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version 1.3, 2001/05/09 14:09:37	version 1.4, 2002/03/01 17:59:49
Line 29 color="#00006A">INED</font></a><font col	Line 29 color="#00006A">INED</font></a><font col
href="http://euroreves.ined.fr"><font color="#00006A">EUROREVES</font></a></h3>	href="http://euroreves.ined.fr"><font color="#00006A">EUROREVES</font></a></h3>

<p align="center"><font color="#00006A" size="4"><strong>Version	<p align="center"><font color="#00006A" size="4"><strong>Version
64b, May 2001</strong></font></p>	0.7, February 2002</strong></font></p>

<hr size="3" color="#EC5E5E">	<hr size="3" color="#EC5E5E">

Line 273 weights or covariates, you must fill the	Line 273 weights or covariates, you must fill the
<h2><font color="#00006A">Your first example parameter file</font><a	<h2><font color="#00006A">Your first example parameter file</font><a
href="http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach"></a><a name="uio"></a></h2>	href="http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach"></a><a name="uio"></a></h2>

<h2><a name="biaspar"></a>#Imach version 0.64b, May 2001,	<h2><a name="biaspar"></a>#Imach version 0.7, February 2002,
INED-EUROREVES </h2>	INED-EUROREVES </h2>

<p>This is a comment. Comments start with a '#'.</p>	<p>This is a comment. Comments start with a '#'.</p>
Line 387 initials values, a12, b12, a13, b13, a21	Line 387 initials values, a12, b12, a13, b13, a21
start with zeros as in this example, but if you have a more	start with zeros as in this example, but if you have a more
precise set (for example from an earlier run) you can enter it	precise set (for example from an earlier run) you can enter it
and it will speed up them<br>	and it will speed up them<br>
Each of the four lines starts with indices "ij": <br>	Each of the four lines starts with indices "ij": <b>ij
<br>	aij bij</b> </p>
<b>ij aij bij</b> </p>

<blockquote>	<blockquote>
<pre># Guess values of aij and bij in log (pij/pii) = aij + bij * age	<pre># Guess values of aij and bij in log (pij/pii) = aij + bij * age
Line 411 Each of the four lines starts with indic	Line 410 Each of the four lines starts with indic
<h4><font color="#FF0000">Guess values for computing variances</font></h4>	<h4><font color="#FF0000">Guess values for computing variances</font></h4>

<p>This is an output if <a href="#mle">mle</a>=1. But it can be	<p>This is an output if <a href="#mle">mle</a>=1. But it can be
used as an input to get the vairous output data files (Health	used as an input to get the various output data files (Health
expectancies, stationary prevalence etc.) and figures without	expectancies, stationary prevalence etc.) and figures without
rerunning the rather long maximisation phase (mle=0). </p>	rerunning the rather long maximisation phase (mle=0). </p>

Line 442 consists in indices "ij" follo	Line 441 consists in indices "ij" follo
<h4><font color="#FF0000">Covariance matrix of parameters</font></h4>	<h4><font color="#FF0000">Covariance matrix of parameters</font></h4>

<p>This is an output if <a href="#mle">mle</a>=1. But it can be	<p>This is an output if <a href="#mle">mle</a>=1. But it can be
used as an input to get the vairous output data files (Health	used as an input to get the various output data files (Health
expectancies, stationary prevalence etc.) and figures without	expectancies, stationary prevalence etc.) and figures without
rerunning the rather long maximisation phase (mle=0). </p>	rerunning the rather long maximisation phase (mle=0). </p>

Line 477 covariances between aij and bij: </p>	Line 476 covariances between aij and bij: </p>
</li>	</li>
</ul>	</ul>

<h4><a name="biaspar-l"></a><font color="#FF0000">last	<h4><font color="#FF0000">Age range for calculation of stationary
uncommented line</font></h4>	prevalences and health expectancies</font></h4>

<pre>agemin=70 agemax=100 bage=50 fage=100</pre>	<pre>agemin=70 agemax=100 bage=50 fage=100</pre>

<p>Once we obtained the estimated parameters, the program is able	<p>Once we obtained the estimated parameters, the program is able
to calculated stationary prevalence, transitions probabilities	to calculated stationary prevalence, transitions probabilities
and life expectancies at any age. Choice of age ranges is useful	and life expectancies at any age. Choice of age range is useful
for extrapolation. In our data file, ages varies from age 70 to	for extrapolation. In our data file, ages varies from age 70 to
102. Setting bage=50 and fage=100, makes the program computing	102. Setting bage=50 and fage=100, makes the program computing
life expectancy from age bage to age fage. As we use a model, we	life expectancy from age bage to age fage. As we use a model, we
Line 493 range from the data. But the model can b	Line 492 range from the data. But the model can b
intervals.</p>	intervals.</p>

