%.f] ",ageminpar,agemaxpar);
     printf("%s",str);         i=1;
     fprintf(ficparo,"%s",str);         for(k2=1; k2<=nlstate; k2++) {
     for(j=1; j <=i; j++){           k3=i;
       fscanf(ficpar," %le",&matcov[i][j]);           for(k=1; k<=(nlstate+ndeath); k++) {
       printf(" %.5le",matcov[i][j]);             if (k != k2){
       fprintf(ficparo," %.5le",matcov[i][j]);               if(ng==2)
     }                 fprintf(ficgp," %f*exp(p%d+p%d*x",YEARM/stepm,i,i+1);
     fscanf(ficpar,"\n");               else
     printf("\n");                 fprintf(ficgp," exp(p%d+p%d*x",i,i+1);
     fprintf(ficparo,"\n");               ij=1;
   }               for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel; j++) {
   for(i=1; i <=npar; i++)                 if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) {
     for(j=i+1;j<=npar;j++)                   fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",i+j-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]);
       matcov[i][j]=matcov[j][i];                   ij++;
                     }
   printf("\n");                 else
                    fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",i+j-1,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);
                }
     /*-------- Rewriting paramater file ----------*/               fprintf(ficgp,")/(1");
      strcpy(rfileres,"r");    /* "Rparameterfile */               
      strcat(rfileres,optionfilefiname);    /* Parameter file first name*/               for(k1=1; k1 <=nlstate; k1++){   
      strcat(rfileres,".");    /* */                 fprintf(ficgp,"+exp(p%d+p%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel,k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1);
      strcat(rfileres,optionfilext);    /* Other files have txt extension */                 ij=1;
     if((ficres =fopen(rfileres,"w"))==NULL) {                 for(j=3; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
       printf("Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", fileres);goto end;                   if(((j-2)==Tage[ij]) &&(ij <=cptcovage)) {
     }                     fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d*x",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][Tvar[j-2]]]);
     fprintf(ficres,"#%s\n",version);                     ij++;
                       }
     /*-------- data file ----------*/                   else
     if((fic=fopen(datafile,"r"))==NULL)    {                     fprintf(ficgp,"+p%d*%d",k3+(k1-1)*ncovmodel+1+j-2,nbcode[Tvar[j-2]][codtab[jk][j-2]]);
       printf("Problem with datafile: %s\n", datafile);goto end;                 }
     }                 fprintf(ficgp,")");
                }
     n= lastobs;               fprintf(ficgp,") t \"p%d%d\" ", k2,k);
     severity = vector(1,maxwav);               if ((k+k2)!= (nlstate*2+ndeath)) fprintf(ficgp,",");
     outcome=imatrix(1,maxwav+1,1,n);               i=i+ncovmodel;
     num=ivector(1,n);             }
     moisnais=vector(1,n);           } /* end k */
     annais=vector(1,n);         } /* end k2 */
     moisdc=vector(1,n);       } /* end jk */
     andc=vector(1,n);     } /* end ng */
     agedc=vector(1,n);     fclose(ficgp); 
     cod=ivector(1,n);  }  /* end gnuplot */
     weight=vector(1,n);  
     for(i=1;i<=n;i++) weight[i]=1.0; /* Equal weights, 1 by default */  
     mint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);  /*************** Moving average **************/
     anint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);  int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav){
     s=imatrix(1,maxwav+1,1,n);  
     adl=imatrix(1,maxwav+1,1,n);        int i, cpt, cptcod;
     tab=ivector(1,NCOVMAX);    int modcovmax =1;
     ncodemax=ivector(1,8);    int mobilavrange, mob;
     double age;
     i=1;  
     while (fgets(line, MAXLINE, fic) != NULL)    {    modcovmax=2*cptcoveff;/* Max number of modalities. We suppose 
       if ((i >= firstobs) && (i <=lastobs)) {                             a covariate has 2 modalities */
            if (cptcovn<1) modcovmax=1; /* At least 1 pass */
         for (j=maxwav;j>=1;j--){  
           cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); s[j][i]=atoi(strb);    if(mobilav==1||mobilav ==3 ||mobilav==5 ||mobilav== 7){
           strcpy(line,stra);      if(mobilav==1) mobilavrange=5; /* default */
           cutv(stra, strb,line,'/'); anint[j][i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);      else mobilavrange=mobilav;
           cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); mint[j][i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);      for (age=bage; age<=fage; age++)
         }        for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                  for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=modcovmax;cptcod++)
         cutv(stra, strb,line,'/'); andc[i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);            mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
         cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); moisdc[i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);      /* We keep the original values on the extreme ages bage, fage and for 
          fage+1 and bage-1 we use a 3 terms moving average; for fage+2 bage+2
         cutv(stra, strb,line,'/'); annais[i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);         we use a 5 terms etc. until the borders are no more concerned. 
         cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); moisnais[i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);      */ 
       for (mob=3;mob <=mobilavrange;mob=mob+2){
         cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); weight[i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);        for (age=bage+(mob-1)/2; age<=fage-(mob-1)/2; age++){
         for (j=ncovcol;j>=1;j--){          for (i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
           cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); covar[j][i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);            for (cptcod=1;cptcod<=modcovmax;cptcod++){
         }              mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] =probs[(int)age][i][cptcod];
         num[i]=atol(stra);                for (cpt=1;cpt<=(mob-1)/2;cpt++){
                          mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age-cpt][i][cptcod];
         /*if((s[2][i]==2) && (s[3][i]==-1)&&(s[4][i]==9)){                  mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod] +=probs[(int)age+cpt][i][cptcod];
           printf("%d %.lf %.lf %.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d\n",num[i],(covar[1][i]), (covar[2][i]),weight[i], (moisnais[i]), (annais[i]), (moisdc[i]), (andc[i]), (mint[1][i]), (anint[1][i]), (s[1][i]),  (mint[2][i]), (anint[2][i]), (s[2][i]),  (mint[3][i]), (anint[3][i]), (s[3][i]),  (mint[4][i]), (anint[4][i]), (s[4][i])); ij=ij+1;}*/                }
               mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][cptcod]/mob;
         i=i+1;            }
       }          }
     }        }/* end age */
     /* printf("ii=%d", ij);      }/* end mob */
        scanf("%d",i);*/    }else return -1;
   imx=i-1; /* Number of individuals */    return 0;
   }/* End movingaverage */
   /* for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){  
     if ((s[1][i]==3) && (s[2][i]==2)) s[2][i]=3;  
     if ((s[2][i]==3) && (s[3][i]==2)) s[3][i]=3;  /************** Forecasting ******************/
     if ((s[3][i]==3) && (s[4][i]==2)) s[4][i]=3;  prevforecast(char fileres[], double anproj1,double mproj1,double jproj1,double ageminpar, double agemax,double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double agedeb, double fage, int popforecast, char popfile[], double anproj2,double p[], int i2){
     }*/    
    /*  for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){    int cpt, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j,k,c, cptcod, i,h;
      if (s[4][i]==9)  s[4][i]=-1;    int *popage;
      printf("%d %.lf %.lf %.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d\n",num[i],(covar[1][i]), (covar[2][i]), (weight[i]), (moisnais[i]), (annais[i]), (moisdc[i]), (andc[i]), (mint[1][i]), (anint[1][i]), (s[1][i]),  (mint[2][i]), (anint[2][i]), (s[2][i]),  (mint[3][i]), (anint[3][i]), (s[3][i]),  (mint[4][i]), (anint[4][i]), (s[4][i]));}*/    double calagedate, agelim, kk1, kk2, yp,yp1,yp2,jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean;
      double *popeffectif,*popcount;
      double ***p3mat;
   /* Calculation of the number of parameter from char model*/    double ***mobaverage;
   Tvar=ivector(1,15);    char fileresf[FILENAMELENGTH];
   Tprod=ivector(1,15);  
   Tvaraff=ivector(1,15);   agelim=AGESUP;
   Tvard=imatrix(1,15,1,2);   calagedate=(anproj1+mproj1/12.+jproj1/365.-dateintmean)*YEARM;
   Tage=ivector(1,15);        
        prevalence(ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,dateprev1,dateprev2, calagedate);
   if (strlen(model) >1){   
     j=0, j1=0, k1=1, k2=1;   
     j=nbocc(model,'+');    strcpy(fileresf,"f"); 
     j1=nbocc(model,'*');    strcat(fileresf,fileres);
     cptcovn=j+1;    if((ficresf=fopen(fileresf,"w"))==NULL) {
     cptcovprod=j1;      printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresf);
          fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", fileresf);
     strcpy(modelsav,model);    }
     if ((strcmp(model,"age")==0) || (strcmp(model,"age*age")==0)){    printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", fileresf);
       printf("Error. Non available option model=%s ",model);    fprintf(ficlog,"Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", fileresf);
       goto end;  
     }    if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;
      
     for(i=(j+1); i>=1;i--){    if (mobilav!=0) {
       cutv(stra,strb,modelsav,'+');      mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
       if (nbocc(modelsav,'+')==0) strcpy(strb,modelsav);      if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
       /*      printf("i=%d a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n",i, stra,strb,modelsav);*/        fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
       /*scanf("%d",i);*/        printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
       if (strchr(strb,'*')) {      }
         cutv(strd,strc,strb,'*');    }
         if (strcmp(strc,"age")==0) {  
           cptcovprod--;    stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
           cutv(strb,stre,strd,'V');    if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;
           Tvar[i]=atoi(stre);    
           cptcovage++;    agelim=AGESUP;
             Tage[cptcovage]=i;    
             /*printf("stre=%s ", stre);*/    hstepm=1;
         }    hstepm=hstepm/stepm; 
         else if (strcmp(strd,"age")==0) {    yp1=modf(dateintmean,&yp);
           cptcovprod--;    anprojmean=yp;
           cutv(strb,stre,strc,'V');    yp2=modf((yp1*12),&yp);
           Tvar[i]=atoi(stre);    mprojmean=yp;
           cptcovage++;    yp1=modf((yp2*30.5),&yp);
           Tage[cptcovage]=i;    jprojmean=yp;
         }    if(jprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
         else {    if(mprojmean==0) jprojmean=1;
           cutv(strb,stre,strc,'V');    
           Tvar[i]=ncovcol+k1;    fprintf(ficresf,"# Estimated date of observed prevalence: %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jprojmean,mprojmean,anprojmean); 
           cutv(strb,strc,strd,'V');    
           Tprod[k1]=i;    for(cptcov=1;cptcov<=i2;cptcov++){
           Tvard[k1][1]=atoi(strc);      for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){
           Tvard[k1][2]=atoi(stre);        k=k+1;
           Tvar[cptcovn+k2]=Tvard[k1][1];        fprintf(ficresf,"\n#******");
           Tvar[cptcovn+k2+1]=Tvard[k1][2];        for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
           for (k=1; k<=lastobs;k++)          fprintf(ficresf," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
             covar[ncovcol+k1][k]=covar[atoi(stre)][k]*covar[atoi(strc)][k];        }
           k1++;        fprintf(ficresf,"******\n");
           k2=k2+2;        fprintf(ficresf,"# StartingAge FinalAge");
         }        for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) fprintf(ficresf," P.%d",j);
       }        
       else {        
         /*printf("d=%s c=%s b=%s\n", strd,strc,strb);*/        for (cpt=0; cpt<=(anproj2-anproj1);cpt++) { 
        /*  scanf("%d",i);*/          fprintf(ficresf,"\n");
       cutv(strd,strc,strb,'V');          fprintf(ficresf,"\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jproj1,mproj1,anproj1+cpt);   
       Tvar[i]=atoi(strc);  
       }          for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedate %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedate %12)/12.); agedeb--){ 
       strcpy(modelsav,stra);              nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); 
       /*printf("a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n", stra,strb,modelsav);            nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; 
         scanf("%d",i);*/            
     }            p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
 }            oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
              hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);  
   /* printf("tvar1=%d tvar2=%d tvar3=%d cptcovage=%d Tage=%d",Tvar[1],Tvar[2],Tvar[3],cptcovage,Tage[1]);          
   printf("cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);            for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
   scanf("%d ",i);*/              if (h==(int) (calagedate+YEARM*cpt)) {
     fclose(fic);                fprintf(ficresf,"\n %.f %.f ",anproj1+cpt,agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
               } 
     /*  if(mle==1){*/              for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
     if (weightopt != 1) { /* Maximisation without weights*/                kk1=0.;kk2=0;
       for(i=1;i<=n;i++) weight[i]=1.0;                for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {              
     }                  if (mobilav==1) 
     /*-calculation of age at interview from date of interview and age at death -*/                    kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];
     agev=matrix(1,maxwav,1,imx);                  else {
                     kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agedeb+1)][i][cptcod];
     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {                  }
       for(m=2; (m<= maxwav); m++) {                  
        if ((mint[m][i]== 99) && (s[m][i] <= nlstate)){                }
          anint[m][i]=9999;                if (h==(int)(calagedate+12*cpt)){
          s[m][i]=-1;                  fprintf(ficresf," %.3f", kk1);
        }                          
      if(moisdc[i]==99 && andc[i]==9999 & s[m][i]>nlstate) s[m][i]=-1;                }
       }              }
     }            }
             free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {          }
       agedc[i]=(moisdc[i]/12.+andc[i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+annais[i]);        }
       for(m=1; (m<= maxwav); m++){      }
         if(s[m][i] >0){    }
           if (s[m][i] >= nlstate+1) {         
             if(agedc[i]>0)    if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
               if(moisdc[i]!=99 && andc[i]!=9999)  
                 agev[m][i]=agedc[i];    fclose(ficresf);
             /*if(moisdc[i]==99 && andc[i]==9999) s[m][i]=-1;*/  }
            else {  /************** Forecasting ******************/
               if (andc[i]!=9999){  populforecast(char fileres[], double anpyram,double mpyram,double jpyram,double ageminpar, double agemax,double dateprev1, double dateprev2, int mobilav, double agedeb, double fage, int popforecast, char popfile[], double anpyram1,double p[], int i2){
               printf("Warning negative age at death: %d line:%d\n",num[i],i);    
               agev[m][i]=-1;    int cpt, stepsize, hstepm, nhstepm, j,k,c, cptcod, i,h;
               }    int *popage;
             }    double calagedate, agelim, kk1, kk2;
           }    double *popeffectif,*popcount;
           else if(s[m][i] !=9){ /* Should no more exist */    double ***p3mat,***tabpop,***tabpopprev;
             agev[m][i]=(mint[m][i]/12.+1./24.+anint[m][i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+1./24.+annais[i]);    double ***mobaverage;
             if(mint[m][i]==99 || anint[m][i]==9999)    char filerespop[FILENAMELENGTH];
               agev[m][i]=1;  
             else if(agev[m][i] <agemin){    tabpop= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
               agemin=agev[m][i];    tabpopprev= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
               /*printf(" Min anint[%d][%d]=%.2f annais[%d]=%.2f, agemin=%.2f\n",m,i,anint[m][i], i,annais[i], agemin);*/    agelim=AGESUP;
             }    calagedate=(anpyram+mpyram/12.+jpyram/365.-dateintmean)*YEARM;
             else if(agev[m][i] >agemax){    
               agemax=agev[m][i];    prevalence(ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,dateprev1,dateprev2, calagedate);
              /* printf(" anint[%d][%d]=%.0f annais[%d]=%.0f, agemax=%.0f\n",m,i,anint[m][i], i,annais[i], agemax);*/    
             }    
             /*agev[m][i]=anint[m][i]-annais[i];*/    strcpy(filerespop,"pop"); 
             /*   agev[m][i] = age[i]+2*m;*/    strcat(filerespop,fileres);
           }    if((ficrespop=fopen(filerespop,"w"))==NULL) {
           else { /* =9 */      printf("Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop);
             agev[m][i]=1;      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with forecast resultfile: %s\n", filerespop);
             s[m][i]=-1;    }
           }    printf("Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop);
         }    fprintf(ficlog,"Computing forecasting: result on file '%s' \n", filerespop);
         else /*= 0 Unknown */  
           agev[m][i]=1;    if (cptcoveff==0) ncodemax[cptcoveff]=1;
       }  
        if (mobilav!=0) {
     }      mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {      if (movingaverage(probs, ageminpar, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
       for(m=1; (m<= maxwav); m++){        fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
         if (s[m][i] > (nlstate+ndeath)) {        printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
           printf("Error: Wrong value in nlstate or ndeath\n");        }
           goto end;    }
         }  
       }    stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
     }    if (stepm<=12) stepsize=1;
     
 printf("Total number of individuals= %d, Agemin = %.2f, Agemax= %.2f\n\n", imx, agemin, agemax);    agelim=AGESUP;
     