<p>Similarly, it is possible to get extrapolated stationary	<p>Similarly, it is possible to get extrapolated stationary
prevalence by age raning from agemin to agemax. </p>	prevalence by age ranging from agemin to agemax. </p>

<ul>	<ul>
<li><b>agemin=</b> Minimum age for calculation of the	<li><b>agemin=</b> Minimum age for calculation of the
Line 502 prevalence by age raning from agemin to	Line 501 prevalence by age raning from agemin to
stationary prevalence </li>	stationary prevalence </li>
<li><b>bage=</b> Minimum age for calculation of the health	<li><b>bage=</b> Minimum age for calculation of the health
expectancies </li>	expectancies </li>
<li><b>fage=</b> Maximum ages for calculation of the health	<li><b>fage=</b> Maximum age for calculation of the health
expectancies </li>	expectancies </li>
</ul>	</ul>

	<h4><a name="Computing"><font color="#FF0000">Computing</font></a><font
	color="#FF0000"> the observed prevalence</font></h4>

	<pre>begin-prev-date=1/1/1984 end-prev-date=1/6/1988 </pre>

	<p>Statements 'begin-prev-date' and 'end-prev-date' allow to
	select the period in which we calculate the observed prevalences
	in each state. In this example, the prevalences are calculated on
	data survey collected between 1 january 1984 and 1 june 1988. </p>

	<ul>
	<li><strong>begin-prev-date= </strong>Starting date
	(day/month/year)</li>
	<li><strong>end-prev-date= </strong>Final date
	(day/month/year)</li>
	</ul>

	<h4><font color="#FF0000">Population- or status-based health
	expectancies</font></h4>

	<pre>pop_based=0</pre>

	<p>The user has the possibility to choose between
	population-based or status-based health expectancies. If
	pop_based=0 then status-based health expectancies are computed
	and if pop_based=1, the programme computes population-based
	health expectancies. Health expectancies are weighted averages of
	health expectancies respective of the initial state. For a
	status-based index, the weights are the cross-sectional
	prevalences observed between two dates, as <a href="#Computing">previously
	explained</a>, whereas for a population-based index, the weights
	are the stationary prevalences.</p>

	<h4><font color="#FF0000">Prevalence forecasting </font></h4>

	<pre>starting-proj-date=1/1/1989 final-proj-date=1/1/1992 mov_average=0 </pre>

	<p>Prevalence and population projections are only available if
	the interpolation unit is a month, i.e. stepm=1. The programme
	estimates the prevalence in each state at a precise date
	expressed in day/month/year. The programme computes one
	forecasted prevalence a year from a starting date (1 january of
	1989 in this example) to a final date (1 january 1992). The
	statement mov_average allows to compute smoothed forecasted
	prevalences with a five-age moving average centered at the
	mid-age of the five-age period. </p>

	<ul>
	<li><strong>starting-proj-date</strong>= starting date
	(day/month/year) of forecasting</li>
	<li><strong>final-proj-date= </strong>final date
	(day/month/year) of forecasting</li>
	<li><strong>mov_average</strong>= smoothing with a five-age
	moving average centered at the mid-age of the five-age
	period. The command<strong> mov_average</strong> takes
	value 1 if the prevalences are smoothed and 0 otherwise.</li>
	</ul>

	<h4><font color="#FF0000">Last uncommented line : Population
	forecasting </font></h4>

	<pre>popforecast=0 popfile=pyram.txt popfiledate=1/1/1989 last-popfiledate=1/1/1992</pre>

	<p>This command is available if the interpolation unit is a
	month, i.e. stepm=1 and if popforecast=1. From a data file </p>

	<p>Structure of the data file <a href="pyram.txt"><b>pyram.txt</b></a><b>
	: </b>age numbers</p>

	<p> </p>

<hr>	<hr>

<h2><a name="running"></a><font color="#00006A">Running Imach	<h2><a name="running"></a><font color="#00006A">Running Imach
with this example</font></h2>	with this example</font></h2>