     free_vector(severity,1,maxwav);    hstepm=1;
     free_imatrix(outcome,1,maxwav+1,1,n);    hstepm=hstepm/stepm; 
     free_vector(moisnais,1,n);    
     free_vector(annais,1,n);    if (popforecast==1) {
     /* free_matrix(mint,1,maxwav,1,n);      if((ficpop=fopen(popfile,"r"))==NULL) {
        free_matrix(anint,1,maxwav,1,n);*/        printf("Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0);
     free_vector(moisdc,1,n);        fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with population file : %s\n",popfile);exit(0);
     free_vector(andc,1,n);      } 
       popage=ivector(0,AGESUP);
          popeffectif=vector(0,AGESUP);
     wav=ivector(1,imx);      popcount=vector(0,AGESUP);
     dh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);      
     mw=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);      i=1;   
          while ((c=fscanf(ficpop,"%d %lf\n",&popage[i],&popcount[i])) != EOF) i=i+1;
     /* Concatenates waves */     
       concatwav(wav, dh, mw, s, agedc, agev,  firstpass, lastpass, imx, nlstate, stepm);      imx=i;
       for (i=1; i<imx;i++) popeffectif[popage[i]]=popcount[i];
     }
       Tcode=ivector(1,100);  
       nbcode=imatrix(0,NCOVMAX,0,NCOVMAX);    for(cptcov=1;cptcov<=i2;cptcov++){
       ncodemax[1]=1;     for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcoveff];cptcod++){
       if (cptcovn > 0) tricode(Tvar,nbcode,imx);        k=k+1;
              fprintf(ficrespop,"\n#******");
    codtab=imatrix(1,100,1,10);        for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
    h=0;          fprintf(ficrespop," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
    m=pow(2,cptcoveff);        }
          fprintf(ficrespop,"******\n");
    for(k=1;k<=cptcoveff; k++){        fprintf(ficrespop,"# Age");
      for(i=1; i <=(m/pow(2,k));i++){        for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) fprintf(ficrespop," P.%d",j);
        for(j=1; j <= ncodemax[k]; j++){        if (popforecast==1)  fprintf(ficrespop," [Population]");
          for(cpt=1; cpt <=(m/pow(2,cptcoveff+1-k)); cpt++){        
            h++;        for (cpt=0; cpt<=0;cpt++) { 
            if (h>m) h=1;codtab[h][k]=j;codtab[h][Tvar[k]]=j;          fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);   
            /*  printf("h=%d k=%d j=%d codtab[h][k]=%d tvar[k]=%d \n",h, k,j,codtab[h][k],Tvar[k]);*/          
          }          for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedate %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedate %12)/12.); agedeb--){ 
        }            nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); 
      }            nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; 
    }            
    /* printf("codtab[1][2]=%d codtab[2][2]=%d",codtab[1][2],codtab[2][2]);            p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
       codtab[1][2]=1;codtab[2][2]=2; */            oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
    /* for(i=1; i <=m ;i++){            hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);  
       for(k=1; k <=cptcovn; k++){          
       printf("i=%d k=%d %d %d ",i,k,codtab[i][k], cptcoveff);            for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
       }              if (h==(int) (calagedate+YEARM*cpt)) {
       printf("\n");                fprintf(ficrespop,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
       }              } 
       scanf("%d",i);*/              for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
                    kk1=0.;kk2=0;
    /* Calculates basic frequencies. Computes observed prevalence at single age                for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {              
        and prints on file fileres'p'. */                  if (mobilav==1) 
                     kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*mobaverage[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];
                      else {
                        kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*probs[(int)(agedeb+1)][i][cptcod];
     pmmij= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */                  }
     oldms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */                }
     newms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */                if (h==(int)(calagedate+12*cpt)){
     savms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */                  tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod]=kk1;
     oldm=oldms; newm=newms; savm=savms; /* Keeps fixed addresses to free */                    /*fprintf(ficrespop," %.3f", kk1);
                            if (popforecast==1) fprintf(ficrespop," [%.f]", kk1*popeffectif[(int)agedeb+1]);*/
     /* For Powell, parameters are in a vector p[] starting at p[1]                }
        so we point p on param[1][1] so that p[1] maps on param[1][1][1] */              }
     p=param[1][1]; /* *(*(*(param +1)+1)+0) */              for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++){
                 kk1=0.;
     if(mle==1){                  for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++){
     mlikeli(ficres,p, npar, ncovmodel, nlstate, ftol, func);                    kk1= kk1+tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][j][cptcod]; 
     }                  }
                        tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]=tabpop[(int)(agedeb)][i][cptcod]/kk1*popeffectif[(int)(agedeb+(calagedate+12*cpt)*hstepm/YEARM*stepm-1)];
     /*--------- results files --------------*/              }
     fprintf(ficres,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle= 0 weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate, ndeath, maxwav, weightopt,model);  
                if (h==(int)(calagedate+12*cpt)) for(j=1; j<=nlstate;j++) 
                 fprintf(ficrespop," %15.2f",tabpopprev[(int)(agedeb+1)][j][cptcod]);
    jk=1;            }
    fprintf(ficres,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");            free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
    printf("# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");          }
    for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){        }
      for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){   
        if (k != i)    /******/
          {  
            printf("%d%d ",i,k);        for (cpt=1; cpt<=(anpyram1-anpyram);cpt++) { 
            fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d ",i,k);          fprintf(ficrespop,"\n\n# Forecasting at date %.lf/%.lf/%.lf ",jpyram,mpyram,anpyram+cpt);   
            for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){          for (agedeb=(fage-((int)calagedate %12/12.)); agedeb>=(ageminpar-((int)calagedate %12)/12.); agedeb--){ 
              printf("%f ",p[jk]);            nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); 
              fprintf(ficres,"%f ",p[jk]);            nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; 
              jk++;            
            }            p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
            printf("\n");            oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
            fprintf(ficres,"\n");            hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);  
          }            for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
      }              if (h==(int) (calagedate+YEARM*cpt)) {
    }                fprintf(ficresf,"\n %3.f ",agedeb+h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm);
  if(mle==1){              } 
     /* Computing hessian and covariance matrix */              for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++) {
     ftolhess=ftol; /* Usually correct */                kk1=0.;kk2=0;
     hesscov(matcov, p, npar, delti, ftolhess, func);                for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) {              
  }                  kk1=kk1+p3mat[i][j][h]*tabpopprev[(int)agedeb+1][i][cptcod];    
     fprintf(ficres,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");                }
     printf("# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");                if (h==(int)(calagedate+12*cpt)) fprintf(ficresf," %15.2f", kk1); 
      for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){              }
       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){            }
         if (j!=i) {            free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
           fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d",i,j);          }
           printf("%1d%1d",i,j);        }
           for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){     } 
             printf(" %.5e",delti[jk]);    }
             fprintf(ficres," %.5e",delti[jk]);   
             jk++;    if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
           }  
           printf("\n");    if (popforecast==1) {
           fprintf(ficres,"\n");      free_ivector(popage,0,AGESUP);
         }      free_vector(popeffectif,0,AGESUP);
       }      free_vector(popcount,0,AGESUP);
      }    }
        free_ma3x(tabpop,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
     k=1;    free_ma3x(tabpopprev,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
     fprintf(ficres,"# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");    fclose(ficrespop);
     printf("# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");  }
     for(i=1;i<=npar;i++){  
       /*  if (k>nlstate) k=1;  /***********************************************/
       i1=(i-1)/(ncovmodel*nlstate)+1;  /**************** Main Program *****************/
       fprintf(ficres,"%s%d%d",alph[k],i1,tab[i]);  /***********************************************/
       printf("%s%d%d",alph[k],i1,tab[i]);*/  
       fprintf(ficres,"%3d",i);  int main(int argc, char *argv[])
       printf("%3d",i);  {
       for(j=1; j<=i;j++){    int movingaverage(double ***probs, double bage,double fage, double ***mobaverage, int mobilav);
         fprintf(ficres," %.5e",matcov[i][j]);    int i,j, k, n=MAXN,iter,m,size,cptcode, cptcod;
         printf(" %.5e",matcov[i][j]);    double agedeb, agefin,hf;
       }    double ageminpar=1.e20,agemin=1.e20, agemaxpar=-1.e20, agemax=-1.e20;
       fprintf(ficres,"\n");  
       printf("\n");    double fret;
       k++;    double **xi,tmp,delta;
     }  
        double dum; /* Dummy variable */
     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){    double ***p3mat;
       ungetc(c,ficpar);    double ***mobaverage;
       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);    int *indx;
       puts(line);    char line[MAXLINE], linepar[MAXLINE];
       fputs(line,ficparo);    char path[80],pathc[80],pathcd[80],pathtot[80],model[80];
     }    int firstobs=1, lastobs=10;
     ungetc(c,ficpar);    int sdeb, sfin; /* Status at beginning and end */
     estepm=0;    int c,  h , cpt,l;
     fscanf(ficpar,"agemin=%lf agemax=%lf bage=%lf fage=%lf estepm=%d\n",&ageminpar,&agemaxpar, &bage, &fage, &estepm);    int ju,jl, mi;
     if (estepm==0 || estepm < stepm) estepm=stepm;    int i1,j1, k1,k2,k3,jk,aa,bb, stepsize, ij;
     if (fage <= 2) {    int jnais,jdc,jint4,jint1,jint2,jint3,**outcome,*tab; 
       bage = ageminpar;    int mobilav=0,popforecast=0;
       fage = agemaxpar;    int hstepm, nhstepm;
     }    double jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,jpyram, mpyram,anpyram,jpyram1, mpyram1,anpyram1, calagedate;
      
     fprintf(ficres,"# agemin agemax for life expectancy, bage fage (if mle==0 ie no data nor Max likelihood).\n");    double bage, fage, age, agelim, agebase;
     fprintf(ficres,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);    double ftolpl=FTOL;
     fprintf(ficparo,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);    double **prlim;
      double *severity;
     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){    double ***param; /* Matrix of parameters */
     ungetc(c,ficpar);    double  *p;
     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);    double **matcov; /* Matrix of covariance */
     puts(line);    double ***delti3; /* Scale */
     fputs(line,ficparo);    double *delti; /* Scale */
   }    double ***eij, ***vareij;
   ungetc(c,ficpar);    double **varpl; /* Variances of prevalence limits by age */
      double *epj, vepp;
   fscanf(ficpar,"begin-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf end-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf\n",&jprev1, &mprev1,&anprev1,&jprev2, &mprev2,&anprev2);    double kk1, kk2;
   fprintf(ficparo,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2);    double dateprev1, dateprev2,jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2;
  fprintf(ficres,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2);  
          char *alph[]={"a","a","b","c","d","e"}, str[4];
   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){  
     ungetc(c,ficpar);  
     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);    char z[1]="c", occ;
     puts(line);  #include <sys/time.h>
     fputs(line,ficparo);  #include <time.h>
   }    char stra[80], strb[80], strc[80], strd[80],stre[80],modelsav[80];
   ungetc(c,ficpar);   
      /* long total_usecs;
        struct timeval start_time, end_time;
    dateprev1=anprev1+mprev1/12.+jprev1/365.;    
    dateprev2=anprev2+mprev2/12.+jprev2/365.;       gettimeofday(&start_time, (struct timezone*)0); */ /* at first time */
     getcwd(pathcd, size);
   fscanf(ficpar,"pop_based=%d\n",&popbased);  
   fprintf(ficparo,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);      printf("\n%s",version);
   fprintf(ficres,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);      if(argc <=1){
        printf("\nEnter the parameter file name: ");
   while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){      scanf("%s",pathtot);
     ungetc(c,ficpar);    }
     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);    else{
     puts(line);      strcpy(pathtot,argv[1]);
     fputs(line,ficparo);    }
   }    /*if(getcwd(pathcd, 80)!= NULL)printf ("Error pathcd\n");*/
   ungetc(c,ficpar);    /*cygwin_split_path(pathtot,path,optionfile);
       printf("pathtot=%s, path=%s, optionfile=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile);*/
   fscanf(ficpar,"starting-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf final-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mov_average=%d\n",&jproj1,&mproj1,&anproj1,&jproj2,&mproj2,&anproj2,&mobilav);    /* cutv(path,optionfile,pathtot,'\\');*/
 fprintf(ficparo,"starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilav);  
 fprintf(ficres,"starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2,mobilav);    split(pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
     printf("pathtot=%s, path=%s, optionfile=%s optionfilext=%s optionfilefiname=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
     chdir(path);
 while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){    replace(pathc,path);
     ungetc(c,ficpar);  
     fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);    /*-------- arguments in the command line --------*/
     puts(line);  
     fputs(line,ficparo);    /* Log file */
   }    strcat(filelog, optionfilefiname);
   ungetc(c,ficpar);    strcat(filelog,".log");    /* */
     if((ficlog=fopen(filelog,"w"))==NULL)    {
   fscanf(ficpar,"popforecast=%d popfile=%s popfiledate=%lf/%lf/%lf last-popfiledate=%lf/%lf/%lf\n",&popforecast,popfile,&jpyram,&mpyram,&anpyram,&jpyram1,&mpyram1,&anpyram1);      printf("Problem with logfile %s\n",filelog);
   fprintf(ficparo,"popforecast=%d popfile=%s popfiledate=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf last-popfiledate=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",popforecast,popfile,jpyram,mpyram,anpyram,jpyram1,mpyram1,anpyram1);      goto end;
   fprintf(ficres,"popforecast=%d popfile=%s popfiledate=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf last-popfiledate=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",popforecast,popfile,jpyram,mpyram,anpyram,jpyram1,mpyram1,anpyram1);    }
     fprintf(ficlog,"Log filename:%s\n",filelog);
  freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,dateprev1,dateprev2,jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2);    fprintf(ficlog,"\n%s",version);
     fprintf(ficlog,"\nEnter the parameter file name: ");
 /*------------ gnuplot -------------*/    fprintf(ficlog,"pathtot=%s, path=%s, optionfile=%s optionfilext=%s optionfilefiname=%s\n",pathtot,path,optionfile,optionfilext,optionfilefiname);
  printinggnuplot(fileres,optionfilefiname,optionfile,optionfilegnuplot, ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, pathc,p);    fflush(ficlog);
    
 /*------------ free_vector  -------------*/    /* */
  chdir(path);    strcpy(fileres,"r");
      strcat(fileres, optionfilefiname);
  free_ivector(wav,1,imx);    strcat(fileres,".txt");    /* Other files have txt extension */
  free_imatrix(dh,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);  
  free_imatrix(mw,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);      /*---------arguments file --------*/
  free_ivector(num,1,n);  
  free_vector(agedc,1,n);    if((ficpar=fopen(optionfile,"r"))==NULL)    {
  /*free_matrix(covar,1,NCOVMAX,1,n);*/      printf("Problem with optionfile %s\n",optionfile);
  fclose(ficparo);      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with optionfile %s\n",optionfile);
  fclose(ficres);      goto end;
     }
 /*--------- index.htm --------*/  
     strcpy(filereso,"o");
   printinghtml(fileres,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, stepm, weightopt,model,imx,jmin,jmax,jmean,optionfile,optionfilehtm,rfileres,optionfilegnuplot,version,popforecast,estepm);    strcat(filereso,fileres);
     if((ficparo=fopen(filereso,"w"))==NULL) {
        printf("Problem with Output resultfile: %s\n", filereso);
   /*--------------- Prevalence limit --------------*/      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Output resultfile: %s\n", filereso);
        goto end;
   strcpy(filerespl,"pl");    }
   strcat(filerespl,fileres);  
   if((ficrespl=fopen(filerespl,"w"))==NULL) {    /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
     printf("Problem with Prev limit resultfile: %s\n", filerespl);goto end;    while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
   }      ungetc(c,ficpar);
   printf("Computing prevalence limit: result on file '%s' \n", filerespl);      fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
   fprintf(ficrespl,"#Prevalence limit\n");      puts(line);
   fprintf(ficrespl,"#Age ");      fputs(line,ficparo);
   for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrespl,"%d-%d ",i,i);    }
   fprintf(ficrespl,"\n");    ungetc(c,ficpar);
    
   prlim=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);    fscanf(ficpar,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%lf stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d model=%s\n",title, datafile, &lastobs, &firstpass,&lastpass,&ftol, &stepm, &ncovcol, &nlstate,&ndeath, &maxwav, &mle, &weightopt,model);
   pmmij= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */    printf("title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate,ndeath, maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
   oldms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */    fprintf(ficparo,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle=%d weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol,stepm,ncovcol,nlstate,ndeath,maxwav, mle, weightopt,model);
   newms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */    while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
   savms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */      ungetc(c,ficpar);
   oldm=oldms; newm=newms; savm=savms; /* Keeps fixed addresses to free */      fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
   k=0;      puts(line);
   agebase=ageminpar;      fputs(line,ficparo);
   agelim=agemaxpar;    }
   ftolpl=1.e-10;    ungetc(c,ficpar);
   i1=cptcoveff;    
   if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}     
     covar=matrix(0,NCOVMAX,1,n); 
   for(cptcov=1;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){    cptcovn=0; /*Number of covariates, i.e. number of '+' in model statement*/
     for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){    if (strlen(model)>1) cptcovn=nbocc(model,'+')+1;
         k=k+1;  
         /*printf("cptcov=%d cptcod=%d codtab=%d nbcode=%d\n",cptcov, cptcod,Tcode[cptcode],codtab[cptcod][cptcov]);*/    ncovmodel=2+cptcovn; /*Number of variables = cptcovn + intercept + age */
         fprintf(ficrespl,"\n#******");    nvar=ncovmodel-1; /* Suppressing age as a basic covariate */
         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)    
           fprintf(ficrespl," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);    /* Read guess parameters */
         fprintf(ficrespl,"******\n");    /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
            while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
         for (age=agebase; age<=agelim; age++){      ungetc(c,ficpar);
           prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm,ftolpl,k);      fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
           fprintf(ficrespl,"%.0f",age );      puts(line);
           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)      fputs(line,ficparo);
           fprintf(ficrespl," %.5f", prlim[i][i]);    }
           fprintf(ficrespl,"\n");    ungetc(c,ficpar);
         }    
       }    param= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
     }    for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++)
   fclose(ficrespl);      for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath-1; j++){
         fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);
   /*------------- h Pij x at various ages ------------*/        fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
          if(mle==1)
   strcpy(filerespij,"pij");  strcat(filerespij,fileres);          printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
   if((ficrespij=fopen(filerespij,"w"))==NULL) {        fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i,j);
     printf("Problem with Pij resultfile: %s\n", filerespij);goto end;        for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
   }          fscanf(ficpar," %lf",&param[i][j][k]);
   printf("Computing pij: result on file '%s' \n", filerespij);          if(mle==1){
              printf(" %lf",param[i][j][k]);
   stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;            fprintf(ficlog," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
   /*if (stepm<=24) stepsize=2;*/          }
           else
   agelim=AGESUP;            fprintf(ficlog," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
   hstepm=stepsize*YEARM; /* Every year of age */          fprintf(ficparo," %lf",param[i][j][k]);
   hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */        }
          fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
   k=0;        if(mle==1)
   for(cptcov=1;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){          printf("\n");
     for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){        fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
       k=k+1;        fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
         fprintf(ficrespij,"\n#****** ");      }
         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)    
           fprintf(ficrespij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);    npar= (nlstate+ndeath-1)*nlstate*ncovmodel; /* Number of parameters*/
         fprintf(ficrespij,"******\n");  
            p=param[1][1];
         for (agedeb=fage; agedeb>=bage; agedeb--){ /* If stepm=6 months */    
           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */    /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */    while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);      ungetc(c,ficpar);
           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;      fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);        puts(line);
           fprintf(ficrespij,"# Age");      fputs(line,ficparo);
           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)    }
             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)    ungetc(c,ficpar);
               fprintf(ficrespij," %1d-%1d",i,j);  
           fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");    delti3= ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
            for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){    delti=vector(1,npar); /* Scale of each paramater (output from hesscov) */
             fprintf(ficrespij,"%d %.0f %.0f",k,agedeb, agedeb+ h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm );    for(i=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
             for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)      for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath-1; j++){
               for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)        fscanf(ficpar,"%1d%1d",&i1,&j1);
                 fprintf(ficrespij," %.5f", p3mat[i][j][h]);        printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
             fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");        fprintf(ficparo,"%1d%1d",i1,j1);
              }        for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);          fscanf(ficpar,"%le",&delti3[i][j][k]);
           fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");          printf(" %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
         }          fprintf(ficparo," %le",delti3[i][j][k]);
     }        }
   }        fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
         printf("\n");
   varprob(fileres, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, (int) bage, (int) fage,k,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax);        fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
       }
   fclose(ficrespij);    }
     delti=delti3[1][1];
     
   /*---------- Forecasting ------------------*/    /* Reads comments: lines beginning with '#' */
   if((stepm == 1) && (strcmp(model,".")==0)){    while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
     prevforecast(fileres, anproj1,mproj1,jproj1, agemin,agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2,mobilav, agedeb, fage, popforecast, popfile, anproj2,p, i1);      ungetc(c,ficpar);
     if (popforecast==1) populforecast(fileres, anpyram,mpyram,jpyram, agemin,agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2,mobilav, agedeb, fage, popforecast, popfile, anpyram1,p, i1);      fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
   }      puts(line);
   else{      fputs(line,ficparo);
     erreur=108;    }
     printf("Warning %d!! You can only forecast the prevalences if the optimization\n  has been performed with stepm = 1 (month) instead of %d or model=. instead of '%s'\n", erreur, stepm, model);    ungetc(c,ficpar);
   }    
      matcov=matrix(1,npar,1,npar);
     for(i=1; i <=npar; i++){
   /*---------- Health expectancies and variances ------------*/      fscanf(ficpar,"%s",&str);
       if(mle==1)
   strcpy(filerest,"t");        printf("%s",str);
   strcat(filerest,fileres);      fprintf(ficlog,"%s",str);
   if((ficrest=fopen(filerest,"w"))==NULL) {      fprintf(ficparo,"%s",str);
     printf("Problem with total LE resultfile: %s\n", filerest);goto end;      for(j=1; j <=i; j++){
   }        fscanf(ficpar," %le",&matcov[i][j]);
   printf("Computing Total LEs with variances: file '%s' \n", filerest);        if(mle==1){
           printf(" %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
           fprintf(ficlog," %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
   strcpy(filerese,"e");        }
   strcat(filerese,fileres);        else
   if((ficreseij=fopen(filerese,"w"))==NULL) {          fprintf(ficlog," %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
     printf("Problem with Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerese); exit(0);        fprintf(ficparo," %.5le",matcov[i][j]);
   }      }
   printf("Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerese);      fscanf(ficpar,"\n");
       if(mle==1)
  strcpy(fileresv,"v");        printf("\n");
   strcat(fileresv,fileres);      fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
   if((ficresvij=fopen(fileresv,"w"))==NULL) {      fprintf(ficparo,"\n");
     printf("Problem with variance resultfile: %s\n", fileresv);exit(0);    }
   }    for(i=1; i <=npar; i++)
   printf("Computing Variance-covariance of DFLEs: file '%s' \n", fileresv);      for(j=i+1;j<=npar;j++)
   calagedate=-1;        matcov[i][j]=matcov[j][i];
 prevalence(ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,dateprev1,dateprev2, calagedate);     
     if(mle==1)
   k=0;      printf("\n");
   for(cptcov=1;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){    fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
     for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){  
       k=k+1;  
       fprintf(ficrest,"\n#****** ");    /*-------- Rewriting paramater file ----------*/
       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)    strcpy(rfileres,"r");    /* "Rparameterfile */
         fprintf(ficrest,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);    strcat(rfileres,optionfilefiname);    /* Parameter file first name*/
       fprintf(ficrest,"******\n");    strcat(rfileres,".");    /* */
     strcat(rfileres,optionfilext);    /* Other files have txt extension */
       fprintf(ficreseij,"\n#****** ");    if((ficres =fopen(rfileres,"w"))==NULL) {
       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)      printf("Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", fileres);goto end;
         fprintf(ficreseij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);      fprintf(ficlog,"Problem writing new parameter file: %s\n", fileres);goto end;
       fprintf(ficreseij,"******\n");    }
     fprintf(ficres,"#%s\n",version);
       fprintf(ficresvij,"\n#****** ");      
       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)    /*-------- data file ----------*/
         fprintf(ficresvij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);    if((fic=fopen(datafile,"r"))==NULL)    {
       fprintf(ficresvij,"******\n");      printf("Problem with datafile: %s\n", datafile);goto end;
       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with datafile: %s\n", datafile);goto end;
       eij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);    }
       oldm=oldms;savm=savms;  
       evsij(fileres, eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, delti, matcov);      n= lastobs;
      severity = vector(1,maxwav);
       vareij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);    outcome=imatrix(1,maxwav+1,1,n);
       oldm=oldms;savm=savms;    num=ivector(1,n);
        varevsij(fileres, vareij, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k, estepm);    moisnais=vector(1,n);
        annais=vector(1,n);
     moisdc=vector(1,n);
      andc=vector(1,n);
       fprintf(ficrest,"#Total LEs with variances: e.. (std) ");    agedc=vector(1,n);
       for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrest,"e.%d (std) ",i);    cod=ivector(1,n);
       fprintf(ficrest,"\n");    weight=vector(1,n);
     for(i=1;i<=n;i++) weight[i]=1.0; /* Equal weights, 1 by default */
       epj=vector(1,nlstate+1);    mint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);
       for(age=bage; age <=fage ;age++){    anint=matrix(1,maxwav,1,n);
         prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm,ftolpl,k);    s=imatrix(1,maxwav+1,1,n);
         if (popbased==1) {    tab=ivector(1,NCOVMAX);
           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)    ncodemax=ivector(1,8);
             prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][k];  
         }    i=1;
            while (fgets(line, MAXLINE, fic) != NULL)    {
         fprintf(ficrest," %4.0f",age);      if ((i >= firstobs) && (i <=lastobs)) {
         for(j=1, epj[nlstate+1]=0.;j <=nlstate;j++){          
           for(i=1, epj[j]=0.;i <=nlstate;i++) {        for (j=maxwav;j>=1;j--){
             epj[j] += prlim[i][i]*eij[i][j][(int)age];          cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); s[j][i]=atoi(strb); 
             /*  printf("%lf %lf ", prlim[i][i] ,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/          strcpy(line,stra);
           }          cutv(stra, strb,line,'/'); anint[j][i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);
           epj[nlstate+1] +=epj[j];          cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); mint[j][i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);
         }        }
           