<p>We assume that you entered your <a href="biaspar.txt">1st_example	<p>We assume that you entered your <a href="biaspar.imach">1st_example
parameter file</a> as explained <a href="#biaspar">above</a>. To	parameter file</a> as explained <a href="#biaspar">above</a>. To
run the program you should click on the imach.exe icon and enter	run the program you should click on the imach.exe icon and enter
the name of the parameter file which is for example <a	the name of the parameter file which is for example <a
Line 536 and graphs</font> </a></h2>	Line 606 and graphs</font> </a></h2>
<p>Once the optimization is finished, some graphics can be made	<p>Once the optimization is finished, some graphics can be made
with a grapher. We use Gnuplot which is an interactive plotting	with a grapher. We use Gnuplot which is an interactive plotting
program copyrighted but freely distributed. A gnuplot reference	program copyrighted but freely distributed. A gnuplot reference
manual is available <a href="http://www.gnuplot.org/">here</a>. <br>	manual is available <a href="http://www.gnuplot.info/">here</a>. <br>
When the running is finished, the user should enter a caracter	When the running is finished, the user should enter a caracter
for plotting and output editing. </p>	for plotting and output editing. </p>

Line 848 file</b></font><b>: </b><a href="orbiasp	Line 918 file</b></font><b>: </b><a href="orbiasp
<p>This copy of the parameter file can be useful to re-run the	<p>This copy of the parameter file can be useful to re-run the
program while saving the old output files. </p>	program while saving the old output files. </p>

	<h5><font color="#EC5E5E" size="3"><b>- Prevalence forecasting</b></font><b>:
	</b><a href="frbiaspar.txt"><b>frbiaspar.txt</b></a></h5>

	<p>On a d'abord estim� la date moyenne des interviaew. ie
	13/9/1995. This file contains </p>

	<p>Example, at date 1/1/1989 : </p>

	<p>73 0.807 0.078 0.115 </p>

	<p>This means that at age 73, the probability for a person age 70
	at 13/9/1989 to be in state 1 is 0.807, in state 2 is 0.078 and
	to die is 0.115 at 1/1/1989.</p>

	<h5><font color="#EC5E5E" size="3"><b>- Population forecasting</b></font><b>:
	</b><a href="poprbiaspar.txt"><b>poprbiaspar.txt</b></a></h5>

	<pre># Age P.1 P.2 P.3 [Population]
	# Forecasting at date 1/1/1989
	75 572685.22 83798.08
	74 621296.51 79767.99
	73 645857.70 69320.60 </pre>

	<pre># Forecasting at date 1/1/19909
	76 442986.68 92721.14 120775.48
	75 487781.02 91367.97 121915.51
	74 512892.07 85003.47 117282.76 </pre>

<hr>	<hr>

<h2><a name="example" </a><font color="#00006A">Trying an example</font></a></h2>	<h2><a name="example" </a><font color="#00006A">Trying an example</font></a></h2>
Line 867 question:'<strong>Enter the parameter fi	Line 965 question:'<strong>Enter the parameter fi

<table border="1">	<table border="1">
<tr>	<tr>
<td width="100%"><strong>IMACH, Version 0.64b</strong><p><strong>Enter	<td width="100%"><strong>IMACH, Version 0.7</strong><p><strong>Enter
the parameter file name: ..\mytry\imachpar.txt</strong></p>	the parameter file name: ..\mytry\imachpar.txt</strong></p>
</td>	</td>
</tr>	</tr>
Line 1006 edit the master file mypar.htm. </font><	Line 1104 edit the master file mypar.htm. </font><
- Health expectancies with their variances: <a	- Health expectancies with their variances: <a
href="..\mytry\trmypar.txt">trmypar.txt</a> <br>	href="..\mytry\trmypar.txt">trmypar.txt</a> <br>
- Standard deviation of stationary prevalence: <a	- Standard deviation of stationary prevalence: <a
href="..\mytry\vplrmypar.txt">vplrmypar.txt</a> <br>	href="..\mytry\vplrmypar.txt">vplrmypar.txt</a><br>
	- Prevalences forecasting: <a href="frmypar.txt">frmypar.txt</a>
<br>	<br>
	- Population forecasting (if popforecast=1): <a
	href="poprmypar.txt">poprmypar.txt</a> <br>
</li>	</li>
<li><u>Graphs</u> <br>	<li><u>Graphs</u> <br>
<br>	<br>
Line 1037 simple justification (name, email, insti	Line 1138 simple justification (name, email, insti
href="mailto:brouard@ined.fr">mailto:brouard@ined.fr</a> and <a	href="mailto:brouard@ined.fr">mailto:brouard@ined.fr</a> and <a
href="mailto:lievre@ined.fr">mailto:lievre@ined.fr</a> .</p>	href="mailto:lievre@ined.fr">mailto:lievre@ined.fr</a> .</p>

<p>Latest version (0.64b of may 2001) can be accessed at <a	<p>Latest version (0.7 of February 2002) can be accessed at <a
href="http://euroeves.ined.fr/imach">http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach</a><br>	href="http://euroeves.ined.fr/imach">http://euroreves.ined.fr/imach</a><br>
</p>	</p>
</body>	</body>

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