         for(i=1, vepp=0.;i <=nlstate;i++)        cutv(stra, strb,line,'/'); andc[i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);
           for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++)        cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); moisdc[i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);
             vepp += vareij[i][j][(int)age];  
         fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[nlstate+1],sqrt(vepp));        cutv(stra, strb,line,'/'); annais[i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);
         for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++){        cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); moisnais[i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);
           fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[j],sqrt(vareij[j][j][(int)age]));  
         }        cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); weight[i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);
         fprintf(ficrest,"\n");        for (j=ncovcol;j>=1;j--){
       }          cutv(stra, strb,line,' '); covar[j][i]=(double)(atoi(strb)); strcpy(line,stra);
     }        } 
   }        num[i]=atol(stra);
 free_matrix(mint,1,maxwav,1,n);          
     free_matrix(anint,1,maxwav,1,n); free_imatrix(s,1,maxwav+1,1,n);        /*if((s[2][i]==2) && (s[3][i]==-1)&&(s[4][i]==9)){
     free_vector(weight,1,n);          printf("%d %.lf %.lf %.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d\n",num[i],(covar[1][i]), (covar[2][i]),weight[i], (moisnais[i]), (annais[i]), (moisdc[i]), (andc[i]), (mint[1][i]), (anint[1][i]), (s[1][i]),  (mint[2][i]), (anint[2][i]), (s[2][i]),  (mint[3][i]), (anint[3][i]), (s[3][i]),  (mint[4][i]), (anint[4][i]), (s[4][i])); ij=ij+1;}*/
   fclose(ficreseij);  
   fclose(ficresvij);        i=i+1;
   fclose(ficrest);      }
   fclose(ficpar);    }
   free_vector(epj,1,nlstate+1);    /* printf("ii=%d", ij);
         scanf("%d",i);*/
   /*------- Variance limit prevalence------*/      imx=i-1; /* Number of individuals */
   
   strcpy(fileresvpl,"vpl");    /* for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){
   strcat(fileresvpl,fileres);      if ((s[1][i]==3) && (s[2][i]==2)) s[2][i]=3;
   if((ficresvpl=fopen(fileresvpl,"w"))==NULL) {      if ((s[2][i]==3) && (s[3][i]==2)) s[3][i]=3;
     printf("Problem with variance prev lim resultfile: %s\n", fileresvpl);      if ((s[3][i]==3) && (s[4][i]==2)) s[4][i]=3;
     exit(0);      }*/
   }     /*  for (i=1; i<=imx; i++){
   printf("Computing Variance-covariance of Prevalence limit: file '%s' \n", fileresvpl);       if (s[4][i]==9)  s[4][i]=-1; 
        printf("%d %.lf %.lf %.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d %.lf/%.lf %d\n",num[i],(covar[1][i]), (covar[2][i]), (weight[i]), (moisnais[i]), (annais[i]), (moisdc[i]), (andc[i]), (mint[1][i]), (anint[1][i]), (s[1][i]),  (mint[2][i]), (anint[2][i]), (s[2][i]),  (mint[3][i]), (anint[3][i]), (s[3][i]),  (mint[4][i]), (anint[4][i]), (s[4][i]));}*/
   k=0;    
   for(cptcov=1;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){   
     for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){    /* Calculation of the number of parameter from char model*/
       k=k+1;    Tvar=ivector(1,15); /* stores the number n of the covariates in Vm+Vn at 1 and m at 2 */
       fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n#****** ");    Tprod=ivector(1,15); 
       for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++)    Tvaraff=ivector(1,15); 
         fprintf(ficresvpl,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);    Tvard=imatrix(1,15,1,2);
       fprintf(ficresvpl,"******\n");    Tage=ivector(1,15);      
           
       varpl=matrix(1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);    if (strlen(model) >1){ /* If there is at least 1 covariate */
       oldm=oldms;savm=savms;      j=0, j1=0, k1=1, k2=1;
      varprevlim(fileres, varpl, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k);      j=nbocc(model,'+'); /* j=Number of '+' */
     }      j1=nbocc(model,'*'); /* j1=Number of '*' */
  }      cptcovn=j+1; 
       cptcovprod=j1; /*Number of products */
   fclose(ficresvpl);      
       strcpy(modelsav,model); 
   /*---------- End : free ----------------*/      if ((strcmp(model,"age")==0) || (strcmp(model,"age*age")==0)){
   free_matrix(varpl,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);        printf("Error. Non available option model=%s ",model);
          fprintf(ficlog,"Error. Non available option model=%s ",model);
   free_ma3x(vareij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);        goto end;
   free_ma3x(eij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);      }
        
        /* This loop fills the array Tvar from the string 'model'.*/
   free_matrix(pmmij,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);  
   free_matrix(oldms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);      for(i=(j+1); i>=1;i--){
   free_matrix(newms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);        cutv(stra,strb,modelsav,'+'); /* keeps in strb after the last + */ 
   free_matrix(savms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);        if (nbocc(modelsav,'+')==0) strcpy(strb,modelsav); /* and analyzes it */
          /*      printf("i=%d a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n",i, stra,strb,modelsav);*/
   free_matrix(matcov,1,npar,1,npar);        /*scanf("%d",i);*/
   free_vector(delti,1,npar);        if (strchr(strb,'*')) {  /* Model includes a product */
   free_matrix(agev,1,maxwav,1,imx);          cutv(strd,strc,strb,'*'); /* strd*strc  Vm*Vn (if not *age)*/
   free_ma3x(param,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);          if (strcmp(strc,"age")==0) { /* Vn*age */
             cptcovprod--;
   if(erreur >0)            cutv(strb,stre,strd,'V');
     printf("End of Imach with error or warning %d\n",erreur);            Tvar[i]=atoi(stre); /* computes n in Vn and stores in Tvar*/
   else   printf("End of Imach\n");            cptcovage++;
   /*  gettimeofday(&end_time, (struct timezone*)0);*/  /* after time */              Tage[cptcovage]=i;
                /*printf("stre=%s ", stre);*/
   /* printf("Total time was %d Sec. %d uSec.\n", end_time.tv_sec -start_time.tv_sec, end_time.tv_usec -start_time.tv_usec);*/          }
   /*printf("Total time was %d uSec.\n", total_usecs);*/          else if (strcmp(strd,"age")==0) { /* or age*Vn */
   /*------ End -----------*/            cptcovprod--;
             cutv(strb,stre,strc,'V');
             Tvar[i]=atoi(stre);
  end:            cptcovage++;
   /* chdir(pathcd);*/            Tage[cptcovage]=i;
  /*system("wgnuplot graph.plt");*/          }
  /*system("../gp37mgw/wgnuplot graph.plt");*/          else {  /* Age is not in the model */
  /*system("cd ../gp37mgw");*/            cutv(strb,stre,strc,'V'); /* strc= Vn, stre is n*/
  /* system("..\\gp37mgw\\wgnuplot graph.plt");*/            Tvar[i]=ncovcol+k1;
  strcpy(plotcmd,GNUPLOTPROGRAM);            cutv(strb,strc,strd,'V'); /* strd was Vm, strc is m */
  strcat(plotcmd," ");            Tprod[k1]=i;
  strcat(plotcmd,optionfilegnuplot);            Tvard[k1][1]=atoi(strc); /* m*/
  system(plotcmd);            Tvard[k1][2]=atoi(stre); /* n */
             Tvar[cptcovn+k2]=Tvard[k1][1];
  /*#ifdef windows*/            Tvar[cptcovn+k2+1]=Tvard[k1][2]; 
   while (z[0] != 'q') {            for (k=1; k<=lastobs;k++) 
     /* chdir(path); */              covar[ncovcol+k1][k]=covar[atoi(stre)][k]*covar[atoi(strc)][k];
     printf("\nType e to edit output files, g to graph again, c to start again, and q for exiting: ");            k1++;
     scanf("%s",z);            k2=k2+2;
     if (z[0] == 'c') system("./imach");          }
     else if (z[0] == 'e') system(optionfilehtm);        }
     else if (z[0] == 'g') system(plotcmd);        else { /* no more sum */
     else if (z[0] == 'q') exit(0);          /*printf("d=%s c=%s b=%s\n", strd,strc,strb);*/
   }         /*  scanf("%d",i);*/
   /*#endif */        cutv(strd,strc,strb,'V');
 }        Tvar[i]=atoi(strc);
         }
         strcpy(modelsav,stra);  
         /*printf("a=%s b=%s sav=%s\n", stra,strb,modelsav);
           scanf("%d",i);*/
       } /* end of loop + */
     } /* end model */
     
     /*The number n of Vn is stored in Tvar. cptcovage =number of age covariate. Tage gives the position of age. cptcovprod= number of products.
       If model=V1+V1*age then Tvar[1]=1 Tvar[2]=1 cptcovage=1 Tage[1]=2 cptcovprod=0*/
   
     /* printf("tvar1=%d tvar2=%d tvar3=%d cptcovage=%d Tage=%d",Tvar[1],Tvar[2],Tvar[3],cptcovage,Tage[1]);
     printf("cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
     fprintf(ficlog,"cptcovprod=%d ", cptcovprod);
   
     scanf("%d ",i);
     fclose(fic);*/
   
       /*  if(mle==1){*/
     if (weightopt != 1) { /* Maximisation without weights*/
       for(i=1;i<=n;i++) weight[i]=1.0;
     }
       /*-calculation of age at interview from date of interview and age at death -*/
     agev=matrix(1,maxwav,1,imx);
   
     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++) {
       for(m=2; (m<= maxwav); m++) {
         if ((mint[m][i]== 99) && (s[m][i] <= nlstate)){
           anint[m][i]=9999;
           s[m][i]=-1;
         }
         if(moisdc[i]==99 && andc[i]==9999 & s[m][i]>nlstate) s[m][i]=-1;
       }
     }
   
     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {
       agedc[i]=(moisdc[i]/12.+andc[i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+annais[i]);
       for(m=1; (m<= maxwav); m++){
         if(s[m][i] >0){
           if (s[m][i] >= nlstate+1) {
             if(agedc[i]>0)
               if(moisdc[i]!=99 && andc[i]!=9999)
                 agev[m][i]=agedc[i];
             /*if(moisdc[i]==99 && andc[i]==9999) s[m][i]=-1;*/
               else {
                 if (andc[i]!=9999){
                   printf("Warning negative age at death: %d line:%d\n",num[i],i);
                   fprintf(ficlog,"Warning negative age at death: %d line:%d\n",num[i],i);
                   agev[m][i]=-1;
                 }
               }
           }
           else if(s[m][i] !=9){ /* Should no more exist */
             agev[m][i]=(mint[m][i]/12.+1./24.+anint[m][i])-(moisnais[i]/12.+1./24.+annais[i]);
             if(mint[m][i]==99 || anint[m][i]==9999)
               agev[m][i]=1;
             else if(agev[m][i] <agemin){ 
               agemin=agev[m][i];
               /*printf(" Min anint[%d][%d]=%.2f annais[%d]=%.2f, agemin=%.2f\n",m,i,anint[m][i], i,annais[i], agemin);*/
             }
             else if(agev[m][i] >agemax){
               agemax=agev[m][i];
               /* printf(" anint[%d][%d]=%.0f annais[%d]=%.0f, agemax=%.0f\n",m,i,anint[m][i], i,annais[i], agemax);*/
             }
             /*agev[m][i]=anint[m][i]-annais[i];*/
             /*     agev[m][i] = age[i]+2*m;*/
           }
           else { /* =9 */
             agev[m][i]=1;
             s[m][i]=-1;
           }
         }
         else /*= 0 Unknown */
           agev[m][i]=1;
       }
       
     }
     for (i=1; i<=imx; i++)  {
       for(m=1; (m<= maxwav); m++){
         if (s[m][i] > (nlstate+ndeath)) {
           printf("Error: on wave %d of individual %d status %d > (nlstate+ndeath)=(%d+%d)=%d\n",m,i,s[m][i],nlstate, ndeath, nlstate+ndeath);     
           fprintf(ficlog,"Error: on wave %d of individual %d status %d > (nlstate+ndeath)=(%d+%d)=%d\n",m,i,s[m][i],nlstate, ndeath, nlstate+ndeath);     
           goto end;
         }
       }
     }
   
     printf("Total number of individuals= %d, Agemin = %.2f, Agemax= %.2f\n\n", imx, agemin, agemax);
     fprintf(ficlog,"Total number of individuals= %d, Agemin = %.2f, Agemax= %.2f\n\n", imx, agemin, agemax); 
   
     free_vector(severity,1,maxwav);
     free_imatrix(outcome,1,maxwav+1,1,n);
     free_vector(moisnais,1,n);
     free_vector(annais,1,n);
     /* free_matrix(mint,1,maxwav,1,n);
        free_matrix(anint,1,maxwav,1,n);*/
     free_vector(moisdc,1,n);
     free_vector(andc,1,n);
   
      
     wav=ivector(1,imx);
     dh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
     bh=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
     mw=imatrix(1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
      
     /* Concatenates waves */
     concatwav(wav, dh, bh, mw, s, agedc, agev,  firstpass, lastpass, imx, nlstate, stepm);
   
     /* Routine tricode is to calculate cptcoveff (real number of unique covariates) and to associate covariable number and modality */
   
     Tcode=ivector(1,100);
     nbcode=imatrix(0,NCOVMAX,0,NCOVMAX); 
     ncodemax[1]=1;
     if (cptcovn > 0) tricode(Tvar,nbcode,imx);
         
     codtab=imatrix(1,100,1,10); /* Cross tabulation to get the order of 
                                    the estimations*/
     h=0;
     m=pow(2,cptcoveff);
    
     for(k=1;k<=cptcoveff; k++){
       for(i=1; i <=(m/pow(2,k));i++){
         for(j=1; j <= ncodemax[k]; j++){
           for(cpt=1; cpt <=(m/pow(2,cptcoveff+1-k)); cpt++){
             h++;
             if (h>m) h=1;codtab[h][k]=j;codtab[h][Tvar[k]]=j;
             /*  printf("h=%d k=%d j=%d codtab[h][k]=%d tvar[k]=%d \n",h, k,j,codtab[h][k],Tvar[k]);*/
           } 
         }
       }
     } 
     /* printf("codtab[1][2]=%d codtab[2][2]=%d",codtab[1][2],codtab[2][2]); 
        codtab[1][2]=1;codtab[2][2]=2; */
     /* for(i=1; i <=m ;i++){ 
        for(k=1; k <=cptcovn; k++){
        printf("i=%d k=%d %d %d ",i,k,codtab[i][k], cptcoveff);
        }
        printf("\n");
        }
        scanf("%d",i);*/
       
     /* Calculates basic frequencies. Computes observed prevalence at single age
        and prints on file fileres'p'. */
   
       pmmij= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
       oldms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
       newms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
       savms= matrix(1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath); /* creation */
       oldm=oldms; newm=newms; savm=savms; /* Keeps fixed addresses to free */
       
      
     /* For Powell, parameters are in a vector p[] starting at p[1]
        so we point p on param[1][1] so that p[1] maps on param[1][1][1] */
     p=param[1][1]; /* *(*(*(param +1)+1)+0) */
   
     if(mle>=1){ /* Could be 1 or 2 */
       mlikeli(ficres,p, npar, ncovmodel, nlstate, ftol, func);
     }
       
     /*--------- results files --------------*/
     fprintf(ficres,"title=%s datafile=%s lastobs=%d firstpass=%d lastpass=%d\nftol=%e stepm=%d ncovcol=%d nlstate=%d ndeath=%d maxwav=%d mle= 0 weight=%d\nmodel=%s\n", title, datafile, lastobs, firstpass,lastpass,ftol, stepm, ncovcol, nlstate, ndeath, maxwav, weightopt,model);
     
   
     jk=1;
     fprintf(ficres,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
     printf("# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
     fprintf(ficlog,"# Parameters nlstate*nlstate*ncov a12*1 + b12 * age + ...\n");
     for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
       for(k=1; k <=(nlstate+ndeath); k++){
         if (k != i) 
           {
             printf("%d%d ",i,k);
             fprintf(ficlog,"%d%d ",i,k);
             fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d ",i,k);
             for(j=1; j <=ncovmodel; j++){
               printf("%f ",p[jk]);
               fprintf(ficlog,"%f ",p[jk]);
               fprintf(ficres,"%f ",p[jk]);
               jk++; 
             }
             printf("\n");
             fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
             fprintf(ficres,"\n");
           }
       }
     }
     if(mle==1){
       /* Computing hessian and covariance matrix */
       ftolhess=ftol; /* Usually correct */
       hesscov(matcov, p, npar, delti, ftolhess, func);
     }
     fprintf(ficres,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
     printf("# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
     fprintf(ficlog,"# Scales (for hessian or gradient estimation)\n");
     for(i=1,jk=1; i <=nlstate; i++){
       for(j=1; j <=nlstate+ndeath; j++){
         if (j!=i) {
           fprintf(ficres,"%1d%1d",i,j);
           printf("%1d%1d",i,j);
           fprintf(ficlog,"%1d%1d",i,j);
           for(k=1; k<=ncovmodel;k++){
             printf(" %.5e",delti[jk]);
             fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",delti[jk]);
             fprintf(ficres," %.5e",delti[jk]);
             jk++;
           }
           printf("\n");
           fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
           fprintf(ficres,"\n");
         }
       }
     }
      
     fprintf(ficres,"# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
     if(mle==1)
       printf("# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
     fprintf(ficlog,"# Covariance matrix \n# 121 Var(a12)\n# 122 Cov(b12,a12) Var(b12)\n#   ...\n# 232 Cov(b23,a12)  Cov(b23,b12) ... Var (b23)\n");
     for(i=1,k=1;i<=npar;i++){
       /*  if (k>nlstate) k=1;
           i1=(i-1)/(ncovmodel*nlstate)+1; 
           fprintf(ficres,"%s%d%d",alph[k],i1,tab[i]);
           printf("%s%d%d",alph[k],i1,tab[i]);
       */
       fprintf(ficres,"%3d",i);
       if(mle==1)
         printf("%3d",i);
       fprintf(ficlog,"%3d",i);
       for(j=1; j<=i;j++){
         fprintf(ficres," %.5e",matcov[i][j]);
         if(mle==1)
           printf(" %.5e",matcov[i][j]);
         fprintf(ficlog," %.5e",matcov[i][j]);
       }
       fprintf(ficres,"\n");
       if(mle==1)
         printf("\n");
       fprintf(ficlog,"\n");
       k++;
     }
      
     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
       ungetc(c,ficpar);
       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
       puts(line);
       fputs(line,ficparo);
     }
     ungetc(c,ficpar);
   
     estepm=0;
     fscanf(ficpar,"agemin=%lf agemax=%lf bage=%lf fage=%lf estepm=%d\n",&ageminpar,&agemaxpar, &bage, &fage, &estepm);
     if (estepm==0 || estepm < stepm) estepm=stepm;
     if (fage <= 2) {
       bage = ageminpar;
       fage = agemaxpar;
     }
      
     fprintf(ficres,"# agemin agemax for life expectancy, bage fage (if mle==0 ie no data nor Max likelihood).\n");
     fprintf(ficres,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);
     fprintf(ficparo,"agemin=%.0f agemax=%.0f bage=%.0f fage=%.0f estepm=%d\n",ageminpar,agemaxpar,bage,fage, estepm);
      
     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
       ungetc(c,ficpar);
       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
       puts(line);
       fputs(line,ficparo);
     }
     ungetc(c,ficpar);
     
     fscanf(ficpar,"begin-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf end-prev-date=%lf/%lf/%lf mov_average=%d\n",&jprev1, &mprev1,&anprev1,&jprev2, &mprev2,&anprev2,&mobilav);
     fprintf(ficparo,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
     fprintf(ficres,"begin-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf end-prev-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf mov_average=%d\n",jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2,mobilav);
      
     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
       ungetc(c,ficpar);
       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
       puts(line);
       fputs(line,ficparo);
     }
     ungetc(c,ficpar);
    
   
     dateprev1=anprev1+mprev1/12.+jprev1/365.;
     dateprev2=anprev2+mprev2/12.+jprev2/365.;
   
     fscanf(ficpar,"pop_based=%d\n",&popbased);
     fprintf(ficparo,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);   
     fprintf(ficres,"pop_based=%d\n",popbased);   
     
     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
       ungetc(c,ficpar);
       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
       puts(line);
       fputs(line,ficparo);
     }
     ungetc(c,ficpar);
   
     fscanf(ficpar,"starting-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf final-proj-date=%lf/%lf/%lf\n",&jproj1,&mproj1,&anproj1,&jproj2,&mproj2,&anproj2);
     fprintf(ficparo,"starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2);
     fprintf(ficres,"starting-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf final-proj-date=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",jproj1,mproj1,anproj1,jproj2,mproj2,anproj2);
   
   
     while((c=getc(ficpar))=='#' && c!= EOF){
       ungetc(c,ficpar);
       fgets(line, MAXLINE, ficpar);
       puts(line);
       fputs(line,ficparo);
     }
     ungetc(c,ficpar);
   
     fscanf(ficpar,"popforecast=%d popfile=%s popfiledate=%lf/%lf/%lf last-popfiledate=%lf/%lf/%lf\n",&popforecast,popfile,&jpyram,&mpyram,&anpyram,&jpyram1,&mpyram1,&anpyram1);
     fprintf(ficparo,"popforecast=%d popfile=%s popfiledate=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf last-popfiledate=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",popforecast,popfile,jpyram,mpyram,anpyram,jpyram1,mpyram1,anpyram1);
     fprintf(ficres,"popforecast=%d popfile=%s popfiledate=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf last-popfiledate=%.lf/%.lf/%.lf\n",popforecast,popfile,jpyram,mpyram,anpyram,jpyram1,mpyram1,anpyram1);
   
     freqsummary(fileres, agemin, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvaraff,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,dateprev1,dateprev2,jprev1, mprev1,anprev1,jprev2, mprev2,anprev2);
   
     /*------------ gnuplot -------------*/
     strcpy(optionfilegnuplot,optionfilefiname);
     strcat(optionfilegnuplot,".gp");
     if((ficgp=fopen(optionfilegnuplot,"w"))==NULL) {
       printf("Problem with file %s",optionfilegnuplot);
     }
     else{
       fprintf(ficgp,"\n# %s\n", version); 
       fprintf(ficgp,"# %s\n", optionfilegnuplot); 
       fprintf(ficgp,"set missing 'NaNq'\n");
     }
     fclose(ficgp);
     printinggnuplot(fileres, ageminpar,agemaxpar,fage, pathc,p);
     /*--------- index.htm --------*/
   
     strcpy(optionfilehtm,optionfile);
     strcat(optionfilehtm,".htm");
     if((fichtm=fopen(optionfilehtm,"w"))==NULL)    {
       printf("Problem with %s \n",optionfilehtm), exit(0);
     }
   
     fprintf(fichtm,"<body> <font size=\"2\">%s </font> <hr size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\"> \n
   Title=%s <br>Datafile=%s Firstpass=%d Lastpass=%d Stepm=%d Weight=%d Model=%s<br>\n
   \n
   Total number of observations=%d <br>\n
   Interval (in months) between two waves: Min=%d Max=%d Mean=%.2lf<br>\n
   <hr  size=\"2\" color=\"#EC5E5E\">
    <ul><li><h4>Parameter files</h4>\n
    - Copy of the parameter file: <a href=\"o%s\">o%s</a><br>\n
    - Log file of the run: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a><br>\n
    - Gnuplot file name: <a href=\"%s\">%s</a></ul>\n",version,title,datafile,firstpass,lastpass,stepm, weightopt,model,imx,jmin,jmax,jmean,fileres,fileres,filelog,filelog,optionfilegnuplot,optionfilegnuplot);
     fclose(fichtm);
   
     printinghtml(fileres,title,datafile, firstpass, lastpass, stepm, weightopt,model,imx,jmin,jmax,jmean,rfileres,popforecast,estepm,jprev1,mprev1,anprev1,jprev2,mprev2,anprev2);
    
     /*------------ free_vector  -------------*/
     chdir(path);
    
     free_ivector(wav,1,imx);
     free_imatrix(dh,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
     free_imatrix(bh,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);
     free_imatrix(mw,1,lastpass-firstpass+1,1,imx);   
     free_ivector(num,1,n);
     free_vector(agedc,1,n);
     free_matrix(covar,0,NCOVMAX,1,n);
     /*free_matrix(covar,1,NCOVMAX,1,n);*/
     fclose(ficparo);
     fclose(ficres);
   
   
     /*--------------- Prevalence limit  (stable prevalence) --------------*/
     
     strcpy(filerespl,"pl");
     strcat(filerespl,fileres);
     if((ficrespl=fopen(filerespl,"w"))==NULL) {
       printf("Problem with stable prevalence resultfile: %s\n", filerespl);goto end;
       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with stable prevalence resultfile: %s\n", filerespl);goto end;
     }
     printf("Computing stable prevalence: result on file '%s' \n", filerespl);
     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing stable prevalence: result on file '%s' \n", filerespl);
     fprintf(ficrespl,"#Stable prevalence \n");
     fprintf(ficrespl,"#Age ");
     for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrespl,"%d-%d ",i,i);
     fprintf(ficrespl,"\n");
     
     prlim=matrix(1,nlstate,1,nlstate);
   
     agebase=ageminpar;
     agelim=agemaxpar;
     ftolpl=1.e-10;
     i1=cptcoveff;
     if (cptcovn < 1){i1=1;}
   
     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
         k=k+1;
         /*printf("cptcov=%d cptcod=%d codtab=%d nbcode=%d\n",cptcov, cptcod,Tcode[cptcode],codtab[cptcod][cptcov]);*/
         fprintf(ficrespl,"\n#******");
         printf("\n#******");
         fprintf(ficlog,"\n#******");
         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) {
           fprintf(ficrespl," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
           printf(" V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
           fprintf(ficlog," V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
         }
         fprintf(ficrespl,"******\n");
         printf("******\n");
         fprintf(ficlog,"******\n");
           
         for (age=agebase; age<=agelim; age++){
           prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm,ftolpl,k);
           fprintf(ficrespl,"%.0f",age );
           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
             fprintf(ficrespl," %.5f", prlim[i][i]);
           fprintf(ficrespl,"\n");
         }
       }
     }
     fclose(ficrespl);
   
     /*------------- h Pij x at various ages ------------*/
     
     strcpy(filerespij,"pij");  strcat(filerespij,fileres);
     if((ficrespij=fopen(filerespij,"w"))==NULL) {
       printf("Problem with Pij resultfile: %s\n", filerespij);goto end;
       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Pij resultfile: %s\n", filerespij);goto end;
     }
     printf("Computing pij: result on file '%s' \n", filerespij);
     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing pij: result on file '%s' \n", filerespij);
     
     stepsize=(int) (stepm+YEARM-1)/YEARM;
     /*if (stepm<=24) stepsize=2;*/
   
     agelim=AGESUP;
     hstepm=stepsize*YEARM; /* Every year of age */
     hstepm=hstepm/stepm; /* Typically 2 years, = 2/6 months = 4 */ 
   
     /* hstepm=1;   aff par mois*/
   
     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
         k=k+1;
         fprintf(ficrespij,"\n#****** ");
         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
           fprintf(ficrespij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
         fprintf(ficrespij,"******\n");
           
         for (agedeb=fage; agedeb>=bage; agedeb--){ /* If stepm=6 months */
           nhstepm=(int) rint((agelim-agedeb)*YEARM/stepm); /* Typically 20 years = 20*12/6=40 */ 
           nhstepm = nhstepm/hstepm; /* Typically 40/4=10 */
   
           /*        nhstepm=nhstepm*YEARM; aff par mois*/
   
           p3mat=ma3x(1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
           oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
           hpxij(p3mat,nhstepm,agedeb,hstepm,p,nlstate,stepm,oldm,savm, k);  
           fprintf(ficrespij,"# Age");
           for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
             for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
               fprintf(ficrespij," %1d-%1d",i,j);
           fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
           for (h=0; h<=nhstepm; h++){
             fprintf(ficrespij,"%d %f %f",k,agedeb, agedeb+ h*hstepm/YEARM*stepm );
             for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
               for(j=1; j<=nlstate+ndeath;j++)
                 fprintf(ficrespij," %.5f", p3mat[i][j][h]);
             fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
           }
           free_ma3x(p3mat,1,nlstate+ndeath,1, nlstate+ndeath, 0,nhstepm);
           fprintf(ficrespij,"\n");
         }
       }
     }
   
     varprob(optionfilefiname, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, (int) bage, (int) fage,k,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax);
   
     fclose(ficrespij);
   
   
     /*---------- Forecasting ------------------*/
     if((stepm == 1) && (strcmp(model,".")==0)){
       prevforecast(fileres, anproj1,mproj1,jproj1, agemin,agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2,mobilav, agedeb, fage, popforecast, popfile, anproj2,p, i1);
       if (popforecast==1) populforecast(fileres, anpyram,mpyram,jpyram, agemin,agemax, dateprev1, dateprev2,mobilav, agedeb, fage, popforecast, popfile, anpyram1,p, i1);
     } 
     else{
       erreur=108;
       printf("Warning %d!! You can only forecast the prevalences if the optimization\n  has been performed with stepm = 1 (month) instead of %d or model=. instead of '%s'\n", erreur, stepm, model);
       fprintf(ficlog,"Warning %d!! You can only forecast the prevalences if the optimization\n  has been performed with stepm = 1 (month) instead of %d or model=. instead of '%s'\n", erreur, stepm, model);
     }
     
   
     /*---------- Health expectancies and variances ------------*/
   
     strcpy(filerest,"t");
     strcat(filerest,fileres);
     if((ficrest=fopen(filerest,"w"))==NULL) {
       printf("Problem with total LE resultfile: %s\n", filerest);goto end;
       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with total LE resultfile: %s\n", filerest);goto end;
     }
     printf("Computing Total LEs with variances: file '%s' \n", filerest); 
     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Total LEs with variances: file '%s' \n", filerest); 
   
   
     strcpy(filerese,"e");
     strcat(filerese,fileres);
     if((ficreseij=fopen(filerese,"w"))==NULL) {
       printf("Problem with Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerese); exit(0);
       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with Health Exp. resultfile: %s\n", filerese); exit(0);
     }
     printf("Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerese);
     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Health Expectancies: result on file '%s' \n", filerese);
   
     strcpy(fileresv,"v");
     strcat(fileresv,fileres);
     if((ficresvij=fopen(fileresv,"w"))==NULL) {
       printf("Problem with variance resultfile: %s\n", fileresv);exit(0);
       fprintf(ficlog,"Problem with variance resultfile: %s\n", fileresv);exit(0);
     }
     printf("Computing Variance-covariance of DFLEs: file '%s' \n", fileresv);
     fprintf(ficlog,"Computing Variance-covariance of DFLEs: file '%s' \n", fileresv);
   
     calagedate=-1;
   
     prevalence(ageminpar, agemax, s, agev, nlstate, imx,Tvar,nbcode, ncodemax,mint,anint,dateprev1,dateprev2, calagedate);
   
     if (mobilav!=0) {
       mobaverage= ma3x(1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
       if (movingaverage(probs, bage, fage, mobaverage,mobilav)!=0){
         fprintf(ficlog," Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
         printf(" Error in movingaverage mobilav=%d\n",mobilav);
       }
     }
   
     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
         k=k+1; 
         fprintf(ficrest,"\n#****** ");
         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
           fprintf(ficrest,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
         fprintf(ficrest,"******\n");
   
         fprintf(ficreseij,"\n#****** ");
         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
           fprintf(ficreseij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
         fprintf(ficreseij,"******\n");
   
         fprintf(ficresvij,"\n#****** ");
         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
           fprintf(ficresvij,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
         fprintf(ficresvij,"******\n");
   
         eij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
         evsij(fileres, eij, p, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int)fage, oldm, savm, k, estepm, delti, matcov);  
    
         vareij=ma3x(1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
         varevsij(optionfilefiname, vareij, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k, estepm, cptcov,cptcod,0, mobilav);
         if(popbased==1){
           varevsij(optionfilefiname, vareij, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k, estepm, cptcov,cptcod,popbased,mobilav);
         }
   
    
         fprintf(ficrest,"#Total LEs with variances: e.. (std) ");
         for (i=1;i<=nlstate;i++) fprintf(ficrest,"e.%d (std) ",i);
         fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
   
         epj=vector(1,nlstate+1);
         for(age=bage; age <=fage ;age++){
           prevalim(prlim, nlstate, p, age, oldm, savm,ftolpl,k);
           if (popbased==1) {
             if(mobilav ==0){
               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                 prlim[i][i]=probs[(int)age][i][k];
             }else{ /* mobilav */ 
               for(i=1; i<=nlstate;i++)
                 prlim[i][i]=mobaverage[(int)age][i][k];
             }
           }
           
           fprintf(ficrest," %4.0f",age);
           for(j=1, epj[nlstate+1]=0.;j <=nlstate;j++){
             for(i=1, epj[j]=0.;i <=nlstate;i++) {
               epj[j] += prlim[i][i]*eij[i][j][(int)age];
               /*  printf("%lf %lf ", prlim[i][i] ,eij[i][j][(int)age]);*/
             }
             epj[nlstate+1] +=epj[j];
           }
   
           for(i=1, vepp=0.;i <=nlstate;i++)
             for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++)
               vepp += vareij[i][j][(int)age];
           fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[nlstate+1],sqrt(vepp));
           for(j=1;j <=nlstate;j++){
             fprintf(ficrest," %7.3f (%7.3f)", epj[j],sqrt(vareij[j][j][(int)age]));
           }
           fprintf(ficrest,"\n");
         }
         free_ma3x(eij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
         free_ma3x(vareij,1,nlstate,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
         free_vector(epj,1,nlstate+1);
       }
     }
     free_vector(weight,1,n);
     free_imatrix(Tvard,1,15,1,2);
     free_imatrix(s,1,maxwav+1,1,n);
     free_matrix(anint,1,maxwav,1,n); 
     free_matrix(mint,1,maxwav,1,n);
     free_ivector(cod,1,n);
     free_ivector(tab,1,NCOVMAX);
     fclose(ficreseij);
     fclose(ficresvij);
     fclose(ficrest);
     fclose(ficpar);
     
     /*------- Variance of stable prevalence------*/   
   
     strcpy(fileresvpl,"vpl");
     strcat(fileresvpl,fileres);
     if((ficresvpl=fopen(fileresvpl,"w"))==NULL) {
       printf("Problem with variance of stable prevalence  resultfile: %s\n", fileresvpl);
       exit(0);
     }
     printf("Computing Variance-covariance of stable prevalence: file '%s' \n", fileresvpl);
   
     for(cptcov=1,k=0;cptcov<=i1;cptcov++){
       for(cptcod=1;cptcod<=ncodemax[cptcov];cptcod++){
         k=k+1;
         fprintf(ficresvpl,"\n#****** ");
         for(j=1;j<=cptcoveff;j++) 
           fprintf(ficresvpl,"V%d=%d ",Tvaraff[j],nbcode[Tvaraff[j]][codtab[k][j]]);
         fprintf(ficresvpl,"******\n");
         
         varpl=matrix(1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int) fage);
         oldm=oldms;savm=savms;
         varprevlim(fileres, varpl, matcov, p, delti, nlstate, stepm, (int) bage, (int) fage, oldm, savm, prlim, ftolpl,k);
         free_matrix(varpl,1,nlstate,(int) bage, (int)fage);
       }
     }
   
     fclose(ficresvpl);
   
     /*---------- End : free ----------------*/
     free_matrix(pmmij,1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
     free_matrix(oldms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
     free_matrix(newms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
     free_matrix(savms, 1,nlstate+ndeath,1,nlstate+ndeath);
    
     free_matrix(matcov,1,npar,1,npar);
     free_vector(delti,1,npar);
     free_matrix(agev,1,maxwav,1,imx);
     free_ma3x(param,1,nlstate,1, nlstate+ndeath-1,1,ncovmodel);
     if (mobilav!=0) free_ma3x(mobaverage,1, AGESUP,1,NCOVMAX, 1,NCOVMAX);
     free_ivector(ncodemax,1,8);
     free_ivector(Tvar,1,15);
     free_ivector(Tprod,1,15);
     free_ivector(Tvaraff,1,15);
     free_ivector(Tage,1,15);
     free_ivector(Tcode,1,100);
   
     fprintf(fichtm,"\n</body>");
     fclose(fichtm);
     fclose(ficgp);
     
   
     if(erreur >0){
       printf("End of Imach with error or warning %d\n",erreur);
       fprintf(ficlog,"End of Imach with error or warning %d\n",erreur);
     }else{
      printf("End of Imach\n");
      fprintf(ficlog,"End of Imach\n");
     }
     printf("See log file on %s\n",filelog);
     fclose(ficlog);
     /*  gettimeofday(&end_time, (struct timezone*)0);*/  /* after time */
     
     /* printf("Total time was %d Sec. %d uSec.\n", end_time.tv_sec -start_time.tv_sec, end_time.tv_usec -start_time.tv_usec);*/
     /*printf("Total time was %d uSec.\n", total_usecs);*/
     /*------ End -----------*/
   
     end:
   #ifdef windows
     /* chdir(pathcd);*/
   #endif 
    /*system("wgnuplot graph.plt");*/
    /*system("../gp37mgw/wgnuplot graph.plt");*/
    /*system("cd ../gp37mgw");*/
    /* system("..\\gp37mgw\\wgnuplot graph.plt");*/
     strcpy(plotcmd,GNUPLOTPROGRAM);
     strcat(plotcmd," ");
     strcat(plotcmd,optionfilegnuplot);
     printf("Starting: %s\n",plotcmd);fflush(stdout);
     system(plotcmd);
   
    /*#ifdef windows*/
     while (z[0] != 'q') {
       /* chdir(path); */
       printf("\nType e to edit output files, g to graph again, c to start again, and q for exiting: ");
       scanf("%s",z);
       if (z[0] == 'c') system("./imach");
       else if (z[0] == 'e') system(optionfilehtm);
       else if (z[0] == 'g') system(plotcmd);
       else if (z[0] == 'q') exit(0);
     }
     /*#endif */
   }
   
   

Removed from v.1.41.2.1  
changed lines
  Added in v.1.63


